WPC  #VU: % 0UB 4  0J 0T` 0^ 0h 0rz 0| 0h 0 1u~U, 0dU,U*U.B)DC0 AMsv~vR B% D3B 0@u AO 0 0D{ D/ BIBM Laser Printer 4019IBM4019,,,,0P 5 u P,rAZ"Arial RegularX(m$  7XXdXXd7    TR[A'Legal[A'LegalA' LegalA' LegalT` ` X  iUX` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXi<6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiU_A 3|x2 0Indent123  2" 0Indent20 23  2, 0Indent30 0 23  26 0Indent40 0 0 23  2@ 0Indent50 0 0 0 23  2J 0Indent60 0 0 0 0 23  2T 0Indent70 0 0 0 0 0 23  2^ 0Indent80 0 0 0 0 0 0 23    ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)<  9p`(ModernP 8Mac DefaultMac Default ` X<  9p`(Monaco<  9p`(Arial<  9p`(Courier% Line 7 d7Border 1dd- C << G  !  #d#  #d#  \RA'\ `     X ` X  "     YYY FILEDX February12,1996CecilCrowson,Jr.AppellateCourtClerk PtPtHH(FG(HH(d'@Styl{WP}01  HH  2$HH  Geneva  <Px443!#4$*$$*$ KK  Geneva  Geneva .,6 Monaco   BA: T Monaco  BA: T Monaco  d%%%%'dxd("$    -C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3z$ !  7XXdXXd7    TR[A'Legal[A'LegalA' LegalA' LegalT` ` X  iUX` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXi  ($$   1  ' dxdP Pd ! . &Xd&#Xd#  #Xd##Xd#  \RA'\ `     X ` X  4  h L!" ;+'h|` - `L@ INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE@ ATKNOXVILLE@ JANUARYSESSION,1995STATEOFTENNESSEE,   )     ) Appellee,   ) No.03C019405CR00188     )     ) CockeCountyv.     )     ) Hon.BenW.Hooper,II,Judge     )STEVENHUGHES,   ) AggravatedRobbery,4counts;     ) AggravatedAssault,2counts Appellant.   )FortheAppellant:     FortheAppellee:PaulG.Whetstone     CharlesW.Burson502NorthJacksonSt.    AttorneyGeneralofTennesseeMorristown,TN37814     and      HuntS.Brown      AssistantAttorneyGeneralof      Tennessee      450JamesRobertsonParkway      Nashville,TN372430493      AlfredC.Schmutzer,Jr.      DistrictAttorneyGeneral      301SevierCountyCourthouse      Sevierville,Tn37862      RichardVance      AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral      339EastMainStreet      Newport,TN37832OPINIONFILED:___________________CONVICTIONSAFFIRMED,SENTENCESVACATED,REMANDEDJosephM.TiptonJudge     OPINION  Thedefendant,StevenHughes,wasconvicteduponguiltypleasintheCockeCountyCircuitCourtoffourcountsofaggravatedrobbery,aClassBfelony,andtwocountsofaggravatedassault,aClassCfelony.Hereceivedatwentyyearsentenceforeachaggravatedrobbery,themaximumavailableforaRangeII,multipleoffender.Hereceivedafifteenyearsentenceforeachaggravatedassault,themaximumrequiredforaRangeIII,careeroffender.Saveforoneaggravatedrobberysentence,thedefendantistoserveallofthesentencesconsecutively,resultinginanaggregatesentenceofninetyyearsinthecustodyoftheDepartmentofCorrection. Inthisappealasofright,thedefendantcomplainsaboutthesentenceshereceivedrelativetothetrialcourt'sfailuretoenforceclaimedpleabargainedsentences,improperenhancementofthesentencesbyrangeandwithintherange,improperrejectionofmitigatingfactors,andimproperuseofconsecutivesentencing.Althoughweagreewiththetrialcourt'sconclusionthatnopleabargainagreementexistedorwasenforceablerelativetothesentences,wevacatethesentences.Also,thiscasecomestouswithseveralencumbrancesthat,combined,leadustoremandthecaseforresentencinginsteadofourattemptingtofashionsentencesourselves. TherecordreflectsthatonoraboutOctober23,1993,thedefendantandGregoryScottCaudillundertookrobberiesatagrocerystoreinwhichsixpeoplewerepresent.ThedefendantheldasawedoffshotgunandCaudillheldawoodenclub.Thevictimswererequiredtolieonthefloorwhilethetwotookoverfourthousanddollarscash,thecashregister,apocketbook,andhandgunsfromthestoreandseveralofthevictims.Severalofthevictimswerehitontheheadandsufferedcutsresultingfromwhatcanbeviewedasgratuitousviolenceoractsofintimidation.Thevictimswhotestifiedatthesentencinghearingwereunabletosaywhichofthetwo  assailantshadstruckthevariousvictims,althoughCaudillwasseenhittingthreeofthem.Thetwowerearrestedlaterinanothercounty.  Weneednotdwelluponthedefendant'sclaimthathewasentitledtoenforcementofapleaagreementforatwentyfiveyearsentence.Therecordtotallybeliestheclaim.Itreflectsthatalthoughthedefendant'scounselsoughtsuchanagreement,nonewaseverreachedandthatthedefendantproceededtopleadguiltyanyway.Thisclaimiswithoutmerit. However,therearenumerousproblemswiththesentences.Regardingrangeenhancement,thetrialcourtdidnotmakespecificfindingsregardingwhatpriorconvictionsitfoundtoapply.AlthoughtherecordcontainscertifiedcopiesoffiveClassEandtwoClassDfelonyconvictions,fouroftheconvictions,includingaClassDone,werenotobtaineduntilafterthepresentoffenseswerecommitted.Undertherangeenhancementstatutes,seeT.C.A.4035106108,enhancementcanonlyoccurforoffensesforwhichthedefendantwasconvictedbeforethecommissionofthepresentoffenses.AstheSentencingCommissionCommentstoT.C.A.4035106explains:  8 Thepriorfelonyconvictionsusedtotriggerthemultipleoffenderstatusmusthaveoccurredpriortothecommissionoftheoffenseforwhichthedefendantisbeingsentenced.Inthissense,themultipleoffenderclassificationisarecidivistprovisiondesignedtopunishpersonswhohavebeenpreviouslyconvictedandthencommitnewcrimes.  (Emphasisadded);seeStatev.Blouvett,904S.W.2d111,113(Tenn.1995).Undertherecordbeforeus,removaloftheseconvictionsfromconsiderationalterthedefendant'srangestatus. Next,thetrialcourtstatedthatthedefendant"qualified"foreverythinglistedinthestate'snoticeofenhancementfactors,notingthatitwouldnotrepeatthem,butitgave"particularsignificance"tothefactthatthedefendantemployedafirearm,seeT.C.A.4035114(9),andtothefactthatthedefendanthadnohesitationaboutcommittingacrimewhentherisktohumanlifewashigh,seeT.C.A.4035114(10).Webelievethattheselimitedfindingsareinsufficientunderthe1989SentencingReformActandreflect,aswell,improperenhancementforsomeoftheoffenses. Initially,wenotethatthetrialcourtdidnotstatefortherecordwhichenhancementfactorsappliedtowhichoffenses.Individualfindingsanddeterminationsmustbemadeforappropriateappellatereview.SeeStatev.JamesE.Winston,No.01C019302CR00069,DavidsonCo.,slipop.at9(Tenn.Crim.App.July28,1994),app.denied(Tenn.Nov.7,1994);Statev.RussellDavidFarmer,No.03C019206CR00196,McMinnCo.,slipop.at15(Tenn.Crim.App.July8,1993);Statev.ThomasPatrickHenley,No.12,MadisonCo.,slipop.at34(Tenn.Crim.App.Aug.14,1991).Wealsonotethatthestate'snoticeofenhancementfactorsuponwhichthetrialcourtreliedwasachecklistformthatpresentedas"enhancementfactors"notonlythestatutoryenhancementfactorscontainedinT.C.A.4035114,buttheconsecutivesentencingcriteria,seeT.C.A.4035115(b)andthecriteriaforconsideringconfinement,seeT.C.A.4035103(1),aswell.However,sentencingwithinarangemustbebaseduponexplicitfindingsrelativetoonlystatutoryenhancementandmitigatingfactors.Statev.Dykes,803S.W.2d250,258(Tenn.Crim.App.1990),app.denied(Tenn.1990).Undertherecordbeforeus,weareunabletodeterminewhetherthetrialcourtlimiteditssentencingenhancementforanygivenoffensewithintheapplicablerangetothestatutoryfactors. Moreover,totheextentthatthetrialcourtspecifiedtheapplicationofenhancementfactors(9)and(10),wenotethatbotharenecessarilyinherentinanaggravatedrobberywhoseaggravatingelementistheuseofthedeadlyweapon.See,e.g.,Statev.Claybrooks,910S.W.2d868,872(Tenn.Crim.App.1994),appdenied(Tenn.1995).Similarly,theaggravatedassaultchargestowhichthedefendantpledguiltyallegehisuseofadeadlyweaponastheaggravatingelement.TotheextentthatenhancementfactorsinT.C.A.4035114areinherentintheelementsofanoffense,astheyarechargedintheindictment,theycannotapplysoastoenhancepunishmentwithintheapplicablerange.SeeStatev.Jones,883S.W.2d597(Tenn.1994). Inconsiderationoftheforegoing,weaffirmthedefendant'sconvictionsbaseduponhispleasofguilty,butthesentencesarevacatedandthecaseisremandedtothetrialcourtforresentencing.     _________________________________     JosephM.Tipton,JudgeCONCUR:_____________________________JoeB.Jones,Judge_____________________________WalterC.Kurtz,SpecialJudge