WPCw |ABCἇ&Xo^M^rITE- SDYxS")xse  `QajKWA1*d-X7\YۘAkb0S顬oIG.bl&vca?uReqv#Gg30]KCOsCZtNr_P#-S{X9ҠkţZEs=3Xe#bRF4-z dw*~q]@oh-UZJ fc*`W(}8W"DVpεf*僊hL}@Kvpn"8 ݁^bVJ; N YQMPvB{GP xϏ@S1K?, _{;2^L# F UNQ % 0( 4  U7: 3* b] Ee N w@   m   0 0DnU;: 0DU:0jU:_U:U:U:U: D3>>> 0Dqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq B AO!! 0D D/+ BZHP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLh(9 Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($uM% @ d3|xdR,cAZ"Arial Regular ) R$4   1    XxCXXXoXXxC_ooInhisbrieftothisCourt,thedefendantdoesnotstatewhatmitigatingfactorshealleges  shouldhaveapplied,butreferstothemmerelyasthose soprolificallytestifiedto[sic]andthose urgeduponthetrialcourt.Thefactorslistedabovearethosethatheappearedtoarguebeforethetrialcourt.- - ;  #Xd#   LRORPRDQRRRSRTREURVRӀ`RU  $    1    _XXXXInhisbrieftothisCourt,thedefendantdoesnotstatewhatmitigatingfactorshe  allegesshouldhaveapplied,butreferstothemmerelyasthose soprolificallytestifiedto[sic]andthose urgeduponthetrialcourt.Thefactorslistedabovearethosethatheappearedtoarguebeforethetrialcourt.(8(2R$ !  4   0  (#$  0  ,  AZ"Arial Regular(3$ !  ,cAZ"Arial Regular  R$4   1    _XXXXInhisbrieftothisCourt,thedefendantdoesnotstatewhatmitigating  factorsheallegesshouldhaveapplied,butreferstothemmerelyasthose soprolificallytestifiedto[sic]andthose urgeduponthetrialcourt.Thefactorslistedabovearethosethatheappearedtoarguebeforethetrialcourt.,  AZ"Arial Regular,cAZ"Arial Regular JOHNELLHOSKINSMONDELLIWALKUPBEHAN xxxxJohnellHoskins wAtAshby CrimJerniganMillsaps,yAZ"Arial Regular X>XXXXX>   Ad FILEDX>X  May5,1999CecilW.CrowsonAppellateCourtClerkdAM ,cAZ"Arial Regular X>XXXXX>   Ad FILEDX>X  April29,1999CecilW.CrowsonAppellateCourtClerkdAM ,cAZ"Arial RegularUUUU'dxd(3$ !   d-C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd !  ݛ_4 H   X>XXXTR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'TVRVR`RVRr*<,(j 8` `@E` 8ttxP,  rVR`R`Rr*<,(j 8` `@E` 8ttxP,  r`RVRVRINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEEAT_NASHVILLE___FEBRUARY1999SESSION  ` \  4X 474STATEOFTENNESSEE, 7 )  :   4 747  7 )C.C.A.No.01C019805CC00233 Appellee, 7 )     7 )WilliamsonCountyV. 7 )     7 )HonorablePRJoeHerbertPRQRTimothyL.EasterQR,Judge  n    7 )  T  JOHNELLHOSKINS,  7 )(StatutoryRape) :   7 ) Appellant. 7 )  \ 4c4 FORTHEAPPELLANT: c FORTHEAPPELLEE:  JAMESV.MONDELLI c JOHNKNOXWALKUP V 5115MarylandWay c AttorneyGeneral&Reporter < Brentwood,TN37027X>XXX> c TIMOTHYBEHAN X  c AssistantAttorneyGeneral#X>XXX>{# >  c 425FifthAvenueNorth c Nashville,TN37243 c _RONALDL.DAVIS_____Լ c DistrictAttorneyGeneral c DEREKSMITH c AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral c P.O.Box937 c Franklin,TN370650937 c OPINIONFILED:___________________ AFFIRMED d506  JOHNEVERETTWILLIAMS,  8l39 Judge̛̜VR H  7XXdXXd7    H  #Xd#    VR ; 7=  H  7XXdXXd7   VR H  #Xd#    VR  4 D4c  g|XX>OPINION#X>Xg| #   y X>XXX> _____Thedefendant,Johnell_Ԁ_Hoskins,_Ԁpleadedguiltytotwocountsofstatutory ( _rapeandwassentencedto________________________________two_Ԁ_yearsin____theTennesseeDepartmentofCorrection___Ԁforeach_count,withhissentencestorunconcurrently._Ԁ_Thedefendantappeals,arguing______Ԁthat_Ԁ_these___Ԁsentencesareexcessiveandthatthetrialcourterredindenyinghisrequestforalternativesentencing._We____AFFIRM_Ԁ_thejudgment_Ԁofthetrialcourt.#X>XXX> #X>XXX> $  #X>XXX>z#X>XXX>  Ӏ BACKGROUND  l #X>XXX>#X>XXX> OnOctober18,1996,the_defendant,whowasfortyoneyearsofage, D took__histwovictims,agesfifteenandsixteen,totheDixonMotelandengagedthemingroupsex.__ԀTheoldervictimlivedwithhermotherinthedefendantshomeatthetimeoftheoffense.Theyoungervictimwasspendingthenightwiththedefendantsdaughter.Byallaccounts,includingthedefendantsowntestimony,thedefendantwasaclosefriendandafatherfiguretobothgirls.Toillustrate,thestateintroducedaletterfromthedefendanttotheyoungervictiminwhichhetoldherhelovedherlikehisowndaughterandthatsheshouldfeellikehishomewasherown.̀ ____Atthedefendantssentencinghearing,theyoungervictimtestifiedthatthedefendantgaveherValiumandalcoholpriortotakingthegirlstotheMotel.Although,bythenatureofthecharges,consentwasnotanissue,thetestifyingvictimalsoindicatedthatshefeltcoercedtohavesexwiththedefendant.Inaddition,shecontradictedthedefendantsassertionthatthiswasanisolatedincident.Shetestified,rather,thatthedefendanthadinappropriatelytouchedbothgirlsonpreviousoccasionsandhadcontinuedtosexuallymolestthegirlwholivedinhishomeonseveraloccasionsaftertheinstantoffenses.Finally,she#X>XXX>V#X>XXX>testifiedthatshehasbeenextremelydepressed,evensuicidal,sincethe 506 incident.#X>XXX>x#X>XXX> h728 #X>XXX>!#X>XXX> 494: _ Thedefendanttestifiedthathiswifehadcommitted______suicideinFebruary1996.InSeptember1996,hisdaughterhadbeeninvolvedinaseriousautomobileaccident#XxCXXXxC#XxCXXXxCԀandhis_Ԁbestfriendshusbandhaddied.Accordingtothe `  defendant,theseeventshadcausedhimtosufferseveredepression,suchthathehadbeenseeingapsychiatristandtakingProzacandothermedicationsatthetimeofhisoffenses.#XxCXXXxCU#XxCXXXxCSeveraldefensewitnessesalsoconfirmedthatthe  defendanthadbecomeseverelydepressedafterhiswifesdeathandcontinuedtosufferfromdepressionatthetimeofhisoffenses.#XxCXXXxC#XxCXXXxC_ Finally,asrelevanthere,thestateintroducedthedefendantshistoryofcriminalbehavior,whichincludedatwentyyearoldconvictionfordrivingundertheinfluence,anexpungedconvictionforreceivingandconcealing,aworthlesscheckcharge,andanharassmentcharge.___ Basedontheabovetestimony,thetrialcourtfoundapplicable____#XxCXXXxC#XxCXXXxC_____Ԁone $" enhancementfactor!that [t]hedefendanthasaprevioushistoryofcriminalconvictionsorcriminalbehaviorinadditiontothosenecessarytoestablishtheappropriaterange.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035114(1)._Findingnomitigatingfactors,thetrialcourtsentencedthedefendanttotherangeImaximumoftwoyearsconfinementoneachcount,withthesentencestobeservedconcurrently.__________#XxCXXXxC#XxCXXXxC__ ____ -@),  Thedefendantnowchallengesthesesentences. / +. #XxCXXXxC!#XxCXXXxC ___  STANDARDOFREVIEW  3.2 4##XxCXXXxC"#XxCXXXxC _#XxCXXXxC##XxCXXXxCWhenanaccusedchallengesthelengthormannerofserviceofa p504 sentence,itisthedutyofthisCourttoconductadenovoreviewontherecord withapresumptionthatthedeterminationsmadebythecourtfromwhichthe 0948 appealistakenarecorrect.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d).#XxCXXXxC##XxCXXXxCԀThis  presumption isconditionedupontheaffirmativeshowingintherecordthatthetrialcourtconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsandcircumstances.Statev.Ashby,823S.W.2d166,169(Tenn.1991).Ifour P  reviewreflectsthatthetrialcourtproperlyconsideredallrelevantfactorsanditsfindingsoffactareadequatelysupportedintherecord,thenthisCourtmaynotdisturbthesentenceevenifwewouldhavepreferredadifferentresult.#XxCXXXxC%#XxCXXXxCSee @  Statev.Fletcher,805S.W.2d785,789(Tenn.Crim.App.1991).Theappellant   carriestheburdenofshowingthatthesentenceisimproper.See#XxCXXXxC'#XxCXXXxCԀTenn.Code  Ann.4035401(d)#XxCXXXxC(#XxCXXXxCsentencingcommn#XxCXXXxCh)#XxCXXXxCԀ#XxCXXXxC)#XxCXXXxCcmts#XxCXXXxC*#XxCXXXxC;#XxCXXXxCG*#XxCXXXxCStatev.Jernigan,929S.W.2d  391,395(Tenn.Crim.App.1996).#XxCXXXxC*#XxCXXXxCԀ#XxCXXXxC'+#XxCXXXxC p   SENTENCINGFACTORS  0 +#XxCXXXxCj+#XxCXXXxC Theappellant_firstargues___thatthetrialcourterredinfailingtofind ` applicabletwomitigatingfactors:(1)thatthedefendantcommittedhisoffensesduringaperiodofseveredepressioncausedbyhislatewifessuicide,seeTenn.   CodeAnn.4035113(8);and(2)thatthedefendanthasa fairlyexemplaryrecord.LRORORORORLRLRLR #  1      #XxCXXXxC ,#XxCXXXxC $"  _Severaldefensewitnessestestifiedthatthedefendanthadbeenseverelydepressedsincehiswifessuicide.Asaresultofthisdepression,the#XxCXXXxC.#XxCXXXxC_Ԁdefendant 0*%( testifiedthathewastakingProzacandothermedications_atthetimeofhisoffenseandthathehadbeensee______ing_Ԁapsychiatrist._____Nevertheless,_Ԁtherecordcontainsnoevidencethat_this____depression_Ԁ_ significantlyreducedthedefendantsculpabilityfortheoffense.__ԀTenn.CodeAnn.4035113(8). Thatis,nocausallinkhasbeenestablishedbetweentheailmentandtheoffense.#XxCXXXxC/#XxCXXXxCStatev.Mark 3.2 W.Rawlings,No.02C01-9612-CR-00475(Tenn.Crim.App.filedFeb.10,1998, p504 atJackson);seealso#XxCXXXxC03#XxCXXXxCStatev.KatherineIreneWarren,No.  01C01-9710-CC-00455(Tenn.Crim.App.filed,Oct.28,1998,atNashville)#XxCXXXxC4#XxCXXXxC  (rejectingapplicationofmitigatingfactor(8)forlackofcausalproof)#XxCXXXxC4#XxCXXXxC;Statev. p TrevaStrickland,No.03C01-9611-CC-00427(Tenn.Crim.App.filedDec.16, P  1997,atKnoxville)#XxCXXXxC5#XxCXXXxC(rejectingapplicationoffactor(8)todefendantwhohad 0  undergonementalhealthtreatmentandwastakingProzacandValium,but offerednoproofregardinghowherallegedmentalconditionsignificantlyreducedherculpabilityfortheoffenses).Therefore,ontherecordbeforethisCourt,wecannotconcludethatthe#XxCXXXxC[6#______XxCXXXxC____________trial_Ԁcourt_erredin_Ԁrejecting_thisproposed  factor____.___________Ԁ Astothedefendants fairlyexemplaryrecord,the_trialcourtfoundthatthe__defendants_Ԁ_recordofcriminalconvictionsorbehaviorwassufficienttosupportenhancementofhissentence.Thedefendantdoesnotchallengethisfinding,andwenotenoerror.______________________________________It_Ԁisinconceivable,then,howthisCourt_could____be_expectedtoconcludethatthissamerecordmeritsmitigation.Thisissueiswithoutmerit. _ #XxCXXXxCY8#XxCXXXxCUpon_Ԁourdenovoreview,wealsonoteatleastoneadditional p&!$ enhancementfactorthat,althoughneitherarguedbythestatenorfoundbythetrialcourt#XxCXXXxC?#XxCXXXxC,#XxCXXXxC@#XxCXXXxCԀisclearlysupportedbytheevidence.Thecumulativeand 0*%( uncontrovertedevidenceshowsthatthedefendanthadaclose,evenquasifamilial,relationshipwiththevictims.Hisexploitingthatrelationshiptoseducethevictimsclearlyamountstoanabuseofprivatetrust.SeeTenn.CodeAnn. / +. 4035114(15).Thus,wefindenhancementfactor(15)applicableandentitledtosignificantweight.LRLR#XxCXXXxCA#XxCXXXxC   ALTERNATIVESENTENCING  P726 IC #XxCXXXxCC#XxCXXXxCThedefendantnextassertsthatthetrialcourterredindenyinghisrequest foralternativesentencing.Althoughthedefendantispresumedtobeafavorablecandidateforalternativesentencing,seeTenn.CodeAnn.4035102;thetrial p courtfoundthispresumption_rebutted,concludingthat_____Ԁ confinementisnecessarytoavoiddepreciatingtheseriousnessoftheoffenseand toprovideaneffectivedeterrencetootherslikelytocommitsimilaroffenses,Tenn.CodeAnn.4035103(1)(B)._ The_Ԁdefendantattacksthesefindings,arguingthatneitheris_supportedbytherecord.Withregardtodeterrence,thedefendantnotesthatthestatepresentednoevidenceindicatingaspecialneedfordeterrencerelativetothejurisdiction.Itisgenerallytruethattheneedfor___deterrence_Ԁ_cannotbeconclusionaryonly,butmust_Ԁbesupportedbyevidenceinrecordindicatingthatthesentenceimposedwouldhaveadeterrenteffectwithinthejurisdiction.#XxCXXXxCC#XxCXXXxCԀSee ` Statev.Bingham,910S.W.2d448,455(Tenn.Crim.App.1995).#XxCXXXxCH#XxCXXXxC_Ԁ__ԀHowever,__________this_ @ Courthasheldthatsomeoffenses,includingcertainsexual_offenses_Ԁ_against_minors,areperse_deterrable_._See,_Ԁ_e.g.,_ԀStatev.DamonW._Bryd_,No.01C01 "  9503CR00083(Tenn.Crim.App.filedAug.1,1996,atNashville)( [_C]ertain_criminaloffenses,bytheirverynature,neednoextrinsicprooftoestablishthedeterrentvalueofpunishment.)#XxCXXXxCI#XxCXXXxCԀ(citingStatev.CharlesA._Pinkham_,Jr.,No. P(#& 02C01-9502-CR-00040(Tenn.Crim.App.filedMay24,1996,atJackson);State 0*%( v.Millsaps,920S.W.2d267,271(Tenn.Crim.App.#XxCXXXxCJM#XxCXXXxC1995)). [T]heneedfor ,`'* incarcerationofoffendersinthesecasesisself-evident.Statev.JosephJ. -@), Brooks,No.03C01-9706-CC-00220(Tenn.Crim.App.filedSept.10,1998,at / +. Knoxville). Noneofthecitedcases,however,involvedstatutoryrape.Whileitmightseemappropriatetoextendthisprecedentunderthecircumstanceofthepresentcase,todenominateanoffenseasdeterRRrRRable persenecessarilypreTRSRlSRTRcURlURudes 0948 considerationofthecircumstancesoftheoffenseascommitted.Wedeclinetoextendtheabovelineofcasestoholdthatconfinementiswarrantedbasedondeterrenceineveryinstanceofstatutoryrape.Therefore,becausetherecordcontainsnospecificevidencesupportinganeedfordeterrence,weconcludethatconfinementisnotjustifiedonthisbasisinthepresentcase#XXXXgN#XXXX. 1,2 #XXXX$R#XXXX Nevertheless,thetrialcourtsfindingthatconfinementisnecessarytoavoiddepreciatingtheseriousnessofhisoffensesiswellfounded.#XXXXR#XXXXԀForthis 7P28 factortowarrantasentenceofconfinement, thecircumstancesoftheoffense 84: ascommittedmustbeespeciallyviolent,horrifying,shocking,reprehensible,offensive,orotherwiseofanexcessiveorexaggerateddegree,andthenatureoftheoffensemustoutweighallfactorsfavoringasentenceotherthanconfinement.Bingham,910S.W.2dat455#XXXX_S#XXXX(quotingStatev.Hartley,818  d S.W.2d370,374-75(Tenn.Crim.App.1991)).#XXXXDU#XXXXԀThedefendant#XXXXU#XXXXarguesthat  0 although thetrialcourtsconcernsabouttheoffensearevalid,...[theseconcerns]areapplicabletoeverycaseinvolvingstatutoryrape.Weemphaticallydisagree.Withintherangeofactivitiesconstitutingstatutoryrape,onecanclearlydistinguishthedefendantspredatoryactionsfromafullyconsensualsexualrelationshipbetweenpersonsmerelyofdisparateage.Thedefendantwasanauthorityfigureandfamilyfriendwhousedhisinfluencetocoercetwovulnerableteenagegirls,oneofwhomlivedinhishome,toengageingroupsexafterprovidingthemwithdrugsandalcohol.Thetestifyingvictimstatedthatthedefendantthreatenedthegirlstopreventthemfromreportingtheincident.Shealsotestifiedthatthedefendant#XXXX=V#XXXXԀhadinappropriatelytouchedboth ( girlspreviouslyandcontinuedtomolestoneafterthepresentoffenses.Finally,sherelatedthattheincidenthadsoseverelyaffectedherthatshehadcontemplatedsuicide.#XXXXY#XXXXUnderthesecircumstances,wehavenodifficulty <#" agreeingwiththetrialcourtthatthedefendantsoffenses,ascommitted,were#XXXXZ#XXXXespeciallyshockingandreprehensible.#XXXX[# &$"&    CONCLUSION  l*%* "\ Thetrialcourtsfindingsrelativetomitigatingfactorsandalterativesentencingarewithouterror.Althoughwefindoneadditionalenhancementfactor,thedefendanthasalreadyreceivedthemaximumsentence.Thus,thesentenceofthetrialcourtisAFFIRMED.̀ERER FR FRHR񀀀HRIR񀀀______IRHRFRQ!DFR_______HR______________________ER]ER 4 4 D GR񀀀GR  JOHNEVERETTWILLIAMS,Judge 84: ЇCONCUR:XXXXJRJR____________________________  0 DAVIDG.HAYES#XXXX_#XXXX,Judge#XXXXS`#    KRKR_____________________________XXXXJAMESCURWOODWITT,JR.#XXXX;c#,Judge ` JR7bJR