WPC} # VUNa % 0(4b 0l 0Dt   0L w@ T 0J\ 0T 0^ 0hX 0r 0|2 0 04 1u 0d9 BU>U*B)" D3KDC~ AM 0@Nv~;v 0L AO' 0D D/1 B`HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPT0 (9 Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($z! @ d3|x|- -((3$ !      0  (#$  0  > $Small Circle0 hijDklmDnoepӀ|2 0Indent123  2" 0Indent20 23  2, 0Indent30 0 23  26 0Indent40 0 0 23  2@ 0Indent50 0 0 0 23  2J 0Indent60 0 0 0 0 23  2T 0Indent70 0 0 0 0 0 23  2^ 0Indent80 0 0 0 0 0 0 23   ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P 8Mac DefaultMac Default ` X d<  9p`(&Times New Roman<  9p`(Arial% Line 7 d$$$$'dxd))))7Border 1dd-+C << G("$     !'  ((   YYY FILED(X November12,1996CecilCrowson,Jr.(AppellateCourtClerk PtPt HHHV,(hh hd'0F Styl{WP}01  HH  2$HH  Geneva  <Px443!#4$*$$*$ KK  Geneva  Geneva .,6 Geneva   BA Op Geneva  BA Op Geneva >c$"Small Circle"0 -C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd ! . '  4   (\RA'\ћ INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEEٜL,.+;+'h|O`  `Lߛ ` XDpX     Q ATJACKSON` XDpX  Q  OCTOBER1996SESSION   ` D ` cSTATEOFTENNESSEE, ) `  c  )C.C.A.No.02C019605CR00173 Appellee, )  )ShelbyCountyV. )  )HonorableBernieWeinman,Judge   ) CTJUAND.JAMES,  )(EspeciallyAggravatedRobbery)  ) Appellant. )` FORTHEAPPELLANT: FORTHEAPPELLEE:JosephS.Ozment CharlesW.BursonAttorneyatLaw AttorneyGeneral&Reporter217ExchangeAvenueMemphis,TN38105 DeborahA.Tullis AssistantAttorneyGeneral CriminalJusticeDivision 450JamesRobertsonParkway Nashville,TN372430493 JohnW.Pierotti DistrictAttorneyGeneral PhillipGeraldHarris Asst.Dist.AttorneyGeneral 201Poplar,ThirdFloor Memphis,TN38103OPINIONFILED:___________________ AFFIRMED PAULG.SUMMERS, Judge `  p     Q OPINION   7v3XXdXXd7  Theappellant,CtjuanD.James,wasconvictedofespeciallyaggravatedrobbery.Hewassentencedtofifteenyearsincarceration.Onappeal,hearguesthat: 1.Thetrialcourterredinfailingtochargehis"theoryofdefense"; 2.Thetrialcourterredinallowingthevictim,whoremainedinthe courtroomduringthedefense'sproof,totestifyasarebuttalwitness; 3.Anewtrialshouldbegrantedduetojurormisconduct;Ӏand 4.Theevidencewasinsufficient.Findingnoprejudicialerror,weaffirm.  FACTS    Thevictimescortedayoungladytoherthirdfloorapartment.Asthevictimwasleaving,theappellantandtwoothermenconfrontedhim.Thevictimsawthattheappellanthadaknifesoheattemptedtojumpoverthethirdfloorbalcony.Theassailantsattemptedtoholdhim.Thevictim,however,felltothegroundandbrokehisshoulder.Thevictimthentriedtoflee.He,however,wascaught,kicked,andbeatenbytheappellantandthetwoassailants.Theythentookthevictim'scarkeys,money,watch,jacket,andshoesandfledinthevictim'scar.  I    Theappellant'sfirstissueallegesthatthetrialcourterredinfailingtochargehistheoryofdefense.Theappellant'stheoryofdefensewasthattheintenttorobthevictimwasnot"presentatthetimeofthevictim'sbeating."Therefore,heargues,thejuryshouldhavebeeninstructedthattheintenttorobmusthavebeenpresentpriortothebeating.Thestatearguesthattherequestedinstructionwasnotthelaw. Especiallyaggravatedrobberyisrobberyaccomplishedwithadeadlyweaponand"[w]herethevictimsuffersseriousbodilyinjury."Tenn.CodeAnn.3913403(1991Repl.).Robberyisdefinedastheintentionalorknowingtheftofpropertyfromapersonbyviolence.Tenn.CodeAnn.3913401(1991Repl.). Especiallyaggravatedrobberymerelyrequiresthat:(1)thevictimwasrobbed;(2)therobberywasaccomplishedbyuseofadeadlyweapon,and(3)thevictimsufferedseriousbodilyinjury.Weareunpersuadedbytheappellant'sargumentthatthestatemustshowthattheintenttorobprecededtheactscausingseriousbodilyinjury.Theintenttorobcouldhavebeenformedeitherprior,during,orensuingtheactscausingseriousbodilyinjury.Thisissueisdevoidofmerit.  II    Theappellant'ssecondissuearguesthatthetrialcourterredinpermittingthevictimtotestifyduringrebuttalproof.Theappellant'sargumentispremisedonthefactthatthevictimwasnotsequesteredduringthedefense'sproof.Hefurtherarguesthatthestatehadanobligationtoensurethatthevictimwassequesteredpriortousingthevictimasarebuttalwitness. Theappellant,oncrossexamination,deniedthatthevictimwaswearingajacketwhentherobberyoccurred.Thevictimwasrecalledinrebuttal.Hisrebuttaltestimonypertainedtothejacketandhowthejacketwasrecoveredandidentified.Duringthestate'sproof,thevictimhadpreviouslytestifiedthathisjacketwasamongtheitemstakenfromhispossession. Whethertopermittherebuttaltestimonywaswithinthesounddiscretionofthetrialcourt.Ezellv.State,413S.W.2d678(Tenn.1967);Statev.Taylor,645S.W.2d759(Tenn.Crim.App.1982).Moreover,anyerror,atmost,washarmless.Therebuttaltestimonywasmerelycumulativetohisdirecttestimonyduringthestate'sproof.Thisissueiswithoutmerit.  III    Theappellantnextcontendsthatajurorfailedtodiscloseapriorbusinessrelationshipwiththeappellant.Hearguesthatthejuror'sinclusiondeprivedhimofafairandimpartialjury.Wedisagree. Duringvoirdire,theprospectivejurorswereaskedwhethertheyknewtheappellant.Thejurorinquestionofferednoresponse.Followingtheappellant'sconviction,theappellant'scounsellearnedthattheappellantwasemployedandterminatedbythejuror'scompany. Disqualificationofajurorfallsintotwocategories:(1)propteraffectum,and(2)propterdefectum.Propteraffectumdisqualificationsarebaseduponajuror'sbias.Partinv.Henderson,686S.W.2d587,589(Tenn.App.1984).Objectionsbasedupongeneraldisqualifications,suchasage,residence,relationship,andfeeblemindednessareofthepropterdefectumclass.Theappellant'schallengeallegesjurorbias.Accordingly,hisclaimfallsintothepropteraffectumclass.Thisclasscanbechallengedatalmostanytimeduringoraftertrial. Thejurortestifiedatthemotionforanewtrialhearing.Shestatedthatshedidnotremembertheappellantatthetimeoftrial.Shetestifiedthatsheemploysfortytofiftyemployeesayear.Shefurthertestifiedthatshedidnothaveanindependentrecollectionoftheappellantatthetimeofthemotionforanewtrialhearing.Moreover,theappellantapparentlydidnotevenrecognizethejuroratthetimeofhistrial. Thetrialcourtfoundthatthejuror'speripheraldealingswithappellantdidnotaffecttheverdict.Atrialcourt'sfindingsareconclusiveonappealunlesstheevidencepreponderatesagainstthem.Statev.Zimmerman,823S.W.2d220,224(Tenn.Crim.App.1991).Weagreewiththetrialcourt.Thisissueiswithoutmerit.  IV    Theappellant'slastassignmentoferrorallegesthattheevidencewasinsufficienttosupporthisconviction.Wedisagree. Fromtheevidenceprofferedattrial,thejurycouldhaveinferredthattheappellantandtwootherassailantsrobbedthevictimatknifepoint.Thevictimattemptedtoescapebyjumpingoffathreestorybalcony.Hesufferedabrokenshoulderwhenhehittheground.Thevictimattemptedtofleebutwascaught.Theappellantandthetwootherassailantsthenbeat,kicked,androbbedtheappellant.Thisissueiswithoutmerit. AFFIRMED   __________________________________  PAULG.SUMMERS,JudgeCONCUR:_____________________________JOHNH.PEAY,Judge_____________________________DAVIDG.HAYES,Judge