ÿWPC‘ $# UN %a 0Æg-45I 0 Xw@b 0J¢ 0Tì 0D@ 0^„ 0hâ 0rJ 0|¼ 0†8 0¾ 1uN 0dà U>' e Bk U*ˆ ޲ v~@vÓ¾˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLHÎ(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX(žjÆ$¡¡Ñ` ` ÑÑÜÜÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal[  AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÓÓäzz!3|xv(º(3eB$¤¤Ý ƒjÆ!ÝÑ` °ÑÑܰÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓÓÝ  Ýà Œ àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó m[nop[qrsVtDuLev[2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô  ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(&Times New RomanÿÿH; d< Œ 9p`(Arial „Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÑ ` ÑÑ Ü ÑÒ 4 ÒÒ X ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÓÓÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€ ÔÓÓThe€defendant€initially€pled€guilty€to€aggravated€sexual€battery.€€At€the€firstÏsentencing€hearing,€the€trial€judge,€understandably€confused€by€the€complicatedÏseries€of€legislative€changes€to€the€sexual€battery€statute,€reduced€the€charge€toÏsimple€sexual€battery€and€sentenced€the€defendant€to€two€years€in€the€countyÏworkhouse.€€On€appeal,€this€court€reinstated€the€aggravated€sexual€battery€chargeÏand€remanded€for€resentencing.€€òòState€v.€Milton€S.€Jones,€Jr.óó,€No.€02C01„9304„CR„00076€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€at€Jackson,€March€23,€1994).€€Ô€ÔÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÑ ` ÑÑ Ü ÑÒ 4 ÒÒ X ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÓÓÝ  Ý›Ñ7€†LXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÔ€ ÔÔ€ ŠÔÞ ÞÌà@ àòòIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEóóÌà@ àòòAT€JACKSON€óóÌà@ àAUGUST€1996€SESSIONÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à à*à àC.C.A.€#€02C01„9503„CR„00061€Ìà àà àAppellee,à àà à*à àSHELBY€COUNTYÌVS.à àà àà àà àà à*à àHon.€Joseph€B.€Brown,€Jr.,€JudgeÌMILTON€S.€JONES,€JR.,à à*à à(Aggravated€Sexual€Battery)Ìà àà àAppellant.à àà à*ÌÌòòFor€Appellant:óóà àà àà àà àòòFor€Appellee:óóÌÓÓMark€A.€Meslerà àà àà àà àCharles€W.€BursonÌ200€Jefferson€Avenueà àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌMemphis,€TN€€38103Ì(on€appeal€only)à àà àà àà àRobin€L.€HarrisÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌMarvin€Ballinà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌ200€Jefferson€Avenueà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493à àà àMemphis,€TN€€38103à àÌ(on€appeal€and€at€trial)à àà àà àJ.€Robert€Carter,€Jr.Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àandÌà àà àà àà àà àà àTerry€HarrisÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAsst.€District€Attorneys€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àShelby€County€District€Attorneyððs€OfficeÌà àà àà àà àà àà à201€Poplar€Avenue,€Third€FloorÌà àà àà àà àà àà àMemphis,€TN€€38103Ìà àà àà àÌÌOPINION€FILED:_____________________ÌÌÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌÌGARY€R.€WADE,€JUDGEÇÓÓò òòòÓ  ÓOPINIONóóó óÌÓ  Óà àà àThe€defendant,€Milton€S.€Jones,€Jr.,€pled€guilty€to€one€count€ofÏaggravated€sexual€battery€of€a€child€less€than€thirteen€(13)€years€of€age.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€39„13„504.€€On€the€initial€direct€appeal,€this€court€remanded€forÏresentencing.€€òòState€v.€Milton€S.€Jones,€Jr.óó,€No.€02C01„9304„CR„00076€(Tenn.ÏCrim.€App.,€at€Jackson,€March€23,€1994).× ƒ! ××  ×€€The€trial€judge€then€sentenced€theÏdefendant€to€a€Range€I,€nine„year€term.€€In€this€second€appeal,€two€issues€areÏpresented€for€review:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 à(1)€€whether€the€indictment€sufficiently€alleged€theÏelements€of€the€offense€of€aggravated€sexual€battery;ÏandÌÌà8 àà8 à(2)€€whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€sentencing.ÌÌÌÌÓÓà àà àWe€affirm.€€ÌÌà àà àIn€òòState€v.€Roger€Dale€Hill,€Sr.óó,€No.€01C01„9508„CC„00267,€slipÏop.€at€4„5€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€at€Nashville,€June€20,€1996),€òòapp.€grantedóó,€(Tenn.,ÍJan.€6,€1997),€this€court€held€that€an€indictment€that€alleged€the€defendant€"'didÏunlawfully€sexually€penetrate€[M.H.]€a€person€less€that€thirteen€(13)€years€ofÏage'"€was€"fatally€defective€because€[the€indictment]€does€not€allege€that€heÏsexually€penetrated€M.H.€intentionally,€knowingly,€or€recklessly."€Çà àà àThe€provisions€of€both€the€Federal€and€Tennessee€ConstitutionsÏguarantee€the€criminally€accused€knowledge€of€"the€nature€and€cause€of€theÏaccusation."€€U.S.€Const.€amend.€VI;€Tenn.€Const.€art.€I,€ðð€9.€€In€order€to€complyÏwith€these€constitutional€guidelines,€an€indictment€or€presentment€must€provideÏnotice€of€the€offense€charged,€adequate€grounds€upon€which€a€proper€judgmentÏmay€be€entered,€and€suitable€protection€against€double€jeopardy.€€òòState€v.ÏPerkinsonóó,€867€S.W.2d€1,€5€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1992)€(citing€òòState€v.€Byrdóó,€820ÏS.W.2d€739€(Tenn.€1991)€and€òòState€v.€Pearceóó,€7€Tenn.€66€(1823)).€€€TheÏtraditional€rule€is€that€when€the€indictment€or€presentment€fails€to€fully€state€theÏcrime,€all€subsequent€proceedings€are€void.€€òòState€v.€Morganóó,€598€S.W.2d€796,Ï797€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1979).€€Failure€to€specifically€allege€an€essential€elementÏof€the€offense,€however,€is€not€fatal€"if€the€elements€are€necessarily€implied€fromÏthe€allegations€made."€€òòState€v.€Marshallóó,€870€S.W.2d€532,€538€(Tenn.€Crim.ÏApp.€1993).€€"[T]he€waiver€rule€does€not€apply€when€the€indictment€fails€toÏassert€an€essential€element€of€the€offense.€€In€that€circumstance,€no€offense€hasÏbeen€charged.€€In€consequence,€subsequent€proceedings€are€a€nullity."€ÏòòPerkinsonóó,€867€S.W.2d€at€6.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€was€convicted€of€aggravated€sexual€battery.€€TheÏstatute€defines€the€offense€as€the€"unlawful€sexual€contact€with€a€victim€by€theÍdefendant€or€the€defendant€by€a€victim,"€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„504(a),Ïwhere€the€"[t]he€victim€is€less€than€thirteen€(13)€years€of€age."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ïðð€39„13„502(a)(4).€€€ÌÌà àà à"Sexual€contact"€includes€the€following:ÌÒ ä ÒÒ X ÒÒ ä ÒÒ  ÒòòÓÓ[I]ntentionalóó€touching€of€the€victim's,€the€defendant's,€orÏany€other€person's€intimate€parts,€or€the€òòintentionalóóÏtouching€of€the€clothing€covering€the€immediate€area€ofÏthe€victim's,€the€defendant's,€or€any€other€person'sÏintimate€parts,€if€that€òòintentionalóó€touching€can€beÏreasonably€construed€as€being€for€the€purpose€ofÏsexual€arousal€or€gratification.ÌÌÒ 4 ÒÒ  ÒÒ 4 ÒÒ X ÒÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„501(6)€(emphasis€added).€€The€terms€of€theseÏstatutes,€therefore,€expressly€provide€the€requisite€culpable€mental€state€ofÏ"intentional"€for€the€element€of€sexual€contact;€yet€the€statutory€scheme€neitherÏprescribes€nor€"plainly€dispenses"€with€the€culpable€mental€state€as€to€theÏremaining€element,€which€is€met€here€by€proving€the€victim€was€less€thanÏthirteen€(13)€years€of€age.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„502(a)(4).€€"If€the€definitionÏof€an€offense€within€this€title€does€not€plainly€dispense€with€a€mental€element,Ïintent,€knowledge,€or€recklessness€suffices€to€establish€the€culpable€mentalÏstate."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„301(c).€€The€mens€rea€for€the€victim's€beingÏunder€thirteen€(13)€years€of€age€must€be€intentional,€knowing,€or€reckless.€€òòSeeóóÏòòState€v.€Parkeróó,€887€S.W.2d€825,€827€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€€Thus,€toÍsufficiently€allege€the€elements€of€aggravated€sexual€battery,€the€indictment€mustÏallege€or€necessarily€imply€that€the€sexual€contact€was€intentional€and€that€theÏdefendant€was€at€least€reckless€with€regard€to€the€victim's€age.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.ÏHowardóó,€926€S.W.2d€579€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996);€òòParkeróó,€887€S.W.2d€at€827Ï(both€discussing€the€elements€of€sexual€battery€and€noting€that€the€differentÏelements€have€different€mens€rea€because€of€the€statutory€definition€of€"sexualÏcontact").ÌÌà àà àThe€indictment€contains€the€following€allegation:€€ÌÓÓà8 àà8 à[The€defendant]€on€October€27,€1991,€...€did€unlawfullyÏengage€in€sexual€contact€with€[the€victim],€a€personÏless€than€thirteen€(13)€years€of€age,€in€violation€ofÏT.C.A.€39„13„504,€against€the€peace€and€dignity€of€theÏState€of€Tennessee.ÌÌÓÓÌà àà àWhile€there€is€no€specific€allegation€of€the€requisite€mens€rea,€weÏfind€that€the€term€"sexual€contact"€does€necessarily€imply€an€intentional€touchingÏof€the€underage€victim.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Marshallóó,€870€S.W.2d€at€538.€€In€òòHillóó,€thisÏcourt€ruled€that€the€term€"unlawful"€does€not€sufficiently€allege€the€mens€rea€ofÏintent.€€òòHillóó,€No.€01C01„9508„CC„00267,€slip€op.€at€6;€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòState€v.ÏNathaniel€Whiteóó,€No.€03C01„9408„CR„00277€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€at€Knoxville,ÏJune€7,€1995).€€"'Unlawfully'€does€not,€in€the€ordinary€use€of€the€term,€connoteÍmental€culpability.€€One€cannot€logically€infer€that€an€accused€acting€'unlawfully'Ïnecessarily€acts€'knowingly.'"€€òòWhiteóó,€slip€op.€at€5.€€Yet€this€court€can€find€thatÏthe€required€mens€rea€of€intent€is€necessarily€implied€in€this€indictment.€€At€theÏtime€of€the€indictment,€aggravated€sexual€battery€was€defined,€in€pertinent€part,Ïas€"unlawful€òòsexual€contactóó€with€a€victim€by€the€defendant€or€the€defendant€byÏa€victim€...€[where€t]he€victim€is€less€than€thirteen€(13)€years€of€age."€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðððð€39„13„504(a)€and€39„13„502(a)(4)(1991)(emphasis€added).€€When€thisÏdefinition€is€read€in€conjunction€with€the€statute€defining€sexual€contact,€it€isÏapparent€that€a€mental€element€is€necessarily€implied€in€the€offense.€€BecauseÏsexual€contact€is€defined€as€intentional€touching,€the€mens€rea€is€€necessarilyÏimplied.€€We€view€this€case€as€being€distinguished€from€òòHillóó,€where€theÏindictment€alleged€unlawful€sexual€penetration.€€The€statutory€definition€of€sexualÏpenetration€does€not€include€any€mens€rea;€thus,€a€reference€to€sexualÏpenetration,€as€statutorily€defined,€does€not€imply€the€mens€rea.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€39„13„501(7).€€ÌÌà àà àAn€indictment€must:€€(1)€inform€the€defendant€of€the€specificÏcharges,€(2)€enable€the€trial€court€to€enter€an€appropriate€judgment€andÏsentence;€and€(3)€protect€the€defendant€against€double€jeopardy.€€òòState€v.ÏTrustyóó,€919€S.W.2d€305,€309€(Tenn.€1996).€€This€indictment€meets€all€three€ofÍthose€demands.€€The€transcript€of€the€submission€hearing€establishes€that€theÏdefendant€was€fully€and€completely€aware€of€the€charges,€his€panoply€ofÏconstitutional€rights,€and€the€likely€sentence.€€The€record€demonstrates€not€only€aÏknowing€and€voluntary€plea€but€also€a€full€understanding€of€the€nature€of€theÏcharges.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€next€contends€that€the€sentence€was€excessive.€ÏOur€prior€opinion€contained€the€following€factual€summary:€ÌÒ ä ÒÒ X ÒÒ ä ÒÒ  ÒÓÓThe€victim€was€a€child€less€than€thirteen€(13)€years€ofÏage.€€The€appellee€held€the€child€in€his€lap€andÏopened€up€a€pornographic€magazine.€€He€apparentlyÏplaced€his€hand€inside€the€child's€pants€and€fondledÏthe€genital€area€of€the€child.ÌÌÓÓÒ 4 ÒÒ  ÒÒ 4 ÒÒ X ÒòòJonesóó,€No.€02C01„9304„CR„00076,€slip€op.€at€2„3.€€The€range€for€aggravatedÏsexual€battery€is€eight€to€twelve€years.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„112(a)(2).€€The€sole€enhancement€factor€found€by€the€trial€judge€was€Ô% € Ôthat€theÏdefendant€had€a€previous€history€of€criminal€convictions€or€criminal€behavior€inÏaddition€to€that€necessary€to€establish€his€appropriate€range.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„35„114(1).€€The€defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€the€useÏof€this€factor€because€the€defendant's€only€prior€conviction€was€a€misdemeanor.€€€ÌÌà àà àWhen€there€is€a€challenge€to€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€serviceÍof€a€sentence,€it€is€the€duty€of€this€court€to€conduct€a€de€novo€review€with€aÏpresumption€that€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€€€This€presumption€is€"conditioned€upon€theÏaffirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencingÏprinciples€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances."€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823ÏS.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991);€€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€597Ï(Tenn.€1994).€€€The€Sentencing€Commission€Comments€provide€that€the€burdenÏis€on€the€defendant€to€show€the€impropriety€of€the€sentence.€Our€review€requiresÏan€analysis€of€(1)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€and€sentencingÏhearing;€€(2)€the€presentence€report;€€(3)€the€principles€of€sentencing€and€theÏarguments€of€counsel€relative€to€sentencing€alternatives;€€(4)€the€nature€andÏcharacteristics€of€the€offense;€(5)€any€mitigating€or€enhancing€factors;€€(6)€anyÏstatements€made€by€the€defendant€in€his€own€behalf;€€and€(7)€the€defendant'sÏpotential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„102,€„103,Ïand€„210;€òòseeóó€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€735€S.W.2d€859,€863€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€ÌÌà àà àIn€calculating€the€sentence€for€felony€convictions,€the€presumptiveÏsentence€is€the€minimum€within€the€range€if€there€are€no€enhancement€orÏmitigating€factors.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(c).€€€òòBut€seeóó€1995€Tenn.€€Pub.ÏActs€ch.€493€(amending€the€statute€effective€July€1,€1995,€to€make€theÍpresumptive€sentence€in€a€Class€A€felony€the€midpoint€in€the€range).€€€If€thereÏare€enhancement€factors€but€no€mitigating€factors,€the€trial€court€may€set€theÏsentence€above€the€minimum.€€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(d).€€€A€sentenceÏinvolving€both€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€requires€an€assignment€ofÏrelative€weight€for€the€enhancement€factors€as€a€means€of€increasing€theÏsentence.€€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210.€€€The€sentence€may€then€be€reducedÏwithin€the€range€by€any€weight€assigned€to€the€mitigating€factors€present.€€€òòIdóó.€ÌÌà àà àThe€pre„sentencing€report€indicates€that€the€defendant's€priorÏmisdemeanor€conviction€was€for€showing€pornography€to€minors.€€At€theÏsentencing€hearing,€the€psychiatric€report€provided€by€the€defendantÏacknowledged€"numerous€other€contacts€with€children€seven€to€nine€years€ofÏage€of€a€similar€nature€...."€ÌÌà àà àThis,€in€our€view,€would€have€warranted€the€application€of€theÏenhancement€factor.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(1).€€Given€the€nature€ofÏthe€prior€misdemeanor€and€given€the€defendant's€admission€that€he€hadÏengaged€in€this€type€of€criminal€behavior€"numerous"€times,€this€enhancedÏsentence€is€entirely€appropriate.€€ÌÌà àà àAccordingly,€the€judgment€is€affirmed.€ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà à________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àGary€R.€Wade,€JudgeÌÇCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌWilliam€M.€Barker,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ_______________________________ÌJerry€L.€Smith,€JudgeÌà àà àà àà àà à