ÿWPC˜ RŠ ¸¤pfºé¹zîugÀæˆ{à9‚‹÷'1tùëià•²1÷Të3LNñóÇ1sýº¸ê/wÙ+ñòFÂÈ}¶aÕ(W¯r^G_¢+½˜–&'+_s3 Šáš èÓÏSNµÕå;Ž%¥·'ì"Ä(¨%*d–RV ÜÑû‘v _ƒròW»ÿvåØÇQݵÑÌŒåŽ Æ^ª¥V»«Ôã²Aþïlm3QúÀŽˆ†ÎÛŒ.¼Þ'FûOU×M«@m*iO3‰§Š¦âmÃqâ]Ä~ŽKUYÞQOÉÈåv B7Ùò±ý¨] ,K—Ç9~ŒÚó5„¨Ä¿wÖ´áú ¢é©ôÃÛ8X>áýr÷ƒ¥kaï¼)–§¤Bõ¬O!Dròq@ÅÛ3‡ÚKÝÚ_R(É w@a\\ó1ñ 0²¡GçyßëŸ5œÂNô<é{Øý¹?{tÄüw"g*ÚÚ~›X†Ó˶ùò( až–¢R’’õñ<±Š+RúïúŽÌN,Mû:ÅK§H Ř}‰ » U#zunBPåãîE»Ý ä7•éѾIDUL'ÿõ÷ è^é—.õa‹U¾]q%£ÎÞM1ôï¼3uCÑs­Z¬+…# F UNQ %Ÿ 0(¥ w@Í 4 ! è0 0ˆ 0D  U:ä U: ÕX -U:5U:o©U:ÈU:é<U:%%%%%%%%%% B___________ D3||| 0D¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ AOóÆBB 0D D/L B{˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÎ'Ör Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ ªR«R¬­D®¯D°±²Ó€¼uM%3|xà ÞÔ€ XÈ·XXXÔÔ€ ÓX XÈ·ÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€ XÈ·X ÓÔÐ  ÐÌJanuary€14,€1999ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó(8(2«€$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒø°ÒÒX°Òà P àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular, øð AZ"Arial Regular ËÝ ƒ «€$ÝÒø°ÒÒX°Òà P àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€X0¢XXXÔÔ€ô ìôXX0¢ÔThe€first€four€criteria€are€found€in€òòGrayóó.€€The€fifth€category€in€òòGrayóó,€based€on€a€specificÐ `  Ðnumber€of€prior€felony€convictions,€may€enhance€the€sentence€range€but€is€no€longer€a€listed€criterion.€ÏòòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115,€Sentencing€Commission€Comments., øð AZ"Arial Regular,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ý ƒ «€$ÝÒø°ÒÒX°Òà P àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€XÈ·XXXÔÔ‡ X¶+XXXÈ·ÔÔ‡ ôê¶ôX X¶+ÔIt€is€the€policy€of€this€court€to€withhold€the€names€of€minors€subjected€to€sexual€abuse.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular, øð AZ"Arial Regular ßÔ€XÈ·XXXÔÔ€ÓXXÈ·ÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€XÈ·XÓÔÐ  ÐÌDecember€21,€1998ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular d'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýñ²ñ›ñ²ñÑ` °ÑÒX°ÒÒ4°ÒÑܰÑÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓ  ÓòòÔ€X¶+XXXÔÔ‡XÈ·XXX¶+ÔÑ7€!ZXXdìdÈ7Ññ¼ññ²ñßr€*<,(j 8` `€€@E f ` 8ttxPX` ð  rßñ²ññ¼ññ¼ñßr€*<,(j 8` `€€@E f ` 8ttxPX` ð  rßñ¼ññ²ñ›ñ²ñIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEóóÐ `  Ðà@@ÚÚ0ÚàòòÌAT€NASHVILLEóóÐ , Ì ÐÌSEPTEMBER€1998€SESSIONÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à ” àà ì à*à D àC.C.A.€NO.€¢01C01„9802„CC„00091£€Ð 0 ÐÌà Œ àAPPELLEE,à < àà ” àà ì à*à D à¢MAURY£€COUNTYÐ \ü  ÐÌ¢VS£.à Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì à*à D àHon.€Robert€L.€Jones¢£,€JudgeÐ (È  ÐÌà0 Œ àà 4 àCLESSIE€T.€JACO,à < àà ” àà ì à*à D à(Attempted€Rape„Two€Counts¢£)à ü! àà T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ àà @T$ à€Ðô” Œ €%Œ €% ÐÌà Œ àAPPELLANT.Ô#†X¶+XXXÈ·à#ÔÔ‡XÈ·XXX¶+Ôà ” àà ì à*à D àÐ À` Ðà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àÌà Œ àà ä àÌòòÌÌFor€Appellantóó:à < àà ” àà ì àà D àòòFor€Appelleeóó:Ð $Ä ÐÌ¢William€Carter€Conwayà ” à£à ì àà D à¢John€Knox€Walkup£Ð ð Ð236€Court€Square,€Suite€205à ì àà D àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ Öv ÐFranklin,€TN€€37064à ” àà ì àà D à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÐ ¼ \ Ðà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à¢Kim€R.€Helper£Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àMike€BottomsÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àP.O.€Box€459Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àLawrenceburg,€TN€€38464à ¤ àà ü! à€Ð ž*>!% ÐÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àLawrence€R.€Nickell,€Jr.Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àAssistant€District€Attorney€General€Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àP.O.€Box€1619Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àColumbia,€TN€€38402ÌÌà Œ àà ä àà < àÌÌOPINION€FILED:€€____________________ÌÌÌÌAFFIRMED€€ÌÌÌÌGARY€R.€WADE,€PRESIDING€JUDGEÔ#†X¶+XXXÈ·3#ÔòòÐ ä9„06 ÐÓ  Óò òÓÓÐ  Ê:j17 ÐÑ7€!ZXXdìXXdì7ÑOPINIONóóó óÐ `  ÐÓÛÓà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant,€Clessie€T.€Jaco,€entered€pleas€of€guilt€to€two€counts€ofÏattempted€rape,€a€Class€C€felony.€€The€trial€court€imposed€a€Range€I€sentence€of€sixÏyears€as€to€each€count€to€be€served€consecutively.€€In€this€appeal€of€right,€theÏdefendant€raises€the€following€issues:€ÌÒXÒÒä 4ÒÓÓ(I)€œñ±ñ€ñ±ñwhether›€the€trial€court€properly€rejected€theÏdefendantððs€request€for€alternative€sentencing;€Ìand€ÌÌ(II)€œñ°ñ€ñ°ñwhether›€the€trial€court€erred€by€imposing€consecutiveÏsentences.ÌÌÒ4ä ¶ÒÒX¨ÒÓÄÓÌà Œ àà ä àWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àDuring€the€summer€of€1995,€S.J.,Ô‡ X¶+XXX¶+Ô׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€the€œthirteenñ¬ñ„ñ¬ññ­ñ›€ñ­ñyearñ®ñ„ñ®ññ¯ñ›€ñ¯ñold›€niece€of€theÐ ð Ðdefendant,€moved€into€the€residence€of€the€defendant€and€his€wife.€€Ô#†X¶+XX X¶+Z#ÔDuring€the€firstÐ Ð p Ðweek€of€August€in€1995,€the€defendant€engaged€in€oral€sex€with€S.J.€€A€few€daysÏlater,€he€had€sexual€intercourse€with€her.€€The€convictions€were€based€upon€theseÏtwo€incidents.€€€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant,€forty€years€of€age,€had€been€married€nearly€twentyÏyears€at€the€time€of€the€sentencing€hearing.€€He€and€his€wife€have€three€children.€ÏThe€defendant€has€a€tenth€grade€education€and€works€as€a€painter,€roofer,Ïcarpenter€and€repairs€mobile€homes.€€He€earns€approximately€$20,000€to€$24,000€aÏyear,€much€of€which€is€required€for€the€support€of€his€family.€€The€defendant€servedÏin€the€National€Guard€for€about€a€year€and€received€an€honorable€discharge.€€ÌÐ p5,/ Ðà Œ àà ä à€The€defendant€contended€that€the€victim€had€been€affectionate€andÐ r5,1 Ðpursued€him€to€some€degree€during€the€period€before€the€two€sexual€encounters.€ÏHis€pretrial€statement€to€Deputy€Mike€Diaz€and€Detective€Michelle€Jones,€€however,Ïcontradicted€that€assertion.€€The€defendant€admitted€to€the€officers€that€he€hadÏcontinually€pressured€the€victim€for€sex€to€the€point€that€the€victim€had€called€his€wifeÏat€work.€€He€acknowledged€that€he€had€wanted€oral€sex€with€the€victim,€€"First€oneÏthing,€then€another."€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant€testified€that€he€knew€the€wrongfulness€of€his€actionsÏand€felt€remorse.€€He€exhibited€remorse€immediately€upon€the€discovery€of€theÏcrimes€by€his€wife€and€the€Department€of€Human€Services.€€When€confronted,€theÏdefendant€expressed€thoughts€of€suicide.€€Afterward,€the€defendant€soughtÏprofessional€psychiatric€counseling€at€the€Tennessee€Christian€Medical€Center.€€HeÏwas€prescribed€some€medication€and€received€some€counseling€which€heÏdiscontinued€after€one€week.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€defendantððs€prior€criminal€record€consists€of€a€public€intoxicationÏconviction€and€citations€for€traffic€violations.€€The€defendant€also€admitted€to€havingÏused€marijuana€although€he€had€no€convictions€of€that€crime.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àDarlene€Jaco,€the€wife€of€the€defendant,€described€her€husband€as€aÏworkaholic€and€a€good€father€to€his€three€children.€€She€testified€that€her€husbandÏnever€abused€alcohol€but€conceded€that€he€did€occasionally€use€marijuana€againstÏher€wishes,€although€not€in€the€presence€of€the€children€in€the€home.€€€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àMs.€Jaco€recalled€that€the€victim's€father,€who€had€been€divorced,€had€Ïasked€if€she€and€her€husband€would€take€custody€of€the€victim€so€that€she€wouldÏhave€a€stable€home.€€She€testified€that€she€had€noticed€the€victim's€affectionateÐ 8¸.4 Ðbehavior€toward€the€defendant€and€was€concerned€about€the€possibilities.€€Ms.€JacoÏstated€that€she€had€talked€to€a€social€worker€several€times€before€the€August€1995Ïoccurences€and€that€the€victim€and€the€defendant€assured€her€and€the€social€workerÏnothing€was€going€to€happen.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àWhen€the€sexual€acts€occurred,€the€victim€called€Ms.€Jaco€at€work.€ÏWhen€Ms.€Jaco€arrived€at€her€residence,€the€defendant€told€her€he€wanted€to€killÏhimself€for€the€things€he€had€said€to€the€victim.€€Unaware€of€what€had€transpired,ÏMs.€Jaco€took€the€defendant€to€the€hospital€to€receive€counseling.€€She€did€not€knowÏwhat€had€actually€occurred€until€the€defendant€was€arrested.€€Apparently,€the€victimÏhad€remained€silent€until€the€defendant€had€confessed€to€the€doctors€and€police.€ÏThe€victim€was€removed€from€the€Jaco€household€before€the€defendant€was€allowedÏto€return.€€Ms.€Jaco€and€the€defendant€have€continued€to€live€together€since€thatÏtime.ÌÌà Œ àà ä à€Ms.€Jaco€described€the€defendant€as€remorseful.€€She€testified€thatÏthe€week€of€psychiatric€treatment€seemed€to€help€her€husband€and€she€believedÏthat€he€could€have€used€even€more€counseling.€€Ms.€Jaco€stated€that€the€defendantÏdiscontinued€his€use€of€the€anti„depressant€because€it€caused€his€testicles€to€swell.€ÏShe€testified€that€there€has€been€no€contact€between€the€victim€and€the€defendantÏsince€the€crimes.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àNeal€Jaco,€an€older€brother,€described€the€defendant€as€a€hard€workerÏand€a€good€father.€€He€testified€that€the€defendant€had€done€various€jobs€for€himÏincluding€re„building€some€houses€and€a€grocery€store.€€He€stated€that€theÏdefendant€worked€long€hours€and€completed€his€jobs€in€a€workmanlike€manner.ÏNeal€Jaco€estimated€he€had€paid€the€defendant€approximately€$12,000€for€his€workÐ 8¸.4 Ðduring€the€prior€year€and€had€more€work€for€him€to€do€in€the€future.€€Also€he€statedÏthat€he€had€noticed€the€victim€was€"all€over"€the€defendant€in€a€way€that€was€notÏproper€for€a€thirteen„year„old.€€He€described€the€victim€as€having€been€overtlyÏaffectionate€on€one€occassion.€ÌÌÓ  ÓIÌÓ  Óà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant's€first€complaint€is€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€denyingÏan€alternative€sentence.€€He€argues€that€the€trial€court€did€not€properly€consider€theÏdefendant€as€a€candidate€for€probation€and/or€community€corrections.ÌÌà Œ àà ä àWhen€there€is€a€challenge€to€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€service€ofÏa€sentence,€it€is€the€duty€of€this€court€to€conduct€a€de€novo€review€with€aÏpresumption€that€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€Ô‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔððÔ#†X0¢XX X0¢†'#Ô€40„35„401(d).€€This€presumption€is€"conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showingÐ ¼ \ Ðin€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevantÏfacts€and€circumstances."€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€TheÐ T$ô ÐSentencing€Commission€Comments€provide€that€the€burden€is€on€the€defendant€toÏshow€the€impropriety€of€the€sentence.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àOur€review€requires€an€analysis€of€(1)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€atÏthe€trial€and€the€sentencing€hearing;€(2)€the€presentence€report;€(3)€the€principles€ofÏsentencing€and€the€arguments€of€counsel€relative€to€sentencing€alternatives;€(4)€theÏnature€and€characteristics€of€the€offense;€(5)€any€mitigating€or€enhancing€factors;€(6)Ïany€statements€made€by€the€defendant€in€his€own€behalf;€and€(7)€the€defendant'sÏpotential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔððÔ#†X0¢XX X0¢\+#Ô€40„35„102,€„103,€and€„Ð €4 +0 Ð210;€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€735€S.W.2d€859,€863€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).Ð L6ì,2 ÐÐ 8¸.4 Ðà Œ àà ä àAmong€the€factors€applicable€to€the€defendant's€application€forÏprobation€are€the€circumstances€of€the€offense,€the€defendant's€criminal€record,Ïsocial€history,€and€present€condition,€and€the€deterrent€effect€upon€and€best€interestÏof€the€defendant€and€the€public.€€òòState€v.€Grearóó,€568€S.W.2d€285,€286€(Tenn.€1978).Ð Äd ÐÌà Œ àà ä àEspecially€mitigated€or€standard€offenders€convicted€of€Class€C,€D,€orÏE€felonies€are€presumed€to€be€favorable€candidates€"for€alternative€sentencingÏoptions€in€the€absence€of€evidence€to€the€contrary."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔððÔ#†X0¢XX X0¢¢.#Ô€40„35„Ð ô”  Ð102(6).€€With€certain€statutory€exceptions,€none€of€which€apply€here,€probation€mustÏbe€automatically€considered€by€the€trial€court€if€the€sentence€imposed€is€eight€yearsÏor€less.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔððÔ#†X0¢XX X0¢É/#Ô€40„35„303(a),€(b).€€Ð Xø Ðà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àThe€purpose€of€the€Community€Corrections€Act€of€1985€was€to€provideÏan€alternative€means€of€punishment€for€"selected,€nonviolent€felony€offenders€inÏfront-end€community€based€alternatives€to€incarceration."€€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40-36-103.€€The€Community€Corrections€sentence€provides€a€desired€degree€ofÏflexibility€that€may€be€both€beneficial€to€the€defendant€yet€serve€legitimate€societalÏaims.€€€òòState€v.€Griffithóó,€787€S.W.2d€340,€342€(Tenn.€1990).€€That€the€defendantÐ ì'Œ" Ðmeets€the€minimum€requirements€of€the€Community€Corrections€Act€of€1985,Ïhowever,€does€not€mean€that€he€is€entitled€to€be€sentenced€under€the€Act€as€aÏmatter€of€law€or€right.€€€òòState€v.€Tayloróó,€744€S.W.2d€919€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€Ð P-ð#( ÐThe€following€offenders€are€eligible€for€Community€Corrections:ÌÒXÒÒä 4ÒÓÓ(1)€Persons€who,€without€this€option,€would€beÏincarcerated€in€a€correctional€institution;ÌÌ(2)€Persons€who€are€convicted€of€property-related,€orÏdrug/alcohol-related€felony€offenses€or€other€felonyÏoffenses€not€involving€crimes€against€the€person€asÏprovided€in€title€39,€chapter€2€[repealed],€parts€1-3€andÏ5-7€or€title€39,€chapter€13,€parts€1-5;ÌÌ(3)€Persons€who€are€convicted€of€nonviolent€felonyÐ þ8ž/5 Ðoffenses;ÌÌ(4)€Persons€who€are€convicted€of€felony€offenses€inÏwhich€the€use€or€possession€of€a€weapon€was€notÏinvolved;ÌÌ(5)€Persons€who€do€not€demonstrate€a€present€or€pastÏpattern€of€behavior€indicating€violence;ÌÌ(6)€Persons€who€do€not€demonstrate€a€pattern€ofÏcommitting€violent€offenses;€€andÌÌ(7)€Persons€who€are€sentenced€to€incarceration€or€onÏescape€at€the€time€of€consideration€will€not€be€eligible.€€ÌÌÒ4ä ±3ÒÒX£3ÒÓ¿3ÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€40-36-106(a).Ìà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àIn€denying€alternative€sentencing,€the€trial€judge€stated:ÌÓÓÒä 4ÒÒXÒOutright€probation€in€this€case€would€certainly€depreciateÏthe€seriousness€of€this€offense.€€Even€if€there€was€noÏcoercive€element€...,€this€still€would€have€amounted€to€theÏoffense€of€incest€....€€So€even€if€you€give€the€defendantÏthe€benefit€of€the€doubt€...,€the€bottom€line€is€this€was€aÏreprehensible€offense€by€an€uncle€against€his€niece€thatÏhe€sought€custody€of€very€aggressively€for€the€two€orÏthree€months€preceding€this€early€August€event€in€1995.ÌÌÒ4ä ð7ÒÒXþ7ÒÓÓÌà Œ àà ä àÔ‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔThe€trial€judge€considered€the€defendant's€lack€of€a€prior€criminalÐ  &À  Ðrecord€but€ruled€that,€"violators€of€the€law€[must]€be€punished€so€as€to€create€anÏeffective€general€deterrent€to€others€that€might€be€inclined€to€commit€similarÏoffenses."€€Ô#†X0¢XX X0¢':#ÔÐ „+$"& ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€nature€and€circumstances€of€the€offense€may€often€be€soÏegregious€as€to€preclude€the€grant€of€probation.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Poeóó,€614€S.W.2d€403Ð è0ˆ', Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1981).€€Here,€the€defendant€had€two€sexual€encounters€with€hisÏthirteen„year„old€niece.€€He€accepted€and€abused€a€position€of€private€trust.€ÏMoreover,€while€the€defendant€did€express€remorse€for€his€actions,€he€placed€aÏportion€of€the€blame€on€the€victim.€€This€suggests€the€defendant€is€not€entirely€ableÐ 8¸.4 Ðto€accept€full€responsibility€for€his€actions;€full€acceptance€is,€of€course,€a€betterÏindication€of€amenability€to€rehabilitation.€€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔððÔ#†X0¢XX X0¢E>#Ô€40„35„103.€€Ð , Ì ÐÌà Œ àà ä àÔ‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔAlternative€sentencing€issues€must€be€determined€by€the€facts€andÐ Äd Ðcircumstances€of€the€individual€case.€€òòState€v.€Mossóó,€727€S.W.2d€229,€235€(Tenn.Ð 0 Ð1986).€€"[E]ach€case€must€be€bottomed€upon€its€own€facts."€€òòState€v.€Tayloróó,€744Ð \ü  ÐS.W.2d€919,€922€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).Ô#†X0¢XX X0¢Æ>#Ô€€Because€sentencing€requires€anÐ (È  Ðindividualized,€case€by€case€approach,€that€method€of€analysis€necessarilyÏembodies€the€exercise€of€discretion€at€the€trial€court€level.€€òòSeeóó€òòMossóó,€727€S.W.2dÐ À` Ðat€235;€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€Thus,€there€is€aÐ Œ, Ðsound€basis€for€the€presumptive€correctness€standard€of€appellate€review:ÌÒXÒÒä 4ÒÓÓà < àIt€is€not€the€policy€of€this€Court€to€place€trial€judgesÏin€a€judicial€strai[gh]t„jacket€in€this€or€any€other€area,€andÏwe€are€always€reluctant€to€interfere€with€their€traditionalÏdiscretionary€powers.ÌÌÒ4ä BÒÒX BÒÓÓòòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€171.€€That€principle€prevails€here€on€the€matter€of€probation.€Ð ¢!B ÐIn€our€view,€the€trial€court€acted€within€its€discretion€in€denying€probation.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àThe€trial€court€judge€did€not€address€the€possibility€of€the€CommunityÏCorrections€Program€upon€denying€probation.€€Nevertheless,€the€defendant€is€notÏeligible€for€Community€Corrections€because€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔððÔ#†X0¢XX X0¢ïD#Ô€40„36„106(2)Ð ž*>!% Ðprecludes€those€convicted€of€crimes€against€a€person€under€title€39,€chapter€13,Ïparts€1„5€from€participating€in€the€program.ÌÌÓ  ÓIIÌÓ  Óà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant€also€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€imposingÏconsecutive€sentences.€€The€state€argues€that€the€defendant€waived€his€right€toÏappeal€the€consecutive€sentencing€because€it€was€a€condition€of€the€pleaÏagreement.€€Ð þ8ž/5 Ðñ ñà Œ àñ ñ‡à Œ àà ä àRegarding€the€issue€of€waiver,€the€state€submits€that€there€was€aÏnegotiated€plea€agreement€with€the€defendant€in€which€he€agreed€to€the€impositionÏof€consecutive€sentences€stemming€from€his€plea€to€two€counts€of€attempted€rape.€ÏThe€defendant€did€not€respond€to€the€state's€waiver€argument;€instead,€he€chose€toÏsimply€argue€the€issue€on€the€merits.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àÔ‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔThe€record€does€not€contain€the€plea€agreement€or€a€transcript€of€theÐ (È  Ðsubmission€hearing.€€It€is€apparent,€however,€that€consecutive€sentencing€was€partÏof€the€plea€agreement.€€During€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€following€exchangeÏoccurred:ÌÒXÒÒä 4ÒÓÓTHE€COURT:€The€agreement€in€this€case€as€IÏunderstand€it€was€for€a€six€year€sentence€on€each€countÏand€with€them€to€run€consecutively€for€a€total€effectiveÏpackage€of€a€twelve€year€sentence;€is€that€correct?ÌÌMR.€NICKELL€[State's€attorney]:€€Yes,€sir.ÌÌMR.€CONWAY€[Defense€attorney]:€Correct.€ÌÌÒ4ä áIÒÒXÓIÒÓïIÓÌà Œ àÔ#†X0¢XX X0¢¯H#Ôà ä àIn€our€view,€the€defendant€waived€his€right€to€appeal€consecutiveÐ :%Ú Ðsentencing.€€òòState€v.€McKissackóó,€917€S.W.2d€714,€715€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€Ð '¦! ÐRule€3(b)(2),€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.,€provides€as€follows:¹Òä 4ÒÒXÒÓÓòòIn€criminal€actions€an€appeal€as€of€right€by€a€defendantÐ ž*>!% Ðlies€from€any€judgment€of€conviction€entered€by€a€trialÏcourtóó€...€òòon€a€plea€of€guiltyóó€...€òòif€the€defendant€seeksÐ j, #' Ðreview€€of€his€sentence€and€there€was€no€plea€agreementÏconcerning€the€sentenceóó,€or€if€the€issues€presented€forÐ 6.Ö$) Ðreview€were€not€waived€as€a€matter€of€law€by€the€plea€ofÏguilty€or€nolo€contendre€and€if€such€issues€are€apparentÏfrom€the€record€of€the€proceedings€already€had.ÌÌÒ4ä ’LÒÒX LÒ(Emphasis€added).€€Rule€37(b)(2),€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.,€would€also€bar€relief:Ìà Œ àà ä àà < à¹Òä 4ÒÒXÒ(b)€When€an€Appeal€Lies.€€An€appeal€lies€from€any€orderÏor€judgment€in€a€criminal€proceeding€where€the€lawÏprovides€for€such€appeal,€and€from€any€judgment€ofÏconviction:ÌÓ  Ó***ÌÓ&PÓ(2)€upon€a€plea€of€guilty€or€nolo€contendre€if:Ð þ8ž/5 ЇÓ  Ó***à @< àÌÓ‹PÓà < à(ii)€òòdefendant€seeks€review€of€the€sentence€setÐ F æ Ðand€there€was€no€plea€agreement€under€Rule€11(e)óó.Ð , Ì ÐÒ4ä `OÒÒXnOÒà Œ àà ä àÌÓÓ(Emphasis€added).€The€defendant€cannot€now€complain€of€a€sentence€to€which€heÏhad€agreed€as€part€of€his€plea€bargain€agreement€with€the€state.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.Ï3(b);€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€37(b)(2)(ii).€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àEven€if€this€court€were€to€address€the€correctness€of€consecutiveÏsentencing,€we€would€hold€that€consecutive€sentencing€would€have€been€warrantedÏby€these€circumstances.€€Prior€to€the€enactment€of€the€Criminal€Sentencing€ReformÏAct€of€1989,€the€limited€classifications€for€the€imposition€of€consecutive€sentencesÏwere€set€out€in€òòGray€v.€Stateóó,€538€S.W.2d€391,€393€(Tenn.€1976).€€In€that€case,€ourÐ Xø Ðsupreme€court€ruled€that€aggravating€circumstances€must€be€present€beforeÏplacement€in€any€one€of€the€classifications.€€Later,€in€òòState€v.€Tayloróó,€739€S.W.2dÐ ð Ð227€(Tenn.€1987),€the€court€established€an€additional€category€for€those€defendantsÏconvicted€of€two€or€more€statutory€offenses€involving€sexual€abuse€of€minors.€€ThereÏwere,€however,€additional€words€of€caution:€€ÌÒXÒÒä 4ÒÓÓ[C]onsecutive€sentences€should€not€be€routinely€imposedÏ...€and€...€the€aggregate€maximum€of€consecutive€termsÏmust€be€reasonably€related€to€the€severity€of€theÏoffenses€involved.ÌÒ4ä ÈUÒÒXºUÒòòÌÓÓTayloróó,€739€S.W.2d€at€230.€€The€Sentencing€Commission€Comments€adopted€theÐ ž*>!% Ðcautionary€language.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔððÔ#†X0¢XX X0¢^W#Ô€40„35„115.€€The€1989€Act€is,€in€essence,Ð j, #' Ðthe€codification€of€the€holdings€in€òòGrayóó€and€òòTayloróó;€consecutive€sentences€may€beÐ 6.Ö$) Ðimposed€in€the€discretion€of€the€trial€court€only€upon€a€determination€that€one€orÏmore€of€the€following€criteria׃ ×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€exist:Ð Î1n(- Ðñ£ñÒXÒÒä 4Òñ£ññ¤ñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àñ¤ñÓÓ(1)€The€defendant€is€a€professional€criminal€who€hasÏknowingly€devoted€himself€to€criminal€acts€as€a€majorЀ4 +0ä Ð ä Ð  Ðñ¢ñ€ñ¢ññ¥ñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àñ¥ñsource€of€livelihood;Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌñ¦ñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àñ¦ñ(2)€The€defendant€is€an€offender€whose€record€ofÏcriminal€activity€is€extensive;Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌñ§ñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àñ§ñ(3)€The€defendant€is€a€dangerous€mentally€abnormalÏperson€so€declared€by€a€competent€psychiatrist€whoÏconcludes€as€a€result€of€an€investigation€prior€toÏsentencing€that€the€defendantððs€criminal€conduct€hasÏbeen€characterized€by€a€pattern€of€repetitive€orÏcompulsive€behavior€with€heedless€indifference€to€theÏconsequences;Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌñ¨ñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àñ¨ñ(4)€The€defendant€is€a€dangerous€offender€whoseÏbehavior€indicates€little€or€no€regard€for€human€life,€andÏhesitation€about€committing€a€crime€in€which€the€risk€toÏhuman€life€is€high;Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌñ©ñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àñ©ñ(5)€The€defendant€is€convicted€of€two€(2)€or€moreÏstatutory€offenses€involving€sexual€abuse€of€a€minor€withÏconsideration€of€the€aggravating€circumstances€arisingÏfrom€the€relationship€between€the€defendant€and€theÏvictim€or€victims,€the€time€span€of€defendantððsÏundetected€sexual€activity,€the€nature€and€scope€of€theÏsexual€acts€and€the€extent€of€the€residual,€physical€andÏmental€damage€to€the€victim€or€victims;Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌñªñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àñªñ(6)€The€defendant€is€sentenced€for€an€offense€committedÏwhile€on€probation;€orÐ ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà Œ àà ä àà < àÌñ«ñà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àñ«ñ(7)€The€defendant€is€sentenced€for€criminal€contempt.Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðñ£ñÒ4ä ëYÒÒXÓYÒñ£ñÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔððÔ#†X0¢XX X0¢à`#Ô€40„35„115(b).Ð  &À  ÐÌÓÓà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àIn€òòState€v.€Wilkersonóó,€905€S.W.2d€933€(Tenn.€1995),€our€high€courtÐ ¸)X $ Ðruled€that€consecutive€sentences€cannot€be€required€for€any€of€the€classificationsÏ"unless€the€terms€reasonably€relate€to€the€severity€of€the€offenses€committed€andÏare€necessary€in€order€to€protect€the€public€from€further€serious€criminal€conduct€byÏthe€defendant."€€òòId.óó€at€938.€€The€òòWilkersonóó€decision,€which€modified€guidelinesÐ è0ˆ', Ðadopted€in€òòState€v.Woodsóó,€814€S.W.2d€378,€380€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991),Ð ´2T). Ðgoverning€the€sentencing€of€dangerous€offenders,€described€sentencing€as€"aÏhuman€process€that€neither€can€nor€should€be€reduced€to€a€set€of€fixed€orÏmechanical€rules."€€òòWilkersonóó,€905€S.W.2d€at€938€(footnote€omitted).Ð 8¸.4 Їà Œ àà ä à€Because€the€defendant€was€convicted€of€two€statutory€offensesÏinvolving€sexual€abuse€of€a€minor,€the€statutory€basis€for€imposing€a€consecutiveÏsentence€is€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô‡ X0¢XXX0¢ÔððÔ#†X0¢XX X0¢qe#Ô€40„35„115(b)(5).€€The€trial€court€gave€specialÐ ø ˜ Ðconsideration€to€the€relationship€between€the€defendant€and€the€victim€of€the€crimes.€ÏThe€defendant€abused€a€position€of€public€trust€granted€to€him€by€the€state€and€aÏprivate€trust€between€himself€and€the€victim.€€The€trial€court€weighed€this€heavilyÏagainst€the€fact€that€there€was€no€significant€time€span€of€undetected€sexual€activity,Ïthe€nature€and€scope€of€sexual€acts€were€somewhat€limited,€and€there€was€anÏapparent€lack€of€residual,€physical,€and€mental€damage€to€the€victim.€€€€€€Ìà Œ àà ä à€Ìà Œ àà ä àThe€defendant€cites€òòState€v.€Hayesóó,€899€S.W.2d€175,€187€(Tenn.Ð Xø ÐCrim.€App.€1995),€a€case€in€which€the€defendant€was€convicted€of€sexual€battery€forÏfrench€kissing€his€daughter.€€In€òòHayesóó,€one€factor€weighed€in€favor€of€consecutiveÐ ð Ðsentencing€and€other€factors€suggested€otherwise:ÌÒXÒÒä 4ÒÓÓThe€state€stresses€the€fact€that€the€victim€was€theÏdefendantððs€daughter.€€However,€the€circumstances€inÏthis€case€relating€to€the€remaining€factors€to€beÏconsidered€militate€against€the€use€of€subsectionÏ115(b)(5).€€There€was€no€significant€time€span€ofÏundetected€sexual€activity,€the€nature€of€the€criminalÏconduct€was€òònonaggravatedóó,€and€the€extent€of€residualÐ ì'Œ" Ðdamage€to€the€victim€caused€by€the€conduct€is€notÏsufficiently€shown.ÌÌÒ4ä tiÒÒXfiÒÓÓòòIdóó.€at€187€Ô‡ X0¢XXX0¢Ô(emphasis€added)Ô#†X0¢XX X0¢«k#Ô.€€Thus,€this€court€modified€the€judgment€to€provide€forÐ „+$"& Ðconcurrent€sentencing.€€òòButóó€òòseeóó€òòState€v.€Woodcockóó,€922€S.W.2d€904€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð P-ð#( ÐApp.€1995).ÌÌà Œ àà ä àIn€our€view,€the€defendant's€reliance€on€òòHayesóó€is€misplaced.€€AsÐ ´2T). Ðapplied€in€this€case,€the€factors€listed€in€subsection€115(b)(5)€do€not€militate€againstÏconsecutive€sentencing;€they€weigh€in€favor€of€it.€€Here,€the€defendant€wasÏconvicted€of€"two€or€more€statutory€offenses€involving€sexual€abuse€of€a€minor."€Ð 8¸.4 ÐUnlike€òòHayesóó,€the€defendant's€criminal€conduct€in€this€case€was€aggravated€in€that€itÐ `  Ðinvolved€oral€sex€and€intercourse€with€his€niece.€€Even€though€the€time€span€wasÏshort€and€there€was€no€proof€of€emotional€damage€at€the€sentencing€hearing,€theÏfact€that€the€conduct€was€aggravated€should€be€given€substantial€weight.€€Ìà Œ àà ä à€€€€€€Ìà Œ àà ä àIn€this€case,€the€aggregate€sentence€reasonably€relates€to€the€severityÏof€the€offenses.€€The€record€establishes€that€defendant€aggressively€tried€to€gainÏcustody€of€the€victim€in€order€to€help€his€brother.€€The€defendant's€sexualÏmisconduct€began€within€a€month.€€Furthermore,€the€total€sentence€is€necessary€forÏthe€protection€of€the€public€from€further€crimes€by€the€defendant.€€The€record€showsÏthe€defendant,€after€having€oral€sex€with€the€victim,€felt€remorseful€for€what€he€hadÏdone.€€Despite€the€fact€that€he€had€time€to€reflect€on€the€nature€of€his€actions,€heÏengaged€in€sexual€intercourse€with€the€victim.€€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àÌÓÓà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à__________________________________Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àGary€R.€Wade,€Presiding€JudgeÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌThomas€T.€Woodall,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ_______________________________ÌCurwood€Witt,€Judgeà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àà ô à