WPC XP5ta„P$qVb=iߣt'J)ɇgR{{$lV՝T!bԴ*g '!OjIIot =U<)Jf N Y}lN?} t O3Y U-ᶰ Rw/TZM  XXAD   Ad FILEDXAD X >  March2,1999CecilW.CrowsonAppellateCourtClerkdAM ,cAZ"Arial Regular d 'dxd(3$ !  -C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd !  ` 0ZXX&0ZTR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7      r*<,(j 8` `@Ef ` 8ttxP,`  rߛINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE `  ATNASHVILLEJANUARYSESSION,1999  STATEOFTENNESSEE,  )  C.C.A.NO.01C019808CC00326 `  `     h   )  `  ` Appellee,   h   ) `   `     h   ) `     h   )  LAWRENCECOUNTY `  VS. `     h   )   `   `     h   )  HON.WILLIAMR.CAIN  `   BUFORD DOCKJESTER,   )  JUDGE  `  `     h   )  `  ` Appellant.   h   )  (Sentencing)  `    ONAPPEALFROMTHEJUDGMENTOFTHE P CIRCUITCOURTOFLAWRENCECOUNTY  P   FORTHEAPPELLANT: h     FORTHEAPPELLEE: @  JERRYC.COLLEY h     JOHNKNOXWALKUP 0" P.O.Box1476   h     AttorneyGeneralandReporter (# Columbia,TN384021476 `     h     CLINTONJ.MORGANPAULB.PLANT   h     AssistantAttorneyGeneral & P.O.Box399   h     425FifthAvenueNorth ' Lawrenceburg,TN384640399  Nashville,TN372430493 (  `     h     DONSCHWENDIMANN `     h     DistrictAttorneyProTem `     h     P.O.Box366 `     h     Hohenwald,TN38462OPINIONFILED________________________SENTENCEMODIFIED;REMANDEDDAVIDH.WELLES,JUDGE  48+, `   zJ& 7   dXXd7OPINION &zJ     ` AjuryfoundtheDefendantguiltyofaggravatedburglaryandrape.  '=  &      1      כHe   wassentencedtoconcurrenttermsofthreeyearsfortheburglaryandtenyearsfortherape.Inthisappeal,theDefendantarguesthatthetrialjudgeerredbysentencinghimtotenyearsfortherapeconviction.Wemodifythejudgmentandremandtothetrialcourtforfurtherproceedings. ` Wewillbrieflysummarizethefactsaspresentedattrial.Thevictiminthiscasewasthirtyyearsoldwhentheoffenseoccurred.Shewasemployedasaliveinhousekeeperforanelderlymanwhowasapparentlyterminallyillwithcancer.ThevictimwasborntoAmishparentsandhadbeenraisedbytheminanAmishcommunity.SheattendedAmishschoolsuntilshewasfourteenyearsold.ShelefttheAmishcommunityandstoppedlivingintheAmishfaithwhenshewastwentyeightyearsold. ` TheDefendantwasalongtimeneighborandacquaintanceofthemanwithwhomthevictimwasemployedandinwhosehouseshelived.TheDefendantwassixtynineyearsoldatthetimeoftheoffense.Thevictimtestifiedthatonemorning,whileheremployerhadgonetoreceiveadialysistreatment,theDefendantcametothehouseandaskedifheremployerwasthere.ShesaidthatwhenshetoldtheDefendantthathewasnotthere,theDefendantinitiatedaconversationwithher.ShestatedthattheDefendantofferedhersomemoneybutthatshedeclined.Shestatedthatheputa$100billinherhandandhethen v6n/. ranhishandupunderherskirtandpantiesandputhisfingerinhervagina.Shesaidthatshedidnotresisthimbecauseshewasafraidofhim.ShesaidthatafteraboutfiveminutestheDefendanttookherovertothecouch,wherehetookoffherskirtandpanties.Shestatedhethenputhisfingerinhervaginaagain.ShealsosaidtheDefendantpulledherblouseupandput hismouthatmyleftbreast.ShetestifiedthattheincidentonthecouchlastedabouttenminutesandϜtheDefendantneverremovedanyofhisclothing.ShesaidthattheDefendantthenleft,andassoonasheleft,shewentandcalledafriend.Eventually,thepoliceweresummoned,andthevictimwasexaminedbyanursepractitioner,whotestifiedthatthevictimshymenwasstillintactbutthattherewassomerednessandswellinginhergenitalarea. ` TheDefendanttestifiedthathewenttothevictimshouseonthemorninginquestiontoinquireaboutheremployer.HesaidthevictimtoldhimthatheremployerwasnotthereandthattheyhadabriefconversationduringwhichthevictimtoldhimshewasnolongerAmishandthatshehadaboyfriend.Hesaidtheytalkedaboutpeoplethattheybothknewandafewothermatters,andhethenleft.Hetestifiedthattheirentireconversationtookplacewithhimstandinginthedoorwaywiththedooropen.Hedeniedanyphysicalcontactbetweenthemanddeniedthathesexuallyassaultedthevictiminanyway. ` ThejuryfoundtheDefendantguiltyofaggravatedburglary,notguiltyofonecountofrapeaccomplishedbytheuseofforceorcoercion,andguiltyofone countofrapebysexualpenetration accomplishedwithouttheconsentofthe 5.. victim[when]theDefendantknows[knew]or[hasd]reasontoknowatthetimeofthepenetrationthatthevictimdidnotconsent.  '=          2           ` Followingasentencinghearing,thetrialjudgesentencedtheDefendanttotheminimumsentenceofthreeyearsfortheaggravatedburglaryandtothemidrangesentenceoftenyearsfortherape,withthesentencestobeservedconcurrentlyintheDepartmentofCorrection.ItisfromthesentenceorderedbythetrialcourtthattheDefendantappeals.}   ` Whenanaccusedchallengesthelength,range,ormannerofserviceofa PH sentence,thisCourthasadutytoconductadenovoreviewofthesentencewith @8 apresumptionthatthedeterminationsmadebythetrialcourtarecorrect.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d).Thispresumptionis conditionedupontheaffirmativeshowingintherecordthatthetrialcourtconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsandcircumstances.Statev.Ashby,823S.W.2d166,169 # (Tenn.1991). ` Whenconductingadenovoreviewofasentence,thisCourtmust (!" consider:(a)theevidence,ifany,receivedatthetrialandsentencinghearing;(b)thepresentencereport;(c)theprinciplesofsentencingandargumentsastosentencingalternatives;(d)thenatureandcharacteristicsofthecriminalconductinvolved;(e)anystatutorymitigatingorenhancementfactors;(f)anystatementmadebythedefendantregardingsentencing;and(g)thepotentialorlackofpotentialforrehabilitationortreatment.Statev.Smith,735S.W.2d859,863 p4h-. (Tenn.Crim.App.1987);Tenn.CodeAnn.X X}#} XX<"#X X}#} XX"#Ԁ4035102,103,210. `6X/0 Ї ` Ifourreviewreflectsthatthetrialcourtfollowedthestatutorysentencingprocedure,thatthecourtimposedalawfulsentenceafterhavinggivendueconsiderationandproperweighttothefactorsandprinciplessetoutunderthesentencinglaw,andthatthetrialcourtsfindingsoffactareadequatelysupportedbytherecord,thenwemaynotmodifythesentenceevenifwewouldhavepreferredadifferentresult.Statev.Fletcher,805S.W.2d785,789(Tenn.Crim.   App.1991).#  };# `  ` Thepresentencereportreflectsthatatthetimeofsentencing,theDefendantwasseventyyearsold,hadbeenmarriedforfortynineyears,andhadonegrownchild.Hehadlittleformaleducation,havingcompletedonlythesixthgradein1938.Heindicatedthathequitschoolmainlytoworkfulltimeinafarmingoperationtohelpsupporthisfamily.TheDefendantservedforapproximatelytwentyyearsasadeputysheriffinLawrenceCountywhilealsofarming.Hesufferedastrokewhileonthejobasadeputysheriffin1980andretiredshortlythereafter.Hehadatleastoneadditionalstrokeandwaspartiallyparalyzedonhisleftside.Healsosufferedfrom chronicobstructivelungdisease,rheumatoidarthritis,and prostatichypertrophy,whichhasrequiredintermittenturinarycatheterization.TheDefendantdeniedanypastorcurrentuseofeitheralcoholorillegaldrugs.Hisonlypreviouscriminalhistorywasaconvictionforhuntingdeerwithillegalammunitionin1972.Atthesentencinghearing,theDefendantacknowledgedthathehadbeenconvictedand,althoughhestaunchlymaintainedthathedidnotsexuallyassaultorrapethevictim,hestatedthathewouldbeabletoabidebyanyrestrictionsorrequirementsthatwereplacedonhimifheweregrantedplacedonprobation. (9 22  ` InsentencingtheDefendantforhisrapeconviction,thetrialjudgenotedthatthelawrequiredhimtostartwiththeminimumsentenceofeightyearsandthento balancetheenhancementandmitigatingfactors.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.   4035210.TheCcourtstatedthattherecordmight possiblysupportafindingthattheoffenseinvolvedavictimandwascommittedtogratifytheDefendantsdesireforpleasureorexcitement.Seeid.4035114(7).Asoursupremecourt 0(  hasheld,thedesireforpleasureorexcitementmaynotbepresumedfromeveryactofrape.Statev.Kissinger,922S.W.2d482,490(Tenn.1996);Statev. @8 Adams,864S.W.2d31,35(Tenn.1993);Statev.Kissinger, @8 922S.W.2d482,490(Tenn.1996).Insentencingforaconvictionofrape, H@ theStatehastheburdenofprovingthattherapewascommittedtogratifytheDefendantsdesireforpleasureorexcitement.Kissinger,922S.@W.2dat490; XP Adams,864S.W.2dat35.Inthiscase,thecourtstatedthatthisenhancement `X factorwas possiblyapplicable,butitisquiteevidentfromtherecordthatthetrialjudgegavethisfactorlittle,ifany,weightinenhancingtheDefendantssentencebeyondtheminimumofeightyears. ` ThetrialjudgeclearlyenhancedtheDefendantssentenceabovetheminimumbaseduponthecourtsfindingthatthevictimoftheoffensewasparticularlyvulnerablebecauseofageorphysicalormentaldisability.SeeTenn. +$$ CodeAnn.4035114(4).Thejudgestated, thequestioninmindiswhetherwearegoingtoeightyearsorarewegoingtonineortenyears,principallybecauseofthesingleenhancementfactorthatthisvictimwasextremelyvulnerablewithinthemeaningofthelaw?Thetrialcourtfurtherstatedthatthemainfocusofthecourtsfindingandtheprimaryreasonthesentencewaselevatedbeyondtheminimumsentencewastheextremevulnerabilityofthisparticularvictim. 922 Ї ` Thenarrowissuebeforeusiswhethertherecordinthiscasesupportsthetrialjudgesfindingthatthevictimwas particularlyvulnerablebecauseofageorphysicalormentaldisability.Thereisnoproofintherecordthatthevictimwasparticularlyvulnerablebecauseofherageorbecauseofanyphysicaldisability.Thejudgescourtsapplicationofthisenhancementfactorwasbasedupontheproofthatthevictimhadgrownupinandspentmostofherlifeinthe shelteredenvironmentoftheAmishcommunity.Henotedthatthevictim obviouslyhadnotahistoryofanysexualactivity,andthatisinkeepingwiththeknowledgeoftheAmishlifestylewhich[theDefendant]knew.TheonlybasisforupholdingtheapplicationofthisenhancementfactoristofindthatthevictimssexualinexperienceorbackgroundofbeingraisedinanAmishcommunityandintheAmishfaithrendersher mentallydisabledascontemplatedbythelegislature.Wedeclinetosohold.Thus,wemustconcludethatthetrialjudgeerredwhenheenhancedtheDefendantssentenceabovetheminimumofeightyearsbaseduponthevictimsparticularvulnerabilitybecauseofmentaldisability. ` WemodifytheDefendantssentencetothestatutorilymandatedpresumptivetermofeightyears.Theconcurrentsentenceofthreeyearsforaggravatedburglaryisaffirmed.ThiscaseisremandedtothetrialcourtforadeterminationofthemannerofserviceoftheDefendantssentences. `     h    `     h   ____________________________________ `     h   DAVIDH.WELLES,JUDGE  811 CONCUR:___________________________________JERRYL.SMITH,JUDGE___________________________________THOMAST.WOODALL,JUDGE