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D3v~ 0@ "vJ" AO(l( 0D2) D/v) B),  AZ"Arial RegularX(`$TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7GXXdXXd7  }E~DUDEӀ^!3|x((3$ `!TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdXXd7    `   0  (#$  0  2 0Indent123  2" 0Indent20 23  2, 0Indent30 0 23  26 0Indent40 0 0 23  2@ 0Indent50 0 0 0 23  2J 0Indent60 0 0 0 0 23  2T 0Indent70 0 0 0 0 0 23  2^ 0Indent80 0 0 0 0 0 0 23   ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P 8Mac DefaultMac Default ` X d<  9p`(Arial% Line 7 d####7Border 1dd-$C << G  !  #d#"    ! \RA'\#d#   "   YYY FILED"X December6,1996CecilCrowson,Jr."AppellateCourtClerk   !#d#"     \RA'\#d#   "\RA'\7XXdXXd7     Pursuanttoasearchoftheappelleeandhisvehicle,Saylordiscoveredabagcontaining31.4gramsofcocaineonthefloorboardofthecar;fourbluepills,diazepam,intheappellee'srightfrontpocket;and8.6gramsofmarijuanainthevehicle'sglovebox.  !#d#"     \RA'\#d#   "\RA'\7Z6XXdd7     ThecourtsofthisstatehaveconsistentlyheldthattheTennesseeConstitutionalprovisionagainstdoublejeopardyprovidesnogreaterprotectionthanthataffordedbytheUnitedStatesConstitution.Statev.Simpson,No.02C019508CC00240(Tenn.Crim.App.atJackson,Sept.30,1996);Statev.Vance,No.03C019601CC0026(Tenn.Crim.App.atKnoxville,Sept.9,1996);Statev.Bradley,No.03C019510CC0318(Tenn.Crim.App.atKnoxville,Sept.4,1996);Statev.Simpson,No.02C019508CC00239(Tenn.Crim.App.atJackson,Aug.2,1996). j !#d#"     \RA'\#d#   "\RA'\7Z6XXdd7     TheTennesseeforfeitureprovisionsarevirtuallyidenticaltothefederalprovisionsconsideredinUrsery.Simpson,No.02C019508CC00240.'dxd  !#d#"     \RA'\#d#   "\RA'\7Z6XXdd7     SeealsoTenn.CodeAnn.3911102,whichprovidesinpart,8 Conductdoesnotconstituteanoffenseunlessitisdefinedasanoffense....Thistitledoesnotbar,suspend,orotherwiseaffectanyrightorliabilitytodamages,penalty,forfeiture,orotherremedyauthorizedbylawtoberecoveredorenforcedinacivilsuitforconductthecriminalcodedefinesasanoffense,andthecivilinjuryisnotmergedintheoffense.(emphasisadded).PtPtHH(FG(HH(d'h("$    Styl{WP}01  HH  2$HH  Geneva  <Px443!#4$*$$*$ KK  Geneva  Geneva .,6 Geneva   inion Geneva  inion Geneva -C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd ! . "     \RA'\#Xd##Xd#   ݛ @ INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE̜R%&$A1-j|` e `@Rߛ@ ATKNOXVILLE@ SEPTEMBERSESSION,1996 STATEOFTENNESSEE ,  )     ) No.03C019604CR00173 Appellant   )     ) KNOXCOUNTYvs.     )     ) Hon.RayL.Jenkins,Judge CHUCKEYR.KING,Alias , )     ) (Poss.ofCocainetosellanddeliver; Appellee   ) Poss.ofMarijuana;Possessionof̜      controlledsubstanceDiazepam,      Poss.ofDrugParaphernalia)̜      STATEAPPEAL ̛FortheAppellee:    FortheAppellant:GaryL.Anderson    CharlesW.BursonUniversityofTennessee   AttorneyGeneralandReporterLegalClinic 1534CumberlandAvenue  ElizabethT.RyanKnoxville,TN379964070  AssistantAttorneyGeneral       CriminalJusticeDivision      450JamesRobertsonParkway      Nashville,TN372430493          ATTRIAL:     RandallE.NicholsJerryBlack     DistrictAttorneyGeneralAttorneyatLawU.T.LegalAidClinic   LeonFranks1505W.CumberlandAve.   Asst.DistrictAttorneyGeneralKnoxville,TN379961805  CityStateBuilding      Knoxville,TN37902OPINIONFILED:򀀀̜REVERSED;INDICTMENTREINSTATED DavidG.Hayes Judge@  OPINION  TheStateappeals,pursuanttoTenn.R.App.P.3(c),theKnoxCountyCriminalCourt'sdismissalofanindictmentchargingtheappellee,ChuckeyR.King,withonecountofpossessionofcocainewiththeintenttosellanddeliver,onecountofpossessionofmarijuana,onecountofpossessionofdiazepam,andonecountofpossessionofdrugparaphernalia.TheStatecontendsthatthetrialcourterredinrulingthattheappellee'sconstitutionalrightagainstdoublejeopardywasviolatedbasedupontheforfeituretotheStateofhisToyotaCelicaand$196.00incurrency.Specifically,theStatearguesthattheseizureandforfeitureoftheappellee'spersonalpropertytotheStatedoesnotconstitute"punishment"withinthemeaningofthedoublejeopardyclausesoftheUnitedStatesConstitutionortheConstitutionoftheStateofTennessee. ConsistentwiththeholdingsoftheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtandcourtsofthisstate,wereversethetrialcourt'sdismissaloftheindictment.@ I.Background  OnFebruary17,1994,OfficerRussellSayloroftheKnoxvillePoliceDepartmentarrestedtheappelleeforpossessionofcocaine,marijuana,diazepam,anddrugparaphernalia.Atthetimeofthearrest,Saylorconfiscatedthecontrolledsubstancesfoundontheappelleeaswellasthoselocatedinhisvehicle '   .Additionally,pursuanttotheTennesseeDrugControlAct,Saylorseizedtheappellee's1983ToyotaCelicaand$196.00inU.S.currency. OnJanuary31,1995,anadministrativelawjudge,sittingfortheCommissioneroftheTennesseeDepartmentofSafety,found,byapreponderanceoftheevidence,thattheappelleehadviolatedprovisionsoftheTennesseeDrugControlAct.Specifically,thejudgefoundthattheappelleedrovethevehicletoitslocation,thatthevehiclecontainedafelonyamountofnarcotics,andthatthe$196.00wereproceedsfrompreviousnarcoticssales.Tenn.CodeAnn.5311451(a)(4);451(a)(6)(A).Accordingly,thejudgeorderedthatthepersonalpropertyseizedfromtheappelleebeforfeitedtotheState. Afterthisorderbecamefinal,theappelleefiledamotiontodismisstheindictmentonthegroundthatprosecutinghimfortheseoffensesviolatedhisconstitutionalrightagainsttwicebeingplacedinjeopardyforthesameoffense.TheKnoxCountyCriminalCourt,uponhearingthemotion,enteredanordergrantingtheappellee'smotiontodismisstheindictment.@ II.Analysis  Inthisappeal,theStatearguesthatdoublejeopardyprotectionsdonotprohibitcriminalprosecutionsbecauseofpriorcivilforfeitures.ThedoublejeopardyclauseofboththeUnitedStatesandTennesseeConstitutionspreventssuccessivepunishmentsandsuccessiveprosecutions,i.e.theremaynotbeasecondprosecutionforthesameoffenseafteracquittal;theremaynotbeasecondprosecutionforthesameoffenseafterconviction;andtheremaynotbemultiplepunishmentsforthesameoffense. (   ׀Statev.GrapelSimpson,No.02C019508CC00239(Tenn.Crim.App.atJackson,Aug.2,1996)(citingNorthCarolinav.Pearce,395U.S.711,89S.Ct.2072(1969)).Theappelleecontendsthatcivilforfeitureisapunishment,orinthealternative,thesameoffense,and,therefore,imposessuccessivepunishmentsforthesamecrime.̜ TheSupremeCourtoftheUnitedStatesandthecourtsofthisStatehaveϜresolvedthisissue.InUnitedStatesv.Ursery,U.S.,116S.Ct.2135,214042(1996),theSupremeCourtheldthatacivilinremforfeitureisneither"punishment"norcriminalfordoublejeopardyconsideration.SeeSimpson,No.02C019508CC00239;seealsoSimpson,No.02C019508CC00240;Vance,No.03C019601CC0026;Bradley,No.03C019510CC0318.Accordingly,theforfeitureofpropertyasaresultofacivilcomplaintdoesnotbarasubsequentcriminalprosecution. )   כId. Nonetheless,theSupremeCourt,inUrsery,U.S.,116S.Ct.at2142,restatedthetwostepanalysisemployedinUnitedStatesv.OneAssortmentof89Firearms,465U.S.354,104S.Ct.1099(1984),todeterminewhetherforfeitureispunishmentfordoublejeopardypurposes.Thistwostepanalysisinquires,first,whetherCongressintendedaparticularforfeituretobearemedialcivilsanctionoracriminalpenalty.Id.And,second,whethertheproceedingissopunitiveinfactastoestablishthattheycannotlegitimatelybeviewedascivilinnature.Id.Whenapplyingthisanalysistothelegislationatissueinthepresentcase,thecourtsofthisstatehavedeterminedthatourlegislaturedesignedforfeitureunderTenn.CodeAnn.5311201204andTenn.CodeAnn.5311451asaremedialcivilsanction. +   ׀Bradley,No.03C019510CC0318.Additionally,Tennesseecourtshaveheldthatforfeitureproceedingsunderourcodearenotsopunitiveinformandeffectastorenderthemcriminal.Id.Accordingly,weconcludethatthecivilforfeitureoftheappellee's1983ToyotaCelicaandthe$196.00inUnitedStatescurrencydoesnotprecludehiscriminalprosecutiononthebasisofdoublejeopardy.SeeUrsery,U.S.at,116S.Ct.at2149;Simpson,No.02C019508CC00240;Vance,No.03C019601CC0026;Bradley,No.03C019510CC0318;Simpson,No.02C019508CC00239. Forthereasonsstatedherein,thejudgmentofthetrialcourtdismissingtheindictmentinthiscaseisreversed.Thiscauseisremandedtothetrialcourtforfurtherproceedings.     ____________________________________     DAVIDG.HAYES,JudgeCONCUR:______________________________JOHNH.PEAY,Judge______________________________WILLIAMM.BARKER,Judge