ÿWPC“ ï{*ûæ‹ŽÐT/»óiÊ¢A?€²S¼â'Dž_ûX±½áG<Û¦m"N#Ìxû±™¹rFùÖã€bÐS¶ŽÖn®èf*CôW]ëOJÂu{ŽŠ¬NÖåöyú$h,ºWÃ°nÖ€q„}¢f²“ò_5Qñ×Öé¦UÍ3«øz£ ë´jjï$¼¨¶Z½A¸Qïvî8™¡³]é)ŸÞ²Kq§µô½´w”"ïªÔyv”Q~éLE.;?aJƒôó÷cIJ÷°Vx^·) {yÅt†¡9å8õi#]JÎÂë°)þp¡f™Ù(m¸–P¡¬hÇ’}>¡ëCÕ÷$1!×ÍÿºfŒ·Ç+f ý‚/ÐŠk‡ßw: ‡gŽÀž“Â ðyÐÐî 69GE—ÙßäøïmùÁ´üÝ’2”sNÀ™ËÔª›öÛP±@‰2ŸYûTÌ.ˆIt5Z½!*ÌSÑÜ¼ÖÊÁ}8*å£Ú«ó;«&©_ø»™‚ÌÔl‰èì A™w}\ ¸a«Ä2²^.ýüð°´ñJŽv(•êÈ´d %PöÕ~{oœe¡1´ž˜AÜ.¦‰ãýÉÐ€Ç»Ñ¨At›‘’e¨ï …#!F %g UNm 0Æ» 4‰U:¬#æw@ U:IU:ƒN½¿ mÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁÁ BØØØØØ D3õõõ0â((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((0â AQìÆ==0D D/G Bv˜HP LaserJet 8000 DN PSØÚØÚÚØØÚ0X(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular(žjÆ$¡¡Ñ` ` ÑÑÜÜÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[ AØ'ÿ Legal[ AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÓÓ{Z='3|x— , øð AZ"Arial Regular Ô€XÃÎXXXÔÔ€î]¨îXXÃÎÔÓÓÔAdÔFILEDÔ€7³îî]¨ÔÐ ÐÌòòSeptember€10,€1999Ð ¸¸ ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôõ7³ÔAppellate€CourtÐ ˜˜ ÐClerkóó Ž D D‘ D’ “ ” U• E– — Ó€,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular,c½¬AZ‹"Arial RegularÿU‹ÿÀÀÀd%%%%'ÿÿdxd(º3Û7$££Ý ƒjÆ!ÝÑ` °ÑÑÜ°ÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[° AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓÓÝÝ(º3Û7$¢¢Ý ƒjÆ!ÝÑ` °ÑÑÜ°ÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[° AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓÓÝÝ€_-‚*Cþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””òòÚÚ1Ú Úóó„„'÷ÿdxdüÿPPdÝ ƒjÆ!ÝÑ` °ÑÑÜ°ÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[° AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓÓÝÝñ— ñ›ñ— ñÑ8€÷kXdìdÈ8ÑÑ ÑÔ€XÃÎXXXÔñ— ñßr€ *<,(j 8 `€€@Ehf tt0( ` ¨Þrßñ— ñÔ_Ôà@ggÚàòòIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEóóˆÐ ` Ðà@*ÚàòòAT€KNOXVILLEóóˆÐ ,Ì Ðà@(ÚàJULY€1999€SESSIONˆÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à”ààìà*àDàC.C.A.€#€03C01„9810„CR„00374€€Ð 0 ÐàŒ àAppellee,à<àà”ààìà*àDàSULLIVAN€COUNTYÐ \ü ÐVS.àŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìà*àDàHon.€R.€Jerry€Beck,€JudgeÐ (È ÐÓÓKENNETH€LEE€KENDRICK,àìà*àDà(Marijuana€in€a€Penal€Institution)Ð ô” ÐÌàŒ àAppellant.à<àà”ààìà*Ð À` ÐÌÌÌÌÌòòFor€Appellantóó:à<àà”ààìààDàòòFor€Appelleeóó:Ð $Ä ÐÌTerry€L.€Jordan€à<àà”ààìààDàPaul€G.€Summers€Ð ð ÐAssistant€Public€Defender€àìààDàAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ Öv ÐP.O.€Box€839€€à<àà”ààìàÐ ¼ \ ÐBlountville,€TN€€37617à”ààìààDàClinton€J.€Morgan€àLàÐ ¢!B ÐàŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìààDàCounsel€for€the€State€ÌàŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìààDà425€Fifth€Avenue€North€ÌàŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìààDàNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌàŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìààDàJoseph€Eugene€Perrin€ÌàŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìààDàAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌàŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìààDàP.O.€Box€526€ÌàŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìààDàBlountville,€TN€€37617€ÌÌàŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìàÌàŒ ààäàÌÌOPINION€FILED:__________________________ÌÌÌÌREVERSED€AND€DISMISSED€ÌÌÌÌGARY€R.€WADE,€PRESIDING€JUDGEÐ €4 +0 ÐÓÓà@33-ÚàòòOPINIONóóˆÐ ` ÐàŒ ààäàThe€defendant,€Kenneth€Lee€Kendrick,€was€convicted€in€a€bench€trialÏof€knowingly€taking€marijuana€into€a€penal€institution.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„16„¼201.€€The€trial€court€imposed€a€Range€I€sentence€of€four€years.€€ÌÌàŒ ààäàIn€this€appeal€of€right,€the€defendant€contends€that€a€communityÏcorrections€facility€does€not€qualify€as€a€penal€institution€and€argues€that€the€trialÏcourt€erred€by€the€imposition€of€a€four„year€sentence€and€the€denial€of€any€form€ofÏalternative€sentencing.€€Because€the€state€was€unable€to€establish€that€theÏdefendant€possessed€marijuana€in€a€"penal€institution,"€the€conviction€must€beÏreversed€and€the€charge€dismissed.€€ÌÌàŒ ààäàOn€December€19,€1996,€the€defendant,€who€was€serving€a€six„yearÏcommunity€corrections€sentence€in€the€John€R.€Hay€House€for€burglary€and€theftÏover€$1,000.00,€was€found€in€possession€of€marijuana.€€Stuart€Canter,€a€case€officerÏat€the€facility,€reported€the€incident€to€Officer€Thomas€Patton€of€the€Kingsport€PoliceÏDepartment.€€The€defendant€admitted€ownership€of€the€marijuana,€"three€hand„¼rolled,€smoked€down€roaches,"€which€was€found€in€a€Marlboro€cigarette€pack.€€TheÏTBI€laboratory€confirmed€the€nature€of€the€substance.€€The€defendant€offered€noÏproof€in€his€own€behalf€and€at€the€conclusion€of€the€evidence,€sought€a€judgment€ofÏacquittal€on€the€basis€that€the€Hay€House,€which€met€the€guidelines€for€a€communityÏcorrections€program,€did€not€fall€within€the€definition€of€a€penal€institution.€€The€trialÏcourt€rejected€the€argument,€holding€that€the€Hay€House€had€"uniqueÏcharacteristics"€beyond€the€usual€community€corrections€facility€and,€therefore,Ïqualified€as€a€penal€institution.€€€€€€Ð €4 +0 Ðà@¾¾0ÚàIˆÌàŒ ààäàThe€pertinent€portion€of€the€statute€provides€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#à(a)€€It€is€unlawful€for€any€person€to:Ð äÐ äÐ Ðà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#à(1)€€Knowingly€and€with€unlawful€intent€take,€send€orÏotherwise€cause€to€be€taken€into€òòany€penal€institutionÐ Äd Ðwhere€prisoners€are€quartered€or€under€custodialÏsupervisionóó€any€weapons,€ammunition,€explosives,Ð 0 Ðintoxicants,€legend€drugs,€or€òòany€controlled€substancesóóÐ v Ðfound€in€chapter€17,€part€4€of€this€title.€€Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„16„201€(emphasis€added).€€Initially,€the€defendant€maintainsÏthat€a€facility€to€which€a€person€is€committed€under€the€Tennessee€CommunityÏCorrections€Act€of€1985,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„36„101,€et€seq.,€is€not€a€penalÏinstitution.€€The€defendant€asserts€that€the€Hay€House,€as€defined€by€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„36„102(5)€is€a€"[c]ommunity„based€alternative[]€to€incarceration"€whichÏprovides€services€and€programs€in€the€place€of€incarceration€and€that€theÏalternatives€include€a€short„term€community€residential€option€and€individualizedÏtreatment€services€as€provided€by€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„36„302.€€The€defendantÏconcedes€that€he€required€full„time€supervision€during€the€course€of€his€treatment€atÏthe€facility€but€points€out€that€community€corrections€funds€may€not€be€utilized€forÏthe€operation€of€municipal€or€county€jails€or€state€prison€facilities.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ïðð€40„36„303(a)(1)€&€(2).€€ÌÌàŒ ààäàIn€support€of€his€argument,€the€defendant€has€cited€a€memorandumÏfrom€William€B.€Hutcherson,€Jr.,€staff€counsel€to€the€Department€of€Correction.€€InÏpertinent€part,€the€memorandum€provides€as€follows:€€ÌÓÓà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#àHay€House,€Inc.,€is€a€private€agency€with€which€theÏDepartment€of€Correction€contracts€under€the€communityÏcorrections€grant€funds€program€authorized€pursuant€toÏT.C.A.€ðð€40„36„301.€€An€example€of€a€communityÏprogram€service€which€may€be€contracted€with€is€aÏprivate€agency€such€as€Hay€House,€Inc.€which€providesÏshort„term€community€residential€treatment€options€asÏset€forth€in€T.C.A.€ðð€40„36„302(a)(2).€€As€set€forth€in€thisÏstatute,€the€focus€of€such€programs€is€"treatment€ratherÏthan€detention"€as€an€alternative€to€incarceration.€€Ðþ8ž/5äÐ äÐ Ð‡à8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#àTherefore,€òòthis€office€would€refrain€from€defining€orÐ ` Ðreferring€to€any€community€correction€program,Ïresidential€or€otherwise,€as€a€correctional€facility€or€penalÏinstitutionóó.€€Ð²äÐ äÐ ÐÌ(Emphasis€added).€€ÌÌÌÌÓÓàŒ ààäàA€stipulation€of€facts€includes€the€following€excerpt:ÌÓÓà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#àThe€Hay€House€is€inspected€and€meets€State€standardsÏand€guidelines€for€community€corrections.€€Each€personÏcommitted€to€the€John€R.€Hay€House€(Hay€House)€mustÏsign€a€contract€with€Hay€House€which€enumerates€theÏrules€by€which€the€person€is€to€abide€while€at€the€facility.€ÏòòEvery€individual€referred€to€the€Hay€House€has€aÐ À` Ðtreatment€program€for€a€particular€program€with€whichÏthat€person€must€comply€to€remain€at€the€facilityóó.€€AfterÐ Œ, Ðthe€residential€program€is€completed,€the€person€isÏplaced€on€home€supervision€with€guidelines€set€out€byÏHay€House€which€include€treatment,€drug€screens,€andÏreporting.€€The€Hay€House€is€one€of€only€two€CommunityÏCorrections€programs€in€the€State€that€house€convictedÏfelons€that€are€committed€to€the€program€òòin€lieu€ofÐ ð Ðincarcerationóó.€€The€felony€offenders€committed€to€theÐ Öv Ðprogram€are€restricted€in€their€movements€in€theÏcommunity.€€To€leave€the€program€for€communityÏactivities€such€as€employment,€the€offender€must€firstÏhave€staff€verification€of€the€activity.€€After€verification,Ïthe€offender€must€sign€out,€be€transported€by€programÏtransportation€and€then€sign€in€after€being€returned€to€theÏprogram.€€A€24€hour€furlough€may€be€obtained€by€anÏoffender€only€after€certain€criteria€are€met€including€aÏminimum€continuous€stay€at€the€facility€prior€to€applying.€ÏòòAlthough€not€incarcerated€per€seóó,€the€convicted€felonsÐ Ò(r# Ðhoused€there€are€given€jail€credit€for€the€time€they€are€inÏthe€program.Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌ(Emphasis€added).€€ÌÌÌÌÓÓàŒ ààäàThe€state€points€out€that€the€Hay€House€provides€full„time€custodialÏsupervision€to€felony€offenders€who€are€restricted€in€their€movements,€must€haveÏstaff€verification€of€outside€activities,€must€sign€in€and€out,€and€must€use€officialÏtransportation.€€Convicted€felons€in€the€Hay€House€receive€jail€credit.€€For€all€theseÏreasons,€the€state€submits€that€this€facility,€due€to€its€uniqueness,€falls€within€theÏdefinition€of€a€penal€institution,€"where€prisoners€are€quartered€òòoróó€under€custodialÐ þ8ž/5 Ðsupervision...."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„16„201€(emphasis€added).€€The€state€arguesÏthat€the€term€followed€by€the€disjunctive€and€"under€custodial€supervision"€broadensÏthe€application€of€the€statute.€€ÌÌàŒ ààäàIn€òòState€v.€Bentleyóó,€938€S.W.2d€706€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996),€a€panelÐ 0 Ðof€this€court€ruled€that€the€defendant€had€not€committed€the€offense€of€escape€fromÏa€penal€institution€by€leaving€a€community€correction€office€after€being€informed€thatÏhe€would€have€to€return€to€jail€immediately€due€to€his€removal€from€the€program.€ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„16„605.€€The€underlying€rationale€for€the€decision€was€that€aÏcommunity€corrections€office€did€not€qualify€as€a€penal€institution.€€The€court€madeÏthe€interpretation€from€the€language€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„16„601,€whichÏprohibits€an€escape€from€a€penal€institution.€€That€legislation€includes€a€definition€ofÏthe€term€penal€institution:€€ÌÓÓà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#àAny€institution€or€facility€used€to€house€or€detain€a€personÏ...€[c]onvicted€of€a€crime;€...€[a]djudicated€delinquent€by€aÏjuvenile€court;€or€...€[w]ho€is€in€direct€or€indirect€custodyÏafter€a€lawful€arrest.€€€€Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„16„601(4)(A)„(C).€€ÌÌÌÌÓÓàŒ ààäàIn€òòBentleyóó,€Judge€John€H.€Peay€wrote€the€following€for€the€court€in€itsÐ Ò(r# Ðconclusion€that€there€was€a€significant€difference€between€a€placement€inÏcommunity€corrections€and€a€sentence€to€a€custodial€facility:ÌÓÓà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#àFor€purposes€of€the€escape€statute,€T.C.A.€ðð€39„16„601Ïdefines€"penal€institution"€as€"any€institution€òòused€toÐ /¼%* Ðhouse€or€detainóó€a€person:€€(A)€[c]onvicted€of€a€crime;€orÐ 0¢&+ Ð(B)€[w]ho€is€in€direct€or€indirect€custody€after€a€lawfulÏarrest."€€T.C.A.€ðð€39„16„601(4)€(1991)€(emphasis€added).€ÏCommunity€Corrections,€however,€is€an€alternative€toÏincarceration€and€is€noncustodial€in€nature.€€òòSeeóó€T.C.A.Ð š3:*/ Ð40„36„102(5)€(1990);€T.C.A.€ðð€40„36„104(4)€(1990);ÏT.C.A.€ðð€40„36„106(e)(1)€(1990).€€Community€CorrectionsÏPrograms€"involve€close€supervision€but€...€do€not€involveÏhousing€of€the€offender€in€a€jail,€workhouse€or€communityÏfacility."€€T.C.A.€ðð€40„36„302(a)(1)€(1990).€€From€ourÏreview€of€the€plain€language€of€the€statutory€provisions€atÐ þ8ž/5 Ðissue,€we€conclude€that€Community€Corrections€does€notÏqualify€as€a€"penal€institution"€for€the€purposes€of€theÏescape€statute.€€Moreover,€we€find€no€evidence€that€theÏlegislature,€in€enacting€the€Community€Corrections€Act€ofÏ1985€and€the€Criminal€Sentencing€Reform€Act€of€1989,Ïintended€to€include€a€violation€of€the€conditions€of€aÏCommunity€Corrections€sentence€in€the€criminal€offenseÏof€escape€from€a€penal€institution.€€Accordingly,€from€aÏreview€of€the€entire€record,€we€find€that€...€the€petitionerÏwas€serving€a€Community€Corrections€sentence€and€hisÏdeparture€from€the€Community€Corrections€office€did€notÏmeet€the€statutory€requirements€of€the€criminal€offense€ofÏescape€from€a€penal€institution.€€Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌòòBentleyóó,€938€S.W.2d€at€710.€€Ð ô” ÐÌÌÌÓÓàŒ ààäàThe€trial€court€here€distinguished€this€case€from€the€holding€in€òòBentleyóóÐ Œ, Ðbecause€of€"[the]€residential€status€[of€the€Hay€House]."€€It€concluded€that€theÏòòBentleyóó€ruling€was€specifically€limited€to€the€escape€statute€and€that€the€24€hour€perÐ $Ä Ðday,€seven€days€per€week€supervision€at€the€Hay€House€was€more€like€a€custodialÏfacility€than€other€community€corrections€facilities.€€The€trial€court€reasoned€that€theÏintroduction€of€a€controlled€substance€to€the€Hay€House€would€present€all€of€theÏdangers€incident€to€the€same€conduct€in€a€prison.€€ÌÌàŒ ààäàThe€core€question,€of€course,€is€whether€the€term€"penal€institution,"€asÏprovided€by€the€applicable€statute,€should€be€construed€to€include€communityÏcorrection€facilities€such€as€the€Hay€House.€€It€should€be€noted€that€the€1994Ïamendment€to€the€statute€substituted€the€word€"penal"€for€"state,€county€orÏmunicipal"€institution.ÌÌàŒ ààäàIn€matters€of€statutory€construction€the€role€of€this€court€is€to€ascertainÏand€give€effect€to€the€intent€of€the€legislature.€€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,€623€S.W.2d€121,Ð €4 +0 Ð124€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1981).€€A€basic€principle€of€due€process€is€that€an€enactmentÏwhose€prohibitions€are€not€sufficiently€defined€is€void€for€vagueness.€€òòState€v.Ð 8¸.4 ÐLakatosóó,€900€S.W.2d€699,€701€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€€Generally,€the€language€ofÐ ` Ða€penal€statute€must€be€clear€and€concise€to€give€adequate€warning€so€thatÏindividuals€might€avoid€the€forbidden€conduct.€€òòState€v.€Boydóó,€925€S.W.2d€237,€242„Ð ø˜ Ð43€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€Yet,€legislative€enactments€must€be€interpreted€in€theirÏnatural€and€ordinary€sense€without€a€forced€construction€to€either€limit€or€expandÏtheir€meaning.€€òòState€v.€Thomasóó,€635€S.W.2d€114,€116€(Tenn.€1982).€€Courts€mustÐ \ü Ðconstrue€statutes€as€a€whole€and€in€conjunction€with€their€surrounding€parts;€theÏinterpretation€should€be€consistent€with€their€legislative€purpose.€€òòState€v.€Turneróó,Ð ô” Ð913€S.W.2d€158,€160€(Tenn.€1995).€€The€meaning€of€a€statute€is€to€be€determinedÏnot€from€specific€words€in€a€single€sentence€or€section€but€from€the€act€in€its€entiretyÏin€light€of€the€general€purpose€of€the€legislation;€any€interpretations€should€expressÏthe€intent€and€purpose€of€the€legislation.€€òòLoftin€v.€Langsdonóó,€813€S.W.2d€475,€478„Ð $Ä Ð79€(Tenn.€App.€1991);€òòNational€Gas€Distrib.,€Inc.€v.€Stateóó,€804€S.W.2d€66,€67€(Tenn.Ð ð Ð1991).€€ÌÌàŒ ààäàThe€1989€Act€requires€that€each€of€the€criminal€statutes€be€fairlyÏinterpreted.€€Strict€construction€is€no€longer€required€in€ascertaining€the€meaningÏand€application€of€a€penal€statute:ÌÓÓà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#àòòConstruction€of€criminal€code.„„óóThe€provisions€of€thisÐ ¸)X $ Ðtitle€shall€be€construed€according€to€the€fair€import€ofÏtheir€terms,€including€reference€to€judicial€decisions€andÏcommon€law€interpretations,€to€promote€justice,€andÏeffect€the€objectives€of€the€criminal€code.€€Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„104.€€ÌÌÌÌÓÓàŒ ààäàThe€Community€Corrections€Act€of€1985,€which€must€be€read€òòparióóÐ º2Z). Ðòòmateriaóó€with€the€1989€Act,€has€a€specific€mission:Ð †4&+0 ÐÓÓà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#àòòPurposes€of€chapter.„„óóThe€purposes€of€this€chapter€areÐ R6ò,2 Ðto:€€Ð äÐ äÐ Ðà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#à€€€(1)€€Establish€a€policy€within€the€state€to€punishÏselected,€€nonviolent€felony€offenders€in€front„endÐ 9ª/5 Ðcommunity€based€alternatives€to€incarceration,€therebyÏreserving€secure€confinement€facilities€for€violent€felonyÏoffenders;€and€Ð äÐ äÐ Ðà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#à€€€(2)€€Establish€a€mechanism€whereby€state€funds€areÏgranted€to€local€governments€and€qualified€privateÏagencies€to€develop€a€range€of€front„end€communityÏbased€punishments€and€services€for€eligible€offendersÏunder€this€chapter.€Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„36„103.€€ÌÌÌÓÓàŒ ààäàTo€be€eligible€for€community€corrections€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„¼36„106(c),€a€defendant€must€first€be€eligible€for€probation€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40„35„303.€€òòState€v.€Statenóó,€787€S.W.2d€€934,€936€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1989).€€TheÐ À` Ðgoal€of€the€Act€is€to€provide€a€means€of€punishment€as€an€alternative€toÏincarceration.€€Those€who€qualify€under€the€Act€are€"selected,€nonviolent€offenders."€ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„36„103.€€The€"front„end€community€based€alternative,"€asÏprovided€by€statute,€was€designed€to€provide€"a€degree€of€flexibility"€consistent€withÏsocietal€aims€not€previously€available€under€the€more€traditional€methods€ofÏcorrection.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Griffithóó,€787€S.W.2d€340,€342€(Tenn.€1990).€€Ð ˆ"( ÐÌàŒ ààäàÔ‡XA0XXX£ÏÔThe€traditional€rules€of€interpretation,€the€applicable€case€law,€and€theÐ &À Ðobjectives€of€the€1985€Community€Corrections€Act€lead€us€to€the€conclusion€that€theÏdefendant€in€this€case€was€not€housed€in€a€"penal€institution€where€prisoners€areÏquartered€or€[otherwise]€under€custodial€supervision...."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„16„¼201(a)(1).€€There€is€a€historical€distinction€between€a€prisoner€incarcerated€in€aÏpenal€institution€and€a€nonviolent€offender€deemed€suitable€for€a€community„basedÏalternative€sentence.€€The€risk€of€harm€to€the€public€for€a€violation€of€the€statute€is,€inÏour€view,€greater€for€a€penal€institution,€which€is€primarily€reserved,€according€toÏstatute,€for€"felons€committing€the€most€severe€offenses,"€those€with€"criminalÏhistories€evincing€a€clear€disregard€for€the€laws€and€morals€of€society,"€and€"fail[ed]Ï...€past€efforts€at€rehabilitation...."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(5).€€Often€a€prisonÐ à8€/4 Ðis€specially€designed€to€accommodate€violent€criminals.€€Nonviolent€offenders€areÏafforded€the€opportunity€at€least€for€an€alternative€sentence€dedicated€toÏrehabilitation.€€Generally,€there€is€a€lesser€degree€of€supervision.€€Furthermore,€theÏanalogy€between€an€escape€from€a€penal€institution,€as€defined€in€òòBentleyóó,€andÐ Ðtaking€a€controlled€substance€into€a€penal€institution€is€easily€drawn.€€For€this€courtÏto€adopt€different€definitions€of€the€term€"penal€institution"€for€similar€statutes€wouldÏhardly€serve€the€doctrine€of€òòstare€decisisóó.€€As€to€this€defendant,€the€state€obviouslyÐ @ Ðœcould€seek€a€violation›€of€the€terms€of€the€community€corrections€agreement€œandñ• ñ€ñ• ñ›œñ• ñtoñ• ñ›€askÏfor€the€imposition€of€the€original€œsentence.€€ñ ññŒ ñÌñŒ ññ ñDespite€this€ruling,€thñŽ ñoñŽ ññ ñiñ ñsñ ñeñ ñ€remedñ‘ ñiesñ‘ ññ’ ñyñ’ ñ€appearñ“ ñsñ“ ñÏto€remain€viable;€but,€because€the€defendant€has€presented€a€meritorious€claim,€thisÏcourt€must€grant€relief€from€the€conviction.ñ– ñ€€ñ– ñÌÌÔ#†X£ÏXXXA0´E#Ôà@¢¢/ÚàIIˆÐ à€ ÐàŒ ààäàNext,€the€defendant€complains€that€the€trial€court€should€have€grantedÏprobation,€intensive€probation,€or€split€confinement€rather€than€sentence€theÏdefendant€to€the€Department€of€Correction.€€The€defendant€argues€that€he€hasÏchanged€his€life€by€maintaining€employment€and€remaining€drug„free€since€theÏincident€at€the€Hay€House.€€Although€we€have€reversed€the€conviction,€we€willÏnonetheless€address€the€sentencing€issue.ÌÔ‡XA0XXX£ÏÔÌàŒ ààäàWhen€there€is€a€challenge€to€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€service€ofÏa€sentence,€it€is€the€duty€of€this€court€to€conduct€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€with€aÐ 40Ô&* Ðpresumption€that€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€€This€presumption€is€"conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showingÏin€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€ñ” ñÌÐ ´7T.2 Ðñ” ñfacts€and€circumstances."€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991);€òòseeóóÐ ` ÐòòState€v.€Jonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€597€(Tenn.€1994).€€"If€the€trial€court€appliesÐ @à Ðinappropriate€factors€or€otherwise€fails€to€follow€the€1989€Sentencing€Act,€theÏpresumption€of€correctness€falls."€€òòState€v.€Sheltonóó,€854€S.W.2d€116,€123€(Tenn.Ð ÐCrim.€App.€1992).€€The€Sentencing€Commission€Comments€provide€that€the€burdenÏis€on€the€defendant€to€show€the€impropriety€of€the€sentence.€€ÌÌàŒ ààäàOur€review€requires€an€analysis€of€(1)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€atÏthe€trial€and€sentencing€hearing;€(2)€the€presentence€report;€(3)€the€principles€ofÏsentencing€and€the€arguments€of€counsel€relative€to€sentencing€alternatives;€(4)€theÏnature€and€characteristics€of€the€offense;€(5)€any€mitigating€or€enhancing€factors;€(6)Ïany€statements€made€by€the€defendant€in€his€own€behalf;€and€(7)€the€defendant'sÏpotential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„102,€„103,€„210;ÏòòState€v.€Smithóó,€735€S.W.2d€859,€863€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€€The€record€in€thisÐ À!` Ðcase€demonstrates€that€the€trial€court€made€adequate€findings€of€fact.€ÌÌÔ#†X£ÏXXXA0ÕO#ÔàŒ ààäàAmong€the€factors€applicable€to€probation€consideration€are€theÐ `' Ðcircumstances€of€the€offense;€the€defendant's€criminal€record,€social€history€andÏpresent€condition;€the€deterrent€effect€upon€the€defendant;€and€the€best€interests€ofÏthe€defendant€and€the€public.€€òòState€v.€Grearóó,€568€S.W.2d€285€(Tenn.1978).€€TheÐ Ä,d#& Ðnature€and€circumstances€of€the€offenses€may€often€be€so€egregious€as€to€precludeÏthe€grant€of€probation.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Poeóó,€614€S.W.2d€403€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1981).€Ð \0ü&* ÐA€lack€of€candor€may€also€militate€against€a€grant€of€probation.€€òòState€v.€Bunchóó,€646Ð (2È(, ÐS.W.2d€158€(Tenn.€1983).€ÌÌàŒ ààäàAs€previously€indicated,€the€purpose€of€the€Community€Corrections€ActÐ Œ7,.2 Ðof€1985€was€to€provide€an€alternative€means€of€punishment€for€"selected,€nonviolentÏfelony€offenders€in€front-end€community€based€alternatives€to€incarceration."€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40-36-103.€€Even€in€cases€where€the€defendant€meets€the€minimumÏrequirements€of€the€Community€Corrections€Act€of€1985,€however,€the€defendant€isÏnot€necessarily€entitled€to€be€sentenced€under€the€Act€as€a€matter€of€law€or€right.€ÏòòState€v.€Tayloróó,€744€S.W.2d€919€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.1987).€€The€following€offendersÐ 0 Ðare€eligible€for€Community€Corrections:ÌÓÓà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#à(1)€Persons€who,€without€this€option,€would€beÏincarcerated€in€a€correctional€institution;Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#à(2)€Persons€who€are€convicted€of€property-related,€orÏdrug/alcohol-related€felony€offenses€or€other€felonyÏoffenses€òònot€involving€crimes€against€the€personóó€asÐ ¦F Ðprovided€in€title€39,€chapter€2€[repealed],€parts€1-3€andÏ5-7€or€title€39,€chapter€13,€parts€1-5;Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#à(3)€Persons€who€are€convicted€of€nonviolent€felonyÏoffenses;Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#à(4)€Persons€who€are€convicted€of€felony€offenses€inÏwhich€the€use€or€possession€of€a€weapon€was€notÏinvolved;Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#à(5)€Persons€who€do€not€demonstrate€a€present€or€pastÏpattern€of€behavior€indicating€violence;Ð äÐ äÐ ÐÌà8Œ àà8äŒ (#Œ (#à(6)€Persons€who€do€not€demonstrate€a€pattern€ofÏcommitting€violent€offenses;€€andÐ äÐ äÐ ÐÌÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-36-106(a)€(emphasis€added).Ì€€Ô‡X£‘XXX£‘ÔÐ ¸)X $ ÐÔ#†X£‘XXX£‘cd#ÔàŒ ààäàThis€crime€qualifies€as€a€Class€C€felony€with€a€Range€I€sentence€ofÐ „+$"& Ðthree€to€six€years.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„112(a)(3).€€Two€enhancement€factorsÏwere€applied:€€(1)€€that€the€defendant€had€a€previous€history€of€criminal€convictions;Ïand€(2)€that€the€defendant€committed€the€crime€while€on€a€form€of€release€into€theÏcommunity.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(1)€€&€(13)(E).€€Because€the€defendantÏobtained€a€graduate€equivalent€diploma,€had€maintained€employment,€and€had€notÏfailed€any€drug€screens,€the€trial€court€recognized€some€mitigation.€€Yet€theÏsentence€of€four€years€was€based€upon€the€enhancement€factors€outweighing€theÐ 8¸.4 Ðmitigation€factors.€€ÌÌàŒ ààäàIn€our€view,€the€trial€court€imposed€an€appropriate€sentence.€€TheÏdefendant€brazenly€violated€the€most€important€condition€of€his€rehabilitation€plan.ÏHad€the€statute€applied€to€the€defendant,€we€would€have€upheld€the€ruling.€€ÌÌàŒ ààäàAs€stated,€the€conviction€is€reversed.€€The€cause€is€dismissed€at€theÏcost€of€the€state.€ÌÌÓÓàŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìààDà________________________________ÌàŒ ààäàà<àà”ààìààDàGary€R.€Wade,€Presiding€Judge€ÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ_____________________________ÌDavid€H.€Welles,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ_____________________________ÌJoe€G.€Riley,€Judge€