ÿWPC~% … %Vw@\ 0ÜœU:x 4² Æ 0 Õ õ 0Dõ 0J9 0Tƒ 0^× 0h5 0r 0| 0†‹ 0 1u¡U, 0dBU,¦U*ÒB)üDC% Bh AM…àÒ]²×7æv~vÓ› D3n! 0@¡! AOá!Æ0" 0øö" 0Dî$ D/2% Ba%X _U`UabEcDdeEfgDh(´`$¡¡Ñ°ÑÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€‰GXXdðXXdð7ÑÑ  Ñ, øð AZ‹"Arial RegularU_A 3|xi(Ð(3µš$¤¤Ý ƒ`!ÝѰÑÒ°ÒÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€ÙäXXdædæ7ÑÑ  ÑÝ  Ýà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô  ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d 7Border 1dd d€-!Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ÖÝ ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ ! ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€d#ÑÑ  ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€XÔÌÌò òMarch€1,Ï1996ÌÌCecilÏCrowson,ÏJr.ÌÔ€ôÔAp…pellateÏCourtÏClerkó ó SÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€d#ÑÑ  ÑÝ  ÝÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7ÀÙäXXdædæ7Ñà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóThe€sales€involved€approximately€twenty„eight€grams€of€marijuana€andÏeight€hundred€and€ninety„seven€grams€of€marijuana€respectively.€Ì ÍÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€d#ÑÑ  ÑÝ  Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóThe€appellant's€testimony€revealed€that€he€had€surgery€for€carpal€tunnelÏsyndrome€and,€at€the€time€of€the€hearing,€was€under€the€care€of€a€doctor.Ì -Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€d#ÑÑ  ÑÝ  Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóThe€proof€establishes€that€a€violation€of€probation€warrant,€stemmingÏfrom€the€appellant's€1979€robbery€conviction,€remains€outstanding€in€California.€ÏA€notation€in€the€record€indicates€that€the€State€of€California€does€not€seekÏextradition.ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA: T Monaco ÒÒ  BA: T Monaco Ò""""'ÿÿdxd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(Ð3\¬$¢¢Ý ƒ`!ÝÑÑÒ°ÒÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÑ7€ÙäXXdæXXdæ7ÑÑ  ÑÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€X„d&ÓÑ#€Xd#ÑÔ€ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€Xd#ÑÑ#€Xd#ÑÑ  ÑÝ  ÝÙ€€Ùò òßL€#$!;+'h|` | `€€Lßà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OFÏCRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌà@ àAT€KNOXVILLEÌà@ àDECEMBERÏSESSION,€1995Ìó óÌÌÌÌò òSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEó ó,à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àNo.€03C01„9505„CR„00143Ìà àAppelleeà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àSULLIVANÏCOUNTYÌvs.à àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àHon.€ò òR.ÏJERRY€BECKó ó,€JudgeÌò òM.€STEVEN€LILLYó ó,à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à à(Selling€overÏ1/2€oz.€marijuana)Ìà àAppellantà àà àà à)ÌÌÌÌòòFor€the€Appellantóó:à àà àà àà àòòFor€the€Appelleeóó:ÌÌGale€K.€Flanaryà àà àà àà àCharles€W.€BursonÌAsst.€Public€Defenderà àà àà àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌPost€Office€Box€839à àÌBlountville,€TN€€37617à àà àà àMichelle€L.€LehmannÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€AttorneyÏGeneralà àà àà àà àà àà àà àCriminal€Justice€DivisionÌà àà àà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493à àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àH.€Greeley€Wells,€Jr.€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àDavid€OverbayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAsst.€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àBlountville,€TN€€37617Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€€òò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌò òDavid€G.€Hayesó óÌJudgeÇÓÓà@ àòòò òOPINIONóóó óÌÌà àThe€appellant,€M.€Steven€Lilly,€pled€guilty€in€the€Criminal€Court€ofÏSullivan€County€to€two€counts€of€sale€of€marijuana,€class€E€felonies.× ƒ% ××  ×€€He€nowÏappeals€from€the€consequent€imposition€of€two€concurrent€eighteen€monthÏsentences.€€The€sole€issue€presented€for€our€review€is€the€trial€court's€denial€ofÏalternative€sentencing.€€Specifically,€the€appellant€argues€that€the€trial€courtÏshould€have€ordered€a€sentence€of€probation,€intensive€probation,€orÏcommunity€corrections.ÌÌà àAfter€a€review€of€the€record,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.ÌÌà@ àòòò òI.€€Factsóóó óÌÌà à€On€January€19,€1995,€the€appellant€filed€a€motion€for€alternativeÏsentencing.€€A€sentencing€hearing€was€held€that€same€day.€€Teresa€Lilly,€theÏappellant's€wife,€was€the€first€witness€to€testify€at€the€sentencing€hearing.€€Mrs.ÏLilly€testified€that€she€and€the€appellant€had€been€happily€married€for€five€years.€ÏWhen€questioned€about€her€health,€Mrs.€Lilly€replied:ÌÒ ` ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓ€I€am€not€doing€too€good.€€I€have€reflex€synthetic€dystrophyÍwhich€is€a€blood€disorder,€and€I€have€epidural€fibrosis€whichÏis€fibrous€tissues€wrapped€around€my€spine€.€.€.€.ÏDegenerative€disc€disease€.€.€.€and€I€had€a€bone€scan€in€theÏlast€month,€and€now,€they€say,€I€have€degenerativeÏosteoarthritis€in€both€hips€and€both€legs.ÌÓÓÌÒ  ÒÒ ° Ò€Because€of€her€physical€condition,€Mrs.€Lilly€is€totally€disabled€and€receivesÏsocial€security€benefits.€€She€stated€that€she€is€not€able€to€care€for€herself,€andÏthat€she€is€physically€dependant€upon€her€husband.€€She€added€that€she€hasÏno€other€family€in€the€area€to€care€for€her.€€In€addition€to€this€testimony,€Mrs.€LillyÏstated€that,€if€the€appellant€received€an€alternative€sentence,€she€was€willing€toÏprovide€all€the€"moral,€family,€and€social€support"€necessary€for€the€appellant€toÏmeet€the€terms€of€probation.ÌÌà àThe€only€other€witness€to€testify€was€the€appellant.€€He€corroborated€hisÏwife's€testimony€regarding€her€physical€disabilities€and€her€dependance€uponÏhim€for€care€and€support.€€He€stated€that,€at€the€time€of€the€hearing,€he€wasÏemployed€by€Hutton€Masonry€Contractors€and€had€been€so€employed€sinceÏOctober,€1993.€€He€added€that,€until€the€"first€part€of€1994,"€he€worked€at€bothÏthe€Piccadilly€Cafeteria€and€at€Hutton€Contractors€"until€problems€with€his€wrist"Ïdeveloped.× ƒ& ××  ×€€The€appellant€testified€that€he€had€received€his€GED,€and€that,€ifÏgiven€a€sentence€of€probation,€he€would€continue€working€in€order€to€supportÍhis€wife.ÌÌà àWith€respect€to€his€drug€and€alcohol€abuse,€the€appellant€claimed€that€heÏhad€taken€steps€necessary€to€rid€himself€of€these€addictions.€€To€verify€thisÏallegation,€the€appellant€introduced€a€certificate€of€achievement€for€completionÏof€intensive€phase€one€and€two€of€Bristol€Regional€Counseling€Center'sÏoutpatient€program€for€chemical€dependency.€€The€appellant€added:ÌÒ ` ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓSo,€far€as€my€record€goes,€my€father€was€an€alcoholic,€I'veÏbeen€subjected€to€it,€and€had€alcoholic€and€drug€problemsÏsince€I€was€fairly€young.€€Those€problems€with€alcohol€andÏdrugs€have€been€the€sole€mitigating€factor€in€any€arrest€thatÏI€have€had.€€I€had€not€admitted€to€myself€until€about€a€yearÏago€that€I€had€alcoholic€problems,€and€was€addicted.€€IÏsought€help€with€Bristol€Regional€Counseling€on€that.€.€.€.ÏI've€had€complete€sobriety€since€that€time,€the€date€ofÏJanuary€the€25th€of€1994.ÌÌÌÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÓÓà àThe€appellant€conceded€that€he€has€prior€convictions€for€driving€on€aÏrevoked€license€and€driving€under€the€influence€but€asserted€that€he€hadÏcompleted€the€required€programs€and€his€license€had€been€reinstated.€€HeÏadded€that€he€also€has€a€1979€conviction€for€robbery€in€the€State€of€California.ÏWith€respect€to€the€instant€offenses,€the€appellant€testified€that€he€only€becameÏinvolved€in€selling€drugs€because€of€financial€hardship.€€He€stated,€"HeavyÏmedical€bills,€it€came€to€the€point,€do€you€pay€the€rent,€or€do€you€get€herÏprescriptions,€or€electric€bill?"€€Moreover,€the€appellant€added€that,€once€he€wasÏcharged,€he€fully€cooperated€with€the€police,€leading€to€the€arrest€of€theÍappellant's€supplier.€€Furthermore,€the€record€indicates€that€Detective€Fisher,€aÏparticipating€officer€in€the€appellant's€arrest€who€usually€does€not€recommendÏprobation€for€drug€offenders,€was€not€opposed€to€probation€in€the€appellant'sÏcase.€€In€addition€to€this€testimony,€the€appellant€introduced€letters€from€both€hisÏpast€and€present€employers€stating€that€the€appellant€"is€a€very€good€workerÏand€is€my€top€man;"€"[he€has€done€an€excellent€job;"€"he€has€an€excellentÏattendance€record€and€is€a€very€dedicated€employee;"€and€"Steve€alwaysÏdisplays€a€good€attitude€and€is€dependable."€€ÌÌà àThe€presentence€report€reveals€that€the€appellant€is€thirty„five€years€old.ÏHe€began€drinking€at€an€early€age€and€began€using€marijuana€at€the€age€ofÏfourteen.€€This€use€progressed€to€the€abuse€of€speed,€Valium,€cocaine,ÏDilaudid,€and,€on€one€occasion,€hashish€and€PCP.ÌÌà àThe€trial€court€denied€any€form€of€alternative€sentencing€due€to€theÏappellant's€"continuing€pattern€of€crimes"€and€because€"[p]rior€rehabilitation€hasÏfailed."€€On€February€1,€1995,€the€court€entered€these€additional€findings:€ÌÒ ` ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓ(1)€.€.€.that€the€unfavorable€factors€heavily€outweighÏfavorable€factors;€ÌÌ(2)€[p]rior€efforts€at€rehabilitation€by€use€of€probationÏmethods€have€been€unsuccessful;€ÌÌ(3)€.€.€.that€rehabilitation€in€any€program€of€alternativeÏsentencing€would€be€unsuccessful€considering€theÍdefendant's€past€record€and€past€performance;€ÌÌ(4)€[a]€person€with€a€current€outstanding€warrant€forÏviolation€of€probation€would€not€.€.€.be€a€favorable€candidateÏfor€probation;× ƒ' ××  ×€ÌÌ(5)€[t]he€defendant's€social€history€and€prior€record€ofÏcriminal€conviction[s]€[are]€not€favorable;€ÌÌ(6)€.€.€.considering€the€special€needs€provision€of€theÏCommunity€Corrections€Act;€and€upon€a€review€of€all€theÏfacts€of€the€case,€.€.€.it€would€not€be€in€the€interest€of€theÏpublic€to€sentence€the€defendant€to€community€corrections;Ïand€ÌÌ(7)€[t]he€record€does€not€support€the€defendant's€contentionÏthat€he€is€a€proper€person€to€receive€alternative€sentencing.ÌÌÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÓÓÌà@ àòòò òII.€€Review€of€the€Sentenceóóó óÌÌà àIn€his€only€issue,€the€appellant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erroneouslyÏimposed€a€sentence€of€total€confinement.€€Specifically,€the€appellant€argues€thatÏhe€should€have€received€a€sentence€of€probation,€intensive€probation,€orÏcommunity€corrections.€€We€disagree.ÌÌà àWhen€a€defendant€challenges€the€manner€of€his€sentence,€this€courtÍmust€conduct€a€òòde€novoóó€review€with€the€presumption€that€the€determinationÏmade€by€the€trial€court€is€correct.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)(1990).€€ThisÏpresumption€only€applies,€however,€if€the€record€demonstrates€that€the€trialÏcourt€properly€considered€relevant€sentencing€principles.€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823ÏS.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€In€the€present€case,€because€the€trial€courtÏproperly€considered€such€principles,€the€presumption€of€correctness€applies.ÌÌà àIn€determining€the€appellant's€suitability€for€an€alternative€sentence,€weÏfirst€determine€whether€the€appellant€is€entitled€to€the€statutory€presumption€thatÏhe€is€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing.€€òòState€v.€Binghamóó,€910ÏS.W.2d€448,€453€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1995)Ï(citing€òòState€v.€Bonestelóó,€871€S.W.2d€163,€167€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993)).€€To€beÏeligible€for€the€statutory€presumption,€three€requirements€must€be€met.€€TheÏappellant€must€be€convicted€of€a€class€C,€D,€or€E€felony.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(6)€(1994€Supp.).€He€must€be€sentenced€as€a€mitigated€or€standardÏoffender.€€òòIdóó.€€And,€the€defendant€must€not€fall€within€the€parameters€of€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(5)€(1994€Supp.).€€This€means€that€the€defendant€cannotÏhave€a€criminal€history€evincing€either€a€"clear€disregard€for€the€laws€andÏmorals€of€society"€or€"failure€of€past€efforts€at€rehabilitation."€€òòIdóó.€€Although€theÏappellant€is€a€range€I€standard€offender€of€two€class€E€felonies,€he€does€not€fallÏwithin€the€parameters€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(5).€€Therefore,€he€is€notÏafforded€the€presumption€favoring€alternative€sentencing.ÌÌà àMoreover,€we€conclude€that,€even€if€the€appellant€was€entitled€to€theÏpresumption,€the€presumption€is€rebutted€by€"evidence€to€the€contrary."€€€SuchÏevidence€may€be€found€in€the€presentence€report,€the€evidence€presented€byÏthe€State,€the€testimony€of€the€accused,€or€any€other€source€provided€that€it€isÏpart€of€the€record.€€òòBonestelóó,€871€S.W.2d€at€167;€òòsee€alsoóó€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40„35„102(6).€€Guidance€as€to€what€constitutes€"evidence€to€the€contrary"€mayÏbe€found€in€the€sentencing€considerations€codified€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103€(1990):ÌÒ ` ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓ(1)€€Sentencing€involving€confinement€should€be€based€onÏthe€following€considerations:ÌÌà à(A)€€Confinement€is€necessary€to€protect€society€byÏrestraining€a€defendant€who€has€a€€long€history€of€criminalÏconduct;ÌÌÌÌà à(B)€Confinement€is€necessary€to€avoid€depreciatingÏthe€seriousness€of€the€offense€or€confinement€is€particularlyÏsuited€to€provide€an€effective€deterrence€to€others€likely€toÏcommit€similar€offenses;€orÌÌà à(C)€€Measures€less€restrictive€than€confinement€haveÏfrequently€or€recently€been€applied€unsuccessfully€to€theÏdefendant.ÌÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÓÓÌòòBinghamóó,€910€S.W.2d€at€454€(citing€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€169).€€€Ìà àÌà àThe€appellant's€prior€criminal€history€includes€seven€convictions€as€anÍadult.€€The€presentence€report€also€reflects€that,€as€a€juvenile,€the€appellant€wasÏadjudicated€delinquent€for€the€act€of€breaking€and€entering€and€was€committedÏto€a€youth€correctional€facility.€ÌÌà àRegarding€the€failure€of€past€efforts€at€rehabilitation,€the€trial€court€foundÏthat€the€appellant€has€been€afforded€probation€on€numerous€occasions€and€allÏsuch€attempts€at€rehabilitation€have€failed.€€Specifically,€the€trial€court€noted:€ÌÒ ` ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓ[T]he€defendant€received€a€four€year€sentence€to€generalÏprobation€on€February€27,€1980,€for€[his]€robbery€conviction.€ÏThe€report€indicates€that€this€probation€was€unsuccessful€inÏthat€a€bench€warrant€is€outstanding€at€this€time€in€California,Ïcharging€violation€of€probation.€€At€about€age€17,€theÏdefendant,€as€a€juvenile,€was€placed€on€probation€forÏbreaking€and€entering€.€.€.€.€[And]€[m]ore€recent€offensesÏindicate€a€probation€sentence€for€D.U.I.€on€August€16,1989.€ÏA€probated€sentence€for€D.U.I.€on€April€11,€1990.€€[And]€[a]Ïprobated€sentence€for€[d]riving€on€a€revoked€license€onÏDecember€8,€1993.ÌÌÌÌÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÓÓ€€à àThe€trial€court€found€that€the€presumption€of€alternative€sentencing€wasÏrebutted€by€the€appellant's€"long€history€of€involvement€with€the€law,€beginningÏwhen€he€was€a€juvenile,€and€[the€fact€that]€various€rehabilitation€programs,Ïincluding€probation,€have€previously€been€attempted."€€òòSeeóó€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ïðððð€40„35„103(1)(A),€„103(1)(C).€€Moreover,€the€court€noted,€with€disapproval,Ïthat€the€appellant€is€seeking€probation€while€a€warrant€remains€outstanding€forÏviolation€of€a€previous€probationary€status.€€We€agree€with€these€findings.Ìà àÌà à€€Upon€òòde€novoóó€review,€we€conclude€that,€because€he€does€not€fall€withinÏthe€parameters€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(5),€the€appellant€is€not€entitledÏto€the€presumption€favoring€alternative€sentencing.€€Moreover,€even€if€theÏpresumption€applied,€we€conclude€that€confinement€is€necessary€due€to€theÏappellant's€"long€history€of€criminal€conduct"€and€because€"measures€lessÏrestrictive€than€confinement€have€failed."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„103(1)(A),Ï„103(1)(C).€€€Accordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.ÌÌÓÓÌÌà àà àà àà àà à____________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JudgeÌÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ________________________________ÌWILLIAM€M.€BARKER,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ________________________________ÌJERRY€L.€SMITH,€Judge