ÿWPC4 …U:V %U.– 0CÄn 04 N w@V 4– 0Jª 0Tô 0^H 0h¦ 0r 0|€ 0†ü 0‚ 1u 0d‡B)ëDC AMW B¤íÁ®v~ËvÓI D3 0@O AOÆÞ 0D¤ D/è B<þ6X9`("Courier NewTTX%ä2¼A`ArialTT(ÿÿ$òòÚ  ÚÚ  Úóó3|XZ«<þ6X9`("Courier NewTTXXxþ6X@ÉDQX@%ä2¼A`ArialTTTTXXXä2¼P±ŠQXP%ä2¼A`ArialTTTT„„…ä2¼P±ŠQ„P( ¤T$¡¡Ó  Ó FGDH eIJDKeLMNDOÓ€·‚^!l2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ% Line 7 d!!!!7Border 1dd€-"Cþÿ << Gÿÿ d ãÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€XÔÌÌò òFebruary€27,€1997ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ £ ÒÓ  Ó€€€€€òòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÔ€ÔThe€indictment€charged€the€appellant€with€two€counts€of€attempting€to€commitÏmurder€in€the€first€degree.ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò$$$$'ÿÿdxd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÝ  Ý›Ñ\R AØ'\ÑÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓ  ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€ÔÞ ÞÌIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌ̜ـ€ÙßR€#%"A1-j|` Å `€€@ÿRß›AT€KNOXVILLEÌÌNOVEMBER€1996€SESSIONÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà à€€APPELLEE,à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àNo.€03„C„01„9512„CC„00392Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àRoane€CountyÌv.à àà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àE.€Eugene€Eblen,€JudgeÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)à à(Sentencing)ÌJOHNNY€LOCKHART,à àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àAPPELLANT.à àà à)ÌÌÌÌFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à àà àà àà àà àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:ÌÌThomas€N.€DePersioà àà àà àà àà àCharles€W.€BursonÌAttorney€at€Lawà àà àà àà àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌ136€South€Illinois€Avenue,€Suite€104à àà àà à500€Charlotte€AvenueÌOak€Ridge,€TN€37830à àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0497Ì(Appeal€Only)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àTimothy€F.€BehanÌWalter€B.€Johnson,€IIà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌAssistant€District€Public€Defenderà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌ502€Roane€Streetà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493ÌHarriman,€TN€37748Ì(Trial€Only)à àà àà àà àà àà àà àCharles€E.€HawkÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àP.O.€Box€703Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àKingston,€TN€37763„0703ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àD.€Roger€DelpÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€AttorneyÏGeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àP.O.€Box€703Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àKingston,€TN€37763„0703ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:__________________________________ÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌJoe€B.€Jones,€Presiding€JudgeÌÑ7€fïXXdÖXXdÖ7ÑÓ  ÓÔ€„Ôò òO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó óÌÓ  ÓÔ€XÔÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€appellant,€Johnny€Lockhart,€entered€pleas€of€guilty€to€two€counts€ofÏattempting€to€commit€murder€in€the€second€degree,× ƒ& ××  ×€a€Class€B€felony,€following€hisÏpleas€of€guilty€to€the€offenses.€€The€parties€agreed€the€appellant€was€to€be€sentencedÏas€a€Range€I€offender,€but€there€was€no€agreement€regarding€the€length€of€theÏsentences€to€be€imposed€by€the€trial€court.€€A€sentencing€hearing€was€conducted€toÏdetermine€the€length€and€manner€of€serving€the€sentences.€€The€trial€court€imposed€aÏRange€I€sentence€consisting€of€confinement€for€ten€(10)€years€in€the€Department€ofÏCorrection€in€each€count.€€The€sentences€are€to€be€served€consecutively.€€The€effectiveÏsentence€imposed€by€the€trial€court€was€confinement€for€twenty€(20)€years.€€TheÏappellant€contends€the€sentences€imposed€are€excessive.€€After€a€thorough€review€ofÍthe€record,€the€briefs€submitted€by€the€parties,€and€the€authorities€governing€the€issueÏpresented€for€review,€it€is€the€opinion€of€this€Court€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€shouldÏbe€affirmed.Ìà àThe€appellant€lived€across€the€highway€from€Mr.€and€Mrs.€Albert€F.€Brummitt.€OnÏthe€evening€of€December€15,€1993,€the€appellant€went€to€the€Brummittsðð€residence€toÏuse€the€telephone.€€Mr.€Brummitt€answered€the€door.€€Although€Mrs.€Brummitt€told€himÏnot€to€admit€anyone,€Mr.€Brummitt€let€the€appellant€into€the€residence.€€Mrs.€BrummittÏled€the€appellant€into€the€kitchen€to€use€the€telephone.€€He€made€a€collect€call€to€hisÏmother.€€When€he€completed€the€call,€he€asked€Mrs.€Brummitt€for€a€glass€of€water.€€SheÏgave€the€appellant€a€glass€of€water,€and€he€placed€the€glass€where€she€requested.Ìà àMrs.€Brummitt€followed€the€appellant€into€the€living€room.€€She€thought€he€wasÏgoing€to€the€front€door.€€However,€the€appellant€walked€to€a€display€of€knives€on€a€wallÏof€the€living€room,€removed€a€knife,€turned,€and€cut€Mrs.€Brummitt€across€the€neck.€€AÏdoctor€testified€the€wound€was€superficial.€€The€appellant€walked€to€Mr.€Brummitt,Ïinflicted€a€twelve„inch€cut€to€his€left€arm,€and€stabbed€him€numerous€times.€€When€Mrs.ÏBrummitt€returned€with€a€rifle,€the€appellant€exited€the€residence.Ìà àMr.€and€Mrs.€Brummitt€required€treatment€at€a€local€hospital.€€Mrs.€BrummittÏtestified€she€has€trouble€sleeping€at€night.€€What€occurred€the€night€of€December€15thÏis€etched€in€her€mind,€and€she€thinks€of€the€occurrence€all€day€and€all€night.€€Mr.ÏBrummitt€is€suffering€from€post€traumatic€stress€disorder.€€Mrs.€Brummitt€said€Mr.ÏBrummitt€is€now€like€a€child.€€She€now€has€to€take€care€of€both€of€them.Ìà àThe€Brummitts€did€not€know€the€appellant€before€the€night€in€question.€€TheyÏhad€seen€him€in€the€yard€where€he€resided.Ìà àThe€appellant€challenges€the€length€of€the€sentences€imposed€by€the€trial€courtÏand€the€way€the€sentences€are€to€be€served.€€He€argues€the€trial€court€failed€toÏconsider€certain€mitigating€factors€in€imposing€the€sentence€and€erroneously€appliedÏcertain€enhancing€factors.€€He€also€argues€the€evidence€does€not€support€consecutiveÏsentencing.Ìà àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€length€and€manner€of€serving€sentences,€it€isÏthe€duty€of€this€Court€to€review€sentences€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€with€a€presumption€that€theÏdeterminations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€ÏHowever,€there€are€exceptions€to€this€requirement.€€First,€the€requirement€this€CourtÏpresume€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct€is€"conditioned€uponÏthe€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencingÏprinciples€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances."€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,Ï169€(Tenn.€1991).€€Second,€the€presumption€does€not€apply€to€the€legal€conclusionsÏreached€by€the€trial€court€in€sentencing€the€accused.€€òòState€v.€Bonestelóó,€871€S.W.2dÏ163€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€Third,€the€presumption€does€not€apply€when€theÏdeterminations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€predicated€upon€uncontroverted€facts€or€aÏdocument,€such€as€the€presentence€report.€€òòIdóó.Ìà àIn€conducting€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review,€this€Court€must€consider€(a)€the€stipulated€factsÏrelated€to€the€court€at€a€submission€hearing€and€the€evidence€received€at€theÏsentencing€hearing,€(b)€the€presentence€report,€(c)€the€principles€of€sentencing,€(d)€theÏarguments€of€counsel€relative€to€sentencing€alternatives,€(e)€the€nature€andÏcharacteristics€of€the€offense,€(f)€any€applicable€mitigating€and€enhancing€factors,€(g)Ïany€statements€made€by€the€accused€in€his€own€behalf,€and€(h)€the€accused'sÍpotential€or€lack€of€potential€for€rehabilitation.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„103€and€„210;€€òòState€v.€Scottóó,€735€S.W.2d€825,€820€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).Ìà àWhen€the€accused€raises€sentencing€issues€in€this€Court,€the€accused€has€theÏburden€of€establishing€the€sentences€imposed€by€the€trial€court€are€erroneous.€ÏSentencing€Commission€Comments€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d);€€òòAshbyóó,€823ÏS.W.2d€at€169.€€In€this€case,€the€appellant€has€the€burden€of€establishing€the€trial€courtÏerroneously€(a)€considered€enhancement€factors,€(b)€failed€to€consider€mitigatingÏfactors,€and€(c)€ordered€the€sentences€to€be€served€consecutively.Ìà àThe€trial€court€found€multiple€enhancement€factors€should€be€used€to€enhanceÏthe€length€of€the€appellant's€sentences€within€the€applicable€range.€€The€court€foundÏthe€following€enhancement€factors€were€applicable:€€(a)€the€appellant€has€a€priorÏhistory€of€criminal€behavior€and€convictions,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(1),€(b)€theÏvictims€were€particularly€vulnerable,€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(4),€and€(c)€theÏappellant€treated€Mr.€Brummitt€with€exceptional€cruelty,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(5).Ìà àThe€appellant€concedes€he€has€a€prior€history€of€convictions€and€criminalÏbehavior,€but€he€argues€the€weight€to€be€given€this€factor€should€be€slight.€€He€alsoÏconcedes€the€victims€were€particularly€vulnerable€within€the€meaning€of€enhancementÏfactor€(4).€€The€appellant€argues€the€trial€court€erroneously€applied€enhancementÏfactor€(5).€€However,€this€Court€cannot€decipher€the€argument€made€in€support€of€thisÏcontention.€€He€states€in€his€brief:€€"Defendant€would€submit€that€the€facts€whichÏsupport€the€charge€of€Attempt€to€Commit€Second€Degree€Murder€are,€in€fact,€the€sameÏfacts€which€would€show€exceptional€cruelty€to€the€victim."€€Apparently,€the€appellant€isÍattempting€to€state€this€is€an€element€of€the€offense,€and,€therefore,€the€trial€courtÏshould€not€have€applied€this€enhancement€factor.€€Contrary€to€the€appellant'sÏargument,€the€trial€court€did€not€enhance€the€sentences€predicated€upon€(a)€thereÏbeing€more€than€one€victim,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(3),€or€(b)€the€injuriesÏsustained€by€the€victims€being€particularly€great.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(6).Ìà àThe€trial€court€properly€applied€enhancement€factor€(5)€because€the€appellantÏdid€treat€Mr.€Brummitt€with€exceptional€cruelty.€€òòState€v.€Mallory€Michael€Robertsóó,ÏDavidson€County€No.€01„C„01„9309„CR„00295€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€August€4,Ï1994);€€òòState€v.€Terry€Joseph€Millionóó,€Jackson€County€No.€01„C„01„9303„CC„00100Ï(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€November€24,€1993).€€Mr.€Brummitt,€who€was€eighty„three€years€of€age,€was€stabbed€repeatedly€by€the€appellant.€€The€photographsÏintroduced€at€the€sentencing€show€the€nature€and€location€of€the€stab€wounds.€€WhileÏevery€act€of€attempted€murder€involves€an€act€of€cruelty,€the€appellant€demonstrated€aÏdegree€of€cruelty€beyond€that€required€for€this€crime.€€òòState€v.€Jespersonóó,€MonroeÏCounty€No.€03„C„01„9206„CR„00212€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€August€11,€1993);ÏòòState€v.€Witherspoonóó,€769€S.W.2d€880€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1988),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóóÏ(Tenn.€1989).Ìà àThe€appellant€contends€the€trial€court€should€have€considered€the€appellant'sÏmilitary€record€as€a€mitigating€factor.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(13).€€TheÏappellant€was€a€member€of€the€United€States€Marine€œCorps,›€served€two€tours€inÏVietnam,€and€was€decorated€for€bravery€in€the€face€of€the€enemy.€€This€Court€willÏconsider€this€factor€in€determining€the€length€of€the€sentences€imposed€by€the€trialÏcourt.Ìà àThe€appellant€takes€issue€with€the€decision€of€the€trial€court€to€require€him€toÏserve€the€two€sentences€consecutively.€€He€simply€states€the€record€does€not€supportÏthe€requirements€of€òòState€v.€Wilkersonóó,€905€S.W.2d€933€(Tenn.€1995).€€This€CourtÏdisagrees.Ìà àThe€appellant€has€previous€convictions€for€burglary,€damage€to€property,€andÏrobbery.€€He€has€a€robbery€case€that€has€been€pending€in€Franklin€County,€Ohio,€sinceÏ1984.€€The€appellant€left€the€state,€and,€thereafter,€failed€to€appear.€€He€currently€takesÏmedicine€to€control€seizures,€anxiety,€insomnia,€depression,€and€his€manic€depressiveÏpsychiatric€disorder.€€He€was€declared€disabled€by€the€Veterans€Administration€inÏ1982.Ìà à€€The€presentence€report€establishes€the€appellant€has€a€history€of€alcoholÏabuse.€€He€first€consumed€alcohol€at€the€age€of€10.€€While€he€was€received€into€aÏprogram€to€curb€this€abuse,€the€appellant€continued€to€consume€alcohol€the€entire€timeÏhe€was€in€the€program.€€Of€course,€he€did€not€successfully€complete€the€program.€€HeÏcandidly€admitted€to€the€presentence€officer€he€consumed€marijuana.€€In€the€1970'sÏthe€appellant€used€hallucinogenic€acids,€probably€LSD.Ìà àAccording€to€the€appellant,€he€was€under€the€influence€of€alcohol€andÏLorazepam€when€he€committed€the€crimes€in€question.€€He€remembers€going€to€theÏBrummittsðð€to€use€the€telephone,€making€the€telephone€call€to€his€mother,€and€askingÏfor€a€glass€of€water.€€He€has€no€memory€of€obtaining€the€knife,€attacking€Mrs.€Brummitt,Ïand€attacking€Mr.€Brummitt.Ìà àThe€offenses€committed€by€the€appellant€are€clearly€dangerous€offenses.€€He€isÏalso€a€"dangerous€offender."€€A€"dangerous€offender"€is€defined€as€a€person€"whoseÍbehavior€indicates€little€or€no€regard€for€human€life,€and€no€hesitation€about€committingÏa€crime€in€which€the€risk€to€human€life€is€high."€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(4).Ìà àIn€this€case,€the€sentences€imposed€by€the€trial€court€"are€reasonably€related€toÏthe€severity€of€the€offenses€committed"€by€the€appellant.€€òòWilkersonóó,€905€S.W.2d€atÏ938.€€Furthermore,€consecutive€sentencing€is€warranted€in€this€case€"to€protect€theÏpublic€from€further€criminal€acts"€by€the€appellant.€€òòIdóó.Ìà àWhat€is€to€prevent€the€appellant€from€committing€other€violent€crimes€in€theÏfuture?€€The€appellant€has€failed€to€curb€his€alcohol€problem€during€the€thirty„five€yearsÏhe€has€been€consuming€alcoholic€beverages.€€He€knew,€or€should€have€known,Ïdrinking€alcoholic€beverages€while€taking€certain€medication€would€cause€seriousÏbehavioral€problems.€€Unless€steps€are€taken€to€confine€the€appellant€for€severalÏyears,€he€may€very€well€attack€other€individuals€with€a€dangerous€weapon,€rob€aÏvictim,€or€burglarize€a€residence.€€In€this€case,€the€appellant€may€have€murdered€Mr.ÏBrummitt€if€Mrs.€Brummitt€had€not€appeared€with€a€rifle.€€It€was€then,€and€only€then,€theÏappellant€exited€the€residence€running.€€If€the€appellant€was€in€a€mental€stupor€due€toÏthe€consumption€of€drugs€and€alcohol€as€he€stated,€why€did€he€exit€the€residence€atÏthe€sight€of€a€rifle?€€Was€he€really€in€such€a€stupor?€€Ì€à àWhat€was€the€appellant's€purpose€for€attacking€the€Brummitts?€€The€appellantÏand€the€Brummitts€did€not€know€each€other.€€The€Brummitts€had€seen€the€appellant€inÏthe€yard€where€he€lived,€but€they€had€never€spoken.€€Was€he€going€to€rob€the€victims?€ÏOr€was€he€just€going€to€maim€and€kill€someone?€€€€€€€Ìà àThe€appellant€is€beyond€the€rehabilitative€stage€in€his€life.€€As€previously€stated,Ïan€effort€to€reform€his€life€was€a€complete€abomination.€€However,€it€is€extremely€sadÍthe€appellant's€life€has€to€come€to€such€an€abrupt€halt.€€He€served€his€countryÏhonorably.€€He€rescued€a€fellow€soldier€while€under€fire.€€Like€other€Vietnam€veterans,Ïhe€no€doubt€is€suffering€from€the€trials€and€tribulations€he€encountered€in€Vietnam€andÏupon€his€return€to€his€country.€€Nevertheless,€this€Court€cannot€permit€such€aÏdecorated€veteran€to€continue€to€run€rampant€consuming€alcohol€and€medicationÏwhen€it€was€this€combination,€according€to€the€appellant,€that€resulted€in€the€attacks€onÏthis€elderly€couple.€€The€question€this€Court€must€ask:€€Will€there€be€another€victim,Ïand,€if€so,€who?€€There€is€a€strong€likelihood€the€appellant€will€commit€another€seriousÏcrime€if€he€is€not€deterred€by€a€lengthy€sentence.Ìà àIn€summary,€this€Court€is€of€the€opinion€the€length€of€the€sentences€imposed€byÏthe€trial€court€is€reasonable.€€This€Court€notes€the€voluntary€consumption€of€alcohol€isÏnot€a€mitigating€circumstance.€€The€record€is€devoid€€of€evidence€of€how€theÏappellant's€abuse€of€alcohol€affects€his€mental€capabilities.€€The€addition€of€aÏmitigating€circumstance,€military€service,€does€not€equate€to€a€reduction€in€theÏappellant's€sentence.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Keelóó,€882€S.W.2d€410€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.Ïòòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1994).€€In€addition,€the€trial€court€properly€ordered€the€two€sentences€toÏbe€served€consecutively.ÌÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà à________________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€€€€€€€JOE€B.€JONES,€PRESIDING€JUDGE€ÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ________________________________________Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€PAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌ________________________________________Ì€€€€€€€€JOHN€K.€BYERS,€SENIOR€JUDGEÌ