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D3\ B) DC¸ AMû ðH AQ8 Ɖ 0DO 0D“ D/× Bã#àv~ævÓd˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLHÎ,†r‰AZ‹"Arial RegularX($¡¡(D(2´¤$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÓ  Óà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó ÄÅPÆDÇUÈeÉÊËÓ€×Ú§aö"Ôô3|xÚ("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô%ä2¼A`ArialTT2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ d 'ÿÿdxd% Line 7 d%%%%7Border 1dd* &Cþÿ << Gÿÿ æÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ+"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€XÔÌÌò òAugust€22,€1997ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó*+ ,-Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó..'÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd ÙÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$ÝÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓ  Óà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€jury€also€convicted€the€defendant€of€attempting€to€commit€murder€in€theÏfirst€degree€during€the€perpetration€of€a€felony.€€The€trial€court€sentenced€the€defendantÏon€this€count€and€ordered€the€two€sentences€to€be€served€consecutively.€€Ìà àThe€record€contains€one€sentencing€judgment€form€for€the€offense€of€especiallyÏaggravated€robbery.€€It€does€not€contain€a€sentencing€judgment€form€for€the€attempt€toÏcommit€felony€murder.€€During€the€interim€between€sentencing€and€the€perfection€ofÏthe€appeal€in€this€case,€the€supreme€court€held€a€person€cannot€be€convicted€of€anÏattempt€to€commit€felony€murder€because€a€conviction€for€the€offense€does€not€requireÏthe€requisite€specific€intent€to€kill.€òòState€v.€Kimbroughóó,€924€S.W.2d€888,€892€(Tenn.Ï1996).Ìà àThe€record€is€silent€regarding€what€occurred€regarding€the€conviction€forÏattempt€to€commit€felony€murder.€€Ordinarily,€this€would€require€a€reversal€because€theÏjudgment€would€not€be€final.€€Thus,€the€record€should€contain€an€explanation,€in€theseÏcases,€of€what€course€of€action€was€taken.€€Since€this€offense€does€not€exist,€it€isÏobvious€the€trial€court€set€aside€the€conviction€and€dismissed€the€prosecution€in€viewÏof€òòKimbroughóó.€€Moreover,€this€Court€would€have€to€reverse€this€conviction€if€it€wasÏconsidered€on€the€merits.€€Ì ÖÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$ÝÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓ  Óà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝTenn.€Code€Ann.ðð€40„35„108(c).ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÝ  Ý›Ò  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑœÓ  ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÞ ÞÌIN›€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAT€JACKSONÌ̜ـ*ÙßR€'(&A1-j|XŽ` Å `€€@ÿRß›DECEMBER€1996€SESSIONÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà à)ÌÓ` °‡XœÈ“XÓà àà àà àà àà à)à àNo.€02„C„01„9511„CR„00351Ìà àAppellee,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àShelby€CountyÌv.à àà àà àà àà à)à àà àÌà àà àà àà àà à)à àW.€Fred€Axley,€JudgeÌRICHARD€MADKINS,à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à à(Especially€Aggravated€Robbery)Ìà àAppellant.à àà àà à)ÌÌÌÌFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à àà àà àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:ÌÌRichard€Madkins,€òòproóó€òòseà àà àà àóóJohn€Knox€Walkup€ÌTDOC€#107546à àà àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌCCA„South€Central€Correctional€Centerà à500€Charlotte€AvenueÌP.€O.€Box€279à àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243„0497ÌClifton,€TN€€38425„0279Ì(On€Appeal)à àà àà àà àà àSarah€M.€BranchÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌL.€Kathleen€Mitchellà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌAssistant€Public€Defenderà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493Ì201€Poplar€Avenue,€Suite€201ÌMemphis,€TN€€38103„1947à àà àJohn€W.€PierottiÌ(At€Trial)à àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà à201€Poplar€Avenue,€Suite€301Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àMemphis,€TN€€38103„1947ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àLee€V.€CoffeeÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà à201€Poplar€Avenue,€Suite€301Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àMemphis,€TN€€38103„1947ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àTerrell€L.€HarrisÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà à201€Poplar€Avenue,€Suite€301Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àMemphis,€TN€€38103„1947ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€__________________________________ÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌJoe€B.€Jones,€Presiding€JudgeÌÇò òÓ  ÓÔ€ ÔÑ7€‡™XdæXXdæ7ÑO€P€I€N€I€O€NÔ€„Ôó óÌÓ  ÓÔ€XÔÌÌÓÓÌà àThe€appellant,€Richard€Madkins€(defendant),€was€convicted€of€especiallyÏaggravated€robbery,€a€Class€A€felony,€by€a€jury€of€his€peers.× ƒ/ ××  ×€€The€trial€court,€findingÏthe€defendant€to€be€a€career€offender,€imposed€the€maximum€sentence€within€RangeÏIII,€consisting€of€a€$50,000€fine€and€confinement€for€sixty€(60)€years€in€the€DepartmentÏof€Correction.× ƒ0 ××  ×€€Ìà àThe€defendant€presents€six€issues€for€review.€€He€contends€the€evidenceÏcontained€in€the€record€is€insufficient,€as€a€matter€of€law,€to€support€a€finding€by€aÏrational€trier€of€fact€that€he€was€guilty€of€especially€aggravated€robbery€beyond€aÏreasonable€doubt.€€He€further€contends€the€trial€court€committed€error€of€prejudicialÍdimensions€by€(a)€giving€an€erroneous€instruction€on€reasonable€doubt,€(b)€overrulingÏhis€objection€to€the€vagueness€of€a€witnessððs€testimony€regarding€œher›€identification€of€aÏparticipant€in€the€crime,€(c)€permitting€the€state€to€engage€in€improper€argument€duringÏsummation,€and€(d)€denying€his€motion€for€severance.€€Finally,€he€contends€he€wasÏdenied€his€constitutional€right€to€the€effective€assistance€of€counsel.Ìà àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.Ìà àOn€September€27,€1993,€the€victim,€the€owner€of€a€liquor€store,€went€to€the€bankÏand€obtained€$15,000€in€cash€for€the€following€business€day.€€A€bank€guard€walkedÏthe€victim€to€her€car.€€She€placed€the€sack€containing€the€$15,000€in€the€trunk€of€herÏcar.Ìà àThe€victim€had€a€business€appointment€at€1:30€p.m.€at€a€restaurant€across€fromÏthe€Mall€of€Memphis.€€She€decided€to€shop€at€the€mall€prior€to€her€appointment.€€TheÏvictim€parked€her€car€in€the€mall€parking€lot€and€entered€the€mall€at€approximatelyÏ12:50€p.m.€€She€exited€the€mall€at€approximately€1:15€p.m.€€The€victim€looked€forÏsuspicious€individuals€in€the€parking€lot.€€When€she€did€not€see€anyone,€she€walked€toÏher€car€and€entered€the€vehicle.Ìà àAs€the€victim€placed€the€key€in€the€carððs€ignition,€she€saw€the€face€of€JoseÏHolmes€through€the€driverððs€side€front€window.€€Holmes€had€a€stocking€on€his€head.€ÏShe€saw€the€defendant€placing€a€stocking€on€his€head.€€The€victim€asked€Holmes€andÏthe€defendant€what€they€wanted.€€One€of€them€replied,€ð ðMoney.ðð€€She€told€them€she€didÏnot€have€any€money.€€The€victim€started€her€car€during€the€confrontation€and€crashedÏinto€another€vehicle€to€bring€attention€to€her€predicament.€€Since€the€door€was€locked,ÏHolmes,€who€had€a€pistol,€fired€through€the€window.€€The€projectile€struck€the€victimÍand€activated€the€car€alarm.€€Holmes€reached€through€the€window€and€removed€theÏkeys€from€the€ignition.€€He€went€to€the€passenger€side€of€the€vehicle,€opened€the€gloveÏcompartment,€and€pushed€the€button€to€open€the€trunk.€€He€took€the€victimððs€purse€andÏremoved€the€paper€sack€containing€the€$15,000€from€the€trunk.€€Holmes€and€theÏdefendant€fled€the€scene.Ìà à€The€victim€was€afraid€she€would€bleed€to€death€if€she€remained€inside€herÏvehicle.€€She€subsequently€exited€the€vehicle€and€laid€on€the€sidewalk€so€someoneÏwould€notice€her.Ìà àSeveral€witnesses€saw€Holmes€and€the€defendant.€€€One€witness€saw€HolmesÏwith€the€victimððs€purse€and€saw€him€remove€the€sack€from€the€trunk€before€fleeing.€ÏThis€witness€was€not€able€to€positively€identify€the€defendant,€but€the€witness€was€ableÏto€positively€identify€the€clothing€worn€by€the€defendant.€€Ìà àAnother€witness€saw€two€men€run€by€her.€€She€identified€Holmes€as€the€manÏwearing€white€and€armed€with€a€pistol.€€She€testified€the€defendant€resembled€theÏsecond€man.€€She€too€positively€identified€the€clothing€worn€by€the€defendant.Ìà àA€witness€running€errands€at€a€nearby€hotel€was€approached€by€two€men€onÏfoot€at€approximately€2:00€p.m.€€Both€men€had€been€running€and€were€gasping€forÏbreath.€€As€they€approached€the€witness,€both€men€were€looking€from€side€to€side€toÏdetermine€if€anyone€was€watching€them.€€According€to€the€witness,€both€men€woreÏjogging€outfits.€€The€witness€was€able€to€identify€the€clothing€worn€by€Holmes€and€theÏdefendant.€€He€had€a€brief€conversation€with€the€two€men.€€He€then€went€inside€theÏhotel.€€Later,€the€defendant€entered€the€hotel€and€asked€where€the€restroom€wasÏlocated.€€The€witness€told€him€he€did€not€know€where€it€was€located.€€The€defendantÍbegan€looking€for€the€restroom.€€Holmes€subsequently€entered€the€hotel€and€told€theÏwitness€he€needed€a€ride.€€The€witness€told€Holmes€he€would€not€be€leaving€the€hotel.€ÏHolmes€then€exited€the€hotel€and€began€walking€towards€Nonconnah€Creek.€€WhenÏthe€defendant€resurfaced,€he€wanted€to€know€where€Holmes€had€gone.€€The€witnessÏtold€the€defendant€his€friend€had€walked€towards€the€creek.€€The€defendant€beganÏwalking€in€the€direction€of€the€creek.€€After€hearing€the€sirens€of€police€cars€respondingÏto€the€robbery„shooting€call,€the€defendant€removed€a€stocking€cap€from€behind€hisÏback,€dropped€it,€and€began€to€run.Ìà àWhen€the€police€investigation€established€Holmes€and€the€defendant€were€lastÏseen€approaching€Nonconnah€Creek,€the€officers€sealed€the€area€so€the€twoÏperpetrators€could€not€escape.€€Two€officers€searched€the€creek.€€Helicopters€wereÏutilized€as€were€two€police€dogs.€€Holmes€was€apprehended€inside€the€creek€lying€inÏbushes.€€A€large€amount€of€money€was€lying€beside€his€head.€€The€defendant€wasÏapprehended€sometime€later.€€He€was€wearing€jogging€pants€with€a€green€shirt€asÏdescribed€by€the€witnesses.€€He€identified€himself€as€Corey€Brown.€€He€told€the€policeÏhe€was€only€trying€to€steal€cars€at€the€Mall€of€Memphis.ÌÌÓ  Ó€ò òI.ÌÓ  ÓÌà àó óThe€defendant€contends€the€evidence€is€insufficient,€as€a€matter€of€law,€toÏsupport€€his€conviction.€€He€argues€the€state€failed€to€prove€the€elements€of€the€offenseÏand€his€identity€as€a€perpetrator€of€the€crime.€Ìà àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence,€thisÍCourt€must€review€the€record€to€determine€if€the€evidence€adduced€at€trial€is€sufficientÏ"to€support€the€finding€by€the€trier€of€fact€of€guilt€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt."€€Tenn.€R.ÏApp.€P.€13(e).€This€rule€is€applicable€to€findings€of€guilt€based€upon€direct€evidence,Ïcircumstantial€evidence,€or€a€combination€of€direct€and€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòStateÏv.€Dykesóó,€803€S.W.2d€250,€253€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1990).Ìà àIn€determining€the€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence,€this€Court€does€notÏreweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€776,€779€(Tenn.ÏCrim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1990).€€Nor€may€this€Court€substitute€itsÏinferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€trier€of€fact€from€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòLiakas€v.ÏStateóó,€199€Tenn.€298,€305,€286€S.W.2d€856,€859,€òòcertóó.€òòdeniedóó,€352€U.S.€845,€77€S.Ct.Ï39,€1€L.Ed.2d€49€(1956).€€To€the€contrary,€this€Court€is€required€to€afford€the€State€ofÏTennessee€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€contained€in€the€record€asÏwell€as€all€reasonable€and€legitimate€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€from€theÏevidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).Ìà àQuestions€concerning€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€the€weight€and€value€toÏbe€given€the€evidence,€as€well€as€all€factual€issues€raised€by€the€evidence€areÏresolved€by€the€trier€of€fact,€not€this€Court.€€òòCabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€at€835.€€In€òòState€v.ÏGraceóó,€493€S.W.2d€474,€476€(Tenn.€1973),€our€Supreme€Court€said:€€"A€guilty€verdictÏby€the€jury,€approved€by€the€trial€judge,€accredits€the€testimony€of€the€witnesses€for€theÏState€and€resolves€all€conflicts€in€favor€of€the€theory€of€the€State."Ìà àSince€a€verdict€of€guilt€removes€the€presumption€of€innocence€and€replaces€itÏwith€a€presumption€of€guilt,€the€accused,€as€the€appellant,€has€the€burden€in€this€CourtÏof€illustrating€why€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€verdicts€returned€by€theÍtrier€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982).€€This€Court€will€notÏdisturb€a€verdict€of€guilt€due€to€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€unless€the€factsÏcontained€in€the€record€are€insufficient,€as€a€matter€of€law,€for€a€rational€trier€of€fact€toÏfind€that€the€accused€is€guilty€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòTuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€at€914.ò òÌà àó óIn€order€to€convict€a€defendant€of€especially€aggravated€robbery,€the€state€must€Ïdemonstrate€that€the€defendant€(a)€intentionally€or€knowingly€took€the€property€ofÏanother€without€consent,€(b)€with€the€intent€to€deprive€the€owner€of€the€property,€(c)€byÏputting€the€victim€in€fear,€(d)€by€employing€a€deadly€weapon,€(e)€and€the€victim€sufferedÏserious€bodily€injury.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„13„401€and€„403,€and€39„14„103.€€It€isÏsufficient€for€the€state€to€prove€the€defendant€acted€with€the€intent€to€assist€in€theÏcommission€of€the€offense.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„402.Ìà àThe€victim€testified€two€men€robbed€her€and€one€of€them€shot€her.€€SheÏidentified€Jose€Holmes€as€the€person€who€shot€her.€€Witnesses€saw€Holmes€and€aÏman€in€green€flee€the€scene€of€the€shooting.€€Minutes€later,€the€defendant,€wearingÏgreen,€appeared€with€Holmes€at€a€nearby€hotel.€€When€the€defendant€heard€sirens,€heÏbegan€to€run.€€Once€he€was€apprehended,€he€immediately€explained€he€went€to€theÏMall€of€Memphis€to€steal€cars.Ìà àThe€evidence€contained€in€the€record€is€sufficient€to€support€a€finding€by€aÏrational€trier€of€fact€that€the€defendant€was€guilty€of€especially€aggravated€robberyÏbeyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(d);€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,Ï319,€99€S.Ct.€2781,€2789,€61€L.Ed.2d€560€(1979).Ìà àThis€issue€is€without€merit.Ìò òÌÓ  ÓII.ó óÌÓ  ÓÌà àSeveral€issues€raised€by€the€defendant€have€been€waived.€€€Most€of€the€issuesÏhave€been€waived€because€they€were€not€included€in€a€written€motion€for€a€new€trial.€ÏSome€of€the€issues€have€been€waived€for€yet€other€reasons.Ìà àWhen€the€accused€in€a€criminal€prosecution€is€tried€and€convicted€of€a€crime,Ïthe€€accused€must€preserve€the€issues€he€or€she€believes€will€result€in€a€new€trial€in€aÏwritten€motion€for€a€new€trial.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€33(b).€€The€motion€must€be€filed€withÏthe€clerk€of€the€trial€court€within€thirty€(30)€days€of€the€date€the€sentencing€order€isÏentered€by€the€trial€court.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€33(b).Ìà àIn€this€case,€a€timely€motion€for€a€new€trial€was€filed€albeit€it€was€not€complete.€ÏHowever,€before€trial€counsel€could€amend€the€motion,€the€defendant€sought€and€wasÏgranted€the€right€to€proceed€òòproóó€òòseóó.€€€€The€defendant€did€not€amend€the€motion€orÏtimely€file€another€motion€to€preserve€the€issues€he€thought€would€result€in€a€new€trial,Ïand,€if€not€granted,€the€issues€he€desired€to€raise€in€this€Court.Ìà àThe€fact€the€defendant€is€a€layman€does€not€excuse€his€compliance€with€theÏrules€of€procedure.€€He€was€required€to€comply€with€the€rules€to€the€same€extent€as€ifÏhe€were€a€lawyer.€€òòSeeóó€òòCole€v.€Stateóó,€798€S.W.2d€261,€263„64€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.Ïòòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1990).Ìà àThe€failure€to€include€an€issue€in€the€motion€for€a€new€trial€when€there€has€beenÏa€jury€trial€generally€results€in€the€waiver€of€the€issue.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(e).€€This€ruleÏstates€in€part:ÌÒ ¸ ÒÒ X ÒÒ ¸ ÒÒ  ÒÓÓÌ[I]n€all€cases€tried€by€a€jury,€no€issue€presented€for€reviewÏshall€be€predicated€upon€error€in€the€admission€orÏexclusion€of€evidence,€jury€instructions€granted€or€refused,Ïmisconduct€of€jurors,€parties€or€counsel,€or€other€actionÏcommitted€or€occurring€during€the€trial€of€the€case,€or€otherÏground€upon€which€a€new€trial€is€sought,€unless€the€sameÏwas€specifically€stated€in€a€motion€for€a€new€trial;€otherwise,Ïsuch€issues€will€be€treated€as€waived.ÌÌÌÌÒ  ÒÒ  ÒÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓThis€rule€does€not€encompass€issues€which,€if€decided€favorably€to€the€accused,Ïwould€result€in€the€dismissal€of€the€prosecution.€€òòState€v.€Keelóó,€882€S.W.2d€410,€415„16€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1994)(variance€between€indictment€andÏevidence);€òòState€v.€Davisóó,€748€S.W.2d€206,€207€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.Ïòòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1988)(sufficiency€of€indictment€and€evidence);€€òòState€v.€Mooreóó,€713ÏS.W.2d€670,€673„74€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1985)(sufficiency€of€the€evidence);€òòState€v.ÏDurhamóó,€614€S.W.2d€815,€816€n.1€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1981).Ìà àThe€defendant€contends€the€assistant€district€attorney€general€engaged€inÏprosecutorial€misconduct€during€summation.€€This€issue€was€not€included€in€theÏmotion€for€a€new€trial€and,€therefore,€was€waived.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(e).€€Also,€noÏobjection€was€entered€contemporaneously€with€the€making€of€these€statements.€€Tenn.ÏR.€App.€P.€36(a).Ìà àThe€defendant€further€contends€the€trial€court€committed€error€of€prejudicialÏdimensions€by€denying€his€motion€for€a€severance€of€defendants.€€He€argues€theÏevidence€of€Holmesððs€guilt€was€much€stronger€than€the€evidence€of€his€guilt;€and€it€wasÏpossible€for€him€to€be€found€guilty€based€upon€his€association€with€Holmes.€€€ThisÏissue€was€not€included€in€the€motion€for€a€new€trial€and,€therefore,€was€waived.€€Tenn.ÍR.€App.€P.€3(e).€€Moreover,€the€record€does€not€contain€the€hearing€on€this€motion.€ÏòòSeeóó€òòState€v.€œBanesóó,›€874€S.W.2d€73,€82€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóóÏ(Tenn.€1994);€òòState€v.€Eldridgeóó,€749€S.W.2d€756,€757€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.Ïòòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1988);€òòState€v.€Mortonóó,€639€S.W.2d€666,€668€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.Ïòòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1982).€€Moreover,€this€Court€must€presume€the€decision€wasÏcorrect.€€òòState€v.€Locustóó,€914€S.W.2d€554,€557€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995);€òòState€v.ÏRichardsonóó,€875€S.W.2d€671,€674€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.Ï1994).Ìà àThis€Court€has€reviewed€these€issues€to€the€extent€the€record€will€permit€review.€ÏIf€these€issues€were€considered€on€the€merits,€they€would€be€found€to€be€without€merit.€€Ìà àFinally,€the€defendant€contends€he€was€denied€his€constitutional€right€to€theÏeffective€assistance€of€counsel.€€This€issue€was€not€included€in€the€motion€for€a€newÏtrial.€€Also,€no€evidence€was€offered€during€the€motion€for€a€new€trial€regarding€thisÏissue.€€Nevertheless,€€this€Court€is€of€the€opinion€the€defendantððs€right€to€litigate€theÏissue€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€in€a€post„conviction€suit€should€be€preserved.€ÏIt€has€been€said€on€numerous€occasions€raising€this€issue€post„trial€is€a€practiceÏð ðfraught€with€peril.ðð€ÌÌò òÓ  ÓIII.ÌÓ  ÓÌà àó óThe€defendant€contends€the€trial€court€gave€an€erroneous€instruction€onÏreasonable€doubt.€€The€instruction€given€by€the€trial€court,€òòseeóó€T.P.I.€„„€Crim.€2.03,€hasÏbeen€held€to€be€constitutional,€by€the€supreme€court€and€this€court.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.ÍNicholsóó,€877€S.W.2d€722,€734€(Tenn.€1994);€òòPettyjohn€v.€Stateóó,€885€S.W.2d€364€(Tenn.ÏCrim.€App.€1994).Ìà àThis€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌò òÓ  ÓIV.ó óÌÓ  ÓÌà àThe€defendant€contends€the€trial€court€committed€error€of€prejudicial€dimensionsÏwhen€it€failed€to€strike€Kelly€Smithððs€testimony€that€the€defendant€resembled€the€manÏshe€saw€in€the€parking€lot€of€the€Mall€of€Memphis.€€On€direct€examination,€the€followingÏcolloquy€took€place:ÌÓÓÌà8 àà8 àQ:€€€Do€you€see€anybody€in€the€courtroom€today,€MissÏSmith,€that€resembles€„„€looks€like€the€person€that€you€sawÏon€the€driverððs€side€of€the€car?ÌÌÇà8 àà8 àA:€€€I€might€could€tell€if€the€other€defendant€stood€up.€ÏVaguely,€yes.€€I€see€something€somewhat€familiar,€yes.à àà àÌÌÌÓÓDefense€counsel€objected€on€the€ground€the€witnessððs€vague€identification€wasÏinsufficient€for€a€courtroom€identification.€€The€trial€court€permitted€the€witness€to€stateÏthe€defendant€resembled€the€man€she€saw€on€the€driverððs€side€of€the€car.Ìà àThe€vagueness€of€the€witnessððs€recognition€of€the€defendant€goes€to€the€weightÏof€the€identification,€not€its€admissibility.€€òòState€v.€Michael€Hallóó,€Shelby€County€No.€02„C„01„9304„CR„00062€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€August€24,€1994);€òòState€v.€Hullumóó,Ï664€S.W.2d€314,€318€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1983),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.Ï1984)(witnessððs€testimony€that€gun€ð ðappearedðð€to€be€the€gun€involved€in€the€robberyÏwas€sufficient€to€admit€gun€into€evidence;€the€weight€of€this€testimony€is€a€juryÏquestion).€€Moreover,€this€testimony€was€but€one€of€numerous€facts€establishing€theÏdefendantððs€identity.€€The€identity€of€an€accused€as€a€perpetrator€of€a€crime€may€beÏestablished€by€direct€and€circumstantial€evidence€that€establishes€the€defendantððsÏidentity€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.Ìà àThis€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌÓÓÌà àà àà àà àà àà à_____________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€€€JOE€B.€JONES,€PRESIDING€JUDGEÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ____________________________________Ìà àJOSEPH€M.€TIPTON,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌÌ____________________________________Ìà àJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÌ