WPCc LWGv/ǦH|Y7mx*dž1{Skz h!_^>f?< i֡M ޕ 3O7w -OVb;fF$ڲ&Yk:oW HKEOʪANi Pz+$=?DDD.qNzM-e &qg B65 Ƅw:Bg!zzκCjwk7Akb{T(XWH)ܶYd+/=p*}FDwzo+Ht>tڀ&T2lML\>nv̀+#.uȭHS7zYyӿRTNKn_ 6?7k"8؉kN֨r"dǹPoڌ}QT߭# F UNQ % 0( 4  U#: * b E N[ w@]   m U: 0l 0Dd U&: 0D &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D3*** 0D]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]] B AO   0D D/ BFHP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLh(9 Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($uM% @ d3|xj,cAZ"Arial Regular XnXXXMXXn   Ad FILEDXnXM  May13,1999CecilW.CrowsonAppellateCourtClerkdAM - - ;  #Xd#  jDjjjjDjjjDjjӀU,cAZ"Arial Regular((3$ !      0  (#$  0  ,  AZ"Arial Regular(3$ !   JOHNELLHOSKINSMONDELLIWALKUPBEHAN xxxxJohnellHoskins wAtAshby CrimJerniganMillsapsSeriaUUUU'dxd(3$ !   d-C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd !  ݛ_4 H   XnXXXTR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'Tjr*<,(j 8` `@E` 8ttxP,  rߛjINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  ATNASHVILLEMARCH1999SESSION  ` \  4X 474STATEOFTENNESSEE, 7 )  :   4 747  7 )C.C.A.No.01C019709CR00396 Appellee, 7 )     7 )DavidsonCountyV. 7 )     7 )HonorableThomasH.Shriver,Judge  n    7 )  T  ROBERTD.MERRITT,JR.,0 7 )0@ T$ T$(EspeciallyAggravatedRobbery):7T$7T$   7 )̀ Appellant. 7 )  \ 4c4 FORTHEAPPELLANT: c FORTHEAPPELLEE:  LIONELR.BARRETT,JR. c jJOHNKNOXjjPAULG.SUMMERSjjWALKUPj V WashingtonSquareTwo,Suite418 c AttorneyGeneral&Reporter < 222SecondAvenueNorthXnXXXnNashville,TN37201 c KIMR.HELPER X  c AssistantAttorneyGeneral#XnXXXn # >  c 425FifthAvenueNorth c Nashville,TN372430493 c VICTORS.(_TORRY_)JOHNSONIII c DistrictAttorneyGeneral c NICHOLASBAILEY c AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral c 200WashingtonSquare,Suite500 c 222SecondAvenueNorth c Nashville,TN37201 c OPINIONFILED:___________________ AFFIRMED J617  JOHNEVERETTWILLIAMS,  9R4: Judgej H  7CXXdXXd7    H  #Xd#    j ; 7=  H  7CXXdXXd7   j H  7CXXdXXd7   j  4 D4c  G>XXnOPINION#XnXG> #    XnXXXn Thedefendant,RobertD.Merritt,pleadedguiltytoespeciallyaggravated ( robbery,aClassAfelony.ThetrialcourtsentencedhimasarangeIoffendertotwentyfouryearsconfinement,tobeservedatonehundredpercent.SeeTenn. p  CodeAnn.4035501(I)(1),(2)(E).Thesolequestionpresentedforourreviewiswhetherthissentenceisexcessive.Weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.#XnXXXnN #XnXXXn X  #XnXXXna#XnXXXnԀ #XnXXXn#XnXXXn     Ӏ BACKGROUND  l #XnXXXn#<XnXXXn OnthenightofAugust25,1995,thedefendantandanaccomplice,Seria D Ward,drovetotheparkinglotofFirstUnionBankinNashville,Tennessee.Aboutthattime,thevictim,DonaldBonds,parkedhiscarnearthebanksautomatedtellermachineandgotouttomakeawithdrawal.ThedefendantgotoutofhiscaranddirectedWardtotakethedriversseatandpickhimupafterherobbedBonds.Bondswithdrewfortydollars,putthemoneyinhiswallet,andturnedbacktowardhiscar.Atthatpoint,thedefendantapproachedBondsand,brandishingagun,demandedhiswallet.AlthoughBondsrelinquishedhiswalletwithoutresistance,thedefendantshothiminthechest,narrowlymissingBondsheart.Ward,whohadbeenwaitinginthedefendantscar,immediatelydrovetothedefendant,pickedhimup,andthetwoleftthearea.Bondswasseriouslyinjuredbutmanagedtocallforhelponhiscellphoneandsurvived.̀#XnXXXn#XnXXXn ThedefendantandWardwereindictedforespeciallyaggravatedrobbery. ,', AfterWardwasconvictedinajurytrial,thedefendantpleadedguilty.Atthedefendantssentencinghearing,thetrialcourtfoundapplicableoneenhancementfactor!thatthedefendantwasaleaderinthecommissionoftheoffense!andnomitigatingfactors.Basedonthesefindings,thetrialcourtenhancedthedefendantssentencefromthepresumptivetermoftwentyyears,seeTenn.CodeAnn.#XnXXXn#XnXXXn3913403;#XnXXXn #XnXXXnԀ4035112(a)(1)#XnXXXnW#XnXXXn,totwentyfouryears. h728 Thedefendantconteststhissentence.#XnXXXn#XnXXXnԀ 494: #XnXXXn?#XnXXXn   STANDARDOFREVIEW   #XnXXXn#XnXXXn Appellatereviewofachallengetothelengthormannerofserviceofa  sentenceisdenovoontherecord,#XnXXXnc#XnXXXnԀ withapresumptionthatthedeterminations T madebythecourtfromwhichtheappealistakenarecorrect.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d).#XnXXXn0#XnXXXnԀThispresumption isconditionedupontheaffirmativeshowing  < intherecordthatthetrialcourtconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsandcircumstances.Statev.Ashby,823S.W.2d166,169(Tenn.   1991).Ifourreviewreflectsthatthetrialcourtproperlyconsideredallrelevantfactorsanditsfindingsoffactareadequatelysupportedintherecord,thenthisCourtmaynotdisturbthesentenceevenifwewouldhavepreferredadifferentresult.#XnXXXn#XnXXXnSeeStatev.Fletcher,805S.W.2d785,789(Tenn.Crim.App.1991).  Theappellantcarriestheburdenofshowingthathissentenceisimproper.See#XnXXXnp#XnXXXn  Tenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d)#XnXXXnl#XnXXXnsentencingcommn#XnXXXn#XnXXXnԀ#XnXXXn;#XnXXXncmts#XnXXXn~#XnXXXn;#XnXXXn#XnXXXnStatev.Jernigan, L 929S.W.2d391,395(Tenn.Crim.App.1996).#XnXXXn #XnXXXnԀ#XnXXXn#XnXXXn h  Inconductingourreview,thisCourtwemustconsider(1)theevidence,ifany,receivedatthetrialandthesentencinghearing;(2)thepresentencereport;(3)theprinciplesofsentencingandargumentsastosentencingalternatives;(4)thenatureandcharacteristicsofthecriminalconductinvolved;(5)anystatutorymitigatingorenhancementfactors;(6)anystatementmadebytheaccusedinhisownbehalf;and(7)thepotentialorlackojfjjrjpotentialforrehabilitationortreatment.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035102,103,210;Statev.Smith,735 x*%* S.W.2d859,863(Tenn.Crim.App.1987).#XnXXXn#XnXXXn D,',   ANALYSIS  /,+0 ! Thedefendant#XnXXXn #XnXXXnfirstcontendsthatthetrialcourterredinapplying 1-2 enhancementfactor(2)!thatthedefendant wasaleaderinthecommissionofanoffenseinvolvingtwo(2)ormorecriminalactors.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035114(2).Wedisagree.Relativetothisenhancement,thetrialcourtfoundthatthatthedefendantsuppliedboththecarandtheweaponusedintheoffense, 844: directedWardtodrivethecar,andtoldhimwheretowaitforthedefendantduringtheoffense.Inaddition,thedefendantwastheonewhoshotthevictim.Thesefactssufficientlysupportthetrialcourtsfindingthatthedefendantwasaleader.Thisissueiswithoutmerit.̀̀ Next,thedefendantarguesthatthetrialcourterredinfailingtofindthree    mitigatingfactors:jjThedefendantlackedsubstantialjudgmentduetoyouth,see x  Tenn.CodeAnn.4035113(6);thedefendanthasnopriorcriminalconvictionsasanadult;andthedefendantvoluntarilyenteredapleaofguiltyandtruthfullystatedthefactsofhisoffense.Wefindthatthetrialcourtwaswithinitsdiscretioninrejectingeachoftheseproposedmitigatingfactors. #XXXX_!#XXXXInconsideringwhetheradefendantlackedsubstantialjudgmentbecause @ ofhisyouth,chronologicalagealoneisnotdeterminative.SeeStatev.Antonio  \ D.Mason,No.01C01-9607-CC-00315(Tenn.Crim.App.filedOct.24,1997,at ( Nashville).#XXXX&#XXXXRather,wearedirectedto considertheconceptofyouthincontext,  i.e.,thedefendantsage,education,maturity,experience,mentalcapacityordevelopment,andanyotherpertinentcircumstancetendingtodemonstratethedefendantsabilityorinabilitytoappreciatethenatureofhisconduct.Statev. %X $ Adams,864S.W.2d31,33(Tenn.1993). &$"&  Atthetimeofhisoffense,thedefendantwastwentyyearsofageandingoodmentalandphysicalhealth.AsnotedinAdams,atwentyyearoldis an 8,', adultunderTennesseelaw.Id.Otherthanhisage,thedefendantsonlyproof .T). insupportofthisfactoristhetestimonyofhismotherwhostatedthathehadbeendiagnosedaslearningdisabledin1978or1979,whenthedefendantwouldhavebeenthreeorfouryearsold.Whilesuchadiagnosismightsuggestsomelessenedacademiccapacity,wedonotthinkitdemonstratesalackof substantialjudgmentastotheinstantoffense.Moreover,totheextentsuchevidencemightsuggestanylackofcapacity,itwouldnotbe,asthestatute 84: requires, becauseofyouth.Furthermore,thedefendanthasap#XXXX(#XXXXriorcriminal  historyinvolvingthepossessionofaweapon.Thishistoryandthedefendantsleadershiproleinplanningtheoffensesuggestafullappreciationfortheseriousnessofhisactions.Underthesecircumstances,wecannotconcludethattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthetrialcourtsdecision.Thisissueiswithoutmerit.#XXXXn-#XXXX Thedefendantnextproposesthathislackofanadultcriminalhistory D  shouldhavebeenaccordedsomeweightinmitigation.Thedefendantsmother,however,testifiedthathehadbeenarrestedfortakingaguntoschoolasajuvenile.#XXXX%/#XXXXԀInAdams,theTennesseeSupremeCourtconcludedthatjuvenile  criminalconduct maybetakenintoaccountinfashioninganappropriatesentence.Id.at34.Accordingly,inStatev.Carter,908S.W.2d410,413 @ (Tenn.Crim.App.1995)#XXXXv0#XXXX,thisCourtrefusedtomitigateanoffenderssentence  \ forlackofcriminalhistorybasedontheoffendersjuvenilehistoryofcriminalbehavior.#XXXX1#XXXXWelikewisefindthatthedefendantsjuvenilehistoryofcriminal  behavior,whileprobablyinsufficienttosupportenhancementofthedefendantssentence,issufficienttoprecludemitigatinghissentenceforlackofacriminalhistory.14 Wefindnomeritinthedefendantsremainingproposedmitigatingcircumstances. #XXXX2#jXXXX#XXXX5#jXXXX   CONCLUSION  -n(- /5jjjj Basedontheabove,wefindnoerrorinthetrialcourtsdecisionsregardingenhancementormitigatingfactors.Thejudgmentofthetrialcourtis,therefore,AFFIRMED.jj#XXXX 5#QDD/D 2-3  QDD/Djjjjj6jjjjjjjjjjjjj QDD/D QD_____________________________ 4 4 D   JOHNEVERETTWILLIAMS,Judge 95; 6Ӝj̛jCONCUR:̜j̛̛jXXXXjj_____________________________DAVIDH.WELLES,Judge#XXXX;#  J j;jjj_____________________________JOEG.RILEY,Judge