WPCr fN-9`i4|z)N]NuEDEETDDJO[QR)dXl喔P e#X%ՏYS"pZ {LQ r;bNۣ ~H4Vak*:s1rsSG)# s sҏpn ⧸)6v2N݋w< #V d@AAKPLݫM_`46dđՅbS,x–}1j7턾/0FB spCVN]'ZP)1^N v)̹f1ίmJ d(U9qm?`%r։G A~Cν4?oG]r2-J,%?:V,aB w>pԨtZȬu\d'Cz1*,wnl< %F U:L 0( UN w@ 4< P _ 0lG 0D U: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 D3V V V 0D AO   0D D/& BUX,  AZ"Arial Regular($(hH  Z 6Times New Roman Regular DUDUUVUUӀuM%3|x  XXXX SX X   Ad FILED XX S  January21,1999CecilW.CrowsonAppellateCourtClerkdAM ((3$ !      0  (#$  0  ,cAZ"Arial Regular d""""'dxd(3$ !  -C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd !  XXXX  TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'Tr*<,(j 8` `@E` 8ttxP  rߛ@  INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @FF'ATNASHVILLE@NN#OCTOBER1998SESSIONSTATEOFTENNESSEE, @-)  ` @-) p NO.01C019803CR00115   L   ` Appellee,@-)  8  @-) p PUTNAMCOUNTY     VS. @-)   @-) p HON.LEONBURNS,JR.,   TRACYSTEWARTMULLINS, @-) p JUDGE    @-) ` Appellant.@-) p (AggravatedSexualBattery) d (  @(#(#( FORTHEAPPELLANT: L FRANKLANNOMB.KEITHWILLIAMS 102E.MainStreet  Lebanon,TN37087(OnAppeal) DAVIDN.BRADY  D DistrictPublicDefender TERRYD.DYCUS  L H.MARSHALLJUDD AssistantDist.PublicDefenders "$! 215ReaganStreetCookeville,TN385013404(AtTrial) l&!%  FORTHEAPPELLEE: L% JOHNKNOXWALKUP  $' AttorneyGeneralandReporter KIMR.HELPER  * AssistantAttorneyGeneralCordellHullBuilding,2ndFloor425FifthAvenueNorthNashville,TN372430493 WILLIAME.GIBSON   F0 DistrictAttorneyGeneral JOHNB.NISBETIII  #3  SHAWNFRY  $4 AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral145AS.JeffersonAvenueCookeville,TN385013424 R'"7 (  @( OPINIONFILED:򀀀 .)= AFFIRMEDJOEG.RILEY,JUDGE  62F  7&XdXXd7@qq* OPINION    ` Thedefendantwaschargedwithonecountofaggravatedrape;ajuryconvictedhimofaggravatedsexualbattery.HewassentencedasaRangeIstandardoffendertotwelveyearsintheDepartmentofCorrection.Inthisdirectappeal,thedefendantraisesthefollowingissues:8 ` 8 ` ` (1)whetheraggravatedsexualbatteryisalesserincludedorlessergradeoffenseofaggravatedrape;  x x 8 ` 8 ` ` (2)whetherhereceivedconstitutionallyadequatenoticeofthelesserchargeofaggravatedsexualbatterysincetheindictmentchargedonlyaggravatedrape;  x x 8 ` 8 ` ` (3)whethercertainhearsaystatementsbythevictimwereproperlyadmitted;and  x x 8 ` 8 ` ` (4)whetherhissentenceisexcessive.  x x Uponourreviewoftherecord,weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.@^^) I.FACTS  b  ` DuringtheearlymorninghoursofJune22,1996,thedefendantandthevictimwereridingtogetherinacarwithseveralotherpeople.Theystoppedataplacenearthedefendantsmothershouse,andthedefendantandthevictimwalkedtogetherintoawoodedarea.Accordingtothevictim,thedefendantinsistedonengaginginsexualrelations.Sherefused.Hepushedhertotheground,rippedoffhershortsandpanties,torehershirt,andattemptedtohaveintercoursewithher.Atonepointhethreatenedherwithasmallpocketknife.Duringthestruggle,thedefendanthitthevictim,pushedherheadandfaceintotheground,andscratchedherchest.Althoughthedefendantwasunabletoperformintercoursewiththevictim,hedidpenetrateherwithhisfingers. ` Eventually,thedefendantgotuptourinateandthevictimrantoanearbyhouse.Thedefendantfollowedher.Thevictimpoundedonthedoor,andJamesQuallsletherin;thedefendantfollowedshortlythereafter.Thevictimattemptedtocall911,butthedefendanthungupthephone.Quallsseparatedthetwo,andthepolicewereeventuallycalled. ` MaxineQualls,Jameswife,testifiedthatthevictimwas cryingandshaking 8.4: and...upsetandsaid, [h]erapedme;herapedme.Shedescribedthevictimsappearanceasfollows:8 ` 8 ` ` Shehadonapairofbluejeanshorts,hadthestraddlecutoutofthem.Theyweresplitupbothsides.Shehadonasleevelessshirt.Ithadnobuttons.Shehadacutorascratchontheleftsideofherbreast.Shehadgrassandweedsinherhair.  x x Mrs.Quallsfurthertestifiedthatthevictimwasnotwearingunderwear. ` Thepolicearrivedandtookthedefendantintocustody.InhisstatementtoOfficerAltonC.AllenII,thedefendantadmittedthathe wantedsome,butdeniedinsertinghisfingersintothevictim.However,Dr.WendellBruceThomas,whoperformedanexaminationuponthevictimaftertheattack,founddirtandleavesinsidehervagina.Hetestifiedthatthiswasconsistentwiththevictimbeingthrowndowninawoodedareaandhavingoneormorefingersinsertedintohervagina.@$ II.LESSEROFFENSE  @  ` Thedefendantfirstcontendsthatthetrialcourterredwhenitgavethejuryaninstructiononaggravatedsexualbattery.Hearguesthataggravatedsexualbatteryisneitheralesserincluded,noralessergradeoffenseofaggravatedrape.Thestatedisagrees. ` Wenotethatatrialjudge mustinstructthejuryonalllessergradesorclassesofoffenses.Statev.Cleveland,959S.W.2d548,553(Tenn.1997).One 0*%( offenseisa lesserincludedofanother onlyiftheelementsofthegreateroffense,asthoseelementsaresetforthintheindictment,includebutarenotcongruentwith,alltheelementsofthelesser.Cleveland,959S.W.2dat553(quotingStatev. / +. Trusty,919S.W.2d305,31011(Tenn.1996)).A lessergradeoffenseis 1-0 establishedbystatute. Oneneedonlylooktothestatutestodeterminewhetheragivenoffenseisalessergradeorclassofthecrimecharged.Trusty,919S.W.2d p504 at310. ` Theoffenseofaggravatedsexualbatteryiscommittedwhenapersonhas 0948 unlawfulsexualcontactwiththevictimbyusingforceorcoercionandaweapon.  SeeTenn.CodeAnn.3913504(a)(1).񛀀Aggravatedrape,aschargedinthe  instantindictment,iscommittedwhenapersonsexuallypenetratesthevictimbyusingforceorcoercionandwhilearmedwithaweapon.SeeTenn.CodeAnn. P  3913502(a)(1). ` Theevidenceinthiscasesupportsachargeofaggravatedsexualbattery.Therefore,ifaggravatedsexualbatteryiseitheralesserincluded,oralessergradeoffenseofaggravatedrape,thetrialcourtdidnoterrbyinstructingthejuryonthisoffense. ` Asindicatedabove,aggravatedsexualbatteryisnotalesserincluded  offenseofaggravatedrapesinceitrequiresanelementthataggravatedrapedoesnot:thesexualcontactmustbeforthepurposeofsexualarousalorgratification.However,aggravatedsexualbatteryisalessergradeorclassoffenseof 0 aggravatedrape.Thesexualassaultcrimesaredividedintothegradesofaggravatedrape,rape,aggravatedsexualbattery,sexualbattery,andrapeofachild.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.3915502through505,522;Statev.Ealey,959   S.W.2d605,611n.5(Tenn.Crim.App.1997). ` Becausetheevidenceinthiscasesupportsachargeofaggravatedsexualbattery,andsinceaggravatedsexualbatteryisalessergradeorclassoffenseofaggravatedrape,thetrialcourtsinstructiontothejurywasproper.Thisissueiswithoutmerit.@qq  III.CONSTITUTIONALISSUES  -@),  ` Thedefendantnextcontendsthataconvictionforaggravatedsexualbatterybaseduponanindictmentforaggravatedrapeisunconstitutionalunderboththestateandfederalconstitutions.Specifically,hecomplainsthattheindictmentfailedtoprovidehimwithadequatenoticeofthelesserchargeandfailstoprotecthimfromdoublejeopardy. 0948 @ff$ A.AdequateNotice    ` OurSupremeCourtacknowledgedthat Tennesseelawrecognizestwotypesoflesseroffensesthatmaybeincludedintheoffensechargedinanindictmentand,may,therefore,formthebasisforaconviction:alessergradeorclassofthechargedoffenseandalesserincludedoffense.Trusty,919S.W.2dat 0  310.Thus,noticeofthechargedoffenseincludesnoticeofalllesserincludedandlessergradeoffenses.SeeStatev.Banes,874S.W.2d73,80(Tenn.Crim.App. @  1993)( Anindictmentchargingagreateroffenseimpliedlychargesalllesserincludedoffensesforwhichtheproofwouldsupportaconviction.)Otherwise,theprosecutorwouldhavetoseparatelychargetheaccusedwitheverypossiblelessergradeandlesserincludedoffensearguablysupportedbytheevidence.Ourconstitutionssimplydonotimposesuchaburden. ` Thisissueiswithoutmerit.@OO$ B.DoubleJeopardy  @  ` Wefurtherrejectthedefendantscontentionthattheinstantindictmentfailstoprotecthimfromdoublejeopardy.Thetrialontheprimarychargeofaggravatedrapewasalsoatrialuponalllesseroffenses.SeeStatev.Tutton,875S.W.2d295, $" 297(Tenn.Crim.App.1993)( Whenthereisatrialonasinglechargeofafelony,thereisalsoatrialonalllesserincludedoffenses,asthefactsmaybe.)(citationomitted).Anyfutureattemptbythestatetoprosecutehimforthisoffensewouldbebarredbydoublejeopardyprinciples.See,e.g.,Statev.Byrd,820S.W.2d739,741 ,`'* (Tenn.1991).   -@),  ` Thisissueiswithoutmerit.@||' IV.HEARSAY  3.2  ` ThedefendantsnextcontentionisthatthetrialcourterredinadmittingthetestimonyofMelindaKayQuallswhereinsherepeatsstatementsofthevictimoverheardinherparentshome.Duringhertestimony,Ms.Quallsstatedthatthe 0948 victimsaidthedefendantrapedher,thatheforcedher todothings,andthat hewascuttinghertryingtomakeherdowhathewantedhertodo.Thedefendantcontendsthat [a]dmissionoftheseprejudicialstatementsviolatedtherulesofevidence.Thetrialcourtallowedthetestimonybasedontheexcitedutteranceexceptiontothehearsayrule.SeeTenn.R.Evid.803(2).Thetrialcourtwas 0  correct. ` Anexcitedutteranceisahearsaystatement relatingtoastartlingeventorconditionmadewhilethedeclarantwasunderthestressofexcitementcausedbytheeventorcondition.Id.Here,thevictimsstatementsweremadeimmediately  followingherescapefromthedefendantandwhilevisiblyupsetfromtheevent.Thesestatementsareclassicexamplesofexcitedutterancesandwereproperlyadmitted. ` Thisissueiswithoutmerit.@  ' V.SENTENCING  @  ` Finally,thedefendantcomplainsthathistwelveyearsentenceisexcessive.Thetrialcourtimposedthemaximumsentenceonthebasisofdefendantscriminalrecordwhichincludedapriorrapeconviction.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035114(1) $" (enhancementisappropriatewherethedefendanthasaprevioushistoryofcriminalconvictions).Thedefendantofferednoproofofmitigatingfactorsatthehearing,andthetrialcourtfoundnone. ` Whenadefendantchallengesthelengthofhissentence,wemustconductadenovoreviewwithapresumptionofcorrectness.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035 -@), 401(d).Thispresumption,however, isconditionedupontheaffirmativeshowingintherecordthatthetrialcourtconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsandcircumstances.Statev.Ashby,823S.W.2d166,169(Tenn.1991).The 3.2 burdenofshowingthatthesentenceisimproperisuponthedefendant.Id. p504  ` Tenn.CodeAnn.4035210(c)providesthatthepresumptivesentenceistheminimumsentencewithintherange.Ifthereareenhancingandmitigating 0948 factors,thecourtmuststartattheminimumsentenceintherangeandenhancethesentenceasappropriatefortheenhancementfactorsandthenreducethesentencewithintherangeasappropriateforthemitigatingfactors.Iftherearenomitigatingfactors,thecourtmaysetthesentenceabovetheminimuminthatrangebutstillwithintherange. ` Defendantscomplaintthatthetrialcourterredbysentencinghimtothemaximumsentencebasedupononeenhancementfactoriswithoutmerit.Theweightgiventoenhancementfactorsislefttothediscretionofthetrialcourtaslongasthetrialcourtcomplieswiththepurposesandprinciplesofthesentencingactanditsfindingsaresupportedbytherecord.Statev.Moss,727S.W.2d229,238  (Tenn.1986);Statev.Leggs,955S.W.2d845,848(Tenn.Crim.App.1997).The p defendanthadacriminalhistoryincludingapriorconvictionforrape.Thetrialcourtgavegreatweighttothisenhancementfactor.Itdidnotabuseitsdiscretionindoingso. ` Thisissueiswithoutmerit.@& VI.CONCLUSION  "   ` Afteracarefulreviewoftherecord,weAFFIRMthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.̜  P(#& ̜ `     h      p _____________________________ `     h      p JOEG.RILEY,JUDGE @  М̜CONCUR:񜛜 ̜񛀀(NotParticipating) PAULG.SUMMERS,JUDGE  М ̜񛀀 @  JOSEPHM.TIPTON,JUDGE