WPC8 r߰(a4xDQ#ttzz(]L0>][$QvYp;"^o s6xLlڰm{DVvaymOFK5B/dBo@Ff̿N_e(hڅȖg&Xm8%>.z׳GĘs: øc98d #~=q}g𢎚_,[Gh9r}>g[X`^ڜIMc]qE;m'%+̀cQi 5fP"^bWsIh2SK wiG^npMXҫ\s(er~@_/x/`5񵴋kKȅ2aM2a20ń^+]j+MFaJfV i!M3`q_j =ҩ,1!X$'"!"˒ 8Ai/xߡh `U:@ %zbUUNU :#!(I nY 04 : wB 4F NZ ^ \ h 0j 0< m a  6 6 6 6 6 U:? ByU:U: AQ [ 0P! 0Pq 0D D3<6X9`("Courier NewTTX- - !(hH  Z 6Times New Roman Regular,6 AZ"Arial RegularHP LaserJet 8000 DN PS03|X<6X9`("Courier NewTTXXx6X@DQX@( T$  tpO'rV' ((2!&$  T!   4 X,XXX MRX X,   0  (AY0$XXXXD XX  0  U W [m"   X,XXX%XX,  _  Ad FILEDX,X%  October22,1999Cecil_Crowson_,Jr.AppellateCourt_ClerkdA _  $  4 XXXX rX X   1    ݀Thistermdescribesacommonholdingarea,inwhichinmatesmingle,atthefacility.,yAZ"Arial Regular d,yAZ"Arial Regular,yAZ"Arial RegularZ[\]_C<<CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5((3m$  T!   ((3m$  T!   ($$   1  'dxd  T!   _DD8>XXdd8XRXXX    TR[A'Legal3'A' Legal3'T  _vY_@0,j:`  `@E8 ` 8ttxPp  v__ X,XXXRINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  ATNASHVILLEFEBRUARY1999SESSION  STATEOFTENNESSEE,    *  T C.C.A.No.01C019807CC00292 @8      Appellee,     * T WilliamsonCounty     VS.    L     * T HonorableDonaldP.Harris,Judge    JEFFREYW.OSBORNE,    *r^44 <DL!T$&)\+- 0d247l9;>t@B$EXr T (PossessionofDrugs)      Appellant.    *      ~a4 <DL!T$&)\+- 0d247l9;>t@B$E4XLX~FORTHEAPPELLANT:    FORTHEAPPELLEE:  TRIPPESTEVENFRIED    JOHNKNOXWALKUP   L     302ThirdAvenueSouth    AttorneyGeneralandReporter   !   Franklin,TN37064 <        D      4    <     KIMR.HELPER       a4 <DL!T$&)\+- 0d247l9;>t@B$EXDXLXӀAssistantAttorneyGeneral̀425FifthAvenueNorth̀2dFloor,CordellHullBuilding̀Nashville,TN37243 4    <     RONALDL.DAVIS 4    <     DistrictAttorneyGeneral 4    <     SHARONE.TYLER 4    <     and 4    <     JEFFREYPRESTONBURKS 4    <     AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral 4    <     P.O.Box937 4    <     Franklin,TN370650937 L  *-"&* OPINIONFILED:_______________ X XAFFIRMED  706  XC X JOHNEVERETTWILLIAMS, ;4:  Judge  _ X X   *XXOPINION#XX *#    X :2 4DD  X Thedefendant,JeffreyW.Osborne,appealsfromhisconvictionbya   WilliamsonCountyjuryforPossessionofDrugsinaPenalInstitution,aClassC   felony.TheWilliamsonCountyCircuitCourtsentencedthedefendantasa   RangeIIIpersistentoffendertoelevenyearsintheDepartmentofCorrection,to | beservedconcurrentlywithapriorunrelatedsentence.Thedefendantasserts PH  that:     40 ,XDXLX0(1)Theevidencewasinsufficienttosupporttheverdict;   (2)thetrialcourterroneouslydeniedhismotionforseverance;   (3)thetrialcourterroneouslydeniedhismotiontocontinue;and  (4) thetrialcourterroneouslydeniedhismotionforjudgmentof   acquittalandincorrectlychargedthejurywhenthesheriffdid x  nottestifyastolackofconsenttopossesscontrabandinjail. f^ 4XDXLX ,44 WeAFFIRMthetrialcourtsjudgment.    Ӏ BACKGROUND    OnFebruary22,1997,thedefendant,aninmateattheWilliamsonCounty | t Jail,andthreeotherinmateswereinvolvedinatransactionwhichincludedthe H"@ transferandattempted coverupofcontraband.CorrectionalOfficerDale $   Cartertestifiedthatfromatoweroverlookingthejailpods Y0XXXXrXX  1      ׀ rXX XXXX!XXXXheobservedthe %" defendantdropawhitearticleandkickitunderadoorthatdividedtwopods.He ' $ saidhesawcodefendantBrandyMorsepickuptheobject.Hesaidhethensaw x)p"& OfficerHartley,whohadalsowitnessedthetransaction,entertheholdingareato D+<$( investigate.MorseranintoapodonHartley'sapproach.Carterthendescribed -&* whatmightpassforagameof"hotpotato":Morsehandedtheobjecttoco .', defendantTimothyRoberts,whopassedittocodefendantOrbinJonesbehind 0). Jonessback,whothenthrewthearticletowardMorse.Thearticlelandedon t2l+0 thefloor,andHartley,afterastrugglewithMorse,recoveredfivehandrolled @48-2  cigaretteswrappedintissuepaper.TheTennesseeBureauofInvestigation   6/4  laboratoryconfirmedthatthecigarettescontainedaScheduleVIcontrolled  substance,marijuana.    WilliamsonCountySheriff'sOfficeCaptainGeorgeRobinsontestifiedthat, l d asJailAdministrator,onFebruary22,1997,hehadissuednoneoftheco 80 defendantspermissiontopossesscontrolledsubstances.    Thedefendantfiledamotionforcontinuanceandasupportingaffidaviton   February20,1998.Thedocumentsassertedthatthedefendant anticipated,on h` informationandbeliefthatRandallReed,aninmateatthejailonFebruary22, 4, 1997,would beabletotestifybasedonhisownobservationsthatthedefendant  didnotpossessmarijuanawhileintheWilliamsonCountyJail.Thecounsel  attestedthatheobtainedasubpoenaforReedandtwiceverifiedthatReed  wouldbetransportedtocourtforthetrial.Counselfurtherattestedthaton d\ February19,1998,helearnedthatReedhadbeentransferredtofacechargesin 0 ( SouthCarolina.Thetrialcourtdeniedthemotion. !  Afterthetrial,Reedexecutedanaffidavit,attestingthathewaswillingto %" testifythatthedefendantplacedtwoMarlborocigarettesintissuepaperandslid `'X $ themunderthedoorseparatingthepods.Reedalsotestifiedatthedefendants ,)$"& hearingonamotionforanewtrial.Thetrialcourtdeniedthismotion. *#(  OnOctober27,1997,thedefendantfiledamotiontoseverhiscasefrom .', hiscodefendants,onthebasisofundueprejudice.OnJanuary21,1998,the \0T). defendantfiledasecondmotiontosever,allegingthatatleastonecodefendant (2 +0 mighttestifyonhisbehalfifthetrialcourtgrantedthemotion.OnFebruary17, 3,2 1998,thedefendantagainassertedthisissueinanothermotionforseverance. 5.4 Insupportofthismotion,thedefendantscounselexecutedanaffidavit.Counsel 706 attestedthatcodefendantMorse indicatedthathe[was]willingtotestifythat X9P28 Mr.OsbornekickedtwoMarlborocigarettesunderthedoorto[Morse]andthat  thecigarettesdidnotcontainmarijuana.CounselfurtherattestedthatMorse  mightbeunavailablefortestimonyatajointtrial,becausehemightinvokehis   FifthAmendmentrights.Atthetrial,however,counselforthedefendant l d admittedtoneveractuallyspeakingwithMorse.Thetrialcourtdeniedallthe 80 motionstosever.    Afterthetrial,Morseexecutedanaffidavit,attestingthatOsbornesold   Marlborocigarettes,notmarijuana,andthathiscounselhadadvisedhimnotto h` testifyatajointtrial. 4,   ANALYSIS   SufficiencyofEvidence  ) Thedefendantsubmitsthattheevidencewasinsufficientasamatterof d\ lawtosustainhisconviction.Whenanappellantchallengesthesufficiencyof 0 ( theevidence,thisCourtmustdeterminewhether,after viewing the evidenceina ! lightmostfavorabletotheprosecution,anyrationaltrieroffactcouldhavefound #  theessentialelementsofacrimebeyondareasonabledoubt.SeeJacksonv. %" Virginia,443U.S.307,319(1979);Statev.Duncan,698S.W.2d63,67(Tenn. `'X $ 1985);Tenn.R.App.P.13(e). Onadefendant'sappeal,thisCourtgrantsthe ,)$"& statethestrongestlegitimateviewoftheevidenceandallreasonableinferences *#( thatmaybedrawntherefrom.SeeStatev.Cabbage,571S.W.2d832,835 ,%* (Tenn. 1978).  .',  Thecredibilityofwitnesses,theweightoftheirtestimony,andthe (2 +0 reconciliationofconflictsintheevidencearemattersentrustedexclusivelytothe 3,2 trieroffact.SeeStatev.Sheffield,676S.W.2d542,547(Tenn.1984);seealso 5.4 Statev.Gentry,881S.W.2d1,3(Tenn.Crim.App.1993).Ajuryverdictforthe 706 stateaccreditsthetestimonyofthestateswitnessesandresolvesall conflictsin X9P28 favorofthestate.SeeStatev.Williams,657S.W.2d405,410(Tenn.1983).A  guiltyverdictalsoreplacesthedefendantspresumptionof innocencewitha  presumptionofguilt.SeeStatev.Grace,493S.W.2d474,476(Tenn.1973).A   defendantchallengingthesufficiencyoftheevidencecarriestheburdenof l d illustratingwhytheevidenceinsufficiently supportstheverdict.SeeStatev. 80 Freeman,943S.W.2d25,29(Tenn.Crim.App.1996).    Underthisstandard,wefindnobasisforremand.Theofficers'testimony   establishedthat,exceptforabriefmomentwhenonecodefendantpassedthe h` itembehindanother'sback,atleastoneofficerviewedtheitemfortheduration 4, oftheincident.     @  @ MotionforSeverance  /4 Thedefendantassertsthatthetrialcourterroneouslydeniedhismotionto d\ severbasedonunavailabilityofacodefendanttotestifyonhisbehalf.The 0 ( statemaylegitimatelyexpecttotryseveralpersonschargedwithoneoffenseat ! onetrial,seeStatev.Wiseman,643S.W.2d354,363(Tenn.Crim.App.1982), #  unlessseveranceisdeemedappropriateto promoteafairdeterminationofthe %" guiltorinnocenceofoneormoredefendants.Tenn.R.Crim.P.14(c)(2). A `'X $ motionforseveranceisaddressedtothesounddiscretionofthetrialjudge,and ,)$"& thedenialofsuchamotionwillnotbereversedonappealunlessitappearsthat *#( thedefendantwasprejudicedbythecourtsaction.Wiseman,643S.W.2dat ,%* 362.ThisCourtshallnotdisturbthetrialcourtsexerciseofdiscretioninthese .', mattersabsentaclearabuseofdiscretion.SeeStatev.Burton,751S.W.2d \0T). 440,447(Tenn.Crim.App.1988). Thetestfordeterminingwhetheratrialcourt (2 +0 hasabuseditsdiscretionindenyingaseveranceiswhetherornotthedefendant 3,2 wasclearlyprejudicedinhisdefensebybeingjointlytriedwithhisco 5.4 defendants.Id.󀀀 Therecordmustdemonstratethatthedefendantwasclearly 706 prejudicedtothepointthatthetrialcourtsdiscretionendedandthegrantingof X9P28 [a]severancebecameajudicialduty.Id.Inanappealofatrialcourtsdenying  suchmotion,therecordmustestablishboththatthecodefendantwouldhave  testifiedandthatthetestimonywouldhavebeenexculpatory.Seeid.󀀀    Intheinstantcase,counselsaffidavitattestedthatcounselhadspoken 80 withMorseanddeterminedthatthecodefendantwouldtestifyfavorablyforthe   defendantbutforthepossibilitythathemightinvokehisFifthAmendmentrights.   "Itisnotanabusethetrialcourt'sdiscretiontorefusetoseverwhenthe   defendantclaimsthatacodefendantwouldhavegivenexculpatoryevidenceat h` aseparatetrialbutthecodefendantinvokedthefifthamendmentatajointtrial. 4, Statev.Ash,729S.W.2d275,279(Tenn.Crim.App.1986).Wedonotfinda  clearabuseofdiscretioninthismatterorclearprejudiceenuringtothe  defendant.Grantingthedefendantsmotiontoseverdidnotbecomea judicial  duty. d\    @  @  @< MotionforContinuance ! @ Thedefendantassertsthatthetrialcourterroneouslydeniedhismotion #  foracontinuancebasedonunavailabilityofawitness.Thedispositionofa %" motionforcontinuancerestswithinthesounddiscretionofthetrialcourt,see `'X $ Statev.Seals,735S.W.2d849,853(Tenn.Crim.App.1987),andthisCourtwill ,)$"& notoverturnthetrialcourtsdeterminationunless itappearsonthefaceofthe *#( recordthat(a)thetrialcourthasabuseditsdiscretionand(b)prejudiceenured ,%* totheaccusedasadirectresultofthetrialcourtsruling.Statev.Covington, .', 845S.W.2d784,787(Tenn.Crim.App.1992).Thedefendantmustprovidea \0T).  clearshowingofanabuseofdiscretion,totheprejudiceofthedefendant. (2 +0 Woodsv.State,552S.W.2d782,784(Tenn.Crim.App.1977). 3,2  Whenanaccusedrequestsacontinuanceongroundsofamissing 706 witness,theaccusedmustprovideanaffidavitestablishingthefollowing: X9P28  40 ,XDXLX0(a)[T]hesubstanceofthefactsthedefendantexpectstoprove    throughtheunavailablewitness;  (b)sufficientfactstoestablishtherelevanceandmaterialityofthe   testimony;   (c)theadmissibilityofthetestimony,ifthewitnesswasavailable;   (d)thenoncumulativenatureofthetestimony;  ~ (e)thewitnessavailabilityatalaterdate;and l d (f) duediligenceinattemptingtoobtainthepresenceofthe  R J  witness. 80 4 uEgE4XDXLX ,E4Statev.Zirkle,910S.W.2d874,884(Tenn.Crim.App.1995).    Themotionandaffidavitonlyanticipatethatthecodefendantmight   provideexculpatorytestimony.Despitetheaffidavitsanticipationthatthe h` witnesswouldbenefithim,counseladmittedtothetrialcourtonthedayofthe 4, trialthathehadnotspokenwiththewitness.Wedonotfindthatthetrialcourt  arbitrarilydeniedthismotionthatwasbasedonanticipationandconjecture.  ЀI  LackofConsenttoPossessContrabandinJail JB 9K Thedefendantassertsthatthetrialcourterroneouslydeniedhismotion ! forajudgmentofacquittalandrefusedhisrequestforspecialjuryinstructions. " Bothassertionsarebasedoncertainstatutorylanguageregardingthepertinent $! offense:Absent expresswrittenconsentofthechiefadministratorofthe z&r# institutionnopersonmaypossesscertainsubstancesorarticlesinthatpenal F(>!% institution.Tenn.CodeAnn.3916201.Otherwise,possessionconstitutesa * #' ClassCfelony.Seeid. +$)  Thedefendantsfirstassertionregardingthisissueessentiallychallenges v/n(- thesufficiencyoftheevidence,seeStatev.JimmyBowen,No.03C019612CR B1:*/ 00460(Tenn.Crim.App.filedDec.23,1997,atKnoxville),becausethestate 3,1 presentedthetestimonyofCaptainGeorgeRobinson,administratorofthe 4-3 WilliamsonCountyjail,forproofofthelackofwrittenconsent.Thisproofis 6/5 insufficient,thedefendantargues,becauseonlytheSheriffisthe chief r8j17 administratorofthejail. >:639 Ї Wedisagree.First,priorpanelsofthisCourthaveupheldconvictions  underthisstatute,absenttestimonyfromanyadministrativepersonnelwithina  givenjailsystem,aslongasa juryhadarationalbasisforitsconclusion[oflack   ofconsent]eventhoughthestatedidnotestablishbypositiveproofthatconsent l d hadnotbeenprovidedbythechiefadministratoroftheinstitution.Statev. 80 JimmyCullop,Jr.,No.03C019607CR00281(Tenn.Crim.App.filedMar.18,   1997,atKnoxville).Theabsenceofanentryofadministrativeconsent isdirect   proofthatthechiefadministratorhadnotgivenhisconsent.Id.Further,inthe   presentcase,thecircumstancesofthetransferandthesubsequenteffortsto h` keepthearticlefromtheinvestigatingofficerevidencethelackofconsentfor 4, possession.Seeid.;Statev.JimmyBowen,No.03C019612CR00460(Tenn.  Crim.App.filedDec.23,1997,atKnoxville).   Wefurthernotethatasheriffisdirectedtotakechargeofcustodyof d\ prisonersandkeepthempersonally,"orbydeputiesorjailer,"untildischargedby 0 ( law.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.88201(emphasisadded).Asheriffmaydelegate ! responsibilityforprisonermaintenance.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.414101. #  AlthoughRobinsoncorrectlystatedthatultimateauthorityforthejail,asforall %" aspectsoftheSheriff'sDepartment,restsontheSheriff,Robinsonstestimony `'X $ establishedthatheadministratedthejail.WeconcludethatRobinsonqualified ,)$"& asa chiefadministratorandthuscouldtestifythatthedefendantlacked *#( permissiontopossessanillegalcontrolledsubstance. ,%*   Thedefendantfurtherassertsthatthejuryinstructionswereerroneous \0T). becausethetrialcourtdeniedthedefendant'srequesttoissueadefinitionof (2 +0 chiefadministratorunderthestatute.Thedefendantconcedesthattheterm 3,2 chiefadministratorisnotdefinedbythestatuteinquestion.Theissued 5.4 instructionstrackedthelanguageofTennesseePatternInstruction23.01,fully 706 andfairlystatingapplicablelaw.Intheirentirety,theseinstructionsfairly X9P28 submittedthelegalissuestothejury,andthetrialcourtdidnoterrbydeclining  thedefendantsspecialrequest.SeeStatev.Phipps,883S.W.2d138,142  (Tenn.Crim.App.1994);Statev.Rogers,703S.W.2d166,170(Tenn.Crim.   App.1985). l d  Wedonotfindthatthephrase chiefadministratorofajailhasa   "technicalmeaning"beyondthecapabilitiesofthejurorstoconcludewhois   responsibleforthedaytodaymaintenanceofthejailabsentaspecial   instruction.SeeStatev.McAfee,737S.W.2d304,308(Tenn.Crim.App.1987). h` ThejuryheardRobinsonstestimonyanddeterminedthatitsatisfiedthe 4, statutoryrequirements.     CONCLUSION   /_ WeAFFIRMthetrialcourtsjudgment. d\    <        D _____________________________ #     <        D JOHNEVERETTWILLIAMS,Judge $! CONCUR: z&r# ______________________________ +$) DAVIDG.HAYES,Judge ,%* _______________________________#XXX!Xq## XX3#XX  (2 +0 JAMESCURWOODWITT,JR.,Judge# XX큾a#