ÿWPC ¡WðWr/u°çš*¹¤*ÛÝA0dźPhc–? za˜•˜A5HÞ°â”Q ¬ã…]†"mœëƒ%uÔb„¢„{iæÕQ5<²¶T;›Ë,÷gÈ|)!°[šöÝÒaG£íŠÎçq|]à^3UŸ ükðÆõU9ÙÊ:º’ø««Ôi"D>¹O†t,š´Ëwâc¿Ñê2u=õÞd¯¨mìÇ=XÔÁ”‡;±¸Gý€E&™²™D'ÿeo¦Ù±íôNCÉÒmÞÊ:vŸ¶ç£sÃOrÖÿ¯s!+4Íd $o3`V§H†]>Q¾YÛ?îŽÛU cÈþzEÊÎhÖ¥Ó{ÄödøæŒ&Õæü×+ °ëâ¼NÕ¦ôM·SVˆùÐ,Û£Ú-´-óÄ'!ÿˆ`b—õ»]&g›oÔ;‡­cd|Ù,ô]VØ_ò‘l¤ŒmžâÅ‹ £Ú­ölCV˜åOêZ|¿a¥F˜|Y_ø=ú8É_Üdï$ØFY5@£ !|öõÃ{‚Ÿ3ÿœ£Fc.o/ºñk{Ã…Ò—²ˆa΀m¸1*ý…ºpÿ™Ø)åv@ ³<¦Áp‚CœƒEóFÇ 4¹’$I•*# LUNW %¥ 0(«U:Ób w@4Ui 0 Æx 0D>u‚(÷u Å” cYU :¼U:ö(0U:XÅ’U:Wc‘U:ô.)6U:____ B™ AQ¶Æ 0DÍ 0D 0DUU D/™™ BÈ D3å˜HP LaserJet 4HPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLàÏ(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡,“í|AZ‹"Arial Regular- ù- 8U9:U;<U=>U? e@AÓ€'H%3|xL(v(2 $¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X©¹XXXÔÔ€ôÅôXX©¹Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó kÝ ƒ Iç$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X XXXÔÔ€ôö¬ô XX Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAppellant€was€also€indicted€for€driving€on€a€revoked€license.€€ò òó óAppellant€entered€a€guilty€plea€toÐ `  Ðthat€charge€and€he€does€not€challenge€his€conviction€or€sentence€for€that€offense. Ý ƒ Iç$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X XXXÔÔ€ôö¬ô XX Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝOfficer€Bates€did€not€testify€about€the€results€of€the€third€test€during€either€direct€or€cross„Ð `  Ðexamination. kÝ ƒ  $ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X©¹XXXÔÔ€ôÅôXX©¹Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAppellant€was€also€indicted€for€driving€on€a€revoked€license.€€ò òó óAppellant€entered€a€guilty€plea€toÐ `  Ðthat€charge€and€he€does€not€challenge€his€conviction€or€sentence€for€that€offense. »Ý ƒ Iç$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X XXXÔÔ€ôö¬ô XX Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€record€indicates€that€the€trial€court€instructed€the€jury€that€they€could€find€Appellant€guilty€ifÐ `  Ðthey€found€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€1)€he€had€been€driving€with€a€blood„alcohol€content€of€.10%€orÏmore,€or€2)€he€had€been€driving€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€or€drug.€€The€court€also€instructed€theÏjury€that€evidence€of€a€blood„alcohol€content€of€.10%€or€more€created€a€presumption€that€Appellant€wasÏunder€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€or€drug,€but€they€were€free€to€disregard€that€presumption.€ò òó ó YÝ ƒ Iç$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X XXXÔÔ€ôö¬ô XX Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAlthough€Appellant€does€not€directly€challenge€the€constitutionality€of€section€55„10„401(a)(2)Ð `  Ðitself,€we€note€that€courts€have€consistently€held€that€ð ðper€se€blood„alcohol€offense€statutesðð€do€not€createÏunconstitutional€presumptions€about€evidence,€but€instead€specifically€define€prohibited€conduct.€€òòSeeóóÐ Ü | ÐòòLester€v.€Stateóó,€253€Ga€235,€320€S.E.2d€142€(1984);€òòPeople€v.€Ziltzóó,€98€Ill.€2d€38,€455€N.E.2d€70€(1983);Ð š : ÐòòState€v.€Vogelóó,€467€N.W.2d€86€(N.D.€1991);€€òòState€v.€OððConnor,óó€220€N.J.€Super.€104,€531€A.2d€741Ð X ø Ð(1984);€òòForte€v.€State,óó€707€S.W.2d€89€€(Tex.€Crim.€App.€1986).€,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ý ƒ Iç$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X XXXÔÔ€ôö¬ô XX Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝOfficer€Bates€did€not€testify€about€the€results€of€the€third€test€during€either€direct€or€cross„Ð `  Ðexamination.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular »Ý ƒ Iç$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X XXXÔÔ€ôö¬ô XX Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€record€indicates€that€the€trial€court€instructed€the€jury€that€they€could€find€Appellant€guilty€ifÐ `  Ðthey€found€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€1)€he€had€been€driving€with€a€blood„alcohol€content€of€.10%€orÏmore,€or€2)€he€had€been€driving€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€or€drug.€€The€court€also€instructed€theÏjury€that€evidence€of€a€blood„alcohol€content€of€.10%€or€more€created€a€presumption€that€Appellant€wasÏunder€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€or€drug,€but€they€were€free€to€disregard€that€presumption.€ò òó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular YÝ ƒ Iç$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X XXXÔÔ€ôö¬ô XX Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAlthough€Appellant€does€not€directly€challenge€the€constitutionality€of€section€55„10„401(a)(2)Ð `  Ðitself,€we€note€that€courts€have€consistently€held€that€ð ðper€se€blood„alcohol€offense€statutesðð€do€not€createÏunconstitutional€presumptions€about€evidence,€but€instead€specifically€define€prohibited€conduct.€€òòSeeóóÐ Ü | ÐòòLester€v.€Stateóó,€253€Ga€235,€320€S.E.2d€142€(1984);€òòPeople€v.€Ziltzóó,€98€Ill.€2d€38,€455€N.E.2d€70€(1983);Ð š : ÐòòState€v.€Vogelóó,€467€N.W.2d€86€(N.D.€1991);€€òòState€v.€OððConnor,óó€220€N.J.€Super.€104,€531€A.2d€741Ð X ø Ð(1984);€òòForte€v.€State,óó€707€S.W.2d€89€€(Tex.€Crim.€App.€1986).€,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ý ƒ"¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€X©¹XXXÔÔ€Ã( XX©¹ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X©¹X Ã(ÔÐ  ÐÌò òDecember€15,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôÅôXX©¹ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular d!"#$&Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó(('÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝñAññ?ñ›ñ?ññAñÑ` °ÑÒ°ÒÒ„°ÒÔ€Šò³ŠXXÔÔ€Šƒ3ŠŠŠò³ÔÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ€ÑÑ7€Æ(XXdìXXdð7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò òñAñßr€ )<,(j 8` `€€@Eôf ` ttx$,` ð Úrß›ñAñIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÐ `  ÐÌAT€KNOXVILLEÌÌAPRIL€SESSION,€1998ÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à À à)à  àC.C.A.€NO.€03C01„9706„CC„00248Ð ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àó ó)Ð ` Ðà ` àAppellee,à  àà h àà À àò ò)Ð Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àBRADLEY€COUNTYÐ Xø  ÐVS.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àÐ Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHON.€R.€STEVEN€BEBBó óÐ Xø  Ðò òSTEVEN€OVERSTREET,ó óà À àò ò)à  àJUDGEó óÐ Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àò ò)ó óÐ Xø Ðà ` àAppellant.à  àà h àà À àò ò)à  à(Direct€œAppealñ@ñ„D.U.I.ñ@ñ)›Ð Xø Ðó óÌÌÓ  ÓÌÌòòÓ  ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à h àà À àà  àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:Ð 8Ø ÐÌD.€MITCHELL€BRYANTà h àà À àà  àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÐ ( È ÐP.€O.€Box€161à  àà h àà À àà  àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ  !À ÐCleveland,€TN€€37364„0161Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àSANDY€C.€PATRICKÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€€37243ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJERRY€N.€ESTESÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOSEPH€A.€REHYANSKYÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€District€AttorneyÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àP.€O.€Box€1351Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àCleveland,€TN€€37311ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÐ  x5,-o ÐÓ  Óò òòòÔ‡„°×„ŠŠƒ3ÔOPINIONóóó óÔ#†Šƒ3Š„„°× #ÔÐ `  ÐÌÓ  ÓÓÓÑ7€Æ(XXdìXXdì7Ñà@®®.®àˆÌà ` àOn€February€4,€1997,€a€Bradley€County€jury€convicted€Appellant€StevenÏOverstreet€of€driving€under€the€influence,€second€offense.€€After€a€sentencingÏhearing€on€February€6,€1997,€Appellant€was€sentenced€to€eleven€months€andÏtwenty„nine€days€in€jail,€with€the€sentence€to€be€suspended€and€Appellant€put€onÏprobation€after€45€days€in€jail.€€Appellant€challenges€his€conviction,€raising€theÏfollowing€issue:€is€there€an€inherent€conflict€between€Tennessee€Code€AnnotatedÏsections€55„10„401€and€55„10„408.ÌÌà ` àAfter€a€review€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà@II,®àò òFACTSó óˆÐ  !¬ ÐÌà ` àOn€November€13,€1996,€Appellant€was€indicted€for€driving€under€theÏinfluence,€second€offense.ñ?ñ׃×ñ?ññ?ñ׃ ×ñ?ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Count€One€of€the€indictment€charged€Appellant€withÐ ì&Œ Ðdriving€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€or€drug;€or€in€the€alternative,€withÏdriving€with€a€blood„alcohol€content€of€.10%€or€more.€€Appellant€pleaded€notÏguilty€to€this€charge,€and€trial€was€held€on€February€7,€1997.€ÌÌà ` àOfficer€Chris€Bates€of€the€Cleveland,€Tennessee€Police€DepartmentÏtestified€that€around€6:30€a.m.€on€July€6,€1996,€he€and€Officer€Buddy€MitchellÏwere€at€a€Cleveland€convenience€store€when€he€saw€a€white€Ford€Tempo€speedÏinto€the€parking€lot€and€come€to€a€sudden€stop.€€Officer€Bates€testified€that€whenÐ l6 -. ÐAppellant€got€out€of€his€car,€he€had€to€steady€himself€against€the€vehicle€and€heÏhad€a€look€of€confusion€about€him.€€Officer€Mitchell€recognized€Appellant€and€saidÏthat€he€knew€that€Appellantððs€driversðð€license€had€been€revoked.€€When€the€twoÏofficers€approached€Appellant,€they€smelled€a€strong€odor€of€alcohol€on€hisÏbreath€and€person.€€€When€the€officers€asked€Appellant€whether€he€had€beenÏdrinking,€he€said€that€he€had€four€beers€and€a€glass€of€champagne€the€nightÏbefore.€€The€officers€then€verified€that€Appellantððs€driversðð€license€had€beenÏrevoked.€€ÌÌà ` àOfficer€Bates€then€administered€three€field€sobriety€tests€to€Appellant.€ÏAfter€Appellant€failed€at€least€two€of€these€tests,ñ?ñ׃ ×ñ?ññ?ñ׃×ñ?ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€Officer€Bates€asked€AppellantÐ À` Ðto€take€a€either€a€breath€or€blood€test.€€Appellant€agreed€to€take€a€blood€test,€andÏthe€officers€transported€him€to€an€emergency€room€for€testing.€€The€blood€testÏindicated€that€Appellant€had€a€blood„alcohol€content€of€.12%.€€ÌÌà ` àOfficer€Bates€also€testified€that€during€a€search€of€Appellantððs€car,€he€foundÏtwo€empty€beer€cans€that€felt€cold€and€had€dew€on€them.€ÌÌà ` àAppellant€testified€that€he€had€consumed€the€alcohol€the€night€before€heÏwas€arrested.€€Appellant€claimed€that€he€did€not€feel€impaired€when€he€drove€hisÏcar€on€the€morning€of€on€July€6,€1996,€and€he€stated€that€he€felt€he€had€passedÏthe€field€sobriety€tests.€€Appellant€did€not€challenge€the€accuracy€of€the€blood€testÏresults.ÌÐ ð5,. Ðà@’’*®àò òANALYSISó óˆÐ `  ÐÌà ` àAppellant€contends€that€his€conviction€for€driving€under€the€influenceÏshould€be€reversed€because€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€sections€55„10„401€andÏ55„10„408€are€impermissibly€contradictory€and€therefore,€cannot€constitutionallyÏcoexist.€€Section€55„10„401€states,€in€relevant€part,ÌÓÓà0 ` àIt€is€unlawful€for€any€person€to€drive€or€to€be€in€physical€control€of€anyÏautomobile€or€other€motor€driven€vehicle€on€any€of€the€public€roads€andÏhighways€of€the€state,€or€on€any€streets€or€alleys,€or€while€on€the€premisesÏof€any€shopping€center,€trailer€park€or€any€apartment€house€complex,€orÏany€other€premises€which€is€generally€frequented€by€the€public€at€large,Ïwhile:Ð ` T$` T$ ÐÌÓQÓÓÓà0 ` àà0¸ ` T$` T$à(1)€Under€the€influence€of€any€intoxicant,€marijuana,€narcotic€drug,Ïor€drug€producing€stimulating€effects€on€the€central€nervous€system;€ÏorÐ ¸ T$¸ T$ Ðà0 ` àà0¸ ` T$` T$à(2)€The€alcohol€concentration€in€such€personððs€blood€or€breath€isÏten-hundredths€of€one€percent€(.10%)€or€more.ñ6ñÐ ¸ T$¸ T$ Ðñ6ñÌÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„401(a)€(1998).€€Section€55„10„408€states,€in€relevantÏpart,Ìñ7ñÓÓñ7ñà0 ` àFor€the€purpose€of€proving€a€violation€of€ðð€55-10-401(a)(1),€evidence€thatÏthere€was,€at€the€time€alleged,€ten-hundredths€of€one€percent€(.10%)€orÏmore€by€weight€of€alcohol€in€the€defendantððs€blood€shall€create€aÏpresumption€that€the€defendantððs€ability€to€drive€was€sufficiently€impairedÏthereby€to€constitute€a€violation€of€ðð€55-10-401(a)(1).ñ8ñÐ ` T$` T$ Ðñ8ñÌñ7ñÓÓñ7ñTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„408(a)€(1998).€€Essentially,€Appellant€claims€that€theseÏtwo€statutes€give€rise€to€different€legal€conclusions€and,€thus,€the€trial€courtÏshould€have€charged€the€jury€only€on€section€55„10„408,€thereby€giving€him€theÏopportunity€to€rebut€the€presumption€of€his€intoxication.ñ?ñ׃×ñ?ññ?ñ׃×ñ?ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð (1È') ÐÐ 3¸)+ Ðà ` àAn€analysis€of€the€recent€history€of€these€two€statutes€indicates€that€theyÏare€not€contradictory.€€Prior€to€1995,€section€55„10„401(a)€stated,Ìñ9ñÓÓñ9ñà0 ` àIt€is€unlawful€for€any€person€or€persons€to€drive€or€to€be€in€physical€controlÏof€any€automobile€or€other€motor€driven€vehicle€on€any€of€the€public€roadsÏand€highways€of€the€state€of€Tennessee,€or€on€any€streets€or€alleys,€orÏwhile€on€the€premises€of€any€shopping€center,€trailer€park€or€any€apartmentÏhouse€complex,€or€any€other€premises€which€is€generally€frequented€by€theÏpublic€at€large,€while€under€the€influence€of€any€intoxicant,€marijuana,Ïnarcotic€drug,€or€drug€producing€stimulating€effects€on€the€central€nervousÏsystem.ñ:ñÐ ` T$` T$ Ðñ:ñÌñ9ñÓJ"Óñ9ñTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„401(a)€(1994).€€In€addition,€section€55„10„408(b)€statedÏthatÌñ;ñÓÓñ;ñà0 ` àEvidence€that€there€was,€at€the€time€alleged,€ten-hundredths€of€oneÏpercent€(.10%€)€or€more€by€weight€of€alcohol€in€the€defendantððs€blood€shallÏcreate€a€presumption€that€the€defendant€was€under€the€influence€of€suchÏintoxicant,€and€that€the€defendantððs€ability€to€drive€was€impaired€thereby,Ïsufficiently€to€constitute€a€violation€of€ðð€55-10-401.€The€provisions€of€thisÏsubsection€shall€only€apply€if€the€defendant€has€no€prior€convictions€forÏviolating€the€provisions€of€ðð€55-10-401.ñ<ñÐ ` T$` T$ Ðñ<ñÌñ;ñÓ!%Óñ;ñTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„408(b)€(1994).€€In€1995,€the€Tennessee€GeneralÏAssembly€amended€section€55„10„408(a)€to€provide€thatÌñ=ñÓÓñ=ñà0 ` àEvidence€that€there€was,€at€the€time€alleged,€ten-hundredths€of€oneÏpercent€(.10%€)€or€more€by€weight€of€alcohol€in€the€defendantððs€blood€shallÏbe€conclusive€proof€that€the€defendant€was€under€the€influence€of€suchÏintoxicant,€that€the€defendantððs€ability€to€drive€was€impaired€thereby€andÏshall€constitute€a€violation€of€ðð€55-10-401.€€ñ>ñÐ ` T$` T$ Ðñ>ñÌñ=ñÓû'Óñ=ñTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„408(a)€(1995).€€The€Tennessee€Attorney€GeneralÏsubsequently€issued€an€opinion€which€stated€that€this€1995€amendment€wasÏunconstitutional€because€it€created€a€conclusive€presumption€of€intoxication€andÏimpairment€that€relieved€the€State€of€its€burden€of€proving€an€element€of€theÏoffense.€€Tenn.€Op.€Attððy€Gen.€95„117€(Nov.€28,€1995).€€The€opinion€suggested,Ïhowever,€that€the€legislature€could€achieve€the€same€result€by€making€it€illegal€toÏdrive€with€a€blood„alcohol€content€above€a€certain€percentage.€€òòId.óóÐ è6ˆ-/ ÐÐ Ø8x/1 Ðà ` àIn€response€to€the€Attorney€Generalððs€opinion,€the€legislature€drafted€aÏproposed€amendment,€which€would€have€essentially€given€section€55„10„401€itsÏcurrent€form€and€would€have€deleted€section€55„10„408(a).€€The€AttorneyÏGeneral€subsequently€issued€an€opinion€which€stated€that€the€proposed€sectionÏ55„10„401€would€be€constitutional€in€that€it€would€make€it€illegal€to€either€driveÏwhile€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€or€with€a€blood„alcohol€content€of€.10%Ïor€greater.€€Tenn.€Op.€Attððy€Gen.€96„008€(Jan.€24,€1996).€€The€opinion€suggested,Ïhowever,€that€it€would€be€unwise€to€delete€section€55„10„408(a)€in€its€entirety.€Ð ð  ÐòòId.óó€€The€opinion€suggested€that€it€would€be€better€to€have€a€subsection€creatingÐ à€ Ða€permissive€presumption€of€intoxication€when€a€driver€had€a€blood„alcoholÏcontent€of€.10%€or€greater€because€such€a€presumption€would€aid€in€definingÏð ðunder€the€influenceðð€as€set€forth€in€section€55„10„401(a)(1).€€òòId.óó€€The€legislatureÐ °P Ðsubsequently€amended€sections€55„10„401€and€55„10„408€to€their€present€forms.ÌÌà ` àThis€statutory€history€indicates€that€in€enacting€sections€55„10„401€and€55„¼10„408€in€their€current€forms,€the€legislature€did€not€create€two€contradictoryÏstatutes.€€Rather,€the€legislature€merely€created€alternative€ways€to€charge€aÏdefendant€with€impaired€driving.€€A€defendant€could€be€charged€under€55„10„¼401(a)(2),€in€which€case€a€test€indicating€a€blood„alcohol€content€of€.10%€orÏgreater€would€be€per€se€evidence€of€intoxication€and€impairment.€€If€however,€theÏcharging€instrument€failed€to€specifically€charge€the€elements€of€55„10„401(a)(2),Ïthe€permissive€presumption€of€section€55„10„408(a)€would€come€into€play€toÏassist€in€establishing€intoxication€and€impairment.€€This€conclusion€is€supportedÏby€the€express€language€of€55„10„408(a),€which€indicates€that€it€is€admissible€forÏð ðthe€purpose€of€proving€a€violation€of€ðð€55„10„401(a)(1)ðð€and€makes€no€mentionÏof€subsection€(a)(2).€Ð Ð9p02 Їà ` àIn€short,€we€hold€that€sections€55„10„401€and€55„10„408€are€notÏunconstitutionally€contradictory.ñ?ñ׃×ñ?ññ?ñ׃×ñ?ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Further,€because€Appellant€was€chargedÐ P ð Ðalternatively€under€both€subsection€55„10„401(a)(1)€and€subsection€55„10„¼401(a)(2),€the€trial€court€was€correct€when€it€instructed€the€jury€on€bothÏsubsections.€€The€State€presented€evidence€that€Appellant€had€been€driving€hisÏvehicle€with€a€blood„alcohol€content€of€.12%€and€Appellant€never€challenged€thisÏevidence.€€Thus,€the€jury€clearly€had€a€basis€for€convicting€Appellant€underÏsubsection€55„10„401(a)(2).€€Appellantððs€claim€that€he€was€not€impaired€is€simplyÏnot€relevant€under€this€subsection.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.€€€ÌÌà ` àAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€AFFIRMED.ÌÓ  ÓÌÓÓà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à____________________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JUDGEÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌJAMES€CURWOOD€WITT,€JR.