ÿWPCI …# VUNa %¯ 0(µbÝw@å4% 9 H 0JP 0Tš 0^î 0hL 0r´ 0|& 0†¢ 0( 1u¸ 0d- U>‘ U*Ï B)ù DC" AMe² BÃv~àvÓ^ D31 0@d AO¤Æó 0D¹ D/ý B,˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLHÎ(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡- ù- ¦ H§ P¨ I© Iª D« ¬ e­ D® ¯ Ó€Ô¡¨ 3|x¸ 2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d!!!!7Border 1dd€-"Cþÿ << Gÿÿ Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ ÔÔ€ ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€ XÔÌÌSeptember€3,€1997ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó dPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò%%%%'ÿÿdxd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÝ  Ý›Ñ ` ÑÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€ŠÔÔ€ ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ€ÑÑ7€%XXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò òœÙ€€ÙßR€#$"A1-j|` ç `€€@ÿRß›àÐ àÞ ÞÌ€IN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAT€NASHVILLEÌÌMARCH€SESSION,€1997ÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓÓ` °†XDp”XÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à à)à àC.C.A.€NO.€01C01„9605„CC„00228Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àó óÌà àAppellee,à àà àà àò ò)à àÌà àà àà àà àà à)à àRUTHERFORD€COUNTYÌà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌV.à àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.€JAMES€K.€CLAYTON,€JR.,Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àJUDGEÌJOHN€HOWARD€POPE,à à)à àó óÌà àà àà àà àà àò ò)à àó óÌà àAppellant.à àà àà àò ò)à à(DUI)ÌÓ ` °œXÓó óÌÌÓ  ÓÌòòÓ  ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à àà àà àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:ÌÌò òTERRY€A.€FANN€à àà àà à€à àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUP€Ìó óWALDRON€AND€FANN€à àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌ202€West€Main€StreetÌMurfreesboro,€TN€37130ò òà àà àLISA€A.€NAYLORÌó óà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà à425€Fifth€Avenue€North€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à2nd€Floor,€Cordell€Hull€BuildingÌà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àò òWILLIAM€WHITESELL€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àó óDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àò òDALE€ROBERTSON€ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àò òJOHN€PRICE€ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà à303€Rutherford€County€Judicial€Bldg.Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àMurfreesboro,€TN€€37130ÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGEÇò òòòÓ  ÓÔ€ °ÔOPINIONóóó óÔ€ ŠÔÌÌÌÌÓÓÓ  Óà àà àThe€Defendant,€John€Howard€Pope,€was€convicted€of€DUI,€1stÏOffense,€following€a€bench€trial€in€the€Circuit€Court€of€Rutherford€County.€€HeÏappeals€as€of€right€pursuant€to€Rule€3€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€AppellateÏProcedure.€€In€addition€to€challenging€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€to€supportÏthe€conviction,€Defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€denying€his€MotionÏto€Suppress€all€evidence€obtained€as€a€result€of€the€investigatory€stop€of€himÏimmediately€preceding€his€arrest€for€DUI.€€We€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà@ àI.€€SUPPRESSION€OF€EVIDENCEÌÌà àà àOn€the€night€of€December€26,€1994,€Officer€Chris€Thornton€of€theÏMurfreesboro€Police€Department€was€on€duty€and€ð ðsitting€stationaryðð€in€herÏpatrol€car€at€a€car€wash.€€While€there,€an€unidentified€young€lady€approachedÏand€stated€that€she€had€just€been€sexually€propositioned€by€a€man€at€the€K„Mart€parking€lot€in€Murfreesboro.€€Specifically,€the€lady€told€Officer€Thornton€thatÏthe€man€had€offered€her€ð ð$100.00€for€30€minutes.ðð€€The€lady€gave€OfficerÏThornton€a€description€of€the€man€and€the€van€that€he€was€driving,€including€theÏcolor€and€license€plate€number.€€She€also€related€to€Officer€Thornton€that€sheÍbecame€scared€when€the€man€attempted€to€follow€her€to€her€vehicle.€€The€K„Mart€store€was€not€within€Officer€Thorntonððs€zone€for€patrol,€and€she€radioed€theÏdispatcher,€relayed€the€information€given€to€her,€and€requested€a€unit€toÏinvestigate.€€The€radio€transmission€by€Officer€Thornton€could€be€heard€by€otherÏofficers.€€No€patrol€car€was€available€for€the€zone€in€which€the€K„Mart€is€located,Ïand€the€dispatcher€requested€Officer€Thornton€to€proceed€to€the€scene.€€In€herÏhaste€to€leave,€Officer€Thornton€did€not€obtain€any€identifying€information€€of€theÏwoman€who€made€the€report,€and€her€identity€remained€unknown€through€theÏtime€of€the€hearing€of€the€motion€to€suppress€and€the€trial.€€ÌÌà àà àOfficer€Charles€Goodloe€of€the€Murfreesboro€Police€DepartmentÏwas€on€duty€at€the€time,€driving€a€police€motorcycle.€€He€was€located€in€front€ofÏK„Mart€when€he€heard€Officer€Thorntonððs€radio€transmission€and€went€into€theÏparking€lot€and€observed€the€described€van€parked€in€a€parking€place.€€OfficerÏGoodloe€stopped€his€motorcycle€behind€the€van€and€turned€on€his€blue€lightsÏð ðfor€the€purpose€of€going€up€there€and€talking€to€him€[Defendant].ðð€€OfficerÏGoodloe€walked€up€to€the€driverððs€side€window€of€the€van,€which€was€down,Ïand€spoke€to€Defendant.€€Defendant€did€not€speak€to€the€officer,€but€started€theÏvan€and€began€to€drive€off.€€Goodloe€then€returned€to€his€motorcycle,€with€theÏblue€lights€still€on,€and€followed€the€van€in€an€attempt€to€make€the€DefendantÍstop.€€The€Defendant€did€not€stop€until€after€Officer€Thornton€arrived€at€theÏparking€lot€and€drove€her€vehicle€in€front€of€Defendantððs€van.€€ÌÌà àà àWhen€Officer€Thornton€went€up€to€the€van€she€could€smell€the€odorÏof€an€intoxicant€on€the€Defendant.€€€Both€officers€testified€that€they€neverÏobserved€the€Defendant€driving€in€an€erratic€manner.€€He€drove€about€halfwayÏacross€the€parking€lot€before€coming€to€a€stop€after€leaving€Officer€Goodloe.€€ÌÌà àà àBoth€officers€also€confirmed€that€they€had€no€evidence€or€factsÏwhatsoever€to€suspect€Defendant€was€under€the€influence€of€any€intoxicantsÏuntil€after€he€was€stopped€subsequent€to€driving€away€from€Office€Goodloe.€ÏBoth€officers€confirmed€that€they€were€relying€solely€on€the€unidentified€womanððsÏinformation€provided€to€Officer€Thornton€in€making€the€stop.€€ÌÌà àà àDefendant€was€placed€under€arrest€for€DUI€as€a€result€of€theÏobservations€by€the€officers€of€Defendantððs€intoxication.€€His€vehicle€wasÏsearched€incident€to€the€arrest€and€the€police€found€a€half„empty€bottle€of€vodka,Ïand€an€opened€bottle€of€orange€juice.€€The€Defendant€agreed€to€submit€to€aÏblood€alcohol€test€and€was€taken€to€the€hospital€to€give€a€sample€of€his€blood.€ÏThe€sample€was€sent€to€the€TBI€Crime€Laboratory€and€the€result€was€0.17.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€Defendant€testified€and€denied€speaking€to€any€female€at€theÏparking€lot€on€the€night€in€question,€denied€having€$100.00€in€his€possession,Ïand€denied€making€any€sexual€advance€or€sexual€proposition€to€any€female€onÏthe€K„Mart€parking€lot€on€the€night€of€his€arrest.€€In€addition,€the€DefendantÏtestified€that€he€did€not€remember€Officer€Goodloe€coming€up€to€his€vehicleððsÏwindow,€and€that€he€did€stop€in€the€parking€lot€after€he€saw€Officer€ThorntonððsÏpatrol€car.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€proper€standard€of€review€for€suppression€issues€was€recentlyÏset€forth€by€our€supreme€court€in€òòState€v.€Odomóó,€928€S.W.2d€18€(Tenn.€1996):ÌÓÓÌà8 àThe€party€prevailing€in€the€trial€court€is€entitled€to€the€strongestÏlegitimate€view€of€the€evidence€adduced€at€the€suppressionÏhearing€as€well€as€all€reasonable€and€legitimate€inferences€thatÏmay€be€drawn€from€that€evidence.€€So€long€as€the€greater€weightÏof€the€evidence€supports€the€trial€courtððs€findings,€those€findingsÏshall€be€upheld.€€In€other€words,€a€trial€courtððs€findings€of€fact€in€aÏsuppression€hearing€will€be€upheld€unless€the€evidenceÏpreponderates€otherwise.€€ÌÌÌòòOdomóó,€923€S.W.2d€at€23.ÌÌÓÓÌà àà àThe€Defendant€states€in€his€brief€that€the€issue€on€the€Motion€toÏSuppress€is€ð ðwhether€there€was€a€sufficient€factual€basis€for€the€investigatoryÏstop€which€eventually€led€to€[Defendant]€arrest.ðð€€In€support€of€his€argument,ÍDefendant€relies€upon€òòState€v.€Binionóó,€900€S.W.2d€702€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ï1994),€òòState€v.€Colemanóó,€791€S.W.2d€504€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1989),€òòState€v.ÏLawsonóó,€œ929›€S.W.2d€406€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996),€and€òòState€v.€JamesÏChester€Cobb,€Sr.óó,€€No.€01C01„9011„CC„00308,€Hickman€County€(Tenn.€Crim.ÏApp.,€Nashville,€filed€May€7,€1991).€€We€feel€that€the€facts€of€the€case€òòsubóóÏòòjudiceóó€are€distinguishable€€from€this€courtððs€decisions€in€the€cases€relied€upon€byÏDefendant.€€Ìà àà àIn€òòBinionóó,€the€€issue€presented€for€review€was€whether€the€act€ofÏthe€Defendant€lawfully€turning€his€vehicle€around€approximately€1,000€feet€fromÏa€police€roadblock€was€sufficient€to€give€a€state€trooper€reasonable€suspicion€toÏstop€the€vehicle.€€This€court€held€that€it€did€not.€€òòColemanóó€involved€a€situationÏwhere€the€police€officer€received€a€ð ðtipðð€from€an€informant€whom€he€did€not€knowÏprior€to€receiving€the€information.€€In€the€case€òòsubóó€òòjudiceóó,€while€the€identity€of€theÏwoman€who€reported€the€information€to€Officer€Thornton€remains€unknown,€theÏwoman€was€a€victim€citizen€informant€which€satisfied€the€ð ðbasis€of€knowledgeððÏtest€lacking€in€òòColemanóó.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Jacuminóó,€778€S.W.2d€430€(Tenn.€1989).€ÏIn€addition,€information€regarding€the€description€of€Defendantððs€van,€along€withÏthe€license€plate€number€and€its€location€was€immediately€verifiable€by€OfficerÏGoodloe.€€Likewise,€in€òòCobbóó,€an€unpublished€opinion€of€this€court,€there€wasÏinvolved€an€apparently€anonymous€informant.€€There€was€nothing€in€the€recordÏto€indicate€the€ð ðbasis€of€knowledgeðð€of€the€informant.€€In€òòLawsonóó,€the€stop€wasÍbased€solely€upon€the€fact€that€the€Defendantððs€vehicle€was€located€in€a€ð ðhigh„crime€area.ððÌÌà àà àWhile€not€relied€upon€by€the€State€in€its€brief,€the€case€of€òòState€v.ÏPullyóó,€863€S.W.2d€29€(Tenn.€1993),€controls€in€this€issue€raised€by€Defendant.€€ÌÌà àà àUnder€òòPullyóó,€as€soon€as€Officer€Goodloe€turned€on€the€blue€lightsÏof€his€motorcycle,€Defendant€was€ð ðseizedðð€within€the€meaning€of€òòTerry€v.€Ohioóó,Ï392€€U.S.1,€88€S.Ct.€œ1868,›€20€L.Ed.2d€889€(1968).€€òòPullyóó,€863€S.W.2d€at€30.€ÏHowever,€the€next€issue€to€determine€is€whether€the€stop€and€seizure€compliedÏwith€both€state€and€federal€constitutional€provisions€which€prohibitÏð ðunreasonable€searches€and€seizures.ðð€€òòPullyóó,€863€S.W.2d€at€30.€€According€toÏour€supreme€court€in€òòPullyóó:ÌÓÓÌà8 àIn€general,€although€the€Fourth€Amendment€requires€ð ðprobableÏcauseðð€before€an€arrest€is€deemed€to€be€reasonable,€theÏreasonableness€of€seizures€less€intrusive€than€a€full„scale€arrest€isÏjudged€by€weighing€the€gravity€of€the€public€concern,€the€degree€toÏwhich€the€seizure€advances€that€concern,€and€the€severity€of€theÏintrusion€into€individual€privacy.ÌÌÌòòPullyóó,€863€S.W.2d€at€30.ÌÌÓÓÌà àà àWhen€Officer€Goodloe€made€his€ð ðstopðð€of€Defendant,€theÏDefendant€was€parked€in€a€marked€parking€place€in€a€public€parking€lot.€ÏInformation€received€by€Officer€Goodloe€from€Officer€Thorntonððs€radioÏtransmission€was€that€the€victim€of€a€reported€crime€had€generally€described€theÏalleged€perpetrator,€the€perpetratorððs€vehicle,€including€its€license€tag€number€andÏcolor,€and€its€location.€€The€descriptive€information€was€immediately€verified€byÏOfficer€Goodloe.€ÌÌà àà àIn€this€case,€the€public€interest€served€by€the€ð ðstopðð€of€DefendantÏwas€the€investigation€and€prevention€of€the€crime€of€soliciting€prostitution€in€aÏpublic€parking€lot€of€a€department€store.€€The€stop€was€made€of€an€individualÏlocated€in€his€vehicle€in€a€marked€parking€place€of€the€parking€lot.€€The€intrusionÏwas€relatively€minor€considering€all€of€the€facts€and€circumstances.€€The€basis€ofÏknowledge€of€the€ð ðinformantðð€was€from€the€standpoint€of€a€victim€eye„witness€toÏan€alleged€crime€recently€committed€and€descriptive€information€given€by€theÏperson€providing€the€information€was€immediately€verified.€€We€conclude€that€theÏpolice€officers€had€ð ðspecific€and€articulable€factsðð€to€justify€the€investigatory€stopÏin€this€case.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà@ àII.€€SUFFICIENCY€OF€THE€EVIDENCEÌÌà àà àThe€Defendantððs€second€issue€is€whether€the€trial€court€erred€inÏconvicting€the€Defendant€of€driving€under€the€influence,€first€offense,€based€uponÏthe€evidence€as€presented€at€trial.€€The€Defendant€first€argues€that€the€bloodÏtest€should€not€have€been€admitted€at€trial€as€fruit€of€the€poisonous€treeÏstemming€from€the€illegal€investigatory€stop.€€We€have€already€held€that€the€stopÏwas€not€improper.€€Therefore,€the€blood€test€was€properly€admitted.ÌÌà àà àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€convictingÏevidence,€the€standard€is€whether,€after€reviewing€the€evidence€in€the€light€mostÏfavorable€to€the€prosecution,€any€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€theÏessential€elements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.ÏVirginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€319€(1979).€€Questions€concerning€the€credibility€of€theÏwitnesses,€the€weight€and€value€to€be€given€the€evidence,€as€well€as€all€factualÏissues€raised€by€the€evidence,€are€resolved€by€the€trier€of€fact,€not€this€court.€ÏòòState€v.€Pappasóó,€754€S.W.2d€620,€623€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòpermóó.€òòtoóó€òòappealóóÏòòdeniedóó,€òòidóó.€(Tenn.€1987).€€Nor€may€this€court€reweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence.€ÏòòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€ÌÌà àà àOn€appeal,€the€State€is€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimate€view€ofÏthe€evidence€and€all€inferences€therefrom.€€òòCabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€at€835.€ÏBecause€a€verdict€of€guilt€removes€the€presumption€of€innocence€and€replaces€itÍwith€a€presumption€of€guilt,€the€accused€has€the€burden€in€this€court€of€illustratingÏwhy€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€verdict€returned€by€the€trier€of€fact.€ÏòòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982);€òòState€v.€Graceóó,€493ÏS.W.2d€474,€476€(Tenn.€1973).ÌÌà àà àOfficer€Thornton€first€testified€to€the€events€leading€up€to€theÏencounter€with€the€Defendant€in€the€K„Mart€parking€lot.€€Once€the€DefendantÏwas€stopped,€Officer€Thornton€saw€that€the€Defendant€was€red„faced€andÏsleepy„eyed.€€When€the€Defendant€got€out€of€the€van€he€stumbled,€and€theÏOfficer€had€to€hold€his€arm.€€She€smelled€the€odor€of€an€intoxicant.€€TheÏDefendantððs€eyes€were€red€and€his€speech€was€slurred.€€In€the€DefendantððsÏvan€she€found€a€partially€empty€bottle€of€Smirnoff€Vodka€and€a€cold,€smallÏorange€juice€bottle.€€The€officer€did€not€ask€the€Defendant€to€perform€any€fieldÏsobriety€tests€because€she€was€worried€that€he€would€fall€down€in€the€parkingÏlot€and€hurt€himself.€€She€arrested€him€and€asked€him€to€submit€to€a€BloodÏAlcohol€Test.€€The€report€came€back€that€the€Defendantððs€blood€alcohol€levelÏwas€0.17€percent.€€ÌÌà àà àOfficer€Goodloe€testified€to€events€up€to€the€point€of€the€arrest.€€HeÏthen€stated€that€when€he€began€speaking€with€the€Defendant€he€could€smellÏthe€odor€of€an€alcoholic€beverage€coming€from€the€Defendant.€€The€DefendantÍwas€unsteady€on€his€feet€and€unable€to€stand€without€wobbling.€€He€confirmedÏno€field€sobriety€tests€were€given€because€of€concerns€that€Defendant€mightÏhurt€himself.€€Based€on€the€appearance,€smell,€and€speech€of€the€Defendant,ÏOfficer€Goodloe€believed€him€to€be€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant.ÌÌà àà àTennessee€Code€Annotated€section€55„10„401€reads,€ð ð[i]t€isÏunlawful€for€any€person€.€.€.€to€drive€or€to€be€in€physical€control€of€anyÏautomobile€.€.€.€while€on€the€premises€of€any€shopping€center€.€.€.€while€underÏthe€influence€of€any€intoxicant€.€.€.€.ðð€€From€the€testimony€and€exhibits€at€theÏbench€trial,€the€Defendant€was€clearly€driving€and€in€physical€control€of€the€van,Ïclearly€on€the€premises€of€a€shopping€center€and€clearly€under€the€influence€ofÏalcohol.€€There€is€no€question€that€a€reasonable€trier€of€fact€could€find€theÏDefendant€guilty€of€driving€under€the€influence.ÌÌà àà àThis€issue€is€without€merit.€€We€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€Ó  ÓÓÓÌÌÌÌà àà àà àà àà à____________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JudgeÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌJOSEPH€M.€TIPTON,€JudgeÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌJOE€G.€RILEY,€Judge