ÿWPC! …#†V %Ü 0oâ4Qe 0³t 0D' w@k UN« ù U: 0J; 0T… 0^Ù 0h7 0rŸ 0| 0† 0 1u£ U, 0dDU,¨U>ÔU *B)< D3e B˜DCµ 0@ø AM8V…Ûôj4^v~’vÓ AOãÆ2 0‹ø 0Dƒ D/Ç Bö ˜IBM Laser Printer 4019IBM4019ÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0Çow1NO^BÇŒ 4~È¿>X(GYž$¡¡Ô€X|6XXXÔÑ  ÑÒ4°ÒÒh°Òo„ps Seri3|xh (c(31n$¤¤Ý ƒYž!ÝÔ€XÇ–XXXÔÑ  ÑÒ4°ÒÒh°ÒÝ  Ýà Œ àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó / 0 {1 D2 3 4 D5 6 E7 8 we(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman Regular,†r‰AZ‹"Arial Regular2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d++++'ÿÿdxd d))))7Border 1dd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-,Cþÿ << Gÿÿ LÝ ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€'ÔÔ€(ÔÑ  ÑÒ 4 ÒÒ h ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€(ÔÔ YYY ÔÓ  ÓFILEDÔ€(XÔÌÌò òJanuaryÏ5,Ï1996ÌÌCecilÏCrowson,ÏJr.ÌAppellateÏCourtÏClerkó ó …Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€'ÔÔ€(ÔÑ  ÑÒ 4 ÒÒ h ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€(ôÔ€€The€defendant€was€also€indicted€for€assault€relative€to€knocking€down€Trooper€Fraley.€Ïà àHowever,€the€jury€acquitted€him€of€the€charge.Ì êÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€'ÔÔ€(ÔÑ  ÑÒ 4 ÒÒ h ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€(ôÔ€€The€defendant€claimed€to€have€extensive€training€and€education€in€biology€and€chemistry.€ÏHowever,€he€refused€to€sign€a€release€of€records€and€the€presentence€officer€was€unable€to€verify€any€ofÏhis€educational,€employment€or€social€background.Ì *Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€'ÔÔ€(ÔÑ  ÑÒ 4 ÒÒ h ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€(ôÔThe€appropriate€way€to€have€an€appeal€bond€decision€reviewed€pending€appeal€is€by€Rule€8,ÏT.R.A.P.,€which€avoids€the€potential€of€serving€a€sentence€before€the€issue€is€reviewed.€€In€fact,€theÏrecord€reflects€that€the€defendant's€sentence€was€essentially€served€by€the€time€this€case€was€docketedÏand€assigned.ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA: T Monaco ÒÒ  BA: T Monaco Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(c3Jê$¢¢Ý ƒYž!ÝÔ€XÇ–XXXÔÑ  ÑÒ4°ÒÒh°ÒÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€&&X„d&ÓÑ#€&&Xd#ÑÔ€'ÔÔ€(ÔÑ  ÑÒ 4 ÒÒ h ÒÝ  ÝÑ  ÑÑ Ü ÑÑ\R AØ'\Ñ›Ñ7€twXXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÙ€€ÙßL€./,;+'h|` ´- `€€Lßà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINALÏAPPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌà@ àAT€NASHVILLEÌÌà@ àMARCH€SESSION,€1995ÌÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,€à à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àNo.€œ01C01›„9410„CC„00353Ìà àà àAppellee,à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àCoffee€CountyÌv.à àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà à)à àHon.€Gerald€L.ÏœEwell›,€JudgeÌARNOLD€V.€PORTER,à àà à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà à)à à(Felony€RecklessÏEndangerment,€2€counts)Ìà àà àAppellant.à àà à)ÌÌÌòòFor€the€Appellantóó:à àà àà àà àòòFor€the€Appelleeóó:ÌÌShawn€G.€Grahamà àà àà àà àCharles€W.€BursonÌAssistant€Public€Defenderà àà àà àAttorney€GeneralÏof€TennesseeÌ605€E.€Carroll€Streetà àà àà àà àandÌP.O.€Box€260à àà àà àà àSharon€S.€œSelby›ÌœTullahoma›,€TN€37388à àà àà àAssistant€AttorneyÏGeneral€of€TennesseeÌà àà àà àà àà àà à450€JamesÏRobertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€Ï37243„0493ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àC.€Michael€œLayne›Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€AttorneyÏGeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àandÌà àà àà àà àà àà àSteve€œWeitzman›Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àP.O.€Box€147Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àManchester,€TN€37355ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:òò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌJoseph€M.€œTipton›ÌJudgeÌÌà@ àò òòòO€P€I€N€I€O€NÌÌÌÓ` °Å h—XÓÓÓóóó óà àThe€defendant,€Arnold€V.€Porter,€appeals€from€a€jury€conviction€in€theÏCircuit€Court€of€Coffee€County€for€two€counts€of€reckless€endangerment€with€a€deadlyÏweapon,€a€Class€E€felony.€€The€defendant€received€œtwo€two›„year€sentences€as€aÏRange€I,€standard€offender€to€be€served€concurrently€in€addition€to€a€fine€of€twenty„fiveÏhundred€dollars€in€each€count.€€In€this€appeal€as€of€right,€he€presents€the€followingÏissues:ÌÓÓà àI.€€whether€the€evidence€is€sufficient€to€support€guilty€verdictsÌà àfor€felony€reckless€endangerment,ÌÌà àII.€whether€he€was€denied€a€fair€trial€because€the€jury€did€notÌà àrepresent€a€fair€cross„section€of€the€community,€ÌÌà àIII.€€whether€the€trial€court€imposed€an€excessive€sentence,€andÌÌà àIV.€€whether€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€in€raising€hisÌà àbond€pending€appeal.ÌÌÓÓÌà àThe€facts€surrounding€this€case€involve€a€hundred„mile„per„hour€chaseÏon€Interstate€24€in€Coffee€County€that€covered€approximately€eighteen€miles€andÏculminated€in€the€defendant€crashing€his€automobile€into€a€bridge€support.€€OnÏAugust€20,€1993€at€approximately€10:00€p.m.,€Trooper€Larry€Fraley€of€the€TennesseeÏHighway€Patrol€(THP)€was€posted€at€mile€marker€one€hundred€and€twenty„nine€nearÏPelham,€Tennessee,€when€the€defendant€sped€past€him€driving€approximately€sixty„four€miles€per€hour€in€a€fifty„five„miles„per„hour„zone.€€Fraley€testified€that€he€decidedÏto€stop€Ìthe€defendant€when€the€defendant€crossed€the€shoulder€line.€€He€stated€that€heÏpursued€the€defendant€with€his€blue€lights€on€and€that€as€the€defendant€traveled€downÏthe€shoulder€of€the€interstate,€the€defendant€kept€reaching€into€the€passenger€floor€orÏseat.€€He€stated€that€as€soon€as€the€defendant€pulled€over€and€he€had€one€foot€out€ofÏthe€door€of€his€patrol€car,€the€defendant€accelerated€and€took€off€again,€swerving€allÏover€the€road.€€Fraley€recounted€that€he€pursued€the€defendant€at€speeds€up€to€ninetyÍmiles€per€hour€when€the€defendant€drove€up€the€Pelham€exit€ramp,€through€the€grassÏand€broadside€through€two€lanes€of€traffic.€€He€stated€that€the€defendant€thenÏproceeded€toward€Coffee€County,€driving€one€hundred€miles€per€hour.ÌÌà àFraley€stated€that€he€called€for€assistance€and€at€one€point,€two€semi„trucks€blocked€both€lanes€of€the€interstate€in€an€attempt€to€aid€in€the€apprehension€ofÏthe€defendant.€€He€reported€that€the€defendant€passed€the€semi„trucks€on€theÏshoulder€while€approaching€a€bridge€but€swerved€into€the€lanes€just€before€hitting€theÏguardrail.€€He€stated€that€the€defendant€began€throwing€things€out€the€car€window€andÏthat€a€cellophane€œbaggie›€hit€his€windshield€at€one€point€during€the€pursuit.€€However,Ïhe€admitted€that€nothing€could€be€found€later.€€ÌÌà àFraley€stated€that€he€and€two€other€troopers,€Mike€Tanner€and€RobertÏBeard,€eventually€attempted€to€form€a€"moving€roadblock"€to€slow€down€the€defendantÏand€arrest€him.€€He€explained€that€Trooper€Beard€drove€in€front€of€the€defendant€whileÏhe€and€Trooper€Tanner€drove€behind.€€He€also€stated€that€Trooper€Tannerððs€car€wasÏequipped€with€a€video€camera€and€that€Trooper€Tanner€videotaped€the€last€three€andÏone„half€miles€of€the€chase.€€He€stated€that€the€defendant€bumped€Beardððs€car€at€leastÏthree€times€before€veering€off€the€shoulder€and€striking€a€bridge€abutment€at€Exit€111.€ÏFraley€stated€that€the€defendant€struck€the€bridge€support€at€one€hundred€miles€perÍhour€and€then€hit€a€tree.€€When€the€defendant's€car€stopped,€the€tree€wasÏapproximately€four€feet€inside€the€back€seat€of€the€car.ÌÌà àFraley€testified€that€he€called€for€an€ambulance€before€approaching€theÏcar€to€remove€the€defendant.€€He€reported€that€the€defendant€was€kicking,€screamingÏand€reaching€under€the€passenger€front€seat.€€He€stated€that€the€defendant€keptÏyelling,€"You're€gonna€have€to€kill€me."€€Fraley€testified€that€he€had€his€gun€drawnÏbecause€he€thought€that€the€defendant€may€be€reaching€for€a€weapon.€€AnotherÏofficer€sprayed€Mace€on€the€defendant,€sending€him€fleeing€from€the€vehicle.€€FraleyÏstated€that€the€defendant€exited€the€vehicle€"like€a€wild€man"€and€knocked€him€downÏin€the€process.€× ƒ0 ××  ×€€He€stated€that€they€were€able€to€control€the€defendant€in€order€toÏplace€handcuffs€on€him€but€that€he€continued€to€struggle€and€eventually€had€to€beÏ"hogtied"€with€plastic€riot€straps€around€his€feet.ÌÌà àTrooper€Fraley€testified€that€the€defendant€was€transported€to€theÏManchester€Medical€Hospital€for€treatment€of€a€broken€arm€suffered€in€the€accident.€ÏHe€reported€that€a€blood€sample€was€sent€to€the€Tennessee€Bureau€of€InvestigationÏ(TBI)€Crime€Lab€for€analysis.€€Jeff€Crews,€a€toxicologist€with€the€TBI€Crime€Lab,Ítestified€that€he€analyzed€the€defendant's€blood€for€the€presence€of€drugs€and€foundÏthat€the€blood€contained€less€than€.1€micrograms€per€milliliter€of€cocaine.ÌÌà àTrooper€Mike€Tanner€of€the€THP€testified€that€he€received€Fraley's€call€forÏassistance€and€waited€for€the€defendant€to€pass€him€on€the€interstate.€€He€stated€thatÏhe€turned€on€his€video€camera€at€mile€marker€one€hundred€and€sixteen.€€He€saw€theÏdefendant€approaching€at€a€high€rate€of€speed€and€began€following€him.€€He€statedÏthat€he€turned€on€his€emergency€flashers€in€an€attempt€to€warn€other€motorists.€€HeÏrecounted€that€the€defendant€never€drove€below€ninety€miles€per€hour€during€theÏchase.€€He€stated€that€the€defendant€hit€the€bridge€support€at€approximately€ninety„three€miles€per€hour€without€applying€his€brakes.€€He€testified€that€the€defendant€keptÏrunning€his€hand€under€the€passenger€seat.€€He€said€that€Fraley€was€on€the€driver'sÏside€and€that€close€to€a€minute€went€by€before€another€officer€sprayed€the€defendantÏwith€Mace,€causing€him€to€exit€the€car.€€Tanner€testified€that€he€recorded€the€last€fourÏto€four€and€one„half€miles€of€the€chase€and€that€the€videotape€was€shown€to€theÏdefendant€on€the€night€of€his€arrest.€€ÌÌà àThe€videotape€of€the€chase€was€shown€to€the€jury.€€It€showed€theÏdefendant€and€the€three€troopers€traveling€at€a€high€rate€of€speed€past€numerousÏvehicles€on€the€interstate.€€It€also€showed€that€Troopers€Fraley€and€Tanner€followedÏthe€defendant€at€a€distance€of€approximately€two€car€lengths€while€the€defendantÍtraveled€very€close€to€Trooper€Beard.€€The€video€contained€footage€of€the€defendantÏcrashing€and€of€his€erratic€and€violent€behavior€upon€arrest.ÌÌà àRobert€Beard€of€the€THP€testified€that€he€and€the€other€troopersÏattempted€to€form€a€moving€roadblock€to€apprehend€the€defendant.€€He€stated€that€onÏat€least€three€occasions,€the€defendant's€grill€and€bumper€were€not€visible€in€hisÏrearview€mirror,€although€he€did€not€believe€that€the€defendant€had€actually€bumpedÏhim€at€any€time.€€He€recounted€that€there€were€still€several€vehicles€on€the€roadwayÏduring€the€chase€and€that€the€defendant€switched€lanes€several€times.€€He€gave€aÏsimilar€account€of€the€defendantððs€behavior€and€stated€that€the€defendant€bit€OfficerÏLarry€Campbell€of€the€Coffee€County€Drug€Task€Force€while€being€restrained.ÌÌà àDeputy€William€Marcom€of€the€Coffee€County€Sheriff's€DepartmentÏtestified€that€he€followed€the€chase€behind€Trooper€Tanner's€car€and€that€no€one€everÏhit€the€defendant's€car.€€He€stated€that,€when€the€officers€tried€to€apprehend€theÏdefendant,€the€defendant€kept€reaching€under€his€seat€and€would€not€exit€the€car.€€HeÏrecounted€that€he€sprayed€the€defendant€with€Mace€in€order€to€facilitate€his€arrest.€€HeÏtestified€that€he€assisted€in€the€search€of€the€defendant's€vehicle€and€that€the€searchÏuncovered€no€weapons€or€drugs.€€ÌÌà àThe€defendant€testified€that€he€was€traveling€from€Atlanta€to€NashvilleÏwhen€he€met€a€girl€at€a€gas€station€and€followed€her€to€a€party.€€He€stated€that€heÏasked€for€a€nonalcoholic€drink€and€consumed€two€sixteen€ounce€beverages€beforeÏsmelling€marijuana€and€leaving€the€party.€€He€could€not€remember€the€location€of€theÏgas€station€or€the€party.€€He€stated€that€he€started€to€feel€"œkinda›€racy"€when€heÏreturned€to€Interstate€24.€€He€testified€that€he€initially€stopped€for€Trooper€Fraley€butÏsped€away€when€something€frightened€him.€€He€admitted€that€he€passed€the€semi„trucks.€€He€described€the€moving€roadblock€and€stated€that,€although€he€was€drivingÏbehind€Trooper€Beard,€Beard€was€slowing€down€in€order€to€hit€him.€€He€stated€that€theÏtroopers€were€so€close€that€he€went€off€the€road€to€avoid€an€accident€and€wasÏunconscious€until€he€awoke€to€find€Trooper€Fraley€standing€over€him€with€a€gun.€€HeÏalso€claimed€that€the€troopers€broke€his€arm€while€apprehending€him.ÌÌà àOn€cross„examination€the€defendant€was€questioned€about€his€directÏexamination€testimony€relative€to€his€career€as€a€research€chemist€and€agreed€thatÏthe€average€research€chemist€could€make€twenty€thousand€dollars€a€year€butÏexplained€that€he€did€not€have€to€work€that€much.€€The€state€questioned€him€about€hisÏaffidavit€of€œindigency›€to€qualify€for€appointed€counsel€on€which€he€reported€his€annualÏincome€as€three€thousand€dollars,€although€he€testified€to€an€income€of€five€thousandÏdollars€on€direct€examination.€€When€questioned€regarding€why€he€told€his€treatingÏphysician€that€he€had€not€suffered€any€loss€of€consciousness,€he€denied€making€theÍstatement.€€He€also€denied€telling€the€physician€that€he€regularly€used€crack€andÏcocaine€in€conjunction€with€Prozac€to€enhance€the€high.€€When€confronted€with€theÏvideotape,€the€defendant€implied€that€it€was€not€him€on€the€videotape€because,€as€heÏstated,€"I€can't€see€my€face."ÌÌà@ àò òIó óÌà àThe€defendant€contends€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€convict€him€ofÏfelony€reckless€endangerment.€€He€claims€that€his€conduct€did€not€rise€to€the€level€ofÏrecklessness€required€for€a€conviction€for€reckless€endangerment€and€that€hisÏinvoluntary€intoxication€was€a€defense€to€the€conduct.€€Our€standard€of€review€whenÏthe€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€is€questioned€on€appeal€is€"whether,€after€viewing€theÏevidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€prosecution,€òòanyóó€rational€trier€of€fact€couldÏhave€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt."€€òòJacksonÏv.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€319,€99€S.€Ct.€2781,€2789€(1979).ÌÌà àA€conviction€for€felony€reckless€endangerment€requires€that€a€personÏ"recklessly€engages€in€conduct€which€places€or€may€place€another€person€inÏimminent€danger€of€death€or€serious€bodily€injury"€by€the€use€of€a€deadly€weapon.€ÏT.C.A.€ðð€39„13„103.€€A€person€acts€recklessly€"when€the€person€is€aware€of€butÏconsciously€disregards€a€substantial€and€unjustifiable€risk€.€.€.€.€The€risk€must€be€ofÏsuch€a€nature€and€degree€that€its€disregard€constitutes€a€gross€deviation€from€aÍstandard€of€care€that€an€ordinary€person€would€exercise€under€all€the€circumstancesÏas€viewed€from€the€accused€person's€standpoint."€€T.C.A.€ðð€39„11„106(31).€€A€deadlyÏweapon€is€defined€as€"[a]nything€that€in€a€manner€of€its€use€or€intended€use€isÏcapable€of€causing€death€or€serious€bodily€injury."€€€T.C.A.€ðð€39„11„106(5)(B).ÌÌà àThe€evidence€in€this€case€is€sufficient€to€support€the€two€convictions€forÏfelony€reckless€endangerment.€€The€defendant€was€convicted€of€endangeringÏTroopers€Fraley,€€Beard€and€others.€€He€engaged€Trooper€Fraley€in€an€eighteen„mileÏchase€with€speeds€exceeding€ninety€miles€per€hour.€€He€failed€to€slow€down€or€toÏyield€to€the€troopers'€sirens€or€blue€lights.€€Two€instances€in€particular€stand€out€asÏespecially€reckless€acts.€€First,€when€two€semi„trucks€attempted€to€aid€in€hisÏapprehension,€the€defendant€passed€them€on€the€shoulder€while€approaching€aÏbridge,€endangering€the€safety€of€the€truck€drivers,€himself€and€Trooper€Fraley.€€Later,Ïthe€defendant€drove€closely€€behind€Trooper€Beard€at€speeds€up€to€one€hundredÏmiles€per€hour€for€approximately€four€miles€before€crashing€into€the€bridge€support.€ÏFurthermore,€as€is€apparent€from€the€videotape,€the€interstate€was€heavily€traveledÏeven€at€10:00€p.m.€and€the€defendant€and€troopers€passed€several€vehicles€duringÏthe€chase.€€The€defendant€acted€recklessly€and€endangered€the€lives€and€safety€ofÏthe€troopers,€as€well€as€anyone€else€on€the€road.€€We€also€conclude€that€theÏdefendant's€automobile€was€used€in€a€manner€consistent€with€a€deadly€weapon.ÌÌà àRelative€to€his€defense€of€involuntary€intoxication,€the€defendant€testifiedÏthat€he€met€a€woman€at€a€gas€station,€followed€her€to€a€party€and€ingested€what€heÏclaims€was€a€nonalcoholic€beverage€that€someone€must€have€"spiked"€with€a€drug.€ÏHe€could€not€specify€where€he€met€this€woman€or€where€the€party€took€place.€€WhenÏconfronted€regarding€his€statements€to€the€treating€physician€that€he€regularly€usedÏcocaine€or€crack€in€conjunction€with€Prozac,€he€denied€making€the€statement.€€TheÏjury€is€the€exclusive€judge€of€the€credibility€of€witnesses€and€it€was€their€prerogative€toÏdisbelieve€the€defendant's€testimony.€€We€will€not€reweigh€the€credibility€of€theÏwitnesses€on€appeal€and€we€conclude€that€the€evidence€is€sufficient€to€support€aÏconviction€for€felony€reckless€endangerment.ÌÌà@ àò òIIó óÌà àThe€defendant,€an€African„American,€contends€that€he€was€denied€a€fairÏtrial€because€the€jury€did€not€represent€a€fair€cross„section€of€the€community.€€TheÏstate€responds€that€the€issue€is€waived€for€the€defendant's€failure€to€objectÏcontemporaneously€to€the€jury€selection€process.€€The€record€reflects€that€theÏdefendant€raised€this€issue€for€the€first€time€in€his€motion€for€a€new€trial.€€We€agreeÏwith€the€state€and€conclude€that€"[b]y€failing€to€raise€this€issue€prior€to€a€plea€on€theÏmerits,€this€issue€has€been€waived."€€òòState€v.€Shawóó,€619€S.W.2d€546,€548€(Tenn.ÏCrim.€App.)€òòapp.óó€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1981).ÌÌà@ àò òIIIó óÌà àThe€defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€imposed€an€excessive€sentenceÏand€failed€to€weigh€properly€the€applicable€enhancing€and€mitigating€factors.€€TheÏstate€responds€that€the€trial€court€properly€applied€all€the€enhancement€factors€inÏarriving€at€the€maximum€sentence€of€two€years.ÌÌà àAppellate€review€of€sentencing€is€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€on€the€record€with€aÏpresumption€that€the€trial€court's€determinations€are€correct.€€T.C.A.€ðððð€40„35„401(d)Ïand€„402(d).€€As€the€Sentencing€Commission€Comments€to€these€sections€note,€theÏburden€is€now€on€the€appealing€party€to€show€that€the€sentencing€is€improper.€€ThisÏmeans€that€if€the€trial€court€follows€the€statutory€sentencing€procedure,€makes€findingsÏof€fact€that€are€adequately€supported€by€the€record€and€gives€due€consideration€andÏproper€application€of€the€factors€and€principles€that€are€relevant€to€sentencing€underÏthe€1989€Sentencing€Act,€we€may€not€disturb€the€sentence€even€if€a€different€resultÏwere€preferred.€€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785,€789€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€ÏHowever,€"the€presumption€of€correctness€which€accompanies€the€trial€court's€actionÏis€conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€courtÏconsidered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances."€€òòStateÏv.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).ÌÌà àIn€conducting€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review,€we€must€consider€(1)€the€evidence,€ifÏany,€received€at€the€trial€and€sentencing€hearing,€(2)€the€presentence€report,€(3)€theÏprinciples€of€sentencing€and€arguments€as€to€sentencing€alternatives,€(4)€the€natureÏand€characteristics€of€the€criminal€conduct,€(5)€any€mitigating€or€statutoryÏenhancement€factors,€(6)€any€statement€that€the€defendant€made€on€his€own€behalfÏand€(7)€the€potential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€T.C.A.€ðððð€40„35„102,€„103€andÌ€„210;€òòseeóó€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€168;€òòState€v.€Mossóó,€727€S.W.2d€229€(Tenn.€1986).ÌÌà àThe€sentence€to€be€imposed€by€the€trial€court€is€presumptively€theÏminimum€in€the€range€unless€there€are€enhancement€factors€present.€€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„210(c).€€Procedurally,€the€trial€court€is€to€increase€the€sentence€within€the€range€basedÏupon€the€existence€of€enhancement€factors€and,€then,€reduce€the€sentence€asÏappropriate€for€any€mitigating€factors.€€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„210(d)€and€(e).€€The€weight€toÏbe€afforded€an€existing€factor€is€left€to€the€trial€courtððs€discretion€so€long€as€it€compliesÏwith€the€purposes€and€principles€of€the€1989€Sentencing€Act€and€its€findings€areÏadequately€supported€by€the€record.€€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„210,€Sentencing€CommissionÏComments;€òòMossóó,€727€S.W.2d€at€237;€òòseeóó€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€169.€€For€theÏpurpose€of€review,€the€trial€court€must€preserve€in€the€record€the€factors€it€found€toÏapply€and€the€specific€findings€of€fact€upon€which€it€applied€the€sentencing€principlesÏto€arrive€at€the€sentence.€€òòSeeóó€T.C.A.€ðððð€40„35„210(f)€and€„209(c).Ì€Ìà àThe€defendant€was€sentenced€to€the€maximum€two„year€sentence.€ÏEnhancement€factors€are€to€be€applied€to€the€facts€of€the€offense€if€not€themselvesÏessential€elements€of€the€offense.€€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„114;€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€883€S.W.2dÏ597,€601€(Tenn.€1994).€€The€trial€court€applied€the€following€enhancement€factors€asÏlisted€in€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„114:ÌÓÓà à(3)€€The€offense€involved€more€than€one€victim;ÌÌà à(10)€€The€defendant€had€no€hesitation€about€committing€a€Ìà àcrime€when€the€risk€to€human€life€was€high;€andÌÌà à(16)€€The€crime€was€committed€under€circumstances€under€Ì€à àwhich€the€potential€for€bodily€injury€to€a€victim€was€great.ÌÌÓÓFactor€(3)€was€properly€applied€in€this€case€given€the€numerous€vehicles€that€wereÏtraveling€on€the€interstate€during€the€chase.€€The€defendant€not€only€endangered€theÏlives€of€the€troopers€but€also€endangered€the€lives€of€many€other€motorists.€€FactorsÏ(10)€and€(16)€should€not€have€been€applied€because€felony€reckless€endangermentÏrequires€the€use€of€a€deadly€weapon€and€our€court€has€held€that€there€is€necessarily€aÏhigh€risk€to€human€life€and€the€great€potential€for€bodily€injury€whenever€a€deadlyÏweapon€is€used.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Hillóó,€885€S.W.2d€357,€363€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòapp.óóÏòòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1994);€òòState€v.€Hicksóó,€868€S.W.2d€729.€732€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).Ì€€€€€€Ìà àThe€trial€court€rejected€three€of€the€defendant's€requested€mitigatingÏfactors:€that€the€defendant's€conduct€neither€caused€nor€threatened€serious€bodilyÏinjury,€that€substantial€grounds€exist€to€excuse€the€defendant's€conduct€and€that€theÍdefendant€was€under€the€influence€of€involuntary€intoxication.€€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„113(1),(3)€and€(8).€€However,€the€trial€court€did€consider€as€mitigation€the€defendant'sÏsocial€history€and€background,€despite€the€fact€that€it€was€unsubstantiated€by€anyÏwitnesses,€documentation€or€verification€by€the€presentence€officer.€× ƒ1 ××  ×€€We€agree€thatÏthe€evidence€does€not€support€the€application€of€mitigating€factors€(1),€(3)€and€(8)€andÏconclude€that€the€trial€court€was€more€than€generous€to€consider€the€defendant'sÏunsubstantiated€background€as€mitigation€under€these€circumstances.€€Although€theÏtrial€court€erroneously€applied€two€enhancement€factors,€we€conclude€that€two€yearsÏis€an€appropriate€sentence€in€light€of€the€defendant's€total€disregard€for€the€safety€ofÏnumerous€motorists€as€evidenced€by€the€eighteen€mile,€one„hundred„miles„per„hourÏchase€in€which€he€engaged€to€police.ÌÌÌà@ àò òIVó óÌà àIn€the€defendant's€final€issue,€he€argues€that€the€trial€court€abused€itsÏdiscretion€when€it€increased€his€bond€from€three€thousand€dollars€to€ten€thousandÏdollars€pending€appeal.€€At€the€conclusion€of€the€trial€proceedings€but€before€theÏsentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€increased€the€defendant's€bond,€stating€thatÏ"considering€the€verdict€of€the€jury€here,€I€think€it€is€appropriate€that€the€bond€beÍincreased."€€The€defendant€did€not€object€to€the€bond€increase€at€that€time€but€did€fileÏa€motion€for€reduction€of€bond€before€sentencing.€€The€motion€requested€that€theÏdefendant€be€released€on€his€own€recognizance€or€that€the€original€bond€of€threeÏthousand€dollars€be€reinstated€due€to€the€fact€that€the€defendant€had€already€servedÏnine€months€in€jail€by€the€date€of€the€sentencing€hearing.€€At€the€conclusion€of€theÏsentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€denied€the€defendant's€motion€but€failed€to€enter€aÏwritten€order€stating€his€reasons€for€denial.€€òòSeeóó€T.C.A.€ðð€40„30„143.ÌÌà àT.C.A.€ðð€40„30„113(3)€addresses€a€defendant's€admission€to€bailÏpending€appeal€and€grants€broad€discretion€in€the€trial€court€regarding€whether€toÏreduce€or€increase€bond€pending€appeal.€€However,€it€is€apparent€from€the€record€thatÏthis€issue€is€moot€because€the€record€reflects€that€the€defendant's€sentence€has€longÏsince€been€served.× ƒ2 ××  ×€€€Therefore,€we€need€not€address€whether€the€trial€court€abusedÏits€discretion€in€increasing€the€defendant's€bond€pending€appeal.ÌÌà àBased€upon€the€foregoing€and€the€record€as€a€whole,€the€convictions€andÏsentences€for€two€counts€of€felony€reckless€endangerment€are€affirmed.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àòòà à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌà àà àà àà àà àà àJoseph€M.€Tipton,€JudgeÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌJerry€Scott,€Presiding€JudgeÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€òòÌóóÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌDavid€G.€Hayes,€Judge