ÿWPC=% yÏÒT8B´»î“¬Ð, ãuh‘„ñŸè¯I-îPaùyHò©wÐaîøà|` Ò+XAó0zŽzZ.¼[œ OxĬ‰QìÂÓF›¸[ƒ{蜈Ôh]Ç©§]ËpV‚tLúµ†Qï„“ÑÝ[†á¶´Ã·*]<ÌÕ ØË%é­lbâEú4<„Ê×éQäߟ^¦rY…ÇPµÚJ닾¦ÊO¤ûx ­O©3hBÖà-¹!i†ÆÓò˜àuy­ómÏ,9í§²±h£º¨übèJ|•ÔZYydjÂ×ÛW4lºÒiB·-àxÞPéšÄ‡ŠvyÖ9ÁGábJÚër[QÅÚ‹V6P'™¸oŒ_–7 W›½q“rÓÛíkÂ;!÷ßá#ÄÀn/¼t iO¹\4Š4wjWóYO“<ùZyƲ¬G!ÝQ.¸›*Òî ;ô=GÚý"tqÍ2b:„7KcÕ‰DTZ2 Õ—t#Ä ý™&‰Lç+ÅN²LŸä ÖõÇ¥ê 9íYVàÔìõBîAd07^jÄ ö<¯—f…~é‡Óem¥KÁ‰³0ýÈ£žMÂä˜Þ9’öÏ-Zf×ÎÀP ý”oyéÐcâëè*Ý'ÞchEÏPÐ…# F UNQ %Ÿ 0(¥ U:Í b w@ 4O c 0 Dr 0 ж U@† UNÆ „ ˜þ˜›ˆ3­»©h°U:ÁæûU:ááááááá Bé888888888 D3!#!#!# 0DT#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T#T# AO˜#Æç#ç# 0D­$ D/ñ$ B %˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÎ(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡,“í|AZ‹"Arial Regular- ù- T{UHVWEXYDZ[D\]Ó€uM%3|xf(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(‡!2$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X®åXXXÔÔ€Â5ÂXX®åÔÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó*Ͼ¦ `(CG TimesScalable(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman Regular zÝ ƒ $ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X®åXXXÔÔ€Â5ÂXX®åÔÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€€Phillip€Garner,€Executive€Director€for€Buffalo€River€Services,€testified€that€to€qualify€as€a€client€at€thatÐ `  Ðorganization,€an€individual€must€have€an€IQ€of€sixty„nine€(69)€or€below.€ò òó ó ûÝ ƒ $ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X®åXXXÔÔ€Â5ÂXX®åÔÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€It€is€the€policy€of€this€Court€to€not€reveal€the€names€of€victims€of€sexual€abuse. ôÝ ƒ Òþ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XÎ’XXXÔԀ•< ÂXXÎ’ÔÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€Ô‡ ªä  Â•<ÔBecause€D.Q.€was€epileptic,€Appellant€testified€that€he€never€would€have€attempted€to€drive€the€truck€accompanied€only€byÐ `  ÐD.Q.€€He€explained€that€whenever€he€traveled€with€any€client€having€a€seizure€disorder,€such€as€epilepsy,€he€would€take€along€aÏthird€person,€either€another€staff€member€or€a€client€with€no€history€of€seizures,€to€assist€in€restraining€the€individual€in€the€eventÏof€a€seizure€until€he€could€pull€off€the€road.€€Appellant€further€testified€that€Griffin€also€experienced€seizures.Ô#†Â•<   ªä©#Ô ŽÝ ƒ Òþ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XÎ’XXXÔԀ•< ÂXXÎ’ÔÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€Appellant€was€originally€indicted€on€two€(2)€counts€of€aggravated€sexual€battery.€ò òó ó€€However,€the€stateÐ `  Ðsubsequently€amended€the€indictment€to€charge€Appellant€with€two€(2)€counts€of€sexual€battery.ò òó ó ~Ý ƒ Òþ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XÎ’XXXÔԀ•< ÂXXÎ’ÔÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€It€was€the€stateððs€theory€at€trial€that€because€Appellant€was€responsible€for€completing€the€ð ðvehicleÐ `  Ðdocumentation€sheet,ðð€he€falsified€the€documents€to€conceal€his€criminal€activity. £Ý ƒ Òþ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XÎ’XXXÔԀ•< ÂXXÎ’ÔÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€Indeed,€the€trial€court€commented€at€the€sentencing€hearing,€ð ðIððm€convinced€from€the€testimony,€from€his€familyÐ `  Ðmembers,€from€seeing€the€[victim]€myself,€seeing€him€testify,€that€he€is€severely€mentally€handicapped€.€.€.ðð ŸÝ ƒ Òþ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XÎ’XXXÔԀ•< ÂXXÎ’ÔÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú7Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€We€are€perplexed€as€to€how€a€ð ðvictimðð€can€be€an€ð ðaccompliceðð€under€any€circumstance.€€The€two€terms€areÐ `  Ðmutually€exclusive€under€Tennessee€law.€€A€ð ðvictimðð€is€statutorily€defined€as€ð ðthe€person€alleged€to€have€beenÏòòsubjected€toóó€criminal€sexual€conduct.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„501(8)€(1991)€(emphasis€added).€€However,€anÐ ´ T Ðð ðaccompliceððis€one€who€Ô‡ ªä  Â•<Ôð ðknowingly,€voluntarily,€and€with€common€intent€òòunites€withóó€the€principal€offender€in€the€commissionÐ ^ þ Ðof€a€crime.ðð€€òòState€v.€Greenóó,€915€S.W.2d€827,€831€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995)€(emphasis€added).Ô#†Â•<   ªäS#Ô€€Furthermore,€the€ð ðtestðð€toÐ  ® Ðdetermine€if€a€person€is€an€accomplice€to€an€offense€is€whether€that€person€could€be€indicted€for€or€convicted€of€thatÏoffense.€€òòState€v.€Greenóó,€915€S.W.2d€at€831;€òòState€v.€Lawsonóó,€794€S.W.2d€363,€369€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990). ¦Ý ƒ Òþ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XÎ’XXXÔԀ•< ÂXXÎ’ÔÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú8Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€€The€parties€do€not€dispute€that€assault€is€a€lesser€included€offense€of€sexual€battery.€€òòSeeóó€òòÔ‡ ªä  Â•<ÔState€v.€Howardóó,€926Ð `  ÐS.W.2d€579,€586€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).Ô#†Â•<   ªä#Ô,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ÜÔ€X®åXXXÔÔ€bXX®åÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X®åXbÔÐ  ÐÌMarch€18,€1999ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular d ßÝ ƒ Òþ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XÎ’XXXÔԀ•< ÂXXÎ’ÔÓÓ€€€€€òòÚ  Ú9Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€Appellant€does€not€argue€that€he€should€be€sentenced€as€an€Especially€Mitigated€Offender€under€Tenn.€CodeÐ `  ÐAnn.€ðð€40„35„109.€€However,€this€Court€finds€that€he€would€not€be€entitled€to€sentencing€as€an€Especially€MitigatedÏOffender.€€We€are€authorized,€under€our€power€of€òòde€novoóó€review,€to€consider€any€enhancement€factors€supportedÐ ´ T € Ðby€the€record.€€òòState€v.€Claybrooksóó,€910€S.W.2d€868,€873€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€€Appellant€has€a€history€of€priorÐ `  Ðcriminal€conduct€as€he€admitted€to€illegal€marijuana€use€in€the€pre„sentence€report.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„¼114(1).€€Furthermore,€although€rejected€by€the€trial€court€as€an€enhancement€factor,€we€find€that€Appellant€abused€aÏposition€of€private€trust.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(15).'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÑ` °ÑÒ°ÒÒ„°ÒÔ€Š`1ŠXXÔÔ€ŠÓfŠŠŠ`1ÔÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ€ÑÑ7€ì°XXdðdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò òñ]ñßr€*<,(j 8` `€€@Eôf ` 8ttxP,` ð  rßñ]ñIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÐ `  ÐÌAT€NASHVILLEÌÌJANUARY€SESSION,€1998ÌÌÌÓ  ÓñTññSñTNNñSññTññTñSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEñTññ\ñ,ñ\ñ€ñUñERY€EDWARD€PITTS,ñUñà À à)à  àC.C.A.€NO.€01C01„9701„CC„00003Ð ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àó ó)Ð ` Ðà ` àAppellñWññVñEEñVññWññXñeeñXññYñantñYñ,à  àà h àà À àò ò)Ð Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àWAYNE€COUNTYÐ Xø  ÐVS.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àÐ Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHON.€JAMES€L.€WEATHERFORDó óÐ Xø  Ðò òJEFFREY€EDWARD€PITTS,ó óà À àò ò)à  àJUDGEó óÐ Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àò ò)ó óÐ Xø Ðà ` àAppellñZñantñZññ[ñeeñ[ñ.à  àà h àà À àò ò)à  à(Direct€Appeal€„€Class€E€Felony)Ð Xø Ðó óÌÌÓ  ÓÌÌòòÓ  ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à h àà À àà  àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:Ð 8Ø ÐÌW.C.€KEATONà  àà h àà À àà  àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÐ ( È ÐLAURA€METCALFà h àà À àà  àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ  !À ÐKeaton,€Turner€&€SpitzerÌP.€O.€Box€789à  àà h àà À àà  àKAREN€YACUZZOÐ #° Ð102€N.€Court€Streetà h àà À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€GenealÐ $¨ ÐHohenwald,€TN€€38462à h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÐ %  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àMIKE€BOTTOMSÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àSTELLA€HARGROVEÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€District€AttorneyÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àPublic€SquareÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àColumbia,€TN€€38401ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌAFFIRMED€IN€PART;€REVERSED€IN€PARTÌÌJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÐ  x5,- ÐÓ  ÓÔ€°j°ŠŠÓfÔò òòòÔ‡„0ü „°°jÔOPINIONÔ#†°j° „„0ü6 #Ôóóó óÔ€ŠÓfа°jÔÐ `  ÐÓ  ÓÓÓÌà ` àThe€appellant,€Jeffrey€Edward€Pitts,€was€convicted€by€a€Wayne€County€juryÏof€two€(2)€counts€of€sexual€battery,€a€Class€E€felony.€€He€was€sentenced€as€aÏRange€I€offender€to€consecutive€terms€of€one€(1)€year€incarceration€for€eachÏoffense.€€On€appeal,€Appellant€presents€the€following€issues€for€ourÏconsideration:€€(1)€whether€there€was€a€fatal€variance€between€the€indictment€andÏthe€stateððs€proof€at€trial;€(2)€whether€the€evidence€was€sufficient€to€sustainÏAppellant's€convictions;€(3)€whether€the€prosecution's€closing€argument€wasÏimproper;€(4)€whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€failing€to€instruct€the€jury€on€theÏlesser€included€offense€of€assault;€and€(5)€whether€the€trial€court€properlyÏsentenced€Appellant.€€After€a€thorough€review€of€the€record€before€this€Court,€weÏconclude€that€the€state€failed€to€establish€venue€on€Count€One;€therefore,ÏAppellantððs€conviction€on€Count€One€is€reversed.€€In€all€other€respects,€theÏjudgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.ÌÌà@ƒƒ%®àò òòòFACTUAL€BACKGROUNDó óóóˆÐ Ô't ÐÌà ` àD.Q.,׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€the€victim,€worked€at€Buffalo€River€Services,€an€organizationÐ Ä+d"# Ðemploying€mentally€disabled€individuals.׃:×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€€He€was€forty„three€years€old€at€theÐ ´-T$% Ðtime€of€trial€in€1996€and€had€worked€for€Buffalo€River€Services€since€1973.€€PartÏof€D.Q.'s€employment€included€traveling€periodically€to€nearby€towns€with€aÏsupervisor€in€order€to€empty€donation€boxes.€€Appellant€was€such€a€supervisor.€ÏÐ t5,- Ðà ` àD.Q.€testified€that€during€one€of€their€trips,€Appellant€asked€D.Q.€to€performÏoral€sex€on€Appellant,€but€D.Q.€refused.€€Appellant€persisted€in€soliciting€oral€sexÏfrom€D.Q.,€and€D.Q.€ultimately€acquiesced€on€two€different€occasions.€€AccordingÏto€his€testimony,€D.Q.€complied€with€Appellantððs€wishes€because€Appellant€wasÏð ðthe€bossðð€and€because€D.Q.€had€been€directed€to€do€whatever€the€boss€said.€Ìà ` àOn€the€first€occasion,€Appellant€and€the€victim€drove€alone€to€HohenwaldÏto€collect€donations€from€the€donation€boxes€when€Appellant€again€asked€D.Q.Ïto€perform€oral€sex€on€him.€€Appellant€told€D.Q.€that€the€oral€sex€would€ð ðmakeÏ[Appellant]€feel€good.ðð€€Appellant€also€warned€the€victim€not€to€tell€anyone€aboutÏwhat€had€occurred.€€D.Q.€could€not€recall€the€specific€location€of€the€first€incident.Ìà ` àD.Q.€testified€that€the€second€incident€occurred€on€the€day€immediatelyÏfollowing€the€first€incident.€€He€recalled€that€the€second€incident€occurred€whileÏhe,€Appellant,€and€another€Buffalo€River€Services€client,€Larry€Griffin,€wereÏreturning€from€Hohenwald€after€retrieving€collections€from€the€donation€boxes.€ÏD.Q.€testified€that€the€second€incident€occurred€near€a€cafe€and€a€service€stationÏlocated€in€Waynesboro,€Tennessee.€Ìà ` àAt€trial,€the€state€called€Larry€Griffin€to€testify.€€However,€Griffin€wasÏunresponsive€to€the€oath,€as€well€as€to€questions€posed€by€the€prosecution€andÏdefense€counsel.€Ìà ` àBoth€D.Q.€and€his€father€testified€that€D.Q.€experienced€seizures.€€€€D.Q.Ïadmitted€that€during€a€seizure,€it€was€not€uncommon€for€him€to€grab€people€orÏobjects€nearby.€€€The€victimððs€father€explained€that€it€was€not€unusual€for€D.Q.€toÏhave€two€or€three€seizures€per€day.€Ìà ` àThe€state€presented€documentation€from€Buffalo€River€Services€whichÏshowed€that€the€victim€had€traveled€with€a€supervisor€to€assist€in€picking€upÏclothing€for€the€donation€boxes€on€June€22€and€June€30€of€1994.€€TheÐ Ð9p02 Ðdocumentation€further€showed€that€Larry€Griffin€was€ð ðpossiblyðð€riding€with€theÏvictim€on€June€30.€€The€state€further€presented€ð ðvehicle€documentation€sheetsððÏfrom€June€22€and€June€30,€which€showed€that€Appellant€was€traveling€on€thoseÏdays.€€ò ò€ó óHowever,€the€ð ðvehicle€documentation€sheetsðð€indicated€that€Appellant€wasÐ 0Ð Ðtraveling€with€supported€employment€clients€on€those€days.€€€The€victim€was€aÏð ðday€services€client,ðð€not€a€ð ðsupported€employment€client.ðð€ñHññ?ñÔ#†X³ X X XÉ/‰ #Ôñ?ññHññJññ?ñÔ‡ ŠÅŠŠŠ’cÔñ?ññJñLaura€Brewer,€theÏprogram€director€at€Buffalo€River€Services,€testified€that€the€driver€of€the€vehicleÏwas€the€person€who€completed€the€ð ðvehicle€documentation€sheet.ððñJññ?ñÔ#†Š’cŠŠ ŠÅì#Ôñ?ññJññKñÔ‡ ŠÅŠŠŠ’cÔñKñ׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×ñKñÔ#†Š’cŠŠ ŠÅ #ÔñKññLñÔ‡ ŠÅŠŠŠ’cÔñLñÐ    Ðà ` àAppellant€testified€in€his€own€behalf€at€trial.€€He€stated€that€he€worked€atÏBuffalo€River€Services€from€approximately€April€1987€until€August€1994.€€ÏAppellant€supervised€both€the€vocational€rehabilitation€program€and€supportedÏemployment€program.€Ìà ` àAppellant€testified€that€because€D.Q.€was€a€day€services€client,€he€was€notÏunder€Appellant's€supervision.€€€Appellant€denied€ever€being€alone€with€the€victimÏin€a€vehicle€during€the€summer€of€1994.€€He€further€testified€that€he€was€never€inÏa€vehicle€with€D.Q.€and€Larry€Griffin€during€that€time€period.׃ä×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€€Appellant€statedÐ €&  Ðthat€there€were€only€two€occasions€where€he€traveled€with€ð ðday€services€clientsððÏduring€the€summer€of€1994,€and€D.Q.€was€not€one€of€those€clients.€€€Additionally,Ïhe€denied€falsifying€the€ð ðvehicle€documentation€sheetsðð€on€any€occasion.€Ìà ` àThe€jury€returned€guilty€verdicts€on€two€(2)€counts€of€sexual€battery.׃l×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€TheÐ @.à$& Ðtrial€court€sentenced€Appellant€as€a€Range€I€offender€to€consecutive€terms€of€oneÐ 00Ð&( Ð(1)€year€for€each€count.€€Additionally,€the€trial€court€denied€alternative€sentencingÏand€ordered€that€Appellant€serve€his€sentence€in€incarceration.€€From€hisÏconvictions€and€sentences,€Appellant€brings€this€appeal.ÌÌà@'®àò òòòFATAL€VARIANCEó óóóˆÐ  À ÐÌà ` àIn€his€first€issue,€Appellant€argues€that€the€evidence€presented€at€trialÏdiffered€from€the€dates€elected€by€the€state€in€the€bill€of€particulars€to€such€aÏdegree€as€to€present€a€fatal€variance€between€the€indictment€and€the€proof.€€HeÏclaims€that€because€the€victim€testified€that€the€offenses€occurred€on€consecutiveÏdays,€but€the€state€elected€non„consecutive€days€as€the€dates€of€the€offenses,€heÏwas€severely€prejudiced.Ìà ` àTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„13„207€provides,€ð ð[t]he€time€at€which€an€offense€wasÏcommitted€need€not€be€stated€in€the€indictment.€.€.€unless€the€time€is€a€materialÏingredient€of€the€offense.ðð€€Indeed,€it€is€only€necessary€that€the€evidence€proveÏthat€the€offense€occurred€prior€to€the€return€of€the€indictment.€€òòState€v.€Andersonóó,Ð €&  Ð748€S.W.2d€201,€203€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1985).€€A€variance€between€theÏindictment€and€the€proof€at€trial€will€not€be€held€fatal€unless€it€is€both€material€andÏprejudicial.€€òòState€v.€Hollomanóó,€835€S.W.2d€42,€45€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1992).€€ð ðAÐ P,ð"$ Ðmaterial€variance€will€not€be€found€where€the€allegations€and€proof€substantiallyÏcorrespond.ðð€€òòId.óóÐ 00Ð&( Ðà ` àIn€the€present€case,€the€indictment€alleged€that€the€offenses€occurredÏduring€the€summer€of€1994.€€In€response€to€Appellantððs€motion€for€a€bill€ofÏparticulars,€the€state€furnished€the€defense€with€three€possible€dates€of€theÏoffenses:€€April€4,€June€22,€and€June€30,€1994.€€At€the€conclusion€of€the€stateððsÏproof,€the€prosecution€narrowed€its€election€to€June€22€and€June€30,€1994.€Ð à9€02 Ðà ` àContrary€to€Appellantððs€assertion,€we€find€no€variance€between€theÏindictment€and€the€proof€presented€at€trial.€€The€indictment€alleged€that€theÏoffenses€occurred€in€the€summer€of€1994,€and€the€state€elected€the€dates€of€theÏoffenses€to€be€June€22€and€June€30,€1994.€€The€victim€testified€that€the€offensesÏoccurred€in€the€ð ðsummertimeðð€because€the€trees€were€green.€€€Furthermore,€theÏstate€presented€documentation€that€the€offenses€occurred€on€June€22€and€JuneÏ30,€1994.Ìà ` àThe€only€evidence€presented€by€the€state€that€the€offenses€occurred€onÏconsecutive€dates€was€the€testimony€of€the€victim,€a€mentally€disabled€person.€ÏThe€fact€that€the€victim€testified€to€consecutive€dates€when€the€state€relied€uponÏnon„consecutive€dates€merely€amounts€to€a€conflict€in€proof€for€the€jury€toÏreconcile.€€The€majority€of€the€stateððs€proof€supported€the€allegation€that€theÏoffenses€occurred€on€June€22€and€June€30,€1994.€€There€was€no€variance,Ïmaterial€or€otherwise,€between€the€indictment€and€the€stateððs€proof€at€trial.Ìà ` àThis€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà@îî!®àò òòòSUFFICIENCY€OF€THE€EVIDENCEó óóóˆÐ `(  ÐÌà ` àIn€his€next€issue,€Appellant€argues€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient€toÏsupport€his€convictions€for€sexual€battery.€€Specifically,€he€claims€that€the€stateÏfailed€to€prove€the€elements€for€two€counts€of€sexual€battery.€€Further,€he€insistsÏthat€the€victim€was€an€ð ðaccompliceðð€to€any€sexual€activity,€and€therefore,€hisÏtestimony€must€be€corroborated.€€Finally,€Appellant€asserts€that€the€state€failedÏto€establish€that€the€offenses€occurred€in€Wayne€County€and,€thus,€failed€toÏestablish€venue€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence.Ìà@#®àò òA.€€Standard€of€Reviewó óˆÐ à9€02 Ðà ` àThis€Court€reviews€a€challenge€to€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€accordingÏto€certain€well„settled€principles.€€On€appeal,€ð ðthe€state€is€entitled€to€the€strongestÏlegitimate€view€of€the€evidence€as€well€as€all€reasonable€and€legitimateÏinferences€that€may€be€drawn€therefrom.ðð€€òòId.óó€(citing€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571Ð 0Ð ÐS.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978)).€€Where€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€isÏcontested€on€appeal,€the€relevant€question€for€the€reviewing€court€is€whether€anyÏrational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€accused€guilty€of€every€element€of€theÏoffense€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€319,€99Ð ð  ÐS.Ct.€2781,€2789,€61€L.Ed.2d€560€(1979);€òòState€v.€Harrisóó,€839€S.W.2d€54,€75Ð à€ Ð(Tenn.€1992);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).€€In€conducting€our€evaluation€of€theÏconvicting€evidence,€this€Court€is€precluded€from€reweighing€or€reconsidering€theÏevidence€and€may€not€substitute€its€own€inferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€trierÏof€fact.€€òòState€v.€Morganóó,€929€S.W.2d€380,€383€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996);€òòStateÐ   @ Ðv.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€776,€779€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).Ð "0 Ðà ` àA€verdict€of€guilty€by€the€jury,€approved€by€the€trial€judge,€accredits€theÏtestimony€of€the€state's€witnesses€and€resolves€all€conflicts€in€the€testimony€inÏfavor€of€the€state.€€òòState€v.€Cazesóó,€875€S.W.2d€253,€259€(Tenn.€1994);€òòState€v.Ð `(  ÐHarrisóó,€839€S.W.2d€at€75.€€Although€an€accused€is€originally€cloaked€with€aÐ P*ð " Ðpresumption€of€innocence,€a€jury€verdict€removes€this€presumption€and€replacesÏit€with€one€of€guilt.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982).€€Hence,Ð 0.Ð$& Ðon€appeal,€the€burden€of€proof€rests€with€Appellant€to€demonstrate€theÏinsufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence.€€òòId.óóÐ 2°(* Ðà@™™®àò òB.€€Elements€of€Sexual€Batteryó óˆÐ 4 *, Ðà ` àAppellant€contends€that€the€state€failed€to€prove€the€essential€elements€ofÏsexual€battery€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€Firstly,€he€claims€that€there€isÏinsufficient€evidence€for€the€jury€to€find€that€the€victim€was€ð ðmentally€defectiveððÐ à9€02 Ðunder€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„501(3).€€He€further€argues€that€the€state€failedÏto€prove€that€the€sexual€contact€was€ð ðunlawful.ðð€€Finally,€he€asserts€that€the€stateÏfailed€to€prove€two€(2)€instances€of€sexual€contact.Ìà@TT-®àò ò1.ó óˆÐ 0Ð Ðà ` àSexual€battery€is€ð ðunlawful€sexual€contact€with€a€victim€by€the€defendantÏor€the€defendant€by€a€victimðð€where€the€ð ðdefendant€knows€or€has€reason€to€knowÏthat€the€victim€is€mentally€defective,€mentally€incapacitated€or€physicallyÏhelpless.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„13„503(a)(2),€39„13„505(a)€(1991).€€UnderÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„501(3)€(1991),€a€person€is€ð ðmentally€defectiveðð€if€theÏperson€ð ðsuffers€from€a€mental€disease€or€defect€which€renders€that€personÏtemporarily€or€permanently€incapable€of€appraising€the€nature€of€his€conduct.ððÌà ` àAt€trial,€the€victimððs€father€testified€that€D.Q.€was€approximately€eight€(8)Ïyears€old€when€he€was€institutionalized€due€to€a€mental€disability.€€ò ò€ó óD.Q.Ð ° P Ðremained€in€the€institution€for€about€ten€(10)€years.€€The€victimððs€father€testifiedÏthat,€although€D.Q.€can€write€his€own€name,€he€has€never€learned€how€to€read.€ÏFurthermore,€the€victimððs€father€testified€that€D.Q.€had€never€dated,€did€notÏdiscuss€sex€and€had€never€ð ðact[ed]€out€sexually.ðð€€Additionally,€Phillip€Garner,ÏExecutive€Director€of€Buffalo€River€Services,€testified€that€to€qualify€as€a€client€atÏthat€organization,€an€individual€must€have€an€IQ€of€sixty„nine€(69)€or€below.€€D.Q.Ïbegan€working€at€Buffalo€River€Services€in€1973€and€continued€to€do€so€duringÏthe€trial€in€1996.€Ìà ` àAppellant€argues€that€because€the€victim€testified€on€several€occasions€thatÏhe€knew€the€sexual€activity€was€ð ðwrong,ðð€and€because€he€refused€to€participateÏin€the€sexual€activity€on€a€prior€occasion,€then€he€was€capable€of€ð ðappraising€theÏnature€of€his€conduct.ðð€€However,€knowing€that€such€sexual€activity€is€ð ðwrongððÏdoes€not€necessarily€equate€with€being€capable€of€appraising€the€nature€of€hisÐ ð902 Ðconduct.€€D.Q.,€as€a€client€of€Buffalo€River€Services,€had€to€have€an€IQ€of€sixty„¼nine€(69)€or€below€in€order€to€participate€in€the€program.€€Moreover,€the€jury€wasÏable€to€observe€the€victim€during€his€testimony€and€determine€his€mentalÏcapacity.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€There€was€sufficient€evidence€from€which€a€jury€could€find€that€theÐ 0Ð Ðvictim€was€ð ðmentally€deficientðð€under€the€statute.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„Ð  À Ð501(3)€(1991).Ìà@TT-®àò ò2.ó óˆÐ    Ðà ` àAppellant€also€argues€that€the€state€failed€to€prove€that€the€sexual€contactÏwas€ð ðunlawful.ðð€€He€cites€òòCampbell€v.€Sundquistóó,€926€S.W.2d€250€(Tenn.€App.Ð ð Ð1996),€for€the€proposition€that€consensual,€homosexual€activity€is€not€an€illegalÏact.€€Apparently,€the€appellantððs€argument€is€that€an€ð ðunlawfulðð€sexual€act€isÏsynonymous€with€a€non„consensual€act;€therefore,€if€the€victim€consented€to€theÏsexual€contact,€there€is€no€sexual€battery.Ìà ` àIn€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€889€S.W.2d€225€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994),€the€defendantÐ  "@ Ðraised€a€similar€argument€with€regard€to€aggravated€rape.€€This€Court€rejected€theÏargument,€stating,€ð ð[e]ven€though€the€term€ððunlawfulðð€may€generally€refer€to€non„¼consensual€acts,€the€defense€of€consent€is€still€not€available€when€the€factorÏelevating€the€crime€from€simple€rape€to€aggravated€rape€is€the€age€of€the€victim.ðð€ÏòòId.óó€at€227.€€We€find€the€same€reasoning€applies€in€this€case.€€Because€lack€ofÐ P,ð"$ Ðconsent€is€not€an€element€to€sexual€battery€under€this€portion€of€the€statute,€theÏconsent€of€the€victim€is€never€a€defense.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„13„Ð 00Ð&( Ð503(a)(2),€39„13„505(a)€(1991).€€The€use€of€the€word€ð ðunlawfulðð€in€the€statuteÏdoes€not€alter€this.ñMñÌñMñÐ 6 ,. Ðà@TT-®àò ò3.ó óˆÐ `  Ðà ` àAppellant€further€argues€that€the€state€merely€proved€one€instance€ofÏsexual€battery;€therefore,€one€of€his€convictions€must€be€reversed.€€Although€theÏvictimððs€testimony€is€admittedly€confusing,€he€explained€to€the€jury€that€he€refusedÏto€participate€in€the€sexual€activity€when€he€and€Appellant€were€on€a€trip€toÏCollinwood.€€€He€then€testified€that€the€first€time€he€participated€in€the€activity,€heÏand€Appellant€were€alone€in€the€truck€on€the€way€to€Hohenwald.€€€The€secondÏincident€occurred€on€the€way€back€from€Hohenwald,€and€Larry€Griffin€was€presentÏin€the€truck.€€€The€victim€did€not€describe€both€incidents€in€detail,€but€testified€thatÏboth€incidents€lasted€approximately€five€(5)€minutes.€The€state€presentedÏsufficient€evidence€of€two€(2)€separate€instances€of€sexual€activity.Ìà ` àThis€issue€is€without€merit.Ìà@tt"®àò òC.€€Accomplice€Testimonyó óˆÐ ° P Ðà ` àNext,€Appellant€contends€that€the€victim€was€an€accomplice€to€any€sexualÏactivity.€€Therefore,€he€contends€that€the€victimððs€testimony€must€be€corroborated.€ÏAppellant€maintains€that,€without€such€corroboration,€his€convictions€for€sexualÏbattery€can€not€be€sustained.Ìà ` àIt€is€well„established€that€a€conviction€may€not€be€based€solely€upon€theÏuncorroborated€testimony€of€an€accomplice.€€òòState€v.€Bigbeeóó,€885€S.W.2d€797,Ð `,#$ Ð803€(Tenn.€1994);€òòState€v.€Harrisóó,€839€S.W.2d€54,€75€(Tenn.€1992);€òòState€v.Ð P.ð$& ÐMcKnightóó,€900€S.W.2d€36,€47€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€€Appellant€relies€on€òòStateÐ @0à&( Ðv.€Schimpfóó,€782€S.W.2d€186,€196€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1989),€for€the€propositionÐ 02Ð(* Ðthat€ð ða€child,€even€though€legally€incapable€of€consenting€to€a€crime,€mayÏâ ânevertheless€be€an€accomplice,€thus€necessitating€corroboration€of€hisÐ 6°,. Ðtestimony.ðð€€Appellant€urges€this€Court€to€extend€this€ð ðvictim„accompliceðð׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú7Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€rule€toÐ `  Ðâ âthis€case€so€that€we€should€find€that€the€victim,€notwithstanding€his€inability€toÏappreciate€the€nature€of€his€conduct,€was€a€willing€participant€and,€thus,€anÏaccomplice€to€any€sexual€activity.€€This€we€decline€to€do.Ìà ` àFirst,€the€proposition€in€òòSchimpfóó€was€effectively€overturned€in€1991€with€theÐ  À Ðenactment€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„17„121,€which€provides:ÌÓÓà8 ` à[i]f€the€alleged€victim€of€a€sexual€penetration€or€sexual€contact€withinÏthe€meaning€of€ðð€39-13-501€is€less€than€thirteen€(13)€years€of€age,Ïsuch€victim€shall,€regardless€of€consent,€not€be€considered€to€be€anÏaccomplice€to€such€sexual€penetration€or€sexual€contact,€and€noÏcorroboration€of€such€alleged€victim's€testimony€shall€be€required€toÏsecure€a€conviction€if€corroboration€is€necessary€solely€because€theÏalleged€victim€consented.Ð ` ü!` ü! ÐÌÓÓà ` àSecondly,€an€ð ðaccompliceðð€is€one€who€ð ðknowingly,€voluntarily,€and€withÏcommon€intent€unites€with€the€principal€offender€in€the€commission€of€a€crime.ðð€ÏòòState€v.€Robinsonóó,€971€S.W.2d€30,€42€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997).€€A€ð ðmentallyÐ   @ Ðdefectiveðð€person€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„501(3)€is€one€who€ð ðsuffersÏfrom€a€mental€disease€or€defect€which€renders€that€person€temporarily€orÏpermanently€incapable€of€appraising€the€nature€of€his€conduct.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ïðð€39„13„501(3).€€It€would€be€absurd€to€find€a€that€person€who€is€ð ðincapable€ofÏappraising€the€nature€of€his€conductðð€could€ð ðknowingly,€voluntarily,€and€withÏcommon€intentðð€participate€in€a€criminal€offense€with€the€principal€offender.€€ByÏits€very€definition,€a€ð ðmentally€defectiveðð€person€is€incapable€of€consenting€toÏthese€sexual€acts.Ìà ` àMoreover,€the€evidence€presented€in€this€case€does€not€support€theÏallegation€that€the€victim€€was€a€willing€participant€to€the€sexual€activity.€€D.Q.Ð 4 *, Ðtestified€that€he€acquiesced€only€because€Appellant€was€his€boss,€and€he€hadÏbeen€directed€to€do€whatever€the€boss€told€him€to€do.€€D.Q.€was€not€anÏð ðaccompliceðð€to€these€acts;€therefore,€no€corroboration€was€required.Ìà ` àThis€issue€has€no€merit.Ìà@ÂÂ*®àò òD.€€Venueó óˆÐ  À Ðà ` àAppellant€further€claims€that€the€state€failed€to€present€sufficient€proof€thatÏthe€offenses€occurred€in€Wayne€County.€€The€state€concedes€that€venue€was€notÏestablished€as€to€Count€One€of€the€indictment,€but€argues€that€sufficient€evidenceÏwas€presented€that€Count€Two€occurred€in€Wayne€County.€€We€agree.Ìà ` àArticle€I,€ðð€9€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution€provides,€ð ðin€all€criminalÏprosecutions,€the€accused€hath€the€right€to.€.€.€a€speedy€public€trial,€by€anÏimpartial€jury€of€the€County€in€which€the€crime€shall€have€been€committed.€.€.€.ðð€ÏòòSee€alsoóó€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€8(a)€(ð ðExcept€as€otherwise€provided€by€statute€or€byÐ ° P Ðthese€rules,€offenses€shall€be€prosecuted€in€the€county€where€the€offense€wasÏcommitted.ðð).€€Venue€is€a€jurisdictional€fact€and€not€an€element€of€the€chargedÏoffense.€€òòState€v.€Bloodsawóó,€746€S.W.2d€722,€723„24€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).Ð €&  ÐThe€prosecution€must€satisfy€its€burden€of€proving€that€the€offense€wasÏcommitted€in€the€county€alleged€in€the€indictment.€€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€926€S.W.2dÐ `*!" Ð267,€269€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€In€a€criminal€case,€venue€must€be€proved€byÏa€preponderance€of€the€evidence.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„201(e);€òòState€v.Ð @.à$& ÐMarburyóó,€908€S.W.2d€405,€407€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995);€òòState€v.€Davisóó,€872Ð 00Ð&( ÐS.W.2d€950,€952€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€This€evidence€may€be€either€direct,Ïcircumstantial,€or€both.€€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€926€S.W.2d€at€269.Ð 4°*, Ðà ` àAt€trial,€D.Q.€could€not€recall€the€specific€location€of€the€first€incident.€€€HeÏstated€only€that€he€and€Appellant€were€traveling€toward€Hohenwald€at€the€timeÏof€the€first€sexual€incident.€€Because€they€were€traveling€from€Waynesboro€toÐ à9€02 ÐHohenwald€during€the€incident,€D.Q.€and€Appellant€might€have€crossed€theÏcounty€line.€€Thus,€the€prosecution€failed€to€establish€venue€regarding€this€firstÏincident.€€Therefore,€Appellantððs€conviction€as€to€Count€One€must€be€reversed.Ìà ` àHowever,€D.Q.€stated€that€the€second€instance€of€sexual€contact€occurredÏwhile€returning€from€Hohenwald.€€He€testified€that€they€were€in€Waynesboro,€nearÏa€service€station€and€a€cafe.€€€D.Q.€also€testified€that€Waynesboro€is€in€WayneÏCounty.€Only€slight€evidence€is€needed€to€satisfy€the€prosecution's€burden€ofÏproving€venue€so€long€as€that€evidence€is€uncontradicted.€€òòState€v.€Bloodsawóó,Ð ð  Ð746€S.W.2dñNñ€ñNññPññOñañOññPññQñ€atñQñ€724.€€The€victimððs€testimony€that€the€second€incident€occurred€inÏWayne€County€is€uncontradicted.€€Accordingly,€the€state€sufficiently€establishedÏvenue€with€regard€to€Count€Two.ÌÌà@áá&®àò òòòIMPROPER€ARGUMENTó óóóˆÐ   @ ÐÌà ` àAppellant€next€contends€that€the€state€made€improper€remarks€during€itsÏclosing€argument.€€Firstly,€Appellant€complains€that€because€Griffin€was€unableÏto€testify,€the€prosecution€improperly€argued€that€Larry€Griffin€was€present€in€theÏvehicle€with€Appellant€and€the€victim.€€Secondly,€he€argues€that€the€stateÏcompounded€this€error€by€implying€that€Griffinððs€testimony€would€have€bolsteredÏD.Q.ððs€testimony€had€Griffin€testified.Ìà ` àThe€portion€of€closing€argument€complained€of€by€Appellant€reads€asÏfollows:ÓÓÌÌà8 ` àà ¸ àIf€youððre€going€to€have€a€witness,€itððs€usually€somebody€whoÏis€incapable€of€coming€forward€and€corroborating.€€Too€youngÏgenerally€would€be€the€case€to€document€and€corroborate€whatððsÏgoing€on.Ð ` ü!` ü! ÐÌà8 ` àà ¸ àAnd€isnððt€that€what€we€have€in€this€case?€€Of€all€the€peopleÏthat€could€have€been€victimized€by€Jeff€Pitts€and€could€have€beenÐ à9€02 Ða€witness€to€these€illicit€relations€would€be€Mr.€Griffin.€€Youððve€beenÏable€to€observe€that€he„„Well,€you've€observed€what€you€observedÏfrom€him€and€Iððll€leave€it€there.Ð ` ü!` ü! Ðò òÌÓÓó óÌà ` àð ðTrial€courts€have€substantial€discretionary€authority€in€determining€theÏpropriety€of€final€argument.€€Although€counsel€is€generally€given€wide€latitude,Ïcourts€must€restrict€any€improper€commentary.ðð€€òòCoker€v.€Stateóó,€911€S.W.2d€357,Ð ¸  Ð368€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995)€(citing€òòSparks€v.€Stateóó,€563€S.W.2d€564€(Tenn.Ð ¨  ÐCrim.€App.€1978)).€€The€broad€discretion€accorded€to€trial€courts€in€controlling€theÏargument€of€counsel€ð ðwill€not€be€reviewed€absent€abuse€of€that€discretion.ðð€€òòSmithÐ èˆ Ðv.€Stateóó,€527€S.W.2d€737,€739€(Tenn.€1975);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Paytonóó,€782Ð Øx ÐS.W.2d€490,€496€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1989).€€The€bounds€of€proper€closingÏargument€are€delineated€by€the€facts€in€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Pulliamóó,€950€S.W.2dÐ ¸X Ð360,€368€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€Conversely,€facts€not€in€evidence€may€not€beÏthe€subject€of€comment€by€counsel€during€closing€argument.€€òòState€v.€Mackeyóó,Ð ˜"8 Ð638€S.W.2d€830,€836€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1982).Ìà ` àAppellant€has€waived€his€right€to€raise€this€issue€on€appeal€due€to€hisÏfailure€to€contemporaneously€object€to€the€prosecutionððs€allegedly€improperÏremarks€at€trial.€€òòState€v.€Greenóó,€947€S.W.2d€186,€188€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997);Ð X*ø " ÐòòState€v.€Seayóó,€945€S.W.2d€755,€762€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996);€òòState€v.€Littleóó,€854Ð H,è"$ ÐS.W.2d€643,€651€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1992);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(a).€€Moreover,ÏAppellant€did€not€make€proper€citations€to€the€record€to€such€erroneousÏargument.€€ð ðIssues€which€are€not€supported€by€argument,€citation€to€authorities,Ïor€appropriate€references€to€the€record€will€be€treated€as€waived€in€this€court.ðð€ÏTennessee€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals€Rule€10(b).Ìà ` àIn€any€event,€we€do€not€view€the€prosecutionððs€argument€as€erroneous.€€ÏThe€victim€testified€that€Larry€Griffin€was€present€during€the€second€instance€ofÐ Ø9x02 Ðsexual€abuse.€€Furthermore,€the€state€presented€documentation€that€Griffin€wasÏpossibly€traveling€with€the€victim€on€June€30,€the€date€of€the€second€sexualÏassault.€€Although€Griffin€was€not€able€to€testify,€the€jury€observed€the€trial€courtÏand€counsel€attempting€to€administer€the€oath.€€The€stateððs€argument€was€basedÏupon€evidence€that€had€been€presented€to€the€jury.€€Furthermore,€Appellant€hasÏnot€established€how€the€alleged€improper€argument€affected€the€juryððs€verdict.€Ð °  ÐòòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Pulliamóó,€950€S.W.2d€360,€367€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).Ð    Ðà ` àThis€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà@Ì Ì ®àò òòòLESSER€INCLUDED€OFFENSE€OF€ASSAULTóóó óˆÐ Ðp ÐÌà ` àAppellant€next€complains€that€he€was€denied€his€constitutional€right€to€trialÏby€jury€as€a€result€of€the€trial€court's€failure€to€instruct€the€jury€on€assault€as€aÏlesser€included€offense€of€sexual€battery.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú8Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€We€disagree.Ð  "@ Ðà ` àInitially,€we€must€note€that€Appellant€failed€to€include€this€issue€in€hisÏmotion€for€new€trial.€€Therefore,€the€issue€is€waived.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(e);€òòStateÐ €&  Ðv.€Maddoxóó,€957€S.W.2d€547,€553€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997);€òòState€v.€Spadafinaóó,Ð p(  Ð952€S.W.2d€444,€451€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).Ìà ` àNevertheless,€we€will€address€the€merits€of€this€argument€briefly.€€TheÏaccused€in€a€criminal€prosecution€has€a€€right€to€a€correct€and€complete€chargeÏof€the€law€applicable€to€the€case.€€òòState€v.€Phippsóó,€883€S.W.2d€138,€142€(Tenn.Ð 00Ð&( ÐCrim.€App.€1994);€òòState€v.€Wrightóó,€618€S.W.2d€310,€315€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1981).€Ð  2À(* ÐThe€trial€courtððs€failure€to€instruct€the€jury€on€any€lesser€included€offenses€raisedÏby€the€evidence€denies€a€defendant€his€constitutional€right€to€trial€by€jury.€€òòStateÐ 6 ,. Ðv.€Wrightóó,€618€S.W.2d€at€315€(citing€òòState€v.€Staggsóó,€554€S.W.2d€620,€626€(Tenn.Ð `  Ð1977)).Ìà ` àTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„18„110€provides€in€part:ÓÓÌÌà8 ` à(a)€It€is€the€duty€of€all€judges€charging€juries€in€cases€of€criminalÏprosecutions€for€any€felony€wherein€two€(2)€or€more€grades€orÏclasses€of€offense€may€be€included€in€the€indictment,€to€charge€theÏjury€as€to€all€of€the€law€of€each€offense€included€in€the€indictment,Ïwithout€any€request€on€the€part€of€the€defendant€to€do€so.Ð ` ü!` ü! ÐÌÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„18„110(a);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€889€S.W.2d€at€230.Ð    Ðà ` àTennessee€case€law€is€clear€that€a€defendant€is€entitled€to€a€jury€instructionÏð ðon€all€lesser€included€offenses€where€ððany€facts.€.€.€are€susceptible€of€inferringÏguilt€of€any€lesser€included€offense.ðððð€€òòState€v.€Trustyóó,€919€S.W.2d€305,€310Ð Ðp Ð(Tenn.€1996)€(quoting€òòState€v.€Wrightóó,€618€S.W.2d€at€315.).Ð À` Ðà ` àAt€trial,€Appellant€denied€being€alone€in€the€truck€with€D.Q.€on€the€days€inÏquestion.€€Appellant€completely€denied€having€any€physical€contact€whatsoeverÏwith€the€victim.€€The€extent€of€the€touching€was€not€an€issue€at€trial.€€ð ðWhen€thereÏis€no€evidence€to€support€a€lesser€included€offense€so€that€the€accused€can€beÏguilty€only€of€the€greater€offense€or€no€offense€at€all,€it€is€not€error€to€refuse€toÏinstruct€the€lesser€included€offenses.ðð€€òòState€v.€Barkeróó,€642€S.W.2d€735,€738Ð `(  Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1982);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Larry€Fieldsóó,€C.C.A.€No.€11€(Tenn.Ð P*ð " ÐCrim.€App.€filed€March€20,€1991,€at€Jackson),€òòperm.€to€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€JulyÐ @,à"$ Ð1,€1991);€òòState€v.€David€H.€Owenóó,€C.C.A.€No.€1209€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€filed€MayÐ 0.Ð$& Ð26,€1989,€at€Knoxville),€òòperm.€to€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€October€2,€1989).€€BecauseÐ  0À&( Ðthe€evidence€supported€either€a€finding€that€Appellant€was€guilty€of€sexual€batteryÏor€nothing€at€all,€an€instruction€on€assault€was€not€warranted€under€the€facts€ofÏthis€case.Ìà ` àThis€issue€has€no€merit.ÌÐ Ð9p02 Ðà@êê)®àò òòòSENTENCINGóóó óˆÐ `  ÐÌà ` àIn€his€final€issue,€Appellant€complains€that€his€sentence€is€excessive.€ÏSpecifically,€he€alleges€that€the€trial€court€misapplied€certain€enhancementÏfactors.€€Additionally,€he€argues€that€he€was€erroneously€denied€alternativeÏsentencing.€€Finally,€he€claims€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€imposing€consecutiveÏsentences.Ìà@==$®àò òA.€Standard€of€Reviewó óˆÐ    Ðà ` àWhen€an€appellant€challenges€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€service€ofÏa€sentence,€this€Court€conducts€a€òòde€novoóó€review€with€a€presumption€that€theÐ ð Ðdetermination€of€the€trial€court€was€correct.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€ÏHowever,€this€presumption€of€correctness€is€ð ðconditioned€upon€the€affirmativeÏshowing€that€the€trial€court€in€the€record€considered€the€sentencing€principles€andÏall€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.ðð€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169Ð °"P Ð(Tenn.€1991).€€In€the€event€that€the€record€fails€to€demonstrate€suchÏconsideration,€review€of€the€sentence€is€purely€òòde€novoóó.€€òòId.óó€€If€appellate€reviewÐ &0 Ðreflects€that€the€trial€court€properly€considered€all€relevant€factors€and€its€findingsÏof€fact€are€adequately€supported€by€the€record,€this€Court€must€affirm€theÏsentence.€€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785,€789€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€InÐ `,#$ Ðconducting€a€review,€this€Court€must€consider€the€evidence,€the€presentenceÏreport,€the€sentencing€principles,€the€arguments€of€counsel,€the€nature€andÏcharacter€of€the€offense,€mitigating€and€enhancement€factors,€any€statementsÏmade€by€the€defendant,€and€the€potential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€òòState€v.Ð  4À*, ÐHollandóó,€860€S.W.2d€53,€60€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€The€defendant€bears€theÐ 6°,. Ðburden€of€showing€the€impropriety€of€the€sentence€imposed.€€òòState€v.€Gregoryóó,Ð 8 .0 Ð862€S.W.2d€574,€578€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).Ð ð902 Їà@ŸŸ®àò òB.€€Length€and€Manner€of€Sentenceó óˆÐ `  Ðà ` àAppellant€challenges€the€trial€courtððs€finding€of€enhancement€factors€andÏfurther€challenges€the€courtððs€decision€to€deny€alternative€sentencing.Ìà@TT-®àò ò1.ó óˆÐ @à Ðà ` àAppellant€was€convicted€of€sexual€battery,€a€Class€E€felony.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€39„13„505(b)€(1991).€€As€a€Range€I€standard€offender€convicted€of€a€ClassÏE€felony,€Appellantððs€statutory€sentencing€range€was€one€to€two€years.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„112(a)(5).€€The€trial€court€found€that€the€followingÏenhancement€factors€should€apply:€(1)€the€victim€of€the€offense€was€ð ðparticularlyÏvulnerable€because€of€age€or€physical€or€mental€disability,ðð€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40„35„114(4);€and€(2)€the€ð ðoffense€involved€a€victim€and€was€committed€to€gratifyÏthe€defendant's€desire€for€pleasure€or€excitement,ðð€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„¼114(7).€€In€mitigation,€the€trial€court€applied€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(13)€inÏlight€of€Appellantððs€regular€employment,€meeting€his€father's€health€care€needs,Ïand€making€current€child€support€payments.€€The€trial€court€imposed€a€sentenceÏof€one€(1)€year,€the€minimum€within€the€range,€for€each€conviction.€€The€trial€courtÏfurther€denied€alternative€sentencing€in€an€effort€to€avoid€depreciating€theÏseriousness€of€the€offense.Ìà@TT-®àò ò2.ó óˆÐ `,#$ Ðà ` àAppellant€claims€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€applying€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð40„¼35„114(4)€and€(7)€as€both€enhancement€factors€are€elements€of€the€offense€ofÏsexual€battery.€€The€state€concedes€that€these€factors€were€misapplied,€and€weÏagree.€€However,€because€the€trial€court€sentenced€Appellant€to€the€minimumÏsentence€within€the€range,€he€is€not€entitled€to€a€reduction€in€his€sentence.׃!×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú9Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð  6À,. Ðà@TT-®àò ò3.ó óˆÐ `  Ðà ` àAppellant€further€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€alternativeÏsentencing.€€An€especially€mitigated€or€standard€offender€convicted€of€a€Class€C,ÏD€or€E€felony€is€presumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencingÏin€the€absence€of€evidence€to€the€contrary.€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-102(6).€€AÏtrial€court€must€presume€that€a€defendant€sentenced€to€eight€(8)€years€or€less€andÏwho€is€not€an€offender€for€whom€incarceration€is€a€priority€is€subject€to€alternativeÏsentencing.€€òòState€v.€Byrdóó,€861€S.W.2d€377,€379-380€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€Ð    ÐIt€is€further€presumed€that€a€sentence€other€than€incarceration€would€result€inÏsuccessful€rehabilitation€unless€rebutted€by€sufficient€evidence€in€the€record.€€òòId.óóÐ à€ Ðat€380.€€€However,€although€a€defendant€may€be€presumed€to€be€a€favorableÏcandidate€for€alternative€sentencing,€the€defendant€has€the€burden€of€establishingÏsuitability€for€total€probation.€€òòState€v.€Boggsóó,€932€S.W.2d€467,€477€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ° P ÐApp.€1996);€òòsee€óóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-303(b).€€Even€though€probation€mustÐ  "@ Ðbe€automatically€considered,€ð ðthe€defendant€is€not€automatically€entitled€toÏprobation€as€a€matter€of€law.ðð€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-303(b)€SentencingÏCommission€Comments;€òòState€v.€Hartleyóó,€818€S.W.2d€370,€373€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð p(  ÐApp.€1991).Ìà ` àIn€determining€whether€to€grant€or€deny€probation,€a€trial€court€shouldÏconsider€the€circumstances€of€the€offense,€the€defendantððs€criminal€record,€theÏdefendantððs€social€history€and€present€condition,€the€need€for€deterrence,€and€theÏbest€interest€of€the€defendant€and€the€public.€€òòState€v.€Grearóó,€568€S.W.2d€285,Ð  2À(* Ð286€(Tenn.€1978);€òòState€v.€Boydóó,€925€S.W.2d€237,€244€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995);Ð 4°*, ÐòòState€v.€Blackóó,€924€S.W.2d€912,€917€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€The€defendantððsÐ 6 ,. Ðlack€of€credibility€is€also€an€appropriate€consideration€and€reflects€on€aÏdefendantððs€potential€for€rehabilitation.€€òòState€v.€Zeoliaóó,€928€S.W.2d€457,€463Ð P ð Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).Ìà ` àAs€Appellant€€was€convicted€of€a€Class€E€felony,€he€is€entitled€to€theÏpresumption€in€favor€of€alternative€sentencing.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(6).€ÏHowever,€Appellant€is€not€eligible€for€community€corrections€because€he€wasÏconvicted€of€committing€sexual€battery,€a€crime€against€the€person.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„36„106(a)(2).Ìà ` àAt€the€time€of€sentencing,€Appellant€had€no€prior€criminal€record.€€HeÏtestified€at€his€sentencing€hearing€that€if€the€court€placed€him€on€probation,€heÏwould€be€willing€to€comply€with€the€terms€of€his€probation,€including€attendingÏcounseling.Ìà ` àThis€Court€has€previously€held€that€the€fact€that€the€convicted€crime€is€aÏcrime€of€violence€can€be€a€factor€which€would€weigh€against€probation.€€òòState€v.Ð "0 ÐGennoeóó,€851€S.W.2d€833,€837€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€€òòperm.€to€app.€denied€óó(Tenn.Ð €$  Ð1992).€€Furthermore,€a€breach€of€trust€can€also€be€a€basis€for€denying€probation.€ÏòòId.óóÐ `(  Ðà ` àThis€Court€concludes€that€the€trial€court€did€not€err€in€denying€probation.€ÏThe€circumstances€of€the€offense€were€such€that€Appellant,€as€the€victimððsÏsupervisor,€pursued€the€victim€for€sexual€relations.€€The€victim€had€beenÏinstructed€to€obey€his€supervisors€and€ultimately€acquiesced€in€the€sexual€activityÏas€a€result.€€The€proof€demonstrated€that€the€victim€was€severely€mentallyÏhandicapped,€as€noted€by€the€trial€court€in€sentencing.€€Notwithstanding€theÏpresumption€in€favor€of€alternative€sentencing,€the€circumstances€of€the€offenseÏalong€with€the€patent€breach€of€trust€support€the€trial€courtððs€conclusion€thatÏprobation€was€not€warranted€in€this€case.Ð Ð9p02 Ðà ` àThis€issue€is€without€merit.Ìà@""!®àò òC.€€Consecutive€Sentencingó óˆÐ P ð Ðà ` àFinally,€Appellant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€imposingÏconsecutive€sentences€for€his€convictions.€€However,€because€we€must€reverseÏAppellantððs€conviction€for€sexual€battery€in€Count€One€due€to€the€stateððs€failureÏto€establish€venue,€this€issue€is€moot.ÌÌà@ØØ)®àò òòòCONCLUSIONó óóóˆÐ    ÐÌà ` àWe€find€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€establish€that€the€offense€ofÏsexual€battery€in€Count€One€occurred€in€Wayne€County;€therefore,€AppellantððsÏconviction€in€Count€One€is€reversed.€€However,€because€we€conclude€that€noÏother€reversible€error€exists€in€the€record,€we€affirm€the€trial€courtððs€judgment€withÏrespect€to€Count€Two.ñLñÔ#†Š’cŠŠ ŠŃ #ÔñLññIññ?ñÔ#†Š’cŠ XX³½#Ôñ?ññIñÌÌÓ  ÓÓÓà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à____________________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGEÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGE