ÿWPCK& …U:V %U.– 0CÄ 0J 0TQ 0^¥ 0h 0rk 0|Ý 0†Y 0ß 1uo 0dä H nXX 04° ä 0xì w@d4¤B)¸DCá AM$äqÔUÔ) BýÔÑî迪§UQ3¦ÔÙÔ­ËÒLÄv~âvÓ` 0@3$ D3s$ AO¦$Æõ$ 0D»% D/ÿ% B.&<þ6X9`("Courier NewTTX%ä2¼A`ArialTT(ÿÿ$òòÚ  ÚÚ  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô  ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ#|X•«<þ6X9`("Courier NewTTXXxþ6X@ÉQX@%ä2¼A`ArialTTTTXXXä2¼P±QXP( ¤T$¡¡Ó  Ó(((3ßé$¤¤Ý ƒ¤T!ÝÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó ƒ„D…Ge†U‡ˆ‰DŠD‹+eŒÓ€Ô¡¨ ddd\% Line 7 d7Border 1dd€NCþÿ << Gÿÿ ÚÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€XÔÌÌSeptember€19,€1996ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó ÊÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(1).Ì ÊÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(2).Ì d ÊÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(b)(4).Ì ÇÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d).Ì ÞÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóòòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€Ì  Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóòòState€v.€Butleróó,€900€S.W.2d€305,€311€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994);€€òòState€v.€Smithóó,Ï891€S.W.2d€922,€929€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1994);€€òòState€v.ÏBonestelóó,€871€S.W.2d€163,€166€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€Ì KÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóòòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„103€and€„210;€€òòState€v.€Scottóó,€735€S.W.2d€825,Ï829€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1987).Ì )Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóSentencing€Commission€Comments€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401;€€òòAshbyóó,Ï823€S.W.2d€at€169;€€òòButleróó,€900€S.W.2d€at€311.Ì ÊÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(2).Ì ÊÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(4).Ì ÁÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  Úóó905€S.W.2d€933€(Tenn.€1995).Ì ÈÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóòòWilkersonóó,€905€S.W.2d€at€937.Ì ºÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÒ  ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  Úóó905€S.W.2d€at€937„38.ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  BA Op Geneva ÒÒ  BA Op Geneva Ò("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò$$$$'ÿÿdxd€N‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÙ€€ÙÓ  ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€Ô›œßL€ !;+'h|` ç `€€Lß›IN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAT€NASHVILLEÌÌAPRIL€1996€SESSIONÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà à€€APPELLEE,à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àNo.€01„C„01„9508„CR„00276Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àDavidson€CountyÌv.à àà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àJames€R.€Everett,€Jr.,€JudgeÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)à à(Sentencing)ÌTIMOTHY€R.€POWELL,à àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àAPPELLANT.à àà à)ÌÌÌÌFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à àà àà àà àà àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:ÌÌThomas€D.€Steeleà àà àà àà àà àà àCharles€W.€BursonÌAttorney€at€Lawà àà àà àà àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌ211€Union€Streetà àà àà àà àà àà à500€Charlotte€AvenueÌNashville,€TN€37201à àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0497ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àCharlotte€H.€RappuhnÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àVictor€S.€Johnson,€IIIÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà à222€Second€Avenue,€Suite€500Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37201„1649ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àRonald€E.€MillerÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€AttorneyÏGeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà à222€Second€Avenue,€Suite€500Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37201„1649ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àBernard€F.€McEvoyÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€AttorneyÏGeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà à222€Second€Avenue,€Suite€500Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37201„1649ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:_____________________________ÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌJoe€B.€Jones,€Presiding€JudgeÌÑ7€ŸXXXdæXXdÖ7ÑÌÓ  Óò òO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó óÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€appellant,€Timothy€R.€Powell,€was€found€guilty€of€vehicular€homicide€byÏintoxication,€a€Class€C€felony,€and€reckless€endangerment,€a€Class€E€felony,€by€a€juryÏof€his€peers.€€The€trial€court,€finding€that€the€appellant€was€a€standard€offender,Ïimposed€a€Range€I€sentence€consisting€of€confinement€for€six€(6)€years€in€theÏDepartment€of€Correction€for€vehicular€homicide€and€confinement€for€two€(2)€years€inÏthe€Department€of€Correction€for€reckless€endangerment.€€The€two€sentences€are€to€beÏserved€consecutively.€€The€effective€sentence€imposed€is€eight€(8)€years.€€In€this€Court,Ïthe€appellant€contends€that€the€trial€court€committed€error€of€prejudicial€dimensions€byÏordering€the€two€sentences€to€be€served€consecutively.€€After€a€thorough€review€of€theÏrecord,€the€briefs€submitted€by€the€parties,€and€the€law€that€controls€the€issueÏpresented€for€review,€it€is€the€opinion€of€this€Court€that€the€judgment€of€the€trial€courtÏshould€be€affirmed.Ìà àOn€November€6,€1993,€at€approximately€2:30€a.m.,€Mindi€Adams€was€travellingÏeast€on€Interstate€40€east€of€Nashville.€€She€reached€a€speed€of€80€mph.€€Ms.€AdamsÏnoticed€a€vehicle€that€was€also€travelling€eastbound,€but€the€vehicle€was€in€theÏwestbound€lanes.€€The€vehicle€passed€Ms.€Adams€as€if€she€were€sitting€still.€€She€sawÏthe€vehicle€collide€with€a€vehicle€being€driven€by€Lynette€Reed,€who€was€travellingÏwest€in€the€westbound€lanes.€€Ms.€Reed€expired€at€the€scene€of€the€crash.€€The€causeÏof€her€death€was€multiple€injuries€sustained€as€a€result€of€the€impact€between€the€twoÏvehicles.Ìà àThe€ensuing€investigation€revealed€the€appellant€was€driving€the€vehicle€thatÏcollided€with€the€Reed€vehicle.€€The€right€front€of€the€appellantððs€vehicle€struck€the€rightÏfront€of€the€Reed€vehicle.€€The€appellant's€vehicle€maintained€contact€with€the€ReedÏvehicle€along€the€passenger€side€of€her€vehicle.€€Both€vehicles€were€destroyedÏbeyond€recognition.€€It€is€evident€from€viewing€the€photographs€that€one€of€the€vehiclesÏwas€travelling€at€an€excessive€rate€of€speed.€€Ìà àThere€was€a€strong€odor€of€an€intoxicating€beverage€inside€the€appellant'sÏvehicle.€€When€an€officer€was€near€the€appellant€at€the€hospital,€he€detected€a€strongÏodor€of€an€intoxicating€beverage€on€the€appellant's€breath.€€A€blood€alcohol€analysis€ofÏthe€appellant's€blood€sample€revealed€an€ethyl€alcohol€content€of€.24%.€€à àÌà àThe€appellant€was€35€years€of€age€when€he€was€sentenced.€€He€was€arrestedÏtwice€in€Nashville,€once€in€South€Carolina,€and€once€in€North€Carolina€for€drivingÏwhile€under€the€influence.€€He€admitted€that€he€was€guilty€of€all€four€offenses.€€He€alsoÏhad€convictions€for€simple€possession€of€marijuana€and€shoplifting.€€€€He€admitted€thatÏhe€began€driving€while€under€the€influence€when€he€was€18€years€of€age,€and€that€heÍhad€been€engaged€in€this€conduct€for€"a€long€time."€€The€evidence€revealed€that€heÏhas€driven€a€vehicle€while€under€the€influence€approximately€100€times€during€his€life.ÏHe€has€driven€a€vehicle€after€the€consumption€of€a€case€of€beer.Ìà àThe€alcohol€addiction€caused€the€appellant€to€engage€in€barroom€brawls.€€OnÏone€occasion€he€stabbed€a€man.€€He€denied€starting€the€brawls.€€He€stated€he€had€theÏtype€of€face€that€caused€people€to€"pick€on"€him.Ìà àAlcohol€was€not€the€appellant's€only€addiction.€€He€candidly€testified€he€hadÏbeen€"drinking€and€drugging"€for€approximately€twenty„one€years.€€When€asked€whatÏdrug€or€drugs€he€had€used,€the€appellant€stated€he€had€used€ð ðjust€about€everything."€ÏWhen€he€was€released€from€the€hospital€after€treatment€of€the€injuries€sustained€in€theÏcollision,€he€quit€drinking€alcoholic€beverages.€However,€he€became€addicted€toÏcocaine.€€His€addiction€escalated€to€$200€worth€of€cocaine€per€day.€€He€admitted€heÏingested€cocaine€in€his€home,€and€he€drove€while€under€the€influence€of€cocaine€"veryÏfew€times."Ìà àThe€appellant€refused€to€talk€to€the€presentence€officer€on€two€separateÏoccasions.€€He€testified€he€did€not€know€who€the€presentence€officer€was€and€told€theÏofficer€to€contact€his€attorney.€€As€a€result,€there€is€very€little€personal€informationÏcontained€in€the€report.Ìà àThe€trial€court€found€that€the€appellant€was€a€professional€criminal,× ƒ" ××  ×€his€recordÍof€criminal€activity€was€extensive,× ƒ# ××  ×€and€he€was€a€dangerous€offender.× ƒ% ××  ×€€The€evidenceÏcontained€in€the€record€does€not€support€the€trial€court's€finding€that€the€appellant€wasÏa€professional€criminal.€€However,€the€record€is€replete€with€evidence€that€theÏappellant€has€a€record€of€extensive€criminal€activity€and€he€is€a€dangerous€offender.Ìà àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€manner€in€which€he€is€required€to€serveÏsentences,€it€is€the€duty€of€this€Court€to€conduct€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€on€the€record€with€aÏpresumption€that€"the€determinations€made€by€the€court€from€which€the€appeal€is€takenÏare€correct."× ƒ& ××  ×€€This€presumption€is€"conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€theÏrecord€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€factsÏand€circumstances."× ƒ' ××  ×€€The€presumption€does€not€apply€to€the€legal€conclusionsÏreached€by€the€trial€court€in€sentencing€the€accused€or€to€the€determinations€made€byÏthe€trial€court€which€are€predicated€upon€uncontroverted€facts.× ƒ( ××  ×€€€However,€this€Court€isÏrequired€to€give€great€weight€to€the€trial€court's€determination€of€controverted€facts€asÏthe€trial€court's€determination€is€based€upon€the€witnesses'€demeanor,€appearance,Ïand€vocal€inflection.Ìà àIn€conducting€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€of€a€sentence,€this€Court€must€consider€(a)€anyÏevidence€received€at€the€trial€and/or€sentencing€hearing,€(b)€the€presentence€report,Ï(c)€the€principles€of€sentencing,€(d)€the€arguments€of€counsel€relative€to€sentencingÏalternatives,€(e)€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€the€offense,€(f)€any€mitigating€orÏenhancing€factors,€(g)€any€statements€made€by€the€accused€in€his€own€behalf,€and€(h)Ïthe€accused's€potential€or€lack€of€potential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.× ƒ) ××  ×€€Ìà àThe€party€challenging€the€sentences€imposed€by€the€trial€court€has€the€burdenÏof€establishing€that€the€sentences€imposed€by€the€trial€court€were€erroneous.× ƒ* ××  ×€€In€thisÏcase,€the€appellant€has€the€burden€of€establishing€that€the€consecutive€sentencesÏwere€erroneous€in€the€context€of€this€case.Ìà àThe€appellant's€consumption€of€illicit€narcotics,€his€prior€convictions,€and€hisÏadmission€that€he€has€driven€a€motor€vehicle€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€onÏapproximately€100€occasions,€under€the€influence€of€cocaine€on€a€few€occasions,€areÏsufficient€to€justify€consecutive€sentencing.€€In€short,€the€appellant's€"record€of€criminalÏactivity€is€extensive."× ƒ+ ××  ×Ìà àThe€record€also€establishes€that€the€appellant€is€"a€dangerous€offender€whoseÏbehavior€indicates€little€or€no€regard€for€human€life,€and€no€hesitation€about€committingÍa€crime€in€which€the€risk€to€human€life€is€high."× ƒ, ××  ×€€This€case€is€controlled€by€theÏSupreme€Court's€decision€in€òòState€v.€Wilkersonóó.× ƒ- ××  ×Ìà àIn€òòWilkersonóó,€the€appellant€drove€his€motor€vehicle€"in€the€wrong€direction€on€aÏheavily€travelled€divided€highway€while€intoxicated."× ƒ. ××  ×€€A€collision€ensued€and€aÏperson€was€killed.€€The€appellant€was€convicted€of€two€counts€of€vehicular€homicide.€ÏIn€finding€that€Wilkerson€was€a€dangerous€offender€within€the€meaning€of€the€statute,Ïthe€Supreme€Court€said:ÌÒ ¸ ÒÒ  ÒÓÓÌThe€defendant's€conduct€in€this€case€demonstrated€anÏindifference€to€the€high€probability€of€calamitousÏconsequences€to€himself€and€the€motorists€whom€he€wasÏcertain€to€encounter€as€he€drove€in€the€wrong€direction€on€aÏheavily€travelled€divided€highway€while€intoxicated.€€HeÏcreated€a€high€risk€of€death€or€serious€bodily€injury€to€everyÏmotorist€on€that€road.€€Death€or€serious€bodily€injury€wasÏalmost€inevitable.€€His€conduct€clearly€satisfies€the€conditionÏstated€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(4)€and€definesÏthe€defendant€as€a€dangerous€offender.× ƒ/ ××  ×ÌÌÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓà àThis€Court€finds€that€consecutive€sentencing€is€warranted€to€protect€the€publicÏfrom€the€appellant's€future€criminal€conduct.€€It€is€obvious€the€appellant€has€no€respectÏfor€the€law€or€his€fellow€man.€€He€has€driven€a€vehicle€while€under€the€influence€ofÏalcohol€and€illicit€narcotics€with€impunity.€€He€never€sought€assistance€for€hisÍaddiction.€€If€the€appellant€is€released,€there€is€every€indication€that€he€will€revert€toÏdrinking€alcoholic€beverages,€ingesting€illicit€narcotics,€and€operating€a€motor€vehicleÏwhile€under€the€influence€of€either€alcohol€or€drugs.€€This€conduct€may€result€in€theÏloss€of€another€innocent€life€or€an€entire€family.ÌÌÌÓÓÌà àà àà àà àà à_____________________________________________Ì€€€€€à àà àà àà àà àà à€JOE€B.€JONES,€PRESIDING€JUDGEÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ______________________________________Ìà à€€€€JOHN€H.€PEAY,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌ______________________________________Ìà à€€DAVID€G.€HAYES,€JUDGEÌÌ