ÿWPC“ …UBV %˜U.žÌnXÜ 0P4 4„ 0”˜ 0D, p p 0Jx w 0TÒ 0^& 0h„ 0rì 0|^ 0†Ú 0` 1uð U,e 0d‘ Bõ D3U,E 0@qU6±B)çDC AMSE rå¢W¤ùv~vÓ AOîÆ= 0D D/G Bv<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiX%ä2¼A`ArialTT3|Xj«<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiXXxþ6X@ÉJQX@%ä2¼A`ArialTTt10cpiXXXä2¼P±ŠQXP((­À$¡¡ÒD°ÒÒ¦°ÒÓ  Ó»{s (D(3¾Á$¤¤Ý ƒ­À!ÝÒD°ÒÒ¦°ÒÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà œ àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô^Ó€j2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ d$$$$'ÿÿdxd< Œ 9p`(Monaco("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d////7Border 1dd€-0Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ;Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€"ÔÔ€.ÔÒ D ÒÒ ¦ ÒÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€XÔÌÌò òAprilÏ17,Ï1996ÌÌCecilÏCrowson,ÏJr.ÌÔ€ôÔAppellateÏCourtÏClerkó ó hÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€"ÔÔ€.ÔÒ D ÒÒ ¦ ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€.ôÔÔ€ÔWe€note€the€petitioner€was€designated€as€"Mark€W.€Rawlings"€in€two€of€the€indictments€and€asÏ"Mark€A.€Rawlings"€in€the€third.€€Ì ˜Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€"ÔÔ€.ÔÒ D ÒÒ ¦ ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€.ôÔÔ€ÔAt€the€guilty€plea,€the€prosecutor€stated€this€victim's€age€to€have€been€forty€at€the€time€of€theÏoffense.€€Elsewhere€in€the€record,€she€is€described€as€"elderly"€at€the€time.Ì šÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€"ÔÔ€.ÔÒ D ÒÒ ¦ ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€.ôÔÔ€ÔRawlings€testified€that€he€had€drunk€a€fifth€of€brandy€and€smoked€the€crack€he€hadÏmanufactured€from€approximately€$150€worth€of€cocaine€on€the€day€he€committed€the€robberies.€€ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA:Op Monaco ÒÒ  BA:Op Monaco Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€"ÔÓ&€,,X„d&ÓÑ#€,,Xd#ÑÔ€.ÔÒ D ÒÒ ¦ ÒÝ  ÝÑ ` ÑÑ X ÑÑ7€—XXdÈdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÓ  ÓÔ€Ô›à àà àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINALÏAPPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÙ€€ÙœßL€120;+'h|D` 81 `€€Lß›Ìà@ àAT€JACKSONÌà àà àà àà àà àÌÓ  Óà@ àDECEMBER€1995ÏSESSIONÌÌÌÌó óÌò òMARK€W.€RAWLINGS,à àà àà à)ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àò ò)ó óà àò òC.C.A.ÏNO.€œ02C01›„9504„CR„00112ó óÌà àà àAppellant,à àò ò€€€€€à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àSHELBYÏCOUNTYó óÌœVS›.à àà àà àà àà àà àò ò)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.ÏJOHN€P.€œCOLTON›,€JR.€,ÌSTATE€OFÏTENNESSEE,à àà àà à)à àJUDGEÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àó óAppellee.ò òà àà àà à)à àó ó(Post„Conviction)ò òÌó óÌÌÌòòFOR€THE€APPELLANT:óóà àà àà à€€€€€òòà àFOR€THEÏAPPELLEE:óóÌÌÌò òPAULAÏœSKAHAN›à àà àà àà àà àCHARLES€W.ÏBURSONÌó ó140€North€Third€St.à àà àà àà àà àAttorneyÏGeneral€&€Reporterò òÌó óMemphis,€TN€€€38103ò òÌó óà àà àà àà àò òà àà àà àRUTH€A.ÏTHOMPSONó óÌ€€à àà àà àà àà àà àà àCounselÏfor€the€StateÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à450€JamesÍRobertson€Pkwy.à àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€Ï37243„0493Ìà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àò òà àà àà àJOHN€W.€œPIEROTTI›ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àà àà àà àò òà àà àà àJENNIFER€S.€œNICHOLS›ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àœAsst›.€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à201€Poplar€Ave.,€ThirdÏFl.à àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àMemphis,€TN€€€38103à àÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àÌOPINION€FILED:____________________ÌÌÌÌò òAFFIRMED€IN€PART;€DELAYED€APPEAL€GRANTEDó óÌÌÌò òJOHN€H.€PEAY,ó óÌJudgeÌÇÑ ° Ñà@ àò òòòO€P€I€N€I€O€NÌÌÌó óóóÌÓ  ÓÓÓà àà àThe€petitioner€Rawlings€was€indicted€for,€and€pled€guilty€to,€threeÏcounts€of€especially€aggravated€robbery.× ƒ3 ××  ×€€After€a€hearing,€he€was€sentenced€as€aÏRange€I€standard€offender€to€eighteen€years€for€each€offense,€consecutive,€for€anÏeffective€sentence€of€fifty„four€years.Ìà àà àÌà àà àThe€petitioner€attempted€to€appeal€his€sentence,€without€the€assistanceÏof€counsel,€but€mailed€it€to€the€wrong€address.€€He€then€filed€a€petition€for€post„conviction€relief,€which€was€amended€after€counsel€was€appointed.€€As€grounds€forÏrelief,€the€petitioner€asserted€that€he€did€not€plead€guilty€"freely€and€voluntarily"€andÏthat€he€was€denied€effective€assistance€of€counsel€both€before€and€after€his€plea.€ÏThe€lower€court€denied€relief€after€an€evidentiary€hearing,€and€the€petitioner€nowÏappeals.€€He€also€requests€that€we€allow€a€delayed€appeal€of€his€sentence€becauseÏhe€had€no€contact€with€his€lawyer€after€sentencing€and€was€uncertain€about€his€rightsÏand€appellate€procedure.€€We€find€that€the€lower€court€improperly€denied€post„conviction€relief€and€further,€that€the€petitioner€should€have€been€granted€a€delayedÏappeal.ÌÌà àà àOn€July€5,€1991,€Rawlings€approached€an€uncle€("Mr.€Green")€for€a€loanÏof€money.€€At€the€time,€another€man€and€a€woman€were€visiting€Mr.€Green€at€hisÏresidence,€both€of€whom€also€knew€the€petitioner.€€Mr.€Green€refused€to€make€theÏloan.€€The€petitioner€then€asked€to€borrow€a€claw€hammer.€€He€subsequently€beat€Mr.ÏGreen€and€both€of€Mr.€Green's€visitors€in€the€head€with€the€hammer.€€He€broke€theÏwoman's€hands€with€the€hammer€as€she€attempted€to€ward€off€the€blows€to€her€head.€ÏAfter€beating€the€victims,€the€petitioner€robbed€them.€€All€of€the€victims€were€seriouslyÏinjured.€€The€wo0man€was€forty€years€old€at€the€time€of€the€offense× ƒ4 ××  ×€and€the€two€menÏwere€in€their€sixties;€the€petitioner€was€thirty„four.€€All€of€the€victims€identifiedÏRawlings€as€the€attacker.ÌÌà àà àThe€petitioner€complains€that€his€lawyer€was€ineffective€because€sheÏfailed€to€investigate€and€pursue€the€potential€defense€of€voluntary€intoxication,€andÏdid€not€have€a€mental€evaluation€performed.€€He€testified€that€he€had€been€"high"€onÏalcohol€and€cocaine€when€he€committed€the€robberies× ƒ5 ××  ×€and€that€his€sister,€DebbieÏRawlings,€could€have€testified€as€to€his€mental€condition.€€He€complains€that€Ms.ÍMitchell€never€informed€him€about€the€State's€burden€of€proving€the€òòmensóó€òòœrea›óóÏelement€of€his€offenses,€and€had€she€done€so€he€would€not€have€pled€guilty.€€Thus,Ïhe€asserts,€his€guilty€pleas€were€involuntary€because€they€were€based€on€ineffectiveÏassistance€of€counsel.ÌÌà àà àDebbie€Rawlings,€the€petitioner's€sister,€testified€that€she€had€seenÏRawlings€after€the€robberies€and€that€he€had€"looked€like€he€was€spaced€out€onÏdrugs."€€However,€she€also€testified€that€the€petitioner€did€not€act€any€differently€whenÏhe€was€doing€cocaine€than€he€did€when€he€was€not.€The€record€is€unclear€as€to€howÏmuch€time€passed€between€the€crimes€and€the€meeting€between€the€petitioner€andÏhis€sister.€€ÌÌà àà à€€Ms.€Kathleen€Mitchell€of€the€Shelby€County€Public€Defender's€OfficeÏwas€appointed€to€represent€the€petitioner€on€February€7,€1992.€€Ms.€Mitchell€testifiedÏthat€she€had€met€with€the€petitioner€at€the€jail€at€least€four€times,€and€additional€timesÏat€the€courthouse.€€While€she€remembered€that€Rawlings€had€told€her€he€wasÏdrinking€on€the€day€in€question,€she€testified€that€he€had€not€told€her€about€alsoÏsmoking€crack€cocaine.€€Nor€had€he€told€her€the€amount€he€œhad€had›€to€drink,€whichÏthe€petitioner€admits.€€She€also€remembered€that€Rawlings€had€told€her€that€his€sisterÏwas€a€witness.€€However,€a€prior€statement€that€the€petitioner€had€made€to€anotherÍpublic€defender€indicated€that€his€sister€did€not€see€him€until€two€and€one„half€hoursÏafter€the€robberies.€€Based€on€this€statement,€Ms.€Mitchell€determined€that€the€sister'sÏperception€of€Rawlings€was€irrelevant.ÌÌà àà àMs.€Mitchell€met€with€the€prosecutor€who€let€her€review€his€entire€file.€ÏShe€also€interviewed€the€State's€witnesses,€including€the€victims.€€She€repeatedlyÏasked€for€a€plea€bargain€offer,€but€the€State€steadfastly€refused€to€make€one.€ÏAccording€to€the€prosecutor,€the€State€intended€to€take€this€matter€to€trial,€to€seek€theÏmaximum€sentences€possible,€and€to€seek€consecutive€sentences.€€In€Ms.€Mitchell'sÏopinion,€there€was€no€"viable"€defense€for€her€client.€€Moreover,€she€was€aware€thatÏher€client€had€pled€guilty€to€voluntary€manslaughter€several€years€before€when€heÏhad€killed€his€first€wife.€€Accordingly,€she€advised€her€client€to€plead€guilty€in€theÏhopes€that€the€trial€court€would€be€less€inclined€to€impose€the€maximum€penalty€on€aÏplea€rather€than€after€a€trial.€€In€exchange€for€Rawlings'€pleas,€the€prosecutor€agreedÏto€withhold€numerous€graphic€photographs€of€the€victims€at€the€crime€scene,€and€theÏtestimony€of€the€father€of€the€woman€Rawlings€had€killed.ÌÌà àà à"In€post„conviction€relief€proceedings€the€peti‚tioner€has€the€burden€ofÏproving€the€allegations€in€his€[or€her]€petition€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence."€ÏòòœMcBee›€v.€Stateóó,€655€S.W.2d€191,€195€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1983).€€Fur‚thermore,€theÍfactual€findings€of€the€trial€court€in€hearings€"are€conclusive€on€appeal€unless€theÏevidence€preponderates€against€the€judgment."€€òòState€v.€œBuford›óó,€666€S.W.2d€473,Ï475€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1983).ÌÌà àà àIn€reviewing€the€petitioner's€Sixth€Amendment€claim€of€ineffectiveÏassistance€of€counsel,€this€Court€must€deter‚mine€whether€the€advice€given€orÏservices€rendered€by€the€attorney€are€within€the€range€of€competence€demanded€ofÏattorneys€in€criminal€cases.€€òòBaxter€v.€Roseóó,€523€S.W.2d€930,€936€(Tenn.€1975).€€ToÏprevail€on€a€claim€of€inef‚fective€counsel,€a€petitioner€"must€show€that€counsel'sÏrepresenta‚tion€fell€below€an€objective€standard€of€reason‚ableness"€and€that€thisÏperformance€prejudiced€the€defense.€€There€must€be€a€reasonable€probability€thatÏbut€for€coun‚sel's€error€the€result€of€the€proceeding€would€have€been€different.€ÏòòœStrickland›€v.€Washingtonóó,€466€U.S.€668,€687„88,€692,€694€(1984);€òòBest€v.€Stateóó,€708ÏS.W.2d€421,€422€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1985).ÌÌà àà àTo€satisfy€the€requirement€of€prejudice,€the€petitioner€must€demonstrateÏa€reasonable€probability€that,€but€for€coun‚sel's€errors,€he€would€not€have€pled€guiltyÏand€would€have€insisted€on€going€to€trial.€€òòSeeóó€òòHill€v.€œLockart›óó,€474€U.S.€52,€59Ï(1985);€òòœBankston›€v.€Stateóó,€815€S.W.2d€213,€215€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).ÌÌà àà àThus,€we€must€determine€whether€the€evidence€preponderates€againstÏthe€lower€court's€finding€that€Ms.€Mitchell€acted€within€the€range€of€competence€inÏadvising€the€petitioner€to€enter€guilty€pleas.€€We€find€that€it€does€not.ÌÌà àà àGiven€that€the€petitioner€never€told€Ms.€Mitchell€that€he€was€soÏintoxicated€as€to€have€legitimately€raised€the€defense€of€voluntary€intoxication€(if,€inÏfact,€he€was),€and€given€that€Ms.€Mitchell€had€good€reason€to€believe€that€Ms.ÏRawlings'€contact€with€the€petitioner€was€not€timely€with€respect€to€bolstering€anyÏsuch€defense,€we€agree€with€the€trial€court€that€Ms.€Mitchell€acted€competently€inÏdetermining€that€her€client€had€no€viable€defense€and€in€advising€him€to€plead€guilty.€ÏMoreover,€as€to€the€petitioner's€contention€that€Ms.€Mitchell€should€have€used€hisÏvoluntary€intoxication€as€leverage€to€get€an€offer€of€plea€bargain€from€the€State,€theÏprosecutor€in€the€case€testified€at€the€post„conviction€hearing€that€any€claim€ofÏintoxication€would€not€have€mattered.€€Accordingly,€even€if€her€representation€in€thisÏregard€was€deficient,€the€petitioner€has€not€shown€the€required€prejudice.ÌÌà àà à€€Ms.€Mitchell€was€concerned€that,€if€he€went€to€trial,€the€petitioner€wouldÏreceive€the€maximum€sentences€possible€„„€consecutive€twenty„five€year€sentences.€ÏThe€prosecutor€agreed€to€withhold€numerous€graphic€photographs€if€Rawlings€pledÏguilty,€and€to€withhold€the€testimony€of€the€father€of€the€petitioner's€first€wife,€whomÍthe€petitioner€had€killed€several€years€earlier.€€The€prosecutor€abided€by€thisÏagreement€at€the€sentencing€hearing€and€the€court€sentenced€the€petitioner€to€onlyÏeighteen€years€for€each€offense,€in€spite€of€the€State's€efforts€to€obtain€the€maximum.€ÏObviously,€Ms.€Mitchell€was€successful€in€protecting€her€client€from€the€potentialÏseventy„five€year€sentence.ÌÌà àà àFinally,€even€if€Ms.€Mitchell€should€have€more€thoroughly€investigatedÏand€discussed€the€affirmative€defense€of€voluntary€intoxication€with€the€petitioner,€theÏevidence€does€not€preponderate€against€the€lower€courtððs€findings€that€theÏpetitionerððs€assertions€in€support€of€his€petition€are€ð ðnot€credibleðð€and€ð ðnotÏpersuasive.ðð€€Therefore,€Rawlings€has€not€satisfied€the€prejudice€requirement€ofÏòòStricklandóó€that,€but€for€his€attorneyððs€alleged€errors,€he€would€have€insisted€on€a€trial.ÌÌà àà àThe€petitioner€also€complains€that€his€counsel€was€ineffective€becauseÏshe€did€not€order€a€mental€evaluation€done.€€The€petitioner€testified€that€he€had€beenÏtreated€for€mental€illness€in€1990€and€1991€after€a€suicide€attempt,€and€that€he€hadÏinformed€his€lawyer€of€this.€€Ms.€Mitchell€did€not€remember€whether€the€petitioner€hadÏtold€her€this€before€his€sentencing€hearing,€but€she€testified€that€she€had€not€seenÏany€reason€to€request€an€evaluation,€that€"at€all€times€he€seemed€very€coherent€andÏable€to€help€me."ÌÌà àà àThere€is€no€proof€in€the€record€of€what€such€an€evaluation€would€haveÏrevealed€had€one€been€performed.€€It€is€therefore€impossible€to€conclude€that€theÏpetitioner€was€prejudiced€by€Ms.€Mitchell's€failure€to€obtain€one.€€Accordingly,€weÏcannot€find€that€the€petitioner€suffered€from€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€in€thisÏregard.ÌÌà àà àThe€petitioner€also€complains€that€Ms.€Mitchell's€representation€wasÏdeficient€because€she€did€not€inform€him€about€his€right€to€appeal,€and€neverÏcontacted€him€after€he€was€sentenced.€€Rawlings€tried€to€place€a€collect€call€to€Ms.ÏMitchell's€office,€which€was€not€accepted.€€He€did€not€attempt€to€contact€her€again.€ÏRather,€he€chose€to€try€to€file€an€appeal€on€his€own.€€This€appeal€was€never€perfectedÏbecause€it€was€mailed€to€the€wrong€address.ÌÌà àà àMs.€Mitchell€should€have€talked€with€the€petitioner€about€his€right€toÏappeal€the€sentences€imposed.€€When€the€trial€judge€explained€the€petitioner'sÏappeal€rights€to€him€at€the€guilty€plea,€he€did€so€in€a€confusing€manner.€€Ms.ÏMitchell's€representation€was€deficient€in€this€regard.€€"[T]here€is€an€affirmative€dutyÏon€the€part€of€counsel€to€advise€his€[or€her]€client€of€the€right€to€appeal€a€sentence.€ÏThe€failure€to€do€so€qualifie[s]€as€a€deficiency€in€performance."€€òòShepherd€v.€Stateóó,ÍNo.€01C01„9303„CR„00080,€Davidson€County€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€filed€March€17,Ï1994,€at€Nashville)€(citation€omitted).€€The€appropriate€remedy€for€this€deficiency€is€aÏdelayed€appeal.€€òòIdóó.€€A€finding€of€prejudice€is€not€required€prior€to€the€granting€of€thisÏrelief.€€òòState€v.€Herronóó,€No.€03C01„9109„CR„00284,€Hawkins€County€(Tenn.€Crim.ÏApp.€filed€March€10,€1992,€at€Knoxville).€€We€need€not€address€the€merits€of€theÏdefendant's€appeal€issues€before€granting€this€relief.€€òòIdóó.;€òòPinkston€v.€Stateóó,€668ÏS.W.2d€676€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1984).ÌÌà àà àThe€petitioner€has€failed€to€carry€his€burden€of€proving€that€theÏevidence€preponderates€against€the€lower€court's€findings€that€he€pled€guilty€freelyÏand€voluntarily€and€that€he€received€effective€assistance€of€counsel€in€entering€hisÏplea.€€Therefore,€we€affirm€the€lower€court's€judgment€denying€post„conviction€reliefÏwith€respect€to€the€defendant's€conviction.€€However,€because€the€defendant€wasÏdenied€effective€assistance€of€counsel€on€appeal,€we€grant€the€defendant€a€delayedÏappeal€with€respect€to€his€sentence€only.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àà à______________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àJOHN€H.€PEAY,€JudgeÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌGARY€R.€WADE,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JudgeÌ