ÿWPCS …# VUNa %¯ 0(µbÝw@å4% 9 H 0JP 0Tš 0^î 0hL 0r´ 0|& 0†¢ 0( 1u¸ 0d- U>‘ U*Ï B)ù DC" AMe² BÍv~êvÓh D3; 0@n AO®Æý 0Dà D/ B6˜HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 (ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡- ù- 1 D2 e3 4 5 Ó€A B DC D DE »{s 3|xE 2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d!!!!7Border 1dd€-"Cþÿ << Gÿÿ Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ ÔÔ€ ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€ XÔÌÌò òSeptember30,€1996ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó dPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  BA Op Geneva ÒÒ  BA Op Geneva Ò%%%%'ÿÿdxd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÑ ` ÑÔ€ŠÔÔ€ ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ€ÑÑ7€†nXXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò ò›IN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÙ€€ÙœßL€#$";+'h|,ë` Å `€€Lß›ÌAT€œJACKSON›ÌÌœJULY›€SESSION,€œ1996›ÌÌÌÓ  ÓœREGINALD€HILL,à à›à àà à)à àC.C.A.€NO.Ïœ02C01„9512„CR„00391›Ìà àà àà àà àà à)ó óÌà àœAppellant,›à àà àà àò ò)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àœSHELBY›€COUNTYÌVS.à àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.€œARTHUR€T.€BENNETTó ó›Ìò òœSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,ó ó›à àò ò)à àJUDGEó óÌà àà àà àà àà àò ò)ó óÌà àœAppellee.›à àà àà àò ò)à àœó ó(Post„Conviction)ò ò›Ìó óÌÌÓ  Óò òON€APPEAL€FROM€THE€JUDGMENT€OF€THEÌœCRIMINAL›€COURT€OF€œSHELBY€COUNTY›ó óÌÌÌÓ  ÓòòFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à àà àà àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:ÌÌœLINDA€K.€PARSON›à àà àà àœCHARLES€W.€BURSONÌ200€Jefferson€Avenue,€Suite€750à àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌMemphis,€TN€38103Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àROBIN€L.€HARRISÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àJOHN€W.€PIEROTTIÌà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àJAMES€C.€BEASLEY,€JR.Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àCriminal€Justice€Complex,€3rd€FloorÌà àà àà àà àà àà à201€Poplar€AvenueÌà àà àà àà àà àà àMemphis,€TN€38103›ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌœAFFIRMED›ÌÌDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGEÇÓ  ÓÔ€ °Ôò òòòOPINIONóóó óÔ€ ŠÔÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓÓÓà àThe€Petitioner€appeals€pursuant€to€Rule€3€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€ofÏAppellate€Procedure€from€the€trial€courtððs€denial€of€his€petition€for€post„convictionÏrelief.€€The€Petitioner€is€detained€in€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction€for€aÏlife€sentence€œas€an›€habitual€offender.€€The€conviction€in€question€is€a€burglaryÏconviction€which€triggered€œthe›€habitual€offender€conviction.€€The€PetitionerÏappeals€from€the€trial€courtððs€judgment€that€his€guilty€plea€was€properly€œentered.›€ÏWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà àThe€Petitioner€was€indicted€for€first€degree€burglary€and€being€an€habitualÏcriminal.€€At€trial,€he€repeatedly€stated€that€he€wanted€to€plead€guilty.€€AlthoughÏthere€was€no€formal€agreement€œor›€a€plea€offer€from€the€œState,›€the€trial€judgeÏallowed€the€Petitioner€to€plead€guilty.€€At€the€end€of€the€trial€on€the€burglaryÏcharge€and€the€habitual€offender€charge€the€jury€foreman€stated,€ð ðUpon€theÏdefendantððs€plea€of€guilty,€we,€the€jury,€find€the€defendant€guilty€of€burglary€in€theÏfirst€degree.ðð€€The€jury€also€found€the€Petitioner€guilty€of€being€an€habitualÏoffender,€which€was€the€second€count.€€The€Petitioner€was€unsuccessful€in€hisÏappeal€from€his€habitual€offender€conviction.€€òòState€v.€Reginald€Hillóó,€ShelbyÏCounty,€No.€27€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€Feb.€1,€1989).ÌÌà àThe€Petitionerððs€issues€are:€(1)€Whether€he€entered€his€guilty€pleaÏknowingly,€voluntarily€and€intelligently;€(2)€whether€œhe€understood›€theÏconsequences€of€the€guilty€plea€œto€burglary€on›€the€œother€indicted›€offense€of€beingÏan€habitual€offender;€and€(3)€whether€the€guilty€plea€was€entered€as€the€resultÏof€perceived€threats€and€coercion.€ÌÌà àA€defendant€must€be€advised€of€œcertain€constitutional€rights€before€he€isÏallowed€to€enter€a€guilty€plea.€€òòBoykin€v.€Alabamaóó,€395€U.S.€238€(1969).€ÏAmong€those€rights€are€the€right€against€self„incrimination,€the€right€to€confrontÏwitnesses€and€the€right€to€a€trial€by€jury.€€òòId.óó€at€243.€€The€record€must€show€thatÏa€guilty€plea€was€made€voluntarily,€understandingly,€and€knowingly.€€òòId.óó€at€242.€ÏIn€òòState€v.€Mackeyóó,€553€S.W.2d€337€(Tenn.€1977),€the€Tennessee€SupremeÏCourt€imposed€stricter€standards€than€those€mandated€in€òòBoykinóó.€€Included€inÏthe€òòMackeyóó€requirements:ÌÒ ` ÒÒ  ÒÓÓÌA.€Before€accepting€a€plea€of€guilty,€the€court€must€address€theÏdefendant€personally€in€open€court€.€.€.€.ÌÌ.€.€.€.ÌÌD.€A€verbatim€record€of€the€proceedings€at€which€the€defendantÏenters€a€plea€shall€be€made€and,€if€there€is€a€plea€of€guilty,€theÏrecord€shall€include,€without€limitation,€(a)€the€courtððs€advice€toÏthe€defendant,€(b)€the€inquiry€into€the€voluntariness€of€the€pleaÏincluding€any€plea€agreement€and€into€the€defendantððsÍunderstanding€of€the€consequences€of€his€entering€a€plea€ofÏguilty,€and€(c)€the€inquiry€into€the€accuracy€of€a€guilty€plea.ÌÌÌÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÓÓòòId.óó€at€341.ÌÌà àIn€òòState€v.€Nealóó,€810€S.W.2d€131€(Tenn.€1991),€our€supreme€court€statedÏthat€the€purpose€for€these€guidelines€is€to€"seek€to€insulate€guilty€pleas€fromÏcoercion€and€relevant€defendant€ignorance.€€They€are€designed€to€insure€thatÏguilty€pleas€are€voluntary€and€knowing."€€òòId.óó€at€135.€€The€Tennessee€SupremeÏCourt€has€also€stated:€ÌÒ ` ÒÒ  ÒÓÓÌFor€the€plea€to€be€acceptable€it€must€be€voluntary.€€That€doesÏnot€mean€that€the€defendant€would€want€to€plead€guilty€if€he€orÏshe€had€the€option€available€to€go€free.€€The€option€available€isÏto€go€to€trial,€with€its€uncertainties,€or€to€plead€guilty.€€TheÏknowledge€that€is€most€relevant€to€this€decision€of€the€accusedÏpertains€to€the€rights€that€are€available€to€him€or€her€upon€a€trialÏthat€are€given€up€by€pleading€guilty.ÌÌÌÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÓÓòòId.óóÌÌà àThe€Petitioner€first€argues€that€his€guilty€plea€was€not€entered€intoÏknowingly,€voluntarily€and€intelligently.€€The€record€from€the€Petitionerððs€guilty€pleaÏshows€that€the€Petitioner€was€addressed€personally€in€open€court›€by€the€trialÏjudge€and€was€advised€of€all€his€constitutional€rights.€€The€Petitioner€argues€thatÏhis€answers€to€the€questions€demonstrate€that€he€was€not€entering€into€his€pleaÍknowingly,€voluntarily€and€intelligently.€€However,€after€reviewing€the€record,€theÏPetitionerððs€statements€seem€to€stem€more€from€a€desire€to€be€uncooperativeÏthan€from€not€understanding.€€The€transcript€from€the€Petitionerððs€guilty€pleaÏbegins€with€questioning€by€his€attorney€and€then€by€the€trial€judge.€€It€reads€asÏfollows:ÌÒ ` ÒÒ  ÒÓÓÌœà àBY€THE€DEFENSE€COUNSEL:€€Mr.›€Hill,€youððre€theÏdefendant€in€œthis›€case;€correct?Ìœà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€€Yea.›Ìœà àBY€THE€DEFENSE€COUNSEL:€€And›€you€have€informedÏme€œthat€itððs›€your€intention€to€plead€guilty€œbefore›€the€jury;€is€thatÏcorrect?Ìœà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€€Iððve›€been€telling€you€that€allÏweek€long.Ìœà àBY€THE€DEFENSE€COUNSEL:€€Your›€realize€that€youÏdo€have€a€right€to€a€trial,€and€you€have€a€right€to€cross„examineÏall€the€stateððs€witnesses€and€hear€their€proof?Ìœà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€€Man,›€Iððve€been€telling€you€I€wasÏguilty€all€the€time.€€And€I€need€me€a€lawyer,€because€you€doneÏlied€to€me.Ìœà àBY€THE€DEFENSE€COUNSEL:€€I›€understand€that.€€WeÏhave€to€get€this€before€the€court.€€Is€it€my€understanding€thatÏyou€want€to€plead€guilty€before€the€jury€to€the€charge€of€burglaryÏin€the€first€degree?Ìœà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€€Iððve›€been€telling€you€that€all€theÏtime.€€I€donððt€know€why€you€keep€punishing€me,€man.Ìà àBY€THE€œDEFENSE€COUNSEL:›€Thatððs€all€I€have,€YourÏHonor.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Mr.€Hill,€the€court€must€ask€you€certainÏquestions,€and€Iððll€ask€you€respectfully€to€please€respond.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€You€all€go€on€and€get€on€to€whatÏyou€all€doing,€man.€€Do€what€you€want€to€do€to€me.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€understand,€Mr.€Hill,€that€youÏhave€a€right€to€a€trial€by€jury?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Man,€if€you€all€want€to€give€meÏlife€that€bad,€just€go€ahead.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Yes€or€no;€do€you€understand?€Yes€orÏno?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Yea,€I€know.€€Yea,€I€know.€€Yea,ÏI€know€it.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€understand€that€you€have€aÏright€to€enter€a€plea€of€not€guilty;€you€have€a€right€to€enter€a€pleaÏof€guilty;€you€have€a€right€to€enter€a€plea€of€nolo€contendere?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€know.€.€.I€donððt€knowÏwhat€all€that€stuff€mean,€and€he€wonððt€tell€me€nothing.€€ThatððsÏthe€reason€you€took€him€off€my€case,€and€I€donððt€know€howÏyou€put€him€back€on€it.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€know€what€not€guilty€means?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Not€guilty.€.€.who€said€I€was€notÏguilty.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€I€said,€ð ðDo€you€know€what€not€guiltyÏmeans?ððÌà àBY€THE€œDEFENDANT:›€Yea,€I€know€what€that€means.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€know€what€guilty€means?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Yea,€I€know€what€it€means.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Nolo€contendere€is€a€plea€that€youÏmay€enter.€.€.nolo€means€no,€and€contendere€means€contest;Ïand€if€you€enter€that€type€of€plea€you€tell€the€jury€and€the€trialÏjudge€that€you€do€not€contest€the€allegations€contained€in€theÏindictment.€€Do€you€understand€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€understand€anything€you€wantÏme€to€understand.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€now,€I€donððt€want€you€toÏunderstand€anything€except€what€you€do€understand.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Man,€you€all€want€to€get€thisÏover€with.€€Iððm€guilty.€€You€want€to.€.€.youððre€going€to€give€me€life.€ÏIððm€guilty€of€anything.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Mr.€Hill€weððve€got€to€.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Itððs€what€you€want€to€do.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Mr.€Hill,€please.€.€.please.€€Do€youÏunderstand€that€you€have€a€right€to€be€represented€by€a€lawyerÏat€all€stages€of€the€proceedings€including€any€appellate€reviewÏstage.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€understand€that€I€had€a€right€forÏa€lawyer€that€speaks€the€truth€and€donððt€lie€and€lead€me€on€toÏthinking€itððs€a€conspiracy.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€So€you€do€understand€you€have€aÏright€to€be€represented€by€a€lawyer?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Yea.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€All€right.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€One€that€donððt€lie.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€understand€that€you€have€theÏright€to€cross„examine€or€confront€all€of€the€stateððs€witnesses?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Man,€I€donððt€want€to€bother€themÏpeople,€man.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€I€understand€that,€but€do€youÏunderstand€that€you€have€that€right?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Sir?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Yea,€I€guess€so.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€understand€that€you€have€aÏright€to€compel€witnesses€to€attend€on€your€behalf?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Thatððs€another€thing.€€There€ainððtÏnobody€made€no€effort€.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€understand€that€you€have€thatÏright?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€understand€none€of€thisÏstuff€youððre€doing.€€Thatððs€the€reason€I€said,€ð ðGo€on€and€get€itÏover€with.ððÌà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€understand€in€a€jury€trial.€.€.onÏa€guilty€plea€or€a€plea€of€nolo€contendere€that€you€have€a€rightÏto€appeal€any€jury€decision€or€judge€sentencing€decision?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€understand€none€of€that,Ïbecause€I€havenððt€been€told€it.€€I€want€to€know€every€.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€Iððm€telling€you€now.€€Do€youÏunderstand€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€No,€I€donððt€understand€none€ofÏthis€stuff€youððre€talking€about.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€understand€that€you€have€aÏright€to€appeal,€Mr.€Hill?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€even€know€what€appealÏmeans.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€How€many€times€have€you€been€triedÏin€these€criminal€courts?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Iððve€been€tried€one€time.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€did€you€appeal€your€decision?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€think€I€did.€€I€donððt€evenÏknow.€€Whatever€it€is;€I€donððt€know.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€You€understand€that€you€do€have€aÏright€to€appeal;€donððt€you?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€know€what€appealÏmeans.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€You€have€a€right€to€file€a€motion€for€aÏnew€trial€alleging€any€error€that€you€might€say€was€committedÏby€this€court€in€the€trial€before€the€jury.€€You€have€the€right€toÏassign€any€type€of€error€that€you€might€say€the€reason€whyÏyou€didnððt€get€a€fair€trial.€€Do€you€understand€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt.€.€.I€done€told€you€IððmÏguilty.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€I€understand€that,€but€I€canððt€accept€aÏguilty€plea€unless€I€know€that€youððre€intelligently€and€knowinglyÏwaiving€your€right€to€enter€a€not€guilty€plea.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Iððm€guilty,€man;€whatever€youÏwant.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€do€you€understand€that€whenÏyou€enter€a€guilty€plea€that€you€lose€your€right€to€appeal€anyÏjury€decision€or€judge€sentencing€decision?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€guess€so.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€You€understand€that€right?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€guess€so.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well€not€a€guess€so;€do€youÏunderstand€that€you€lose€your€right€to€.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€There€ainððt€nobody€read€it€to€me.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Mr.€Hill,€Iððm€telling€you€that€under€theÏlaw€you€lose€your€right€to€appeal€when€you€enter€a€guilty€plea.€ÏDo€you€understand€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt.€.€.I€donððt€understand€whatÏyouððre€saying.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€understand€English?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€(Pause.)€€Iððm€talking€English;€IÏmust€understand.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€then€you€must€understand€thatÏyou€lose.€.€.when€I€tell€you€that€you€lose€your€right€to€appealÏwhen€you€enter€a€guilty€plea,€do€you€understand€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€understand€that.€.€.explain€it€toÏme.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€you€just€lose€your€right.€€I€donððtÏknow€how€to€explain€it€any€better€than€that.€€You€donððt€have€aÏright€to€appeal.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€have€a€right€to€appeal?Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Thatððs€right.€€You€donððt€have€a€right€toÏappeal€when€you€enter€a€guilty€plea.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Well,€Iððd€rather€represent€myself.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€weððre€not€on€that€question€rightÏnow.€€Weððre€on€the€question€of€whether€or€not€you€understandÏyou€lose€your€right€to€appeal€when€you€enter€a€guilty€plea.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€quite€understand.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€understand€ð ðlose?ððÌà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€No€response.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€If€you€lose€something;€do€you€knowÏwhat€it€is?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Yea.Ìà àBY€THE€œCOURT:€›All€right.€€You€have€a€right€to€appealÏon€a€jury€trial€if€you€enter€a€not€guilty€plea€or€if€you€enter€a€pleaÏof€nolo€contendere.€€But€when€you€enter€a€guilty€plea,€you€loseÏyour€right€to€appeal.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€know€what€all€them€bigÏwords€mean.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€You€know€what€the€word€ð ðloseððÏmeans?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Yea,€in€certain€situations€I€knowÏwhat€it€means.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€And€you€know€what€the€word€ð ðrightððÏmeans;€donððt€you?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€If€youððre€talking€about€this€right,Ïno.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€know€what€the€word€ð ðrightðð€is;Ïthat€you€have€a€right€to€do€this€or€right€to€do€that€or€right€to€doÏwhatever?€€Do€you€understand€the€word€ð ðright?ððÌà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€thought€I€had€a€right€to€use€theÏbathroom€a€minute€ago.€I€thought€I€had€a€right€to€do€that,€but€theÏofficer€said€I€couldnððt€go.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€in€other€words€you€understood€theÏword€ð ðright;ðð€didnððt€you?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€According€to,€you€know,€thereððsÏall€kind€of€right.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€the€right€to€appeal;€thatððs€whatÏweððre€talking€about.€.€.the€right€to€appeal.€€You€lose€that€whenÏyou€enter€a€plea€of€guilty.€€Do€you€understand€that?€€Yes€or€no.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Ah,€nope,€I€donððt€understandÏwhat€youððre€saying.Ìà àBY€THE€STATE:€Your€Honor,€might€.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€No,€just€a€minute,€Mr.€Beasley.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€was€trying€to€figure€out€whyÏcome€I€canððt€say€nothing€to€the€jury.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€You€can€say€what€you€want€to€theÏjury,€but€youððre€not€.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€You€told€the€jury€I€was€innocent.€ÏI€ainððt€said€nothing€about€I€was€innocent.€€I€donððt€know€whereÏyou€got€that€from.€€You€told€the.€.€.you.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Mr.€Hill,€you€can€get€up€and€tell€the€juryÏthat€youððre€guilty€if€you€so€desire;€but€Iððm€going€to€tell€you€this.€.Ï.this€is€what€I€want€you€to€understand:€When€you€get€up€andÏœtell€›the€jury€that€youððre€guilty,€then€you€do€not,€under€the€law,Ïhave€a€right€to€appeal€this€trial.€€Do€you€understand€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€What.€.€.what€Iððm€going€to€trialÏon?Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Burglary€in€the€first€degree.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€And€thatððs€all?Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€at€this€point;€yes.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Well,€keep€on,€Iððm€listening.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€thatððs€all€Iððm€going€to€tell€you.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Well,€I€donððt€.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€At€this€time€youððre€before€the€jury€on€aÏcharge€of€burglary€in€the€first€degree,€and€if€you€get€up€and€tellÏthe€jury€that€youððre€guilty€of€burglary€in€the€first€degree,€you€donððtÏhave€a€right€to€appeal€that.€€If€the€jury€comes€back€and€saysÏyouððre€guilty,€you€donððt€have€a€right€to€appeal€that.€€Do€youÏunderstand€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€What€will€happen€if€they€find€meÏguilty?Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€thatððs€it.€€Then€weððll€have€aÏsentencing€hearing.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€A€sentencing€hearing€on€just€theÏburglary?Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€first€weððll€have€a€hearing;€then€IððllÏœreswear›€the€jury€and€put€on€the€trial€where€youððre€charge€[sic]Íwith€being€in€status€of€habitual€criminal.€€Now,€you€can€pleadÏguilty€to€that€charge€or€not€guilty€to€that€charge.€€If€you€plead€notÏguilty,€you€preserve€your€right€to€appeal.€€But€if€you€plead€guilty,Ïyou€lose€the€right€to€appeal;€the€fact€that€youððre€in€the€status€ofÏhabitual€criminal.€€Do€you€understand€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€No,€youððre€talking€too€fast.€€IððmÏnot€educated€enough.€€You€know,€youððre€moving€to€[sic]€fast€forÏme.€€Thatððs€all€Iððm€saying.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Tell€me€if€Iððm€speaking€too€slow€forÏyou,€now.€€When€you€plead€guilty€before€the€jury€and€the€juryÏfinds€you€guilty€of€burglary€in€the€first€degree.€.€.€do€youÏunderstand€all€that,€now.€.€.Iððm€not€speaking€too€fast.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€The€jury€ainððt€got€to€find€me€guilty;ÏI€am€guilty.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€All€right,€then;€but€if€the€jury€returns€aÏverdict€of€guilty,€then.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Something€just€ainððt€right€here;€IÏneed€me€another€lawyer.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Thatððs€been€determined,€Mr.€Hill.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Youððre€going€to€take€œback€›theÏsame€lawyer.€.€.youððre€going€to€give€me€back€the€same€lawyerÏyou€took€off€of€my€case.€.€.the€one.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€You€know€you€have€the€right€under€theÏlaw€to€hire€your€own€lawyer;€you€have€a€right€under€the€law€toÏbe€represented€by€the€Public€Defenderððs€Office;€but€you€donððtÏhave€a€right€to€select€you€a€lawyer€when€youððre€an€indigent.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Well,€can€you.€.€.well,€you.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Weððre€not€going€to€go€into€that,€Mr.€Hill.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Well,€okay,€then,€if€I€canððt€talk,Ïforget€it.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€You€can€talk,€but€youððll€answer€myÏquestions.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Iððm€trying€to€answer.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€All€right.€€Do€you€understand€thatÏyouððre€going€to€have€a€trial€on€burglary€in€the€first€degree?€€DoÏyou€understand€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€guess€so.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€After€that€trial€is€over€and€concluded,Ïand€the€jury€returns€a€verdict,€then€weððll€have€a€trial€on€theÏcharge€of€being€in€the€status€of€an€habitual€criminal.€€You€canÏeither€plead€guilty€to€it,€or€you€can€plead€not€guilty€to€it.€€If€youÍplead€guilty,€you€lose€your€right€to€appeal.€€If€you€plead€notÏguilty,€then€you€preserve€your€right€to€appeal.€€Do€you€haveÏany€question€about€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€know€what€an€habitualÏcriminal€is.€€Is€that€somebody€to€go€out€and€kill?Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€have€any€questions€about€theÏprocedure?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€know€what€youððre€talkingÏabout.€€Iððm€trying€to€find€out.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,€has€anybody€threatened€you€inÏany€way€to€cause€you€to€plead€guilty?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Yea,€Iððve€been€threatened€that€IÏmight€be€killed€or€anything.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Who€threatened€you€that€way?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€He€didnððt€threaten€me.€€He€toldÏme€I€was€messing€with€the€wrong€people.€€Thatððs€the€reasonÏIððm€ready€to€plead€guilty.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€He€threatened€you€that€you€wereÏgoing€to€be€killed.€.€.your€lawyer€said€that€youððre€going€to€beÏkilled?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Well,€I€said€he€said€it€was€aÏpossibility€that€a€conspiracy€is€going€on,€so€Iððm€thinking€thatÏmeans€getting€killed€and€everything.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€So,€Iððm€ready.€.€.you€know,€youÏall€can€give€me€the€electric€chair€if€it€will€satisfy€you€all,€becauseÏthe€way€he€talk,€you€know.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Do€you€understand,€Mr.€Hill,.€.€.€Iððm€notÏasking€you€what€youððre€going€to€plead.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Iððm€telling€you€what€my€lawyerÏsaid.€€You€asked€me€have€I€been€threatened.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€All€right.€€You€tell€me€what€your€lawyer.Ï.€.how€your€lawyer€threatened€you.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€said€he€told€me€that€the€peopleÏthatððs€involved€in€this€case.€.€.you€know,€they€might€do€anything,Ïyou€know.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€What€people€did€he€say;€and€whatÏdid€he€say€they€might€do?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€he€said€they€might€do€anything.€ÏThatððs€the€reason€I.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€What€do€you€mean,€ð ðanything?ðð€€DidÏhe€say€what€ð ðanythingðð€was?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Thatððs€what.€.€.you€get€him€upÏhere€and€ask€him.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€No,€youððre€going€to€tell€me.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€ð ðAnything,ðð€thatððs€what€he€said.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€What€does€it€mean?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€It€could€mean€anything.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€What€else.€€Is€there€anything€else€youÏwant€to€tell€me?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€need€another€lawyer.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Anything€else€you€want€to€tell€me?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Let€me€think€for€a€minute.€Ï(Pause.)€Letððs€see.€€(Pause.)€€Yea,€what€happened€to€myÏwitnesses.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€I€said,€ð ðtell€me,ðð€not€ð ðask€me.ððÌà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€All€this€shouting;€I€have€aÏnervous€problem,€man.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Excuse€me.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Youððre€excused.€€Let€me€finishÏthinking.€Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Is€there€anything€else€you€want€to€askÏme.€.€.tell€me.€.€.not€ask€me,€tell€me.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Thank€you,€Your€Honor.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Youððre€welcome.€€Anything€else€youÏwant€to€tell€me?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Iððm€thinking,€Your€Honor.€Ï(Pause.)Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Iððm€telling€you€now.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€feel€that€my€life€is€in€danger.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Well,.€.€.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€.€.€.right€at€this€very€moment€inÏthis€courtroom.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€What€is€there€about€this€courtroom€thatÏcauses€you€to€believe€that?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€The€things.€.€.the€odd€things€thatÏhave€been€going€on.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€What€odd€things?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Iððve€been€seeing€the€wrongÏthings€going€on.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€What€things?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Iððd€rather€not€say€it,€because€itÏmight.€.€.I€believe€it€might€incriminate€me.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Incriminate€you.€.€.how€could€you€beÏcharged€with€anything?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Just€scared€to€say€certain€things.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€All€right.€€Mr.€Hill,€Iððm€going€to€allow€youÏto€do€whatever€you€want€to€do.€€You€can€plead€guilty,€or€youÏcan€plead€not€guilty.€€I€would€recommend€that€you€plead€notÏguilty€so€that€you€will€not€lose€your€right€to€appeal.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€donððt€want€to€appeal€nothing;ÏIððm€guilty.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€Very€well,€step€down.€€YouÏunderstand,€though.€.€.just€a€minute.€.€.just€a€minute.€€You€saidÏyou€donððt€want€to€appeal;€that€youððre€guilty.Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€Right.Ìà àBY€THE€COURT:€You€do€understand€that€you€do€haveÏa€right€to€appeal,€though?Ìà àBY€THE€DEFENDANT:€I€guess€so.ÌÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÓÓÌà àAs€evidenced€by€the€transcript,€the€Petitioner€was€quite€uncooperativeÏthroughout€the€trial€judgeððs€attempt€to€advise€the€Petitioner€of€his€rights.€€TheÏPetitionerððs€argument€that€he€actually€did€not€understand€these€rights€œis€simply›Ïœnot€believable›€when€his€previous€criminal€history€is€considered.€€The€PetitionerððsÏcriminal€history€begins€in€1977.€€Between€1977€and€1984€the€Petitioner€wasÏconvicted€of€six€crimes.€€Five€of€those€convictions€are€œfrom€guilty›€pleas€on€theÏpart€of€the€Petitioner.€€ÌÌà àIn€April€of€1983€the€Petitioner€was€first€indicted€for€being€a€habitualÏœcriminal.€›€œApparently›€this€charge€was€dropped€when€he€pled€guilty€to€his€otherÏcharge€at€the€time.€€œIn€›November€of€1983,€the€Petitioner€was€œagain›€indicted€forÍbeing€a€habitual€criminal.€€This€charge€was€again€dropped€when€he€pled€guiltyÏto€his€other€charge.€€The€indictment€in€the€case€òòsubóó€òòjudiceóó€occurred€in€October€ofÏ1987.€€Clearly€with€the€case€òòsubóó€òòjudiceóó€the€Petitionerððs€luck€ran€out.€€ÌÌà àThe€fact€that€the€Petitioner€had€a€great€deal€of€experience€with€the€guiltyÏplea€procedure€and€that€he€had€been€indicted€for€being€an€habitual€criminal€onÏtwo€previous€occasions€makes€his€argument€of€not€understanding€œdifficult€to›Ïœbelieve.›€€œHis€responses€to€the€trial€judge€make€it€almost€impossible€to€believeÏthat€the€petitioner€did€not€understand€the€process.›ÌÌà àThe€testimony€of€the€Petitionerððs€trial€counsel€at€the€post„conviction€hearingÏalso€supports€this€conclusion:ÌÒ ` ÒÒ  ÒÓÓÌQ.à àNow€you€indicated€that€Mr.€Hill€had€indicated„„advisedÏyou€that€he€wanted€to€plead€guilty€and€accept€a€fifteen€yearÏsentence?ÌA.à àWell,€I€think„„what€we€said„„I€told€him€that€in€his€range,€IÏbelieve,€at€the€time€would€have€been€Range€Two,€that€theÏmaximum€sentence€for€burglary€first€would€be€fifteen€years,€andÏthat€perhaps€I€could€talk€the€prosecutor€into€allowing€him€toÏplead€to€something€along€those€lines€rather€than€go€ahead€withÏa€habitual€criminal€trial,€and€he€advised€me€that€he€would€takeÏfifteen€years€as€a€Range€Two€offender€if€the€state€would€offerÏthat.€€So€I€took€that€proposition€to€Mr.€Beasley€and€to€GeneralÏœStanton›.ÌQ.à àAnd€they€refused€to€accept€that?ÌA.à àThey€refused€to€accept€that.ÌQ.à àAll€right.€€Now,€you€indicated€that€you€did€advise€him€ofÏhis€rights€to€plead€guilty€or€to€not€plead€guilty.€€I€guess€itððsÍbasically„„did€you€œcover›€the€right€not€to€incriminate€himself€atÏtrial?ÌA.à àRightÌ.€.€.€.€ÌQ.à àNow,€after€Mr.€Hill€had€asked€the€Court€to€relieve€you€ofÏrepresenting€him,€was€there€any€hostility€between€you€and€Mr.ÏHill€in€your€opinion?ÌA.à àMr.€Hill„„after€Mr.€Hill€found€out€that€they€were€going€toÏtake€him€to€the€habitual€criminal€phase,€he€was€pretty€hostileÏmost€of€the€time.€€He€was€understandably€upset€and€ratherÏdifficult€to€deal€with.ÌÌÌÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÓÓWe€conclude€from€both€the€trial€transcript€and€the€post„conviction€transcript€thatÏthe€Petitioner€wanted€to€plead€guilty€to€the€burglary€charge.€€He€made€this€pleaÏvoluntarily,€understandingly,€and€knowingly.€€ÌÌà àTherefore,€this€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà àIt€is€also€clear€from€the€Petitionerððs€statements,€his€experience€in€theÏsystem€of€two€prior€habitual€criminal€indictments,€and€the€post„conviction€hearingÏtestimony€that€he€knew€he€was€going€to€receive€a€life€sentence€œand€that›€heÏunderstood€the€consequences€of€the€conviction€œin€the€case€òòsubóó›€òòjudiceóó.€€HeÏclearly€understood€that€this€conviction€would€lead€to€a€conviction€for€being€anÏhabitual€criminal€and€that€such€a€conviction€carries€a€life€sentence.€ÌÌà àTherefore,€this€issue€has€no€merit.ÌÌà àAs€for€the€issue€as€to€whether€the€plea€was€the€result€of€coercion€orÏœthreat,›€œthere›€is€clearly€no€evidence€to€support€such€a€conclusion.€€The€PetitionerÏessentially€begged€at€trial€to€be€allowed€to€plead€guilty.€€The€trial€court€advisedÏhim€to€go€to€trial,€but€the€Petitioner€still€wanted€to€plead€guilty.€€When€theÏPetitioner€brought€up€the€œthreats,›€he€was€unable€or€unwilling€to€be€specific€orÏgive€the€trial€judge€any€information€about€who€was€threatening€him.ÌÌà àAt€the€hearing€on€his€petition€for€œpost„conviction€relief,›€the€Petitioner€testifiedÏthat€his€attorney€told€him€that€the€Ku€Klux€Klan€wanted€to€do€something€to€himÏand€that€was€the€reason€he€œpleaded›€guilty.€€The€fact€that€the€victimððs€daughterÏworked€for€the€District€Attorneyððs€office€at€the€time€also€was€mentioned,€but€theÏPetitioner€insisted€that€this€fact€had€nothing€to€do€with€the€threats€he€wasÏspeaking€of.€€His€trial€attorney€testified€at€the€hearing€and€denied€that€he€hadÏpassed€on€any€threats€to€the€Petitioner.€€He€stated€that€he€œhad€had›€noÏdiscussion€with€the€Ku€Klux€Klan€and€that€he€could€not€remember€the€PetitionerÏmentioning€the€Ku€Klux€Klan€to€him€before€the€trial.€€He€testified€that€he€did€tellÏthe€Petitioner€about€the€victimððs€daughter.€€There€is€no€evidence€to€support€theÏPetitionerððs€œargument€concerning›€being€threatened€and€coerced€into€pleadingÏœguilty.€€Therefore,›€this€issue€is€without€merit.€€œÌÌà àThe›€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€œaffirmed.€€à àÌ›à àœÌÓÓà àà à›à àà àà à____________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌœJOHN€H.€PEAY,€JUDGE›ÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌœCORNELIA€A.€CLARK,€SPECIAL€JUDGE›