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A  B `   4  X \RA'\  !% . LEFD;+'h|` - `Lߛ@ INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE@ ATKNOXVILLE  JUNE1996SESSION  X ` <ӜCALVINSHAZEL, * Appellant, *  *VS.  *  *̜STATEOFTENNESSEE, * Appellee. *   ` h*  * ` X C.C.A.#03C019508CC00232ANDERSONCOUNTYHon.JamesB.Scott,Jr.,Judge(PostConvictionRelief)tForAppellant:KatherineJ.KroegerAssistantPublicDefenderOfficeofthePublicDefender101SouthMainStreetSuite450Clinton,TN37716ForAppellee:CharlesW.BursonAttorneyGeneral&ReporterEugeneJ.HoneaAssistantAttorneyGeneralCriminalJusticeDivision450JamesRobertsonParkwayNashville,TN37243JanHicksAssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral127AndersonCountyCourthouseClinton,TN37716OPINIONFILED:򀀀REVERSEDANDREMANDEDGARYR.WADE,Judge 73XXdXXd7@ OPINION   Thepetitioner,CalvinShazel,appealsthetrialcourt'sdenialofpostconvictionrelief.Twoissuesarepresentedforreview:(1)whetherthepetitionerreceivedtheeffectiveassistanceofcounsel,and(2)whetherthepetitionerwaivedhisrighttoseekpostconvictionrelief.  OnFebruary8,1991,thepetitionerpledguiltytoonecountofaggravatedrobberyofaSonicRestaurant.Accordingtothetermsofthepleaagreement,thepetitionerwastoserveeightyearsinthestatepenitentiaryasaRangeIstandardoffender;thepetitionerwastobegrantedahearingonthequestionofprobation.  Atthetimeoftheplea,thetrialcourtaskedthepetitioneraboutthepotentialpunishment:8 8 COURT:Usuallywhensomeonelikeyourselfcomesuphereandpleadstoaneightyearsentence,whileyougodowntothepenitentiaryandsomejailhouselawyerdowntherefilesapostconvictionwritsayingthattheattorneyisincompetent,thatyoudidn'tknowwhatyouweredoing,soIwanttomakesureyouunderstandthismorningwhatyouaredoinghere.Doyouunderstandthat?8 8 8 8 A:Yes,sir.8 8 COURT:Hasanyonethreatenedyouorpromisedyouanythinginordertogetyoutogiveupyourrightsasanaccused?8 8 A:No,sir.@ *** H4H1  8 8 COURT:Thisisoneofthemostseriouscrimesthatwehave.Justafewyearsagoyoucouldbeputtodeathforthis.Doyouunderstandthat?8 8 A:Yeah.@ ***8 8 8 8 COURT:Theminimumandmaximumpenalty?8 8 MS.HICKS:He'sgettingtheminimumwhichiseightyears.HewouldbeaRangeOne.@ ***  8 8 COURT:TheCourtfurtherfindsthatyouhaveknowinglyenteredintoaminimumsentencetoaggravatedrobberyandthatinthisregardletmemakesurethatyouunderstandwhatthatconsequencemeansinthispleaagreement.Youwillhaveaprobationhearing,butIcanassureyouthatyouwillprobablynotgetprobation.Youunderstandthat?8 8 A:Yes,sir.8 8 COURT:Youaregoneiswhatitamountsto.Youunderstandthat?8 8 A:Yes,sir.8 8 COURT:Knowingthat,itismyunderstandingyouwanttoenterthisplea?8 8 A:Yes,sir.@ ***8 8 MR.SAMS:WehadpreviouslytriedtoworkoutapleabargainwhereMr.Shazelwasgoingtoproviderestitutionbutwasunabletoborrowthemoneyfromrelativesbecauseofthetenuousnessofprobation....Heunderstandshemadeabigmistake.8 8  Attheprobationhearing,Ithinkwecanbringinsomegoodcharacterwitnessesandshowyousomerecentreform.8 8 COURT:Abigmistake....Idon'tknowwhatrestitutionplantheywouldhavegivenyou.ButyouarestillgoingtothepenitentiaryeventhoughbecausetakingaweaponandstickingupapublicplaceasfarasI'mconcernedissubjecttoapenitentiarysentenceregardless.(Emphasisadded).  Withintwoweeksoftheplea,thepetitioner'sattorneylearnedthatthepetitioner,whowouldhaveordinarilyqualifiedforprobationaryconsiderationwithasentenceofeightyearsorless,wasineligibleunderthespecifictermsofTenn.CodeAnn.4035303:8 8 (a)Adefendantshallbeeligibleforprobationundertheprovisionsofthischapterifthesentenceactuallyimposeduponsuchdefendantiseight(8)yearsorless;provided,thatadefendantshallnotbeeligibleforprobationundertheprovisionofthischapterifheisconvictedofaviolationof...3913402[aggravatedrobbery]....  Whenhistrialcounselnotifiedthepetitionerofhisdiscovery,heaskedifhecouldwithdrawhisplea.Counselimmediatelyfiledatimelymotiontosetasidetheguiltypleaandadvisedthepetitionerofthedateofthehearing.Beforethemotioncouldbeheard,thepetitionerfledthisjurisdictionwithoutpermissionandsecretlyresidedwithhisauntinsouthGeorgia.OnApril9,1991,uponlearningthatthepetitionerhadabscondedwithoutnotificationtohiscounsel,thetrialcourtappropriatelydeniedthemotiontosetasidetheguiltyplea.WhenthepetitionerwasreturnedtocustodyinJanuaryof1993,thetrialcourtenteredjudgmentandorderedserviceoftheeightyearsentence.   InFebruary1994,thepetitionerfiledthispetitionforpostconvictionrelief.Appointedcounselamendedthepetitionfourmonthslater.Attheevidentiaryhearing,thepetitionertestifiedthatheunderstoodhispleaagreementmightresultinaprobationarysentenceandthathewouldneverhaveenteredthepleahadheknownhewouldnotgetthatopportunity.Histrialcounseltestifiedthatprobationwasveryimportanttothepetitioner;herelatedthatthepetitionerwantedachancetoadmithismistakeandrequestasentencethatwouldbecomparabletothesentenceimposeduponhiscodefendant.Whileacknowledgingthatthepetitionerhadbeenpromisedahearingonprobation,thetrialcourtconcludedthatthelawineffectatthetimeoftheoffenseprecludedprobationconsideration;thetrialcourtdeterminedthatassoonastrialcounseldiscoveredhismistake,heactedasprudentlyaspossiblebyfilingatimelymotiontosetasidetheplea.Thetrialcourtruledthatbecausethepetitionerleftthejurisdictionbeforethehearingdate,themotiontosetasidethepleahadbeenabandonedandthatprobationhadproperlybeendenied.  Implicitinthetrialjudge'sfindingsisthatthepetitionerknewatthetimeofthepleathathehadverylittlechance,evenifthelawhadallowedit,foragrantofprobation.Consequently,thehearingmighthavebeenlittlemorethanaformality.Thus,thetrialcourtruledthatanymistakenadvicebytrialcounseldidnotresultinanyprejudice.  Thereiswellestablishedcaselawgoverningthisissue.Inordertobegrantedreliefonthegroundsofineffectiveassistanceofcounsel,thepetitionermustestablishthattheadvicegivenortheservicesrenderedwerenotwithintherangeofcompetencedemandedofattorneysincriminalcasesandthat,butforhiscounsel'sdeficientperformance,theresultofhistrialwouldhavebeendifferent.Stricklandv.Washington,466U.S.668,693(1984);Baxterv.Rose,523S.W.2d930,936(Tenn.1975).Thistwopartstandard,asitappliestoguiltypleas,ismetwhenthepetitionerestablishesthat,butforhiscounsel'serrororerrors,hewouldnothavepledguiltyandwouldhaveinsistedonhisrighttotrial.Hillv.Lockhart,474U.S.52,53(1985).  Theburden,ofcourse,isonthepostconvictionpetitionertoshowthattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthefindingsmadeattheconclusionofthehearingbythetrialjudge.Clennyv.State,576S.W.2d12,14(Tenn.Crim.App.1978),cert.denied,441U.S.947(1979).Otherwise,findingsoffactmadebythetrialcourtarebindingonthiscourt.Gravesv.State,512S.W.2d603,604(Tenn.Crim.App.1973).   Onfirstimpression,itwouldappearthatthepetitioner,becausehefledthejurisdiction,gotexactlywhathedeserved.Frankly,thatisthesentimentofthiscourt.Moreover,thetrialcourtfoundthattheperformanceofcounselwasnotbelowthestandardsguaranteedbythestateandfederalconstitutions.Ontheotherhand,therecordclearlydemonstratesthatthepetitionerenteredhispleabaseduponhishopeforprobation.Histrialcounselwassimplyunawarethatanaggravatedrobberyconvictionprecludedthatpossibility.Neitherthestatenorthetrialcourtwereawareofthestatutorypreclusionfortheoffenseofaggravatedrobbery.Certainlythepetitionerdidnotknowthat.Hadhistrialcounseltakenthetimetoreviewboththeaggravatedrobberyandprobationstatutes,hewouldhavelearnedthatthepetitionerwasnotevenentitledtoahearingontheclaim.Therecordestablishesthatthepleawasbasedprimarilyuponhisopportunitytopleadforprobation.Baseduponthat,ourinevitableconclusionisthattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthefindingsofthetrialcourt;thatis,trialcounselwasdeficientforhavingfailedtoaccuratelyresearchtheapplicablelaw.̀  Thatisnot,however,adeterminationonthequestionofwhetherthisconvictionmustbesetaside.Onceithasbeenestablishedthattherewasadeficiencyinperformance,thepetitionermustthendemonstratethathewouldnothaveenteredhisguiltypleaabsentthatomissioninduty.Hillv.Lockhart,474U.S.at53.Boththepetitionerandhistrialcounseltestifiedattheevidentiaryhearingthatthepetitionerwouldnothaveenteredthepleahadtheyknownthelawabsolutelyprecludedthegrantofprobation.Nowitnessrefutedthat.Thusthereissimplynoevidenceinthisrecordtoindicatethathewouldhaveenteredhispleaanyway.  Therulingofthetrialcourtisperfectlyunderstandable.Beforethepleawasentered,thetrialcourtwarnedthepetitionerthathewouldnotlikelyreceiveprobation.Thetranscriptofthesubmissionhearingmadeitclearthatthehearingwouldbelittlemorethanamereformality.Thepetitionerevenacknowledgedhisslimchanceforrelief.  Atrialisapreciousrighttowaiveevenintheworstofcircumstances.Here,thepetitionerhadacknowledgedthathehadaproblemfindingwitnessestotestifyinhisbehalf.Amotiontosuppresshisconfessionandotherincriminatingstatementshadbeenoverruled.Physicalevidencelinkedhimtothecrime.Thecodefendantimplicatedthepetitioner.Trialcounseltestifiedthathisclientunderstoodthat"hecouldn'tdobetterthanthat[pleaagreement]attrialandthat...itwouldbeanaberrantjurythatcamebackwithanotguiltyverdictunderthosecircumstances...."Whilethesefactsmaymakeitclearthatthepetitioner'sbestchoicemayhavebeentoentertheguiltypleaandsecuretheminimumsentencewithintherange,itisequallyclearthatthepetitionerhadbeenadvisedthatprobationwasapossibility.Therecorddemonstratesthathewouldnothaveenteredhispleaabsentthemisadviceofhistrialcounsel.TheruleinHillmustprevail.  Thetrialcourtfoundthatthepetitionerwaivedhisrightstopostconvictionreliefbyabsconding.Thatistrueasitappliestoadelayedappeal;thatremedyisnotavailabletoaconvictedfelonwho,byhisescape,hasabandonedhisrighttodirectappeal.Brownv.State,537S.W.2d719(Tenn.Crim.App.1975).WethinktheBrownrulewouldapplytothemotiontowithdrawtheguiltyplea;inourassessment,thetrialcourtproperlyruledthatthemotionhadbeenabandoned.Thus,Brownwouldhavepreventedthepetitionerfrompursuinganydirectappeal,delayedorotherwise.  Becauseapetitionerescapedwhilehisdirectappealwaspendingdoesnotmeanthathehasforeverwaivedhisentitlementtoreviewhisconviction.Underourcurrentlaw,onewhofleesthejurisdictionandislatercaptureddoesnotwaive"allrightstosolicitpostconvictionrelief."Frenchv.State,824S.W.2d161,162(Tenn.1992).Onlythoseconvictedfelonsstillonescapestatusarebarredfromseekingrelief;thepostconvictionprocedureisavailabletothosewhohavebeenreturnedtocustody.Andersonv.State,835S.W.2d40,42(Tenn.Crim.App.1992).  TherationaleofFrenchandAndersonthusentitlethepetitionertopostconvictionreview.Oncetheproceduralremedyhasbeenestablishedasavailable,thesubstantivelawontheclaimofineffectivecounselapplies.Whenandifconvictedofthisoffense,thepetitionermayultimatelywarrantasentencegreaterthantheeightyears.Hisopportunityforapleaagreementmaybeforeverlost.Hemaylaterregretthathesoughtpostconvictionrelief.Yetthejudgmentmustbereversedandtheconvictionmustbesetaside.Thecauseisremandedfortrialontheoriginalindictment.      __________________________________      GaryR.Wade,JudgeCONCUR:_____________________________JoeB.Jones,PresidingJudge_____________________________PaulG.Summers,Judge 4   Ҝ̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛̛@ INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE@ ATKNOXVILLE  JUNE1996SESSION  X ` <CALVINSHAZEL, * Appellant, *  *VS.  *  *STATEOFTENNESSEE, * Appellee. *   ` h*  * ` X C.C.A.#03C019508CC00232ANDERSONCOUNTYHon.JamesB.Scott,Jr.,Judge̜JEG;+'b|`` - `@Jߛ(PostConvictionRelief)    DISSENTINGOPINION Irespectfullydissentfromthemajority.Iwouldaffirmthetrialcourtsdenialofpostconvictionrelief. Whentheappellantstriallawyerfoundoutthathehadmadeamistakeregardingprobationaryconsideration,hetimelyfiledamotiontosetasidetheguiltypleaandadvisedtheappellantofthehearingdate.Theappellantthenfledthejurisdictionandwasgoneforoverayearandahalfuntilhewasreturnedtocustody.Whenthetrialcourtlearnedthattheappellanthadabscondedwithoutnotificationtohislawyer,thejudgeappropriatelydeniedthemotiontosetasidetheguiltyplea.ThosefactsareimportanttothewayIwoulddecidethiscase. Idonotbelievethatthetrialcourtheldthattheappellantcouldnotpursuepostconvictionreliefbecausehehadabsconded.Theappellantsvoluntaryfailuretoappearandpursuetheremedyofhavinghisguiltypleasetasidemeanstomethattheappellantsclaimswereeitherwaivedorpreviouslydetermined.ThetrialcourtwasprecludedfromhearingthoseclaimspursuanttothePostConvictionProcedureAct.Tenn.CodeAnn.4030111&112(1990Repl.).Thetrialcourtneverheldthattheappellantcouldnotpursuepostconvictionreliefbecausehehadabsconded.Thecourtheldthathewasnotentitledtothereliefrequestedbecausehehadabsconded,andhismotiontosetasidethepleawasdenied.Thisdenialamountedtoawaiveroftheremedythattheapp  ellanthadarighttopursuebutdidnotbecausehewasinafugitivestatus. Thebottomlineisthattheappellantwantstohavehisguiltypleasetaside.Thepostconvictioncourtcorrectlydetermined,inmyview,thatanyprejudicethatmighthaveresultedfromthelawyersallegeddefectiveperformancecouldhavebeencuredatthehearingonthemotiontosetasidetheplea.Itisnotthefaultofcounsel,thetrialcourt,orthisCourtthattheappellantchosetoflee.Thatwastheappellantsproblem.Whentheappellantfled,hewaivedhisgroundforreliefbecausehefailedtopresentaclaimina proceedingbeforeacourtofcompetentjurisdictioninwhichthegroundcouldhavebeenpresented.Tenn.CodeAnn.4030112(b)(1). Iftheappellantsufferedprejudice,itwasbecausehedidnotstayaroundtohearthemotion.MaybeifinsteadoffleeingtohisauntshomeinsouthGeorgia,heshouldhavecometocourttoseewhetherthetrialjudgewouldhaveallowedhimtowithdrawhisplea.Buthechosenottodoso.Thatwashisprerogative. Forthesereasons,Irespectfullydissentandwoulddenyrelieffortheappellant.      ________________________________      PAULG.SUMMERS,JudgeAAԛ