ÿWPC  …UBV %˜U .ž 0CÌn 04" V w@^ 4ž 0J² 0Tü 0^P 0h® 0r 0|ˆ 0† 0Š 1u 0dU6óB))DCR B• AM²íÿ¸ìv~¤vÓ" D3õ 0@( AOhÆ· 0D} D/Á Bð<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiX%ä2¼A`ArialTT(ÿÿ$òòÚ  ÚÚ  Úóó3|xž«<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiXXxþ6X@ÉQX@%ä2¼A`ArialTTt10cpiXXXä2¼P±QXP%ä2¼A`ArialTTt10cpi„„…ä2¼P±Q„P( ¤T$¡¡Ó  Ó ŠD‹DŒDPŽUVD‘E’“Ó€·‚^!2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d""""7Border 1dd d€-#Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ãÝ ƒ !ÝÔ€!ÔÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€XÔÌÌò òDecember€30,€1996ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó ®Ý ƒ !ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€!ÔÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓ  Óà àÔ€Ôòò1óóThis€is€the€second€appeal€in€this€case.€€This€Court€reversed€the€judgments€ofÏthe€trial€court€and€remanded€this€case€for€a€new€sentencing€hearing.€€òòRobert€EugeneÏSkyles€v.€Stateóó,€Hamilton€County€No.€03„C„01„9309„CR„00299€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,ÏKnoxville,€October€5,€1994).ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò$$$$'ÿÿdxd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ !ÝÔ . ÔÔ€!ÔÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÙ€€ÙÓ  ÓÔ€ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑßR€%&#A1-j|` Å `€€@ÿRßÞ ÞÌIN›€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAT€KNOXVILLEÌÌJUNE€1996€SESSIONÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà àAPPELLEE,à àà àà à)à àNo.€03„C„01„9508„CR„00223Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àHamilton€CountyÌv.à àà àà àà àà àà à)€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àDouglas€A.€Meyer,€JudgeÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)à à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌROBERT€EUGENE€SKYLES,à àà à)à à(Sentencing)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àAPPELLANT.à àà à)ÌÌÓÓÌFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à àà àà àà àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:ÌÓÓDonna€R.€Millerà àà àà àà àà àCharles€W.€BursonÌAssistant€Public€Defenderà àà àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌ701€Cherry€Street,€Suite€300à àà àà à500€Charlotte€AvenueÌChattanooga,€TN€37402à àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0497ÌÌOF€COUNSEL:à àà àà àà àà àDarian€B.€TaylorÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌArdena€J.€Garthà àà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌDistrict€Public€Defenderà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493Ì701€Cherry€Street,€Suite€300ÌChattanooga,€TN€37402à àà àà àà àGary€D.€GerbitzÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à600€Market€StreetÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àChattanooga,€TN€37402Ìà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àH.€C.€BrightÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à600€Market€StreetÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àChattanooga,€TN€37402ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àRodney€StrongÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à600€Market€StreetÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àChattanooga,€TN€37402ÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€________________________________ÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌJoe€B.€Jones,€Presiding€JudgeÌÓ  ÓÔ€ ÔO€P€I€N€I€O€NÔ€„Ôò òÌÑ7€WƒXXdÈXXdÈ7ÑÓ  ÓÔ€XÔÌÌÌÓÓà àó óThe€appellant,€Robert€Eugene€Skyles,€was€convicted€of€vehicular€homicide,€aÏClass€C€felony,€leaving€the€scene€of€an€accident,€a€Class€A€misdemeanor,€and€drivingÏwhile€license€suspended,€a€Class€B€misdemeanor,€after€pleading€guilty€to€theseÏoffenses.× ƒ' ××  ×€€The€trial€court€found€the€appellant€to€be€a€standard€offender€and€imposed€aÏRange€I€sentence€consisting€of€confinement€for€three€(3)€years€for€vehicular€homicide.€ÏThe€trial€court€sentenced€the€appellant€to€confinement€for€eleven€months€and€twenty„nine€days€for€leaving€the€scene€of€an€accident,€and€confinement€for€six€months€forÏdriving€while€license€suspended.€€The€trial€court€ordered€all€three€sentences€to€beÏserved€in€the€Hamilton€County€Workhouse.€€€The€appellant€is€required€to€serve€elevenÏmonths€and€twenty„nine€days€in€the€vehicular€homicide€case€with€the€balance€of€theÍsentence€suspended.€€The€appellant€will€be€required€to€serve€a€period€of€two€years€onÏprobation.€€In€this€Court,€the€appellant€contends€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€byÏfailing€to€suspend€the€entire€sentence€or€œgrant›€the€appellant€a€community€correctionsÏsentence€for€the€entire€sentence.€€After€a€thorough€review€of€the€record,€the€briefsÏsubmitted€by€the€parties,€and€the€law€which€governs€the€issue,€it€is€the€opinion€of€thisÏCourt€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€should€be€affirmed.Ìà àOn€the€evening€of€March€27,€1992,€Verdell€Pryor€was€walking€on€CentralÏAvenue€in€Chattanooga.€€He€had€a€beer€in€his€hand€and€staggered€as€he€walked.€€TheÏappellant,€Robert€Eugene€Skyles,€was€driving€down€Central€Avenue€and€struck€PryorÏin€front€of€Frankððs€Superette.€€€à àÌà àThe€appellant€did€not€stop€at€the€scene€of€the€accident.€€Pryorððs€body€wasÏdragged€several€blocks€and€across€a€set€of€railroad€tracks€before€it€became€dislodgedÏfrom€the€appellantððs€truck.€€Pryorððs€body€left€a€trail€of€blood€691€feet€long.€€€TheÏappellantððs€license€was€suspended€at€the€time€of€the€accident.€€He€had€been€illegallyÏdriving€to€work€daily,€and€he€drove€his€employerððs€truck€daily.Ìà àThe€appellant€testified€at€the€sentencing€hearing€he€believed€his€truck€struck€aÏbox€near€Frankððs€Superette.€€He€was€completely€unaware€he€had€injured€a€humanÏbeing.€€The€appellant€returned€to€his€home,€turned€on€the€television,€and€learned€of€Mr.ÏPryorððs€demise€as€he€watched€the€evening€news.€€At€that€point,€the€appellant€testifiedÏhe€first€realized€his€involvement€in€the€death.€€He€did€not€admit€his€responsibility€toÏanyone€because€he€œclaimed›€he€ð ðwas€too€scared€to€say€anything.ðð€€€There€was€noÏevidence€that€the€appellant€was€intoxicated€the€night€of€the€accident,€though€heÏadmitted€he€had€one€beer€at€10€oððclock€that€morning.Ìà àA€month€after€the€accident,€the€police€arrested€the€appellant.€€According€to€hisÏuncontradicted€testimony,€he€was€cooperative,€showed€the€police€his€vehicle,€andÏagreed€to€testify€against€his€passenger,€if€necessary.€€The€appellant€offered€the€policeÏa€different€version€of€the€events€than€he€presented€at€the€sentencing€hearing.€€TheÏappellant€told€Officer€Simpson€that€as€he€approached€Frankððs€Superette,€he€looked€inÏthe€rear€view€mirror€to€see€the€traffic€behind€him€and€when€he€again€observed€the€on„coming€traffic,€he€saw€someone€in€the€street€and€hit€him.Ìà àSince€the€accident,€the€appellant€has€neither€driven€nor€had€anything€to€drinkÏand€has€volunteered€with€many€organizations€such€as€Habitat€for€Humanity€andÏCommunity€Kitchen.€€He€testified€he€thinks€about€the€victim€every€day€and€feels€that€heÏlives€in€a€prison€of€his€own.€Ìà àThe€trial€court€found€that€confinement€was€necessary€to€prevent€depreciatingÏthe€seriousness€of€the€offense.€€Ìà àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€manner€of€serving€a€sentence,€it€is€the€duty€ofÏthis€Court€to€conduct€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€on€the€record€with€a€presumption€that€ð ðtheÏdeterminations€made€by€the€court€from€which€the€appeal€is€taken€are€correct.ðð€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€€ðð€40„35„401(d).€€However,€there€are€exceptions€to€this€requirement.€€First,Ïthe€requirement€that€this€Court€presume€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€areÏcorrect€is€ð ðconditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€courtÏconsidered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.ðð€€òòStateÏv.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€Second,€the€presumption€does€notÏapply€to€the€legal€conclusions€reached€by€the€trial€court€in€sentencing€the€accused.€ÏThird,€the€presumption€does€not€apply€when€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€courtÍare€predicated€upon€uncontroverted€facts.Ìà àAn€accused€who€raises€sentencing€issues€in€this€Court€has€the€burden€ofÏestablishing€that€the€sentence€imposed€by€the€trial€court€was€erroneous.€€SentencingÏCommission€Comments€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€40„35„401(d);€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823ÏS.W.2d€at€169;€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785,€786€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).Ìà àIf€an€accused€has€been€convicted€of€a€Class€C,€D€or€E€felony€and€sentenced€asÏan€especially€mitigated€or€standard€offender,€there€is€a€presumption,€rebuttable€inÏnature,€that€the€accused€is€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing€unlessÏdisqualified€by€statute.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€40„35„102€provides€in€part:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 à(5)€In€recognition€that€state€prison€capacities€and€the€fundsÏto€build€and€maintain€them€are€limited,€convicted€felonsÏcommitting€the€most€severe€offenses,€possessing€criminalÏhistories€evincing€a€clear€disregard€for€the€laws€and€moralsÏof€society,€and€evincing€failure€of€past€efforts€atÏrehabilitation€shall€be€given€first€priority€regardingÏsentencing€involving€incarceration.ÌÌà8 àà8 à(6)€A€defendant€who€does€not€fall€within€the€parameters€ofÏsubdivision€(5)€and€is€an€especially€mitigated€or€standardÏoffender€convicted€of€a€Class€C,€D,€or€E€felony€is€presumedÏto€be€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencingÏoptions€in€the€absence€of€evidence€to€the€contrary.ÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€sentencing€process€must€necessarily€commence€with€a€determination€ofÏwhether€the€accused€is€entitled€to€the€benefit€of€the€presumption.€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823ÏS.W.2d€at€169.€€As€the€Supreme€Court€said€in€òòAshbyóó:€ð ðIf€the€determination€is€favorableÏto€the€defendant,€the€trial€court€must€presume€that€he€is€subject€to€alternativeÏsentencing.€€If€the€court€is€presented€with€evidence€sufficient€to€overcome€theÏpresumption,€then€it€may€sentence€the€defendant€according€to€the€statutoryÍprovisions.ðð€€823€S.W.2d€at€169.€€The€presumption€can€be€successfully€rebutted€byÏfacts€contained€in€the€presentence€report,€evidence€presented€by€the€state,€theÏtestimony€of€the€accused€or€a€defense€witness,€or€any€other€source€provided€it€is€madeÏa€part€of€the€record.Ìà àThe€accused€was€entitled€to€the€presumption€that€he€was€a€favorable€candidateÏfor€alternative€sentencing.Ì€à àProbation€is€a€privilege€or€act€of€grace€which€may€be€granted€to€an€accusedÏwho€is€eligible€and€worthy€of€this€largesse.€€òòStiller€v.€Stateóó,€516€S.W.2d€617€(Tenn.Ï1974).€€An€accused€is€eligible€for€probation€if€the€sentence€actually€imposed€is€eightÏ(8)€years€or€less,€unless€the€accused€stands€convicted€of€(a)€manufacturing,€delivering,Ïselling€or€possessing€with€the€intent€to€manufacture,€deliver€or€sell€a€Schedule€I€drug,ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„417(b),€(b)€manufacturing,€delivering,€selling€or€possessingÏwith€the€intent€to€manufacture,€deliver€or€sell€certain€quantities€of€illicit€narcotics,€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€39„17„417(I),€(c)€aggravated€kidnapping,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„304,Ï(d)€aggravated€robbery,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„402,€or€(e)€aggravated€sexualÏbattery,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„504.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„303(a).€In€theÏcase€òòsubóó€òòjudiceóó,€the€appellant€was€eligible€for€probation€for€the€offense€of€vehicularÏhomicide.€The€sentence€imposed€was€three€(3)€years€and€the€offense€in€question€isÏnot€one€of€the€enumerated€offenses.€Ìà àThe€defendant€has€the€burden€of€establishing€suitability€for€full€probation,€evenÏwhere€the€defendant€is€entitled€to€the€statutory€presumption€of€alternative€sentencing.€ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€40„35„303(b);€òòState€v.€Binghamóó,€910€S.W.2d€448,€455€(Tenn.ÏCrim.€App.€1995).€€In€determining€whether€an€accused€should€be€granted€probation,Íthe€trial€court€and€this€Court€must€consider€and€weigh€all€of€the€òòStilleróó€factors.€€òòState€v.ÏMichaelóó,€629€S.W.2d€13,€15€(Tenn.€1982);€òòFranks€v.€Stateóó,€543€S.W.2d€613,€615Ï(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1976).€The€òòStilleróó€factors€include€the€accused's€criminal€record,Ïsocial€history,€present€physical€and€mental€condition,€the€circumstances€of€the€offense,Ïthe€deterrent€effect€upon€the€criminal€activity€of€the€accused€as€well€as€others,€and€theÏaccused's€potential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment€in€determining€whether€the€accusedÏshould€prevail.€€òòStiller€v.€Stateóó,€516€S.W.2d€at€620.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40„35„103(5);€òòState€v.€Dykesóó,€803€S.W.2d€250,€259€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).€€InÏaddition,€there€are€other€factors€which€a€trial€court€may€consider€in€refusing€to€suspendÏall€or€a€portion€of€an€accused's€sentence.€Ìà àIn€the€case€òòsubóó€òòjudiceóó,€the€trial€court€was€justified€in€refusing€the€appellant€fullÏprobation.€€ð ðDenial€of€probation€may€be€based€solely€upon€the€circumstances€of€theÏoffense€when€they€are€of€such€a€nature€as€to€outweigh€all€other€factors€favoringÏprobation.ðð€€òòState€v.€Binghamóó,€910€S.W.2d€at€456;€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785,Ï788„89€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€The€appellant€claimed€to€be€unaware€that€the€victimÏwas€dragged€beneath€his€truck€for€several€blocks.€€He€claimed€he€mistook€the€victimððsÏbody€for€a€box€that€would€do€no€harm€to€his€truck;€he€claimed€to€have€no€indication€thatÏhe€had€struck€anything€other€than€an€inanimate€object.€€Remarkably,€when€he€watchedÏthe€news€and€learned€of€the€victimððs€unpleasant€demise,€he€immediately€realized€heÏhad€killed€a€human€being€a€few€hours€earlier.€€The€appellant€still€made€no€effort€toÏaccept€responsibility€or€explain€his€allegedly€mistaken€belief.€€He€admittedÏinvolvement€only€when€the€police€came€to€arrest€him€for€the€crime€of€vehicularÏhomicide,€thirty€days€after€the€incident.€€Ìà àThe€appellant€was€previously€convicted€of€driving€while€intoxicated€and€drivingÏwith€a€suspended€license.€€The€State€of€Georgia€had€suspended€the€appellantððsÏlicense€when€he€failed€to€report€an€accident.€€Ìà àThe€appellant€was€given€a€form€of€alternative€sentencing,€namely,€splitÏconfinement.€€In€light€of€the€facts€of€the€offense,€the€appellantððs€criminal€record,€and€hisÏfailure€to€obey€a€prior€court€order€not€to€drive€a€motor€vehicle,€the€appellant€did€notÏdemonstrate€his€suitability€for€full€probation.€Ìà àThe€appellant€is€statutorily€ineligible€for€a€community€corrections€sentence.€€AÏdefendant€who€is€convicted€of€a€crime€against€the€person€as€set€out€in€parts€oneÏthough€five€of€chapter€39,€title€13€of€the€Tennessee€Code€is€ineligible€for€such€anÏalternative€sentence.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€40„36„106(a)(2);€òòState€v.€Meeksóó,€779ÏS.W.2d€394,€397„98€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1988).€€The€appellantÏstands€convicted€of€vehicular€homicide,€which€is€such€a€crime€against€the€person.€ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€39„13„213;€òòState€v.€Goinsóó,€Hamblen€County€No.€336€(Tenn.€Crim.ÏApp.,€Knoxville,€April€11,€1991),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1991).€€€€ÌÌœÓÓÌÌ›à àà àà àà àà àà à________________________________________Ìœà à›à àà àà àà àà à€€€€€€€JOE€B.€JONES,€PRESIDING€JUDGEÌœÇCONCUR:›ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________Ìà à€€GARY€R.€WADE,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌ___________________________________Ìà àPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JUDGE