WPC a%3YwV+]o$ZөA_2 zИ8*o ač3j$y*hO1tƪAnPy*Op\_  XG@)p2+=; hitkg .#mܸϜ=1W:]%J*!_e˳!?ᰓKϤ/k` "ܪk 'm T6*>0UFG! gP?9>_+T,/eﱝ-ˀ"$QOg7 rrpL@ $$@<-z 9gu ubȊitD [U"eݽ_8kܪ!)A<VPFCFAaTJ՘Z {!+p煵԰PRfHg(H# F UNQ % 0( 4  U': U#:* bd El N w@    m  07 0DU:U:)))))))))))))) Bcccccc D3 0D AOFF 0D  D/P BHP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLh(9 Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($uM% @ d3|xW,cAZ"Arial Regular,rAZ"Arial Regular- - ;  #Xd#   EFeG eH PIJKeLPMNӀ U  0$4   1    XWXXԀInorderingconsecutivesentencing,thetrialjudgestated: Imgoingtoorderthatthis  sentencebeservedconsecutivetothetwelveyearsentence[fortheappellantsprioroffense]intheeventtheprobationisrevoked....ThecourtismakingthatrulingundertheT.C.A.4035103sentencingconsiderations.Thatstatutestatesthegeneralsentencingconsiderations,asopposedto4035115whichdirectlyauthorizesconsecutivesentencinguponcertainfindings.Wenote,however,thatatleastoneofthetrialcourtsfindingsunder4035103wouldalsoauthorizeconsecutivesentencingunder4035115(2): One,thecourtfeelsthatconfinementisnecessarytoprotectsocietybyrestrainingthisdefendantwhohasalonghistoryofcriminalconduct.(emphasis  @ added).#X]XXWb#(;(20$ !  4   0  (#$  0   XXXX-,XX   Ad FILEDXX-,  December11,1998CecilW.CrowsonAppellateCourtClerkdAM ,cAZ"Arial Regular,  AZ"Arial Regular d$$$$'dxd(3$ !  -C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd !  GGGFFGFF4XXXXTR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T H   _Nr*<,(j 8` `@E` 8ttxP,  rߛNINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  ATNASHVILLEOCTOBER1998SESSION  `   4X 474STATEOFTENNESSEE, 7 )    4 747  7 )C.C.A.No.01C019709CC00404 Appellee, 7 )     7 )GilesCountyV. 7 ) n    7 )HonorableJimT.Hamilton,Judge  T    7 )  : KEITHLAMONTSMITH,  7 )(Burglary)  p   7 ) Appellant. 7 ) B 4c4 FORTHEAPPELLANT: c FORTHEAPPELLEE: p HershellD.Koger c JohnKnoxWalkup < FF#XXXXb#XXXXAttorneyatLawFF c AttorneyGeneral&Reporter "r FF131NorthFirstStreet#XXXX#XXXXFF X FF#XXXX9#XXXXP.O.Box1148FF c ElizabethB.FFGFFGGGMarneyGGGFFG#XXXX#XXXX > GFFGGGPulaskiGGGFFG,TN38478 c AssistantFFAttorneyGeneral $  c FF425FifthAvenueNorthFF c Nashville,TN372430493 c MikeBottoms c DistrictAttorneyGeneral c StellaHargrove c RichardDunavant c AssistantDistrictAttorneysGeneral c P.O.Box304 c Pulaski,TN38478 c  c OPINIONFILED:___________________FF AFFIRMED ~4/5 FFFFPAULFFG.SUMMERS,  V617 Judge#XXXXj# XXXX   4 D4c  FF̜FFH @ HH @ HH @ HHHNH H  7XXdXXd7    H  #Xd#    HNH ;(7=  H  7XXdXXd7   HNH H  78XXdXXd7   HN @ OPINION   H H  78XXdXXd7   H 4 4 DH H  78XXdXXd7   H XXXXWhileservingprobationforanunrelatedprioroffense,theappellant,Keith h LamontSmith,wasconvictedofburglarybyajuryoftheGilesCountyCircuitCourt.Hewassentencedasapersistentoffenderto#XXXXk#______________XXXXtheRangeIIImaximumof  P twelveyearsconfinement,withhissentencetorunNNKKconIsecutivelIJyJIcurrentlyIKKKKMtoMMwithManyrevocationofhisprobation.Onthisappealasofright,theappellantarguesthathissentenceisexcessiveandthatthetrialcourterredinorderingconsecutivesentencing.Findingnoreversibleerror,weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt. #XXXXq#XXXXFollowingaseriesofbreakinsattheCocaColabottlingplantinPulaski,  Tennessee,thelocalpoliceinstalledmotiondetectorsandremotealarmsthroughouttheplant.Inthecourseofburglarizingtheplant,#XXXX#XXXXԀtheappellanttripped ` oneofthesealarms.ThreePulaskipoliceofficersrespondedtothealarmandobservedtheappellantfleeingfromtheplant.Theofficerspursuedtheappellantandultimatelyapprehendedhimfromatrashdumpsterwherehewasattemptingtohide. Theappellantwasindictedfortheburglaryinwhichhewasapprehended,twopriorburglariesofthebottlingplant,andthreecorrespondingcountsoftheft.Thestatesubsequentlyenteredanolleprosequitothefinalchargeoftheft.#XXXX#XXXXThe '#' appellantwastried,andthejuryreturnedverdictsofguiltyontheburglaryinwhichhewasapprehendedandnotguiltyonallremainingcharges.#XXXX3#XXXX X+&+   Atthesentencinghearing,thestatesubmittedproofofatleastsixpriorfelonyconvictionsoftheappellant.Basedontheseconvictions,thetrialcourtfoundtheappellanttobeapersistentoffender.SeeT.C.A.4035107.Thetrial 2-3 courtalsofoundapplicablethefollowingfivestatutorysentencingenhancementfactors:  44ӜL LMML 7<39 L (1)Thedefendanthasaprevioushistoryofcriminalconvictionsorcriminalbehaviorinadditiontothosenecessarytoestablishtheappropriaterange;  (2)Thedefendantwasaleaderinthecommissionofanoffenseinvolvingtwo(2)ormorecriminalactors; (8)Thedefendanthasaprevioushistoryofunwillingnesstocomplywiththeconditionsofasentenceinvolvingreleaseinthecommunity; (10)Thedefendanthadnohesitationaboutcommittingacrimewhentherisktohumanlikewashigh; (13)Thefelonywascommittedwhileonanyofthefollowingformsofreleasestatusifsuchreleaseisfromapriorfelonyconviction:...Probation....#XXXXT#XXXXԀ x  4 4+T.C.A.4035114(1),(2),(8),(10),(13).#XXXXw#XXXXԀTheappellantprofferedtwomitigating *z  factors,bothofwhichthetrialcourtrejected: 44 (1)Thedefendantscriminalconductneithercausednorthreatenedseriousbodilyinjury; (11)Thedefendant,althoughguiltyofthecrime,committedtheoffenseundersuchunusualcircumstancesthatitisunlikelythatFFasustainedFFintenttoviolatethelawmotivatedthecriminalconduct.4 4ӀT.C.A.4035113(1),(11).Pursuanttothesefindings,thetrialcourtsentencedtheappellanttothemaximumRangeIIIsentenceoftwelveyears.#XXXX9#XXXX #XXXXB#XXXXTheappellantarguesthatthissentenceisexcessive.Hedoesnot V"! challengetheapplicabilityofenhancementfactors(1),(8),or(13)orthecourtsrejectionofmitigatingfactor(11).Hedoes,however,arguethatthetrialcourterredinapplyingenhancementfactors(2)and(10)andindecliningtoapplymitigationfactor(1). #XXXX#XXXX Whenanaccusedchallengesthelengthormannerofserviceofasentence,itisthedutyofthisCourttoconductadenovoreviewontherecord .:*/  withapresumptionthatthedeterminationsmadebythecourtfromwhichtheappealistakenarecorrect.T.C.A.4035401(d).Thispresumption isconditionedupontheaffirmativeshowingintherecordthatthetrialcourtconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsandcircumstances. Statev.Ashby,823S.W.2d166,169(Tenn.1991).Theappellantcarriesthe 7639 burdenofshowingthathissentenceisimproper.See#XXXXE!#XXXXԀ#XXXX0$#XXXXStatev.Jernigan,929  S.W.2d391,395(Tenn.Crim.App.1996).#XXXXs$#XXXXԀ#XXXX%#XXXX |   Theappellantfirstchallengesthetrialcourtsfindingthattheappellanthadnohesitationaboutcommittingacrimewhentherisktohumanlifewashigh.SeeT.C.A.4035114(10).Thetrialcourtstateditsbasisforapplyingthis `  enhancementasfollows: 44Althoughthisconvictiondidnotinvolveaweaponoranyfightoranybodilyinjury,anytimethatthepolicehavetoanswertoacallsuchasthat[i.e.,abuildingalarmFFaCtCDBTBDEEnightFFandtheapprehensionofafleeingfelon]thereisariskofsomebodilyinjuryalthoughIllhavetoagreewithcounselthattherewasnoproofinthiscasethattherewasaweaponinvolved.4 %4%% Toupholdthisenhancementonsuchreasoningwouldimplicatesentenceenhancementinvirtuallyeveryinstancethatpolicearecalledupontorespondtoacrimeorapprehendadefendant,withnoregardforthecharacterofthecrimeorcircumstances.#XWXXXW#$#XWXXXWWedonotbelievethatthelegislatureintendedsucharesult. @ Thus,wefindthisbasisforimposingtheenhancementtobeoverlybroad.Moreover,theenhancementisunsupportedbytheevidence.Thetrialcourtsfindingssimplydonotamounttoahighrisktohumanlifeabsentproofofsomeadditionalcircumstance.We,therefore,findthisissueinfavoroftheappellant.#XWXXXW(#XWXXXW p&!$  Theappellantnextarguesthatthetrialcourterredinfindinghimtobetheleaderofanoffenseinvolvingtwoofmoreactors.The#XWXXXW*#XWXXXWԀappellantarguesthat no ,`'* evidencewaspresentedattrialorsentencingindicatingthatanyoneelsewaschargedinconnectionwiththiscrime.(emphasisadded).Whilethisappearsto / +. beaccurate,theenhancementstatutedoesnotrequirethatmultipleoffendersbechargedonlythattherebemultipleoffendersandthatthedefendantbealeader.Thestateintroducedsuchevidence.Forexample,inhisoriginalstatementtothepolice,theappellantimplicatedtwoadditionalpersonsintheseriesofburglariesand,moreimportantly,namedoneotherwhowasinvolvedin 0948 theburglaryforwhichhewasconvicted.#XWXXXW+#XWXXXWԀHetestifiedattrialthatanotherperson  providedinformationonhowtogainentrancetothebottlingplant,thereby#XWXXXW.#XWXXXWԀfurther  indicatingthatadditionalcriminal#XWXXXWY/#XWXXXWԀactorswereinvolved#XWXXXW/#XWXXXW.Theappellantcandidly p admittedthattheideafortheburglarywashis.And,#XWXXXW20#XWXXXWhisadmissionthathe P  arrangedsalesandtookadvanceordersforthedrinksthatheintendedtostealsupportstheconclusionthatheorchestratedthecrime.Thetrialjudge,therefore,hadampleevidenceuponwhichtobasethisenhancement;andwefindnoabuseofdiscretioninhisdecision. Nevertheless,theappellantfurtherarguesthat#XWXXXW0#XWXXXWԀbecausethetrialcourtdid  notrecordfindingstosupportthisenhancementduringthesentencingphase,theenhancementshouldnotbeapplied.Whilethefailuretoenterfindingsontherecordnegatesthepresumptionofcorrectnessotherwiseaccordedtothetrialcourt,itdoesnot,astheappellantseemstoargue,precludeapplicationoftheenhancement.Pursuanttoour#XWXXXW2#XWXXXWdenovoreview,wefindtheabovenoted @ evidencesufficienttoconcludethattheoffenseinvolvedmultiplecriminalactorsandthattheappellantwasaleader.#XWXXXWb4#XWXXXW #XWXXXWd5#Astomitigatingfactors,thetrialcourtrejectedtheappellantsargument p&!$ thathiscriminalconductneithercausednorthreatenedseriousbodilyinjury.SeeT.C.A.4035113(1).Asbasisforthisdenial,thetrialcourtreiteratedits 0*%( priorreasoningthatanytimethepolicearecalledupontoansweranalarmandapprehendafleeingfelonthereis alwaysthepossibilityofsomebodygettinghurt.Again,wedonotthinktheevidencesupportsthesentencingcourtsfinding. Seriousbodilyinjuryisdefinedas bodilyinjurywhichinvolves...[a]substantialriskordeath;...[p]rotractedunconsciousness;...[e]xtremephysicalpain;...[p]rotractedorobviousdisfigurement;or...[p]rotractedlossorsubstantialimpairmentofafunctionofabodilymember,organormentalfaculty.T.C.A.3911106(34).Theappellantscrimewasneitherviolentnor 0948 intrinsicallyhazardous.Insuchacase,andabsentevidenceofsomespecifichazardouscircumstance,wecannotconcludethattheappellantscriminalactivitythreatenedseriousbodilyinjury.Althoughwedonotthinkthisfactorisentitledtogreatweight,weconcludethatthetrialcourterredinnotallowingthisfactorinmitigation. XWXXXW Finally,theappellantarguesthatthecourterredinimposingconsecutivesentencing.Essentially,theappellantarguesthatthetrialjudgefailedtomakeproperfindingsrelativetoconsecutivesentencingandthatthecourtsorderforconsecutivesentencingwaspredicateduponanimproperstatute. #  1      ׀The  appellantconcedesthattheconditionsofhisoffenseincludefactorsthatwouldwarrantconsecutivesentencing.Hefurtherconcedesthatthetrialcourtspecificallyfoundsuchfactorsduringthesentencinghearing.Heargues,however,thatthetrialcourtsrecitationofthesefactorsoccurredduringconsiderationofenhancementfactorsratherthanrelativetothecourtsorderforconsecutivesentencing. TheappellantcorrectlynotesthatthepresumptionofcorrectnessaccordedtothesentencingcourtisdependantonproperapplicationofT.C.A4035115.Butitisagreatleaptotheappellantsconclusionthatthenegationofthispresumptionrequiresreversalofthetrialcourtsotherwiseadmittedlycorrectdecision.Thetrialjudgeclearlymadefindingsduringthesentencinghearingthatwarrantconsecutivesentencing,andwewillnotfindthecourtsorderdefectivesimplybecausehedidnotrestatethosefindingsateachstageofthesentencinghearing.Moreover,eveniftheappellantsargumentwere 1-0 correct,thetrialcourtsfailuretostateitsfindingswouldonlyremovethepresumptionofcorrectnessotherwiseaccordedtothesentencingcourt.Theabsenceofthispresumptionwouldnotalterourdecision.Theappellantisacareercriminal,hehasanextensivecriminalrecord,andhewasonprobationatthetimeofhisoffense.#XWXXXW:#XWXXXWԀSeeT.C.A.4035115(b)(1),(2),(6).#XWXXXW{B#XWXXXWԀThus,hemeets 0  atleastthreeofthealternativestatutoryrequirementsforconsecutivesentencing;#XWXXXWB#XWXXXWԀandwebelieveitisappropriatehere. @   Forthereasonsstatedabove,weholdthatthetrialcourterredinitsfindingthattheappellantscrimeinvolvedahighrisktohumanlife.Wealsoagreewiththeappellantthathiscriminalconductdidnotcauseorthreatenseriousbodilyinjury.Nevertheless,fourenhancementfactorsremain.Thesefourenhancementsareclearlyandabundantlyestablishedandareentitledtosignificantweight.Whenbalancedagainstthesinglemitigatingfactor,thesefactorswarrantenhancementoftheappellantssentencetothetwelveyearstatutorymaximum.#XWXXXWC#XWXXXW    #XWXXXWjF#XWXXXW Thejudgmentofthetrialcourtisaffirmed.#XWXXXWF# $"   0948    4 4     __________________________ 4 4 N    PAULG.SUMMERS,JudgeCONCUR:_____________________________JOSEPHM.TIPTON,Judge_____________________________JOEG.RILEY,JudgeXWXXXWԀ#XWXXXWH#XWXXXW  #XWXXXW I#