ÿWPCë 5# öUN %O 0(Ub}w@…4ÅÙè 0lð 0D\ 0D  0Jä 0T. 0^‚ 0hà 0rH 0|º 0†6 0¼ 1uL 0dÁ 0@% D3e U>˜ U *Ö B) AQ) Æz B@ 0D] D/¡ BÐ DCí AM0 3} ê°v~švÓ˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLHÎ(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡- ù- ABCD{EFGHIÓ€U§aö"LN3|xU((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò++++'ÿÿdxd< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d* ,-Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 d($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó..'÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd((((7Border 1dd* /Cþÿ << Gÿÿ )Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€&ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€'ÔÔ€'ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€'XÔÌÌò òAugust€27,€1997ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€'ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó àÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€&ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€'ÔÔ€'ôÔ€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„14„403(a).ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€&ÔÝ  ÝÑ ` ÑÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€&ŠÔÔ€'ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ€ÑÑ7€ŒëXXdðdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò ò›Þ ÞÌIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAT€œJACKSON›ÌÌœJULY›€SESSION,€œ1997›ÌÌÌÓ  ÓœSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,›à à)à àC.C.A.€NO.€œ02C01„9704„CC„00132›ÌœÙ€*ÙßR€01/A1-j|õ` Å `€€@ÿRß›à àà àà àà àà à)ó óÌà àAppellee,à àà àà àò ò)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àœCARROLL›€COUNTYÌVS.à àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.€œC.€CREED€MCGINLEYó ó›Ìœò òMAURICE€PIERRE€TEAGUE,ó ó›à àò ò)à àJUDGEó óÌà àà àà àà àà àò ò)ó óÌà àAppellant.à àà àà àò ò)à àœó ó(Aggravated€Burglary)ò ò›Ìó óÌÌò òÓ  ÓON€APPEAL€FROM€THE€JUDGMENT€OF€THEÌœCIRCUIT›€COURT€OF€œCARROLL€COUNTY›ó óÌÌÌòòÓ  ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à àà àà àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:ÌÌœSTEPHEN€D.€JACKSON›à àà àœJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÌ161€Court€Squareà àà àà àà àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌP.O.€Box€471ÌHuntingdon,€TN€38344à àà àà àKENNETH€W.€RUCKERÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àCordell€Hull€Building,€2nd€FloorÌà àà àà àà àà àà à425€5th€Avenue€NorthÌà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àROBERT€RADFORDÌà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àELEANOR€CAHILLÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àP.O.€Box€686Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àHuntingdon,€TN€38344›ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌœAFFIRMED›ÌÌDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGEÇò òòòÓ  ÓÔ€'°ÔOPINIONóóó óÔ€'ŠÔÌÌÌÌÓÓÓ  Óà àThis€is€an€appeal€as€of€right€pursuant€to€Rule€3,€Tennessee€Rules€ofÏAppellate€Procedure.€€The€Defendant,€Maurice€Pierre€Teague,€was€convicted€byÏa€Carroll€County€jury€of€aggravated€burglary× ƒ2 ××  ×.€€The€trial€court€sentenced€him€asÏa€Range€I€offender€to€six€years€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€€The€DefendantÏappeals€both€his€conviction€and€his€sentence€and€raises€the€following€issues€inÏthis€appeal:€(1)€That€the€œevidence›€was€insufficient€to€convict€the€Defendant€ofÏaggravated€burglary€when€the€jury€acquitted€him€of€aggravated€assault;€(2)€thatÏthe€trial€court€erred€in€applying€certain€sentence€enhancement€factors;€and€(3)Ïthat€the€indictment€was€fatally€flawed.€€We€affirm€œthe€judgment€of€the€trial€court.›ÌÌà àThe€State€presented€the€following€proof€at€trial.€€The€tumultuousœ€events›Ïleading€to€the€Defendantððs€conviction€revolve€around€the€home€of€SusanÏHollowell€in€Huntingdon.€€Ms.€Hollowell€testified€that,€in€the€early€morning€hours€ofÏDecember€13,€1995,€she€was€at€her€home,€a€public€housing€facility€into€whichÏshe€had€just€moved.€€Also€present€were€œher€children;›€her€œtwo„year„old€daughter›Ïand€her€three„month„old€son.€€Randy€Cary€knocked€on€the€door€and€she€let€himÏin€and€they€talked€for€a€while.€€Ms.€Hollowell€had€known€Cary€for€a€number€ofÍyears€and€had€a€œpersonal€relationship›€with€him€in€the€past.€€An€hour€or€so€later,Ïsomeone€knocked€at€the€door.€€Cary€told€Ms.€Hollowell€not€to€answer€itÏbecause€it€was€the€Defendant€and€he€did€not€want€to€talk€to€him.€ÏApproximately€an€hour€œlater,›€œabout›€3:00€a.m.,€Steven€Gibbs,€Billy€Ted€Little,€andÏa€stranger€arrived.€€Ms.€Hollowell€and€Gibbs€had€more€recently€been€seeingÏeach€other€in€a€œpersonal€relationship.›€€Gibbs€wanted€to€come€in€and€lie€downÏbecause€he€and€the€others€had€been€drinking€at€a€bar€in€Jackson,€Tennessee.€ÏShe€let€the€three€in€and€they€and€Cary€talked.€€The€stranger€left€shortly€after€theyÏarrived.€€€Gibbs€smelled€like€he€had€been€drinking€and€Little€appeared€obviouslyÏdrunk.€€They€argued€because€Little€wanted€to€leave.€€Gibbs€took€Little€to€a€payÏtelephone€because€Ms.€Hollowell€did€not€have€œa€phone.›€€They€returned€andÏCary€and€Little€exchanged€words.€€€Little€started€a€fight€with€Cary.€€TheyÏstruggled€on€the€floor€until€Gibbs€broke€them€up.€€Cary€left€the€house.ÌÌà àA€few€minutes€later,€Cary€returned€with€his€brother,€Terry€Cary,€theÏDefendant,€David€Myles€and€a€fifth€person€(Marshall€Hampton).€€Gibbs€andÏLittle€hid€in€the€bathroom€after€the€five€called€into€the€house€for€them€to€come€out.€€€ÏMs.€Hollowell€talked€with€the€men€through€the€window,€but€refused€to€let€them€in.€ÏœShe›€turned€and€walked€to€the€back€of€the€house€when€she€heard€a€frontÏwindow€break.€€She€saw€Randy€Cary€with€a€two„by„four€piece€of€œlumber.›€ÏCary€also€pulled€a€gun.€€At€that€point,€the€Defendant€stated:€ð ðPop€a€cap€in€her.ððÍThe€men€came€in€the€house€and€œMs.€Hollowell›€headed€to€the€back€bedroomÏwith€the€children.€€Cary€handed€the€gun€to€the€Defendant.€The€five€were€yellingÏat€œGibbs›€and€Little€in€the€bathroom€to€come€out.€€The€men€broke€œopen€the›€doorÏwith€the€two„by„four€and€began€fighting€Gibbs€and€Little.€€Little€had€a€whiskeyÏbottle.€€Ms.€Hollowell€did€not€see€if€the€Defendant€still€had€the€gun€during€the€fightÏin€the€house.€€The€men€left€and€she€helped€Gibbs€and€Little,€who€were€injured.ÌÌà àSteven€Gibbs€also€testified€at€trial.€€He€and€Little€went€to€Ms.€HollowellððsÏhouse€to€visit€because€he€had€been€œdating›€her.€€He€did€not€know€Cary€beforeÏthe€incident.€€Little€was€drunk€and€got€into€an€argument€with€Cary.€€They€scuffledÏand€he€broke€up€the€fight.€€Cary€left.€€Gibbs€helped€Little€clean€up€his€bloodiedÏmouth€and€Ms.€Hollowell€asked€them€to€leave.€€When€they€tried€to€leave,€theyÏsaw€Cary€and€the€other€men€outside.€€Gibbs€and€Little€went€to€the€bathroom.€ÏGibbs€heard€the€window€break€and€Ms.€Hollowell€talking€to€them.€€He€heardÏsomeone€say€ð ðshoot€œherðð›€or€œð ðshoot›€the€bitch.ðð€€Ms.€Hollowell€let€them€in€and€theÏgroup€began€beating€on€the€bathroom€door.€€ÌÌà àGibbs€testified€that€he€grabbed€a€whiskey€bottle€and€that€Little€had€aÏlarge€ð ðRamboðð€knife.€€After€the€group€broke€down€the€bathroom€door,€Little€sawÏthe€gun€and€laid€down€the€knife.€€€Cary€hit€Gibbs€with€the€two„by„four€while€heÏwas€on€the€floor.€€Gibbs€managed€to€get€up,€but€was€hit€from€behind€andÍothers€took€turns€kicking€him.€€Teague€took€the€gun,€pointed€it€at€Gibbs€head,Ïand€said€ð ðHowððs€it€feel€to€be€on€the€ground,€white€boy?ðð€€Gibbsðð€eye,€arm€andÏknee€were€injured€in€the€fight.ÌÌà àOn€cross„examination,€Gibbs€admitted€that€he€was€dating€œMs.›€HollowellÏwhile€he€was€separated€from€his€wife,€but€œsaid€that›€they€were€reunited€at€theÏtime€of€trial.€€He€stated€that€someone€broke€open€the€door€to€his€houseÏsometime€after€the€incident€in€question.€€€He€denied€an€allegation€by€Cary€thatÏhe€and€Little€took€Caryððs€money€during€the€first€scuffle.€€Gibbs€also€testified€thatÏhe€never€saw€a€gun€when€the€group€was€outside€the€house€and€could€notÏpositively€identify€the€voice€saying€ð ðshoot€the€bitchðð€as€the€Defendantððs.€€GibbsÏsaw€the€Defendant€with€a€gun€after€the€men€broke€open€the€bathroom€door.€€ÏOn€redirect,€Gibbs€stated€that€Little€had€money€that€night€because€Gibbs€wasÏtaking€him€to€court€the€next€day€and€he€had€the€money€to€pay€a€fine.€€ÌÌà àOfficer€Johnny€Ray€Hill€of€the€Huntingdon€Police€Department€testified€thatÏhe€interviewed€the€Defendant.€€The€Defendant€admitted€hitting€Little€and€that,Ïduring€the€brawl,€someone€dropped€a€gun€and€he€picked€it€up€and€placed€it€inÏhis€waistband.€€The€Defendant€stated€that€he€was€called€to€come€over€to€theÏhouse€because€someone€took€money€and€they€thought€Gibbs€and€Little€hadÏcocaine.ÌÌà àThe€Defendant€testified€in€his€own€behalf.€€He€stated€that€MarshallÏHampton€called€him€and€said€Cary€had€been€assaulted€and€robbed€and€toÏmeet€at€Hamptonððs€house.€€Hamptonððs€house€was€just€down€the€street€fromÏœMs.€Hollowellððs›€house.€€The€Defendant€denied€œthat€he€had€any€intention›€to€fight,Ïthat€he€had€a€gun,€that€he€said€ð ðPop€a€cap€in€her,ðð€or€that€he€broke€the€windowÏof€the€house.€€€He€testified€that€he€followed€Cary€in€the€house€and€that€CaryÏwas€telling€Gibbs€and€Little€to€return€the€money.€€He€stated€that€he€first€obtainedÏthe€gun€after€it€was€dropped€during€the€scuffle.€€He€put€the€gun€in€his€pants.€€HeÏadmitted€hitting€Little€œafter›€Little€œfirst€hit›€œhim€in›€the€face.€€He€also€admitted€to€pullingÏGibbs€off€Cary.ÌÌà àOn€œcross„examination,›€the€Defendant€denied€pointing€a€gun€at€Gibbs,Ïbut€admitted€that€Gibbs€got€into€a€corner€and€said€ð ðPlease€donððt€kill€me.ðð€€TheÏDefendant€denied€going€into€the€house€to€beat€up€the€men,€but€admitted€œgoing›Ïin€to€get€the€money€back€and€ð ðso€that€he€œ[Cary]›€wouldnððt€be€jumped€on€again.ðð€ÏHe€denied€that€the€group€had€the€intent€to€fight.€€The€Defendant€denied€thatÏanyone€pointed€a€gun€at€Ms.€Hollowell€when€they€were€standing€outside€theÏhouse.ÌÌà àRandy€Cary€testified€that€he€went€to€Hollowellððs€house€to€visit.€€He€knewÏshe€was€awake€because€he€talked€to€her€boyfriend,€Daniel€Alton,€after€he€sawÏhim€leaving€Hollowellððs€house.€€He€stated€that€he€had€dozed€off€in€a€reclinerÏwhen€Gibbs,€Little€and€a€stranger€showed€up.€€They€exchanged€words,€left,Ïand€returned€and€ð ðjumpedðð€him.€€They€took€some€money€from€his€jacket€pocketÏand€a€house€key.€€Cary€left€the€house€and€organized€the€group,€including€theÏDefendant.€€They€went€to€Hollowellððs€house.€€Cary€admitted€to€carrying€a€gun€atÏthat€time.€€He€denied€that€the€Defendant€possessed€a€gun.€€Cary€testified€thatÏhe€had€no€intention€to€fight,€but€he€wanted€to€get€his€money€back.€€He€statedÏthat€he€took€his€gun€out€of€his€jacket€pocket€and€loaded€one€bullet€and€DavidÏMyles€said€ð ðPop€a€cap€in€œher.ð𛀀Ms.€Hollowell€saw€the€gun€at€that€point.€€HeÏtestified€that€the€gun€was€lost€during€the€fight€and€that€David€Myles€returned€it€toÏhim.€€ÌÌà àThe€Defendant€was€charged€with€one€count€œof€aggravated›€burglary€andÏthree€counts€œof€aggravated›€assault.€€The€jury€acquitted€the€Defendant€on€eachÏcount€of€aggravated€assault,€but€convicted€him€of€aggravated€burglary.€€TheÏDefendant€now€appeals€his€conviction€and€sentence.ÌÌà àWe€first€address€the€Defendantððs€third€issue,€that€the€indictment€wasÏfatally€flawed.€€The€indictment€charging€the€Defendant€with€aggravated€burglaryÏin€this€case€is€as€follows:ÌÓÓÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ ` ÒÒ ° ÒThat€RANDY€L.€CARY,€TERRY€RAY€CARY,€DAVID€EARLEÏMYLES,€MAURICE€PIERRE€TEAGUE€and€MARSHALLÏHAMPTON,€heretofore,€ON€OR€ABOUT€THE€13TH€DAY€OFÏDECEMBER,€1995,€before€the€finding€of€this€indictment,€in€the€CountyÏand€State€aforesaid,€did€intentionally€or€knowingly€enter€the€habitationÏof€SUSAN€HOLLOWELL,€109€DREW€COURT,€HUNTINGDON,ÏCARROLL€COUNTY,€TENNESSEE€without€the€ownerððs€effectiveÏconsent,€òòwith€intent€to€commit€a€felonyóó,€thereby€committing€the€offenseÏof€AGGRAVATED€BURGLARY,€in€violation€of€T.C.A.€39„14„403(a),Ïagainst€the€peace€and€dignity€of€the€State€of€Tennessee.ÌÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÓÓÌ(emphasis€added).€€The€Defendant€asserts€that€the€indictment€is€defectiveÏbecause€it€does€not€specify€the€felony€intended€to€be€committed.ÌÌà àAn€indictment€or€presentment€must€provide€notice€of€the€offense€charged,Ïan€adequate€basis€for€the€entry€of€a€proper€judgment,€and€suitable€protectionÏagainst€double€jeopardy.€€òòState€v.€Trustyóó,€919€S.W.2d€305,€310€(Tenn.€1996);ÏòòState€v.€Byrdóó,€820€S.W.2d€739,€741€(Tenn.€1991);€€€òòState€v.€Lindsayóó,€637ÏS.W.2d€886,€890€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1982).€€€The€indictment€ð ðmust€state€the€factsÏin€ordinary€and€concise€language€in€a€manner€that€would€enable€a€person€ofÏcommon€understanding€to€know€what€is€intended,€and€with€a€degree€of€certaintyÏwhich€would€enable€the€court€upon€conviction,€to€pronounce€the€properÍjudgment.ðð€€€€€òòWarden€v.€Stateóó,€214€Tenn.€391,€381€S.W.2d€244,€245€(1964);ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„13„202.ÌÌà àA€lawful€accusation€is€an€essential€jurisdictional€element,€thus,€aÏprosecution€cannot€proceed€without€an€indictment€that€sufficiently€informs€theÏaccused€of€the€essential€elements€of€the€offense.€òòState€v.€Perkinsonóó,€867ÏS.W.2d€1,€5€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1992);€òòState€v.Morganóó,€598€S.W.2d€796,€797Ïœ(Tenn.›€Crim.€App.€1979).€€€A€judgment€based€on€an€indictment€that€does€notÏallege€all€the€essential€elements€of€the€offense€is€a€nullity.€€€òòWarden€v.€Stateóó,Ï381€S.W.2d€at€245;€€€òòMcCracken€v.€Stateóó,€489€S.W.2d€48,€53€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ï1972).€€ÌÌà àThe€State€argues€that€the€Defendant€has€waived€consideration€of€theÏissue€on€appeal€because€he€did€not€raise€the€issue€prior€to€trial.€€€Rule€12(b)(2)Ïof€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure€provides€that€ð ð[d]efenses€andÏobjections€based€on€defects€in€the€indictment€.€.€.€œother€than€that›€it€fails€.€.€.€toÏcharge€an€offenseðð€must€be€raised€in€a€pretrial€motion.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.Ï12(b)(2).€€Furthermore,€failure€to€raise€defenses€and€objections€pretrial€constitutesÏa€waiver.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€12(f).€€We€note€the€waiver€rule€does€not€applyÏwhen€an€indictment€fails€to€charge€an€essential€element€of€an€offense€becauseÍno€offense€has€been€charged.€€òòState€v.€Perkinsonóó,€867€S.W.2d€1,€5„6€(Tenn.ÏCrim.€App.€1992).ÌÌà àIn€the€case€at€bar,€the€Defendant€has€not€alleged€that€the€indictment€failsÏto€charge€œan›€offense.€€Rather,€he€claims€that€the€indictment€has€failed€toÏœdescribe›€œthe›€offense€with€the€ð ðdegree€of€certaintyðð€required€and€œtherefore€the›Ïindictment€œis›€void.€€€€Aggravated€burglary€is€burglary€of€a€habitation€as€definedÏin€œsections›€39„14„401€and€39„14„402.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„14„403(a).€ð ð€AÏperson€commits€burglary€who,€without€the€effective€consent€of€the€propertyÏowner:€(1)€Enters€a€building€other€than€a€habitation€(or€any€portion€thereof)€notÏopen€to€the€public,€òòwith€intent€to€commit€a€felonyóó,€theft€or€assault.ðð€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€œ39„14„402(a)›€œ€(emphasis€added)›œ.€›€The€Defendant€cites€€òòState€v.ÏHaynesóó,€720€S.W.2d€76€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1986),€quoting€òòHooks€v.€Stateóó,€289ÏS.W.€529,€529€(Tenn.€1926),€which€states€that€an€indictment€for€burglary€ð ðmustÏset€out€and€define€the€felony€intended€to€be€committed.ðð€€òòHooksóó,€€289€S.W.€atÏ529.€€€ÌÌà àThe€Defendant€has€first€raised€the€issue€in€his€appeal.€€Because€heÏfailed€to€raise€the€issue€pretrial€as€required€by€Rule€12(b),€this€issue€has€beenÏwaived.€€Moreover,€the€Defendant€could€have,€but€did€not€file€a€motion€for€a€billÏof€particulars€pursuant€to€Rule€7(c)€of€the€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure€to€clarifyÍthe€offense€œwith›€which€he€was€charged.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Joyneróó,€759€S.W.2d€422,Ï424„25€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€€Instead,€he€clearly€proceeded€to€trial€with€aÏdefense€that€he€had€no€intent€to€commit€any€of€the€assaults€when€he€arrived€atÏthe€house.€œ€We€believe€the›€Defendant€has€waived€any€consideration€by€thisÏœCourt›€of€this€issue.ÌÌà àThe€Defendant€also€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€convictingÏhim€of€aggravated€burglary.€€He€contends€that€because€he€was€acquitted€of€allÏaggravated€assault€charges,€the€burglary€conviction€cannot€stand€because€theÏassaults€were€the€underlying€felonies€comprising€an€element€of€the€offense€ofÏburglary.ÌÌà àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence,Ïthe€standard€is€whether,€after€reviewing€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorableÏto€the€prosecution,€any€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essentialÏelements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443ÏU.S.€307,€319€(1979).€€Questions€concerning€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€theÏweight€and€value€to€be€given€the€evidence,€as€well€as€all€factual€issues€raisedÏby€the€evidence,€are€resolved€by€the€trier€of€fact,€not€this€court.€€òòState€v.ÏPappasóó,€754€S.W.2d€620,€623€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€€Nor€may€this€courtÍreweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835Ï(Tenn.€1978).€€ÌÌà àA€jury€verdict€approved€by€the€trial€judge€accredits€the€Stateððs€witnessesÏand€resolves€all€conflicts€in€favor€of€the€State.€€òòState€v.€Graceóó,€493€S.W.2d€474,Ï476€(Tenn.€1973).€€On€appeal,€the€State€is€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimateÏview€of€the€evidence€and€all€inferences€therefrom.€€òòCabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€atÏ835.€€Because€a€verdict€of€guilt€removes€the€presumption€of€innocence€andÏreplaces€it€with€a€presumption€of€guilt,€the€accused€has€the€burden€in€this€courtÏof€illustrating€why€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€verdict€returned€byÏthe€trier€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982);€òòGraceóó,€493ÏS.W.2d€at€476.ÌÌà àWe€first€address€the€contention€that,€because€the€jury€acquitted€theÏDefendant€of€all€aggravated€assault€charges,€the€evidence€to€convict€forÏaggravated€burglary€is€insufficient.€€The€Defendant€challenges€the€sufficiency€ofÏproof€of€the€element€that€he€entered€a€habitation€without€consent€€ð ðwith€intent€toÏcommit€a€felony.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„14„402(a)(1).€€The€crime€of€burglary€isÏcomplete€and€has€been€committed€when€an€entry€has€been€made€withoutÏconsent€and€with€the€intent€to€commit€a€felony€once€inside.€€òòState€v.€Lindsayóó,Ï637€S.W.2d€886,€889€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1982).€€€The€eventual€consummation€ofÍthe€intended€crime€is€not€required€to€support€a€conviction€for€aggravated€burglary.€ÏòòSeeóó€òòPetree€v.€Stateóó,€530€S.W.2d€90,€92€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1975).€€ÌÓÓÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ ` ÒÒ ° ÒThe€intent€requirement€is€general€in€nature€and€there€is€no€need€toÏprove€that€the€intruder€succeeded€in€carrying€out€the€intent€for€which€theÏstructure€was€broken€into.€€Therefore,€if€one€breaks€into€the€dwelling€ofÏanother€with€the€intent€to€commit€murder€or€any€other€felony€he€is€guiltyÏof€burglary€even€if€he€leaves€without€finding€his€intended€victim€orÏwithout€having€committed€any€felony€in€the€dwelling.€òòÌÌÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÓÓId.óó€(quoting€òòDuchac€v.€Stateóó,€505€S.W.2d€237,€239„40€(Tenn.€1973)(citationsÏœomitted)).›€€Thus,€it€is€of€no€consequence€that€the€Defendant€in€the€case€òòsubÏjudiceóó€was€acquitted€of€the€actual€aggravated€assaults.ÌÌà àThe€Defendant€also€makes€a€general€argument€that€the€proof€wasÏinsufficient€to€show€an€intent€on€his€part€to€commit€an€assault€when€he€enteredÏMs.€Hollowellððs€house.€€He€highlights€the€facts€that€he€and€Randy€Cary€bothÏtestified€that€they€œwent›€to€the€house€œonly€to›€get€Caryððs€money.€€He€notes€thatÏCary€testified€that€no€assaults€would€have€occurred€if€Gibbs€and€Little€hadÏsimply€returned€the€money.€€Yet,€we€are€mindful€that€the€intent€to€commit€a€felony€Ïmay€be€proved€by€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòHall€v.€Stateóó,€490€S.W.2d€495,€496Ï(Tenn.€1973);€€€òòState€v.€Chrismanóó,€885€S.W.2d€834,€838€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ï1994).ÌÌà àOn€appeal€we€must€consider€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€toÏthe€State.€€Obviously€the€jury€rejected€the€Defendantððs€proffered€reason€forÏentering€Ms.€Hollowellððs€house.€€There€is€evidence€in€the€record€that€theÏDefendant€joined€a€group€of€men€œorganized€by›€Randy€Cary€after€he€got€into€aÏfight€with€Billy€Ted€Little.€€There€is€evidence€that€Cary€was€angry€with€bothÏGibbs€and€Little.€€The€group€of€men€arrived€with€Cary€holding€a€two„by„fourÏœboard.›€€There€is€also€evidence€that€Cary€had€a€handgun€and€that€theÏDefendant€stated:€ð ðPop€a€cap€in€her.ðð€€Both€Ms.Hollowell€and€Gibbs€testifiedÏthat€the€crowd€outside€was€yelling€for€the€two€men€to€come€outside.€€None€ofÏthe€Stateððs€witnesses€testified€that€Cary€or€the€others€were€at€the€house€to€getÏCaryððs€money€back.€€There€is€also€evidence€that€Cary€smashed€a€window€andÏthat,€once€inside€the€house,€the€group€of€men€hit€and€kicked€Gibbs€and€Little.ÌÌà àIn€considering€the€evidence€in€the€record,€we€conclude€that€the€jury€couldÏhave€found€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€the€Defendant€entered€Ms.ÏHollowellððs€house€with€the€intent€to€exact€retribution€for€Cary€by€assaultingÏGibbs€and€Little.€€We€also€note€that€the€trial€judge€charged€the€jury€with€criminalÏresponsibility€for€the€conduct€of€another€and€the€lesser€offense€of€facilitation€of€aÏfelony.€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„11„402;€39„11„403.€The€jury€could€haveÏconvicted€of€the€lesser€offense,€but€chose€to€convict€the€Defendant€for€theÏgreater€offense.€€Furthermore,€the€jury€could€have€convicted€the€DefendantÍbased€on€criminal€œresponsibility€for€the€conduct€of€another.›€€This€would€onlyÏrequire€that€the€Defendant€acted€ð ðwith€intent€to€promote€œor›€assist€the€commissionÏof€the€offense.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„402.€€The€jury€could€reasonably€inferÏthat€the€Defendant€acted€with€the€intent€to€assist€Cary€with€entering€the€houseÏto€assault€the€victims.€€œIn€any€event,€we›€can€only€speculate€regarding€the€theoryÏupon€which€the€jury€relied.€€In€either€case,€the€evidence€was€œsufficient›€to€supportÏa€finding€of€guilt.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà àFinally,€the€Defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€imposed€an€excessiveÏsentence€by€misapplying€two€sentence€enhancement€factors.€€€When€anÏaccused€challenges€the€length,€range,€or€the€manner€of€service€of€a€sentence,Ïthis€court€has€a€duty€to€conduct€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€of€the€sentence€with€aÏpresumption€that€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€€This€presumption€is€"conditioned€upon€theÏaffirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencingÏprinciples€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances."€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823ÏS.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).ÌÌà àIn€conducting€a€de€novo€review€of€a€sentence,€this€court€must€consider:Ï(a)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€and€the€sentencing€hearing;€(b)€theÏpresentence€report;€(c)€the€principles€of€sentencing€and€arguments€as€toÍsentencing€alternatives;€(d)€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€the€criminal€conductÏinvolved;€(e)€any€statutory€mitigating€or€enhancement€factors;€(f)€any€statementÏthat€the€defendant€made€on€his€own€behalf;€and€(g)€the€potential€or€lack€ofÏpotential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô€'XÔððððÔ€'ŠÔ€40„35„102,€„103,Ïand€„210;€òòseeóó€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€735€S.W.2d€859,€863€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).ÌÌà àIf€our€review€reflects€that€the€trial€court€followed€the€statutory€sentencingÏprocedure,€imposed€a€lawful€sentence€after€having€given€due€consideration€andÏproper€weight€to€the€factors€and€principals€set€out€under€the€sentencing€law,Ïand€that€the€trial€court's€findings€of€fact€are€adequately€supported€by€the€record,Ïthen€we€may€not€modify€the€sentence€even€if€we€would€have€preferred€aÏdifferent€result.€€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785,€789€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).Ì€Ìà àThe€Defendantððs€sentencing€hearing€was€conducted€on€October€9,€1996.€ÏHis€presentence€report€indicates€that,€at€the€time€of€sentencing,€he€was€œtwenty„four€years€old›€œand€single.›€€He€dropped€out€of€high€school€in€the€eleventh€grade.€ÏIt€reflects€that€the€Defendant€had€nearly€thirty€misdemeanor€convictions€as€anÏadult€and€more€as€a€juvenile.€€He€œdenied›€regular€alcohol€or€drug€abuse,€yetÏsome€of€his€convictions€were€for€possession€of€drugs.€€The€Defendant€reportedÏa€sporadic€employment€history.€€He€had€one€uncle€living€in€McKenzie€and€aÏfour„year„old€daughter€in€Trenton.ÌÌà àAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€State€proposed€six€enhancement€factors€ofÏwhich€the€trial€court€œfound€five€to€be€applicable.›€€Those€applied€were€that€(1)ÏThe€defendant€has€a€previous€history€of€criminal€convictions;€(8)€The€defendantÏhas€a€previous€history€of€unwillingness€to€comply€with€the€conditions€of€aÏsentence€involving€release€in€the€community;€(9)€The€defendant€possessed€orÏemployed€a€firearm€during€the€commission€of€the€offense;€(10)€The€defendantÏhad€no€hesitation€about€committing€a€crime€when€the€risk€to€human€life€wasÏhigh;€and€(13)(c)€The€felony€was€committed€while€the€defendant€was€onÏprobation.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(1),(8),(9),(10),(13)(c).€€The€trial€courtÏconsidered€and€rejected€the€application€of€any€mitigating€factors.ÌÌà àThe€trial€court€also€evaluated€the€Defendantððs€amenability€to€alternativeÏsentencing€pursuant€to€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„35„102.€€The€trialÏcourt€refused€alternative€sentencing€based€on€the€Defendantððs€past€criminalÏhistory,€including€a€disrespect€for€the€law€manifested€in€convictions€for€failure€toÏappear€and€escape.€€Aggravated€burglary€is€a€Class€C€felony€and€theÏsentence€range€a€Range€I€offender€is€three€to€six€years.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððððÏ39„14„403(b);€40„35„101.€€The€trial€court€sentenced€the€Defendant€to€theÏmaximum€in€the€range€of€six€years€in€the€Department€of€Correction.ÌÌà àThe€Defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€applying€enhancementÏfactors€(9),€that€the€Defendant€possessed€or€employed€a€firearm€during€theÏcommission€of€the€offense€and€(10)€that€the€Defendant€had€no€hesitation€aboutÏcommitting€a€crime€when€the€risk€to€human€life€was€high.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40„35„114(9),(10).€€We€agree€with€the€Defendantððs€contention€that€the€trial€courtÏmisapplied€enhancement€factor€(9),€but€we€do€not€reach€our€conclusion€basedÏon€the€Defendantððs€reasoning.€€€He€argues€that,€because€he€was€acquitted€ofÏthe€aggravated€assaults,€the€use€of€a€weapon€cannot€be€used€to€enhance€theÏburglary€conviction.€€The€State€counters€that€two€of€the€aggravated€assaultÏcharges€were€based€on€serious€bodily€injury€rather€than€use€of€a€weapon.ÌÌà àHowever,€a€careful€review€of€the€record€reveals€that€there€is€œsimply€no›Ïevidence€that€the€Defendant€possessed€the€gun€during€the€perpetration€of€theÏaggravated€burglary.€€Ms.€Hollowell€testified€that€Cary€handed€the€gun€to€theÏDefendant€after€they€entered€the€house.€€Gibbs€testified€that€he€saw€theÏDefendant€with€a€gun€when€the€group€broke€down€the€bathroom€door.€€œTheÏDefendant›€denied€having€a€gun€until€he€picked€it€up€during€the€scuffle.€€CaryÏtestified€that€he€had€possession€of€the€gun€in€his€pants€when€the€group€enteredÏthe€house.€€As€we€have€previously€stated,€the€crime€of€burglary€is€complete€andÏhas€been€committed€when€an€entry€has€been€made€without€consent€and€withÏthe€intent€to€commit€a€felony€once€inside.€òòLindsayóó,€637€S.W.2d€at€889.€€Thus,Íbecause€the€record€is€devoid€of€evidence€that€the€Defendant€possessed€orÏemployed€a€weapon€while€effecting€the€entry€into€Ms.€Hollowellððs€home,€theÏapplication€of€factor€(9)€was€œerror.€€We€do€not€believe€the€proof€sufficiently€linksÏthe€gun€to€the€Defendant€to€allow€enhancement€based€on€this€factor.€€WeÏconclude,€however,€that€the€error€was€harmless.›ÌÌà àNext,€the€Defendant€contends€that€the€trial€court€misapplied€enhancementÏfactor€(10),€that€he€committed€a€crime€when€the€risk€to€human€life€was€high.€€HeÏœargues€that›€this€was€an€element€of€the€aggravated€assaults€of€which€he€wasÏacquitted,€therefore,€the€trial€court€could€not€apply€it€to€the€aggravated€burglary.€ÏWe€disagree.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€597,€603€(Tenn.€1994).€€ThisÏœCourt›€has€held€that€a€burglary€conviction€may€be€enhanced€using€factor€(10)Ïwhen€the€circumstances€create€a€risk€to€human€life.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€œJohn€L.ÏGoodwin,€IIIóó,›€C.C.A.€No.€01C01„9601„CR„00013,€Sumner€County€(Tenn.€Crim.ÏApp.,€Nashville,€Jul.€23,€1997);€€òòState€v.€Jimmy€Ray€Potteróó,€C.C.A.€No.€œ01C01„9301„CC„00021,›€œFentress€County€(Tenn.›€Crim.€œApp.,›€Nashville,€Mar.€17,€1994);Ïòòcf.óó€òòState€v.€Averyóó,€818€S.W.2d€365,€369€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€Here,€theÏDefendant€was€part€of€a€group€of€men€who€brandished€weapons,€smashed€inÏa€window,€and€threatened€to€shoot€a€woman,€all€while€she€was€visible€throughÏthe€window€holding€her€three„month„old„son.€€The€Defendant€knew€that€œthe€menÏthey€sought›€were€in€the€home€and€an€entry€would€likely€result€in€a€confrontation.€ÍThis,€we€feel,€is€sufficient€proof€to€support€the€application€of€enhancement€factorÏ(10).ÌÌà àœEven€though€we€conclude€that›€the€trial€court€misapplied€oneÏenhancement€factor,€we€œbelieve€the€remaining€enhancement€factors€justify€theÏsentence€of€six€years›€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€œ€ÌÌà àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.›Ìœà àÌ›à àÌœÓÓÓ  Óà à›à àà àà àà àœ____________________________________Ì›à àà àà àà àà àDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌœJOE€B.€JONES,€PRESIDING€JUDGE›ÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌœJOE€G.€RILEY,€JUDGE›