ÿWPC² 5# öUN %O 0(U}w@…4ÅÙ 0†è 0Dn 0J² 0Tü 0^P 0h® 0r 0|ˆ 0† 0Š 1u 0d 0@ó D33 Bf U>ƒ B)Á DCê U*- AQW ƨ 0Dn 0D² D/ö B% AMB  h’gúv~avÓߘHP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLHÎ(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ z{D|}D~„D…†‡Ó€“ìSï"`aCþÿ3|x“(6(2Ä$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÓ  Óà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò""""'ÿÿdxd d< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman% Line 7 d&&&&7Border 1dd< Œ 9p`(Arial*+ ,-Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó..'÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd* 'Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ùÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ+"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€(ÔÔ€(ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€(XÔÌÌò òJuly€16,€1997ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€(ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó ^Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÓ  Óà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  Ý€Walker€Gwinn€was€petitionerððs€attorney€at€the€time€the€guilty€pleas€were€taken€inÏJudge€Arthur€Faquinððs€court€in€1973.€€Gwinn€testified€that€it€was€his€usual€policy€to€adviseÏhis€clients€of€their€right€against€self„incrimination€whenever€there€was€a€possibility€of€goingÏto€trial.€€He€also€testified€that€at€the€time€the€guilty€pleas€were€entered,€Judge€Faquin€wasÏadhering€to€the€standards€set€forth€in€òòBoykinóó.€Ì ]Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÓ  Óà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  Ý€Apparently,€no€transcript€of€the€guilty€plea€proceeding€was€available€due€to€theÏlapse€of€time€between€the€guilty€pleas€and€the€filing€of€the€post„conviction€petition.ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÙ€*ÙÓ  ÓÔ€(ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑßR€/0'A1-j|‚ÿ` Å `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌà@ àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌà@ àAT€JACKSONÌÌà@ àJULY€1997€SESSIONÌÌÌÌCLAUDE€LEE€TODD,ó óà@ à)Ìà@ à)à àò òNO.€02C01„9609„CR„00295ó óÌà àAppellant,à@ à)Ìà@ à)à àò òSHELBY€COUNTYÌVS.ó óà@ à)Ìà@ à)à àò òHon.€Carolyn€WadeÏBlackett,ÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,ó óà@ à)à àò òJudgeó óÌà@ à)Ìà àAppellee.à@ à)à à(Post„Conviction)ÌÌÌÌò òòòFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à àà àà àà àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:ÌÌARCH€B.€BOYD,€IIIà àà àà àà àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPó óÌ217€Exchange€Avenueà àà àà àà àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌMemphis,€TN€38105Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òCLINTON€J.€MORGANó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òWILLIAM€L.€GIBBONSó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òJAMES€J.€CHALLEN,€IIIó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€AttorneyÏGeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àCriminal€Justice€Complex,€SuiteÏ301Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà à201€Poplar€AvenueÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àMemphis,€TN€38103ÌÌÌÌò òOPINION€FILED:€òò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌJOE€G.€RILEY,ÌJUDGEó óÇÓÓÑ7€•0XXdìXXdì7Ñà@ àò òòòOPINIONóóó óÌÌà àThe€petitioner,€Claude€Lee€Todd,€appeals€œan›€order€of€the€Criminal€CourtÏof€Shelby€County€denying€his€petition€for€post„conviction€relief.€€On€appeal,Ïpetitioner€challenges€the€validity€of€guilty€pleas€entered€in€1973€alleging€he€wasÏnot€advised€(1)€of€his€right€against€self„incrimination,€and€(2)€that€the€guilty€pleasÏcould€be€used€to€enhance€punishment€on€subsequent€convictions.€€We€affirmÏthe€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà@ àò òòòCASE€HISTORYó óóóÌÌà àIn€1968,€petitioner€pled€guilty€to€grand€larceny€and€third€degree€burglary.€ÏHe€pled€guilty€to€numerous€other€offenses€in€1973.€€In€1980,€petitioner€wasÏconvicted€by€a€jury€of€armed€robbery€and€habitual€criminality.Ìà àSubsequently,€he€filed€a€petition€for€post„conviction€relief€within€theÏstatutory€period€challenging€the€validity€of€the€guilty€pleas€entered€in€1968€andÏ1973,€relying€œupon›€òòBoykin€v.€Alabamaóó,€395€U.S.€238,€89€S.Ct.€1709,€23€L.Ed.2dÏ274€(1969).€€The€trial€court€denied€the€petition€without€a€hearing,€finding€thatÏòòBoykinóó€was€not€retrospective€in€application€and€could€not€be€used€to€invalidateÏthe€1968€guilty€pleas.€€The€trial€court€further€denied€relief€as€to€the€1973€guiltyÏpleas€on€the€basis€of€laches.Ìà àPetitioner€then€appealed€the€dismissal€of€his€petition.€€This€Court€agreedÏthat€òòBoykinóó€is€prospective€in€application€only€and€did€not€constitute€grounds€forÍrelief€as€to€the€1968€pleas.€€òòClaude€Todd€v.€Stateóó,€C.C.A.€No.€02C01„9204„CR„00083€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€filed€November€18,€1992,€at€Jackson).€€However,€œthis›ÏCourt€found€that€the€record€did€not€conclusively€show€that€petitioner€was€notÏentitled€to€relief€on€the€1973€guilty€pleas.€€òòIdóó.€€The€Court€remanded€for€anÏevidentiary€hearing€on€the€1973€pleas.€€òòIdóó.Ìà àEvidentiary€hearings€were€œheld.€€The›€trial€œcourt,›€œpursuant€to€òòBlankenshipÏv.€Stateóó,€858€S.W.2d€897€(Tenn.€1993),€and€òòState€v.€Nealóó,€810€S.W.2d€131Ï(Tenn.€1991),›€œfound€that›€the€1973€guilty€plea€proceedings€substantiallyÏcomplied€with€requirements€set€forth€in€œòòBoykinóó.›€€Therefore,€the€trial€court€foundÏthat€the€alleged€omission€of€warnings€concerning€petitionerððs€right€against€self„incrimination€was€harmless€error,€at€best.€€From€this€ruling,€petitioner€brings€thisÏappeal.ÌÌà@ àò òòòSTANDARD€FOR€REVIEWóóÌó óÌà àThe€trial€judge's€findings€of€fact€on€post„conviction€hearings€areÏconclusive€on€appeal€unless€the€evidence€preponderates€otherwise.€€òòButler€v.ÏStateóó,€789€S.W.2d€898,€899„900€(Tenn.€1990);€òòAdkins€v.€Stateóó,€911€S.W.2d€334,Ï354€(Tenn.€€Crim.€App.€1994).€€The€trial€courtððs€findings€of€fact€are€afforded€theÏweight€of€a€jury€verdict,€and€this€Court€is€bound€by€the€trial€courtððs€findingsÏunless€the€evidence€in€the€record€preponderates€against€those€findings.€€òòDixonÏv.€Stateóó,€934€S.W.2d€69,€72€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€This€Court€may€notÏreweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence,€nor€substitute€its€inferences€for€thoseÍdrawn€by€the€trial€judge.€€òòMassey€v.€Stateóó,€929€S.W.2d€399,€403€(Tenn.€Crim.ÏApp.€1996);€òòBlack€v.€Stateóó,€794€S.W.2d€752,€755€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).€€ÏQuestions€concerning€the€credibility€of€witnesses€and€the€weight€and€value€toÏbe€given€to€their€testimony€are€resolved€by€the€trial€court,€not€this€court.€€òòBlack€v.ÏStateóó,€794€S.W.2d€at€755.€€The€burden€of€establishing€that€the€evidenceÏpreponderates€otherwise€is€on€petitioner.€€òòIdóó.ÌÌà@ àò òòòENHANCEMENT€POTENTIALó óóóÌÌà àPetitioner€claims€that€his€1973€guilty€pleas€are€invalid€because€the€trialÏjudge€did€not€inform€him€that€the€pleas€could€later€be€used€against€him€toÏenhance€punishment€on€subsequent€convictions.€€The€alleged€failure€of€the€trialÏcourt,€upon€accepting€petitioner's€pleas€of€guilty€to€felonies€which€becameÏpredicate€offenses€for€the€habitual€criminal€conviction,€to€advise€the€petitionerÏthat€these€convictions€might€be€used€to€enhance€punishment€imposed€in€anyÏfuture€proceedings€is€not€a€constitutional€issue€and€cannot€be€considered€in€aÏpost„conviction€proceeding.€€òòCoker€v.€Stateóó,€911€S.W.2d€357,€363€(Tenn.€Crim.ÏApp.€1995);€òòHousler€v.€Stateóó,€749€S.W.2d€758,€760€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1988);ÏòòState€v.€Evansóó,€669€S.W.2d€708,€713€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1984).€€This€issue€isÏwithout€merit.ÌÌà@ àò òòòRIGHT€AGAINST€SELF„INCRIMINATIONóóó óÌÌà àPetitioner€insists€that€the€1973€guilty€pleas€are€void€pursuant€to€òòBoykin€v.ÏAlabamaóó€because€the€trial€judge€did€not€inform€him€of€his€right€against€self„incrimination€when€the€pleas€were€entered.€€In€òòBoykinóó,€the€United€StatesÏSupreme€Court€held€it€to€be€reversible€error€for€a€trial€judge€to€accept€a€plea€ofÏguilty€without€first€determining€on€the€record€if€the€defendant€has€voluntarily€andÏunderstandingly€waived€his€constitutional€rights.€€395€U.S.€at€244,€89€S.Ct.€atÏ1712„13.€€The€federal€constitutional€rights€that€are€implicated€when€a€guilty€pleaÏis€entered€in€a€state€criminal€trial€are€the€privilege€against€compulsory€self„incrimination,€the€right€to€trial€by€jury,€and€the€right€to€confront€oneððs€accusers.€Ï395€U.S.€at€243,€89€S.Ct.€at€1712.Ìà àHowever,€ð ðòòBoykinóó€does€not€require€separate€enumeration€of€each€rightÏwaived€and€separate€waivers€as€to€each€[right].ðð€€òòFontaine€v.€United€Statesóó,€526ÏF.2d€514,€516€(6th€Cir.€1975),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€424€U.S.€973,€96€S.Ct.€1476,€47ÏL.Ed.2d€743€(1976);€òòBlankenship€v.€Stateóó,€858€S.W.2d€at€904.€€What€is€requiredÏœby›€òòBoykinóó€is€that€ð ðno€guilty€plea€be€accepted€without€an€affirmative€showing€thatÏit€was€intelligent€and€voluntary.ðð€€òòIdóó.€€In€order€to€determine€if€a€guilty€plea€isÏvoluntary€and€intelligent,€the€court€must€look€to€several€factors,€including:ÌÓÓà8 àthe€relative€intelligence€of€the€defendant;€the€degree€of€hisÏfamiliarity€with€criminal€proceedings;€whether€he€was€representedÏby€competent€counsel€and€had€the€opportunity€to€confer€withÏcounsel€about€the€options€available€to€him;€the€extent€of€adviceÏfrom€counsel€and€the€court€concerning€the€charges€against€him;Ïand€the€reasons€for€his€decision€to€plead€guilty,€including€a€desireÏto€avoid€a€greater€penalty€that€might€result€from€a€jury€trial.ÌÌÓÓòòBlankenship€v.€Stateóó,€858€S.W.2d€at€904€(citing€òòCaudill€v.€Jagoóó,€747€F.2d€1046,Ï1052€(6th€Cir.€1984)).€€More€specifically,€the€record€must€show€ð ðsubstantialÍcomplianceðð€with€the€òòBoykinóómandate.€€òòIdóó.€at€905;€òòState€v.€Nealóó,€810€S.W.2d€atÏ134.Ìà àIn€the€order€dismissing€the€petition€for€post„conviction€relief,€the€trial€courtÏfound€that€the€guilty€plea€was€in€substantial€compliance€with€òòBoykinóó.€€The€courtÏconcluded€that€even€without€a€specific€œwarning›€of€the€right€against€compulsoryÏself„incrimination,€the€guilty€pleas€were€otherwise€voluntarily€and€intelligentlyÏentered.€€The€trial€court€further€found€that€any€omission€of€an€explicit€warningÏconcerning€the€right€against€self„incrimination€was,€at€most,€harmless.€€In€soÏconcluding,€the€trial€court€found:ÌÓÓà8 à[p]etitionerððs€testimony€and€òòpro€seóó€brief€reflect€intelligence€andÏunderstanding.€€He€has€made€no€claims,€and€the€record€in€no€wayÏindicates,€that€he€was€incompetent€or€mentally€impaired€at€the€timeÏin€question.€€Petitioner€was€experienced€and€familiar€with€theÏcriminal€justice€system.€€He€was€represented€by€experiencedÏcounsel€and€had€adequate€opportunity€to€discuss€his€options.€€TheÏrecord€indicates€extensive€advice€by€court€and€counsel:€(1)ÏPetitioner€had€three€public€defenders€over€the€life€of€theÏproceedings;€(2)€the€acknowledgments€of€rights€in€the€signedÏpetition€of€waiver€of€jury€trial€and€acceptance€of€guilty€plea;€(3)€Mr.ÏGwinnððs€statements€about€his€general€policy,€as€well€as€those€ofÏJudge€Faquinððs;[× ƒ1 ××  ×]€and€(4)€the€assertions€in€Judge€Faquinððs€orderÏthat€Petitioner€had€been€fully€advised€and€understood€what€heÏwillingly€waived.€€Petitionerððs€decision€to€accept€sentencingÏrecommendations€on€eight€felonies,€among€them€concurrent€threeÏ(3)€year€sentences€on€multiple€charges€of€assault€with€intent€toÏmurder,€rather€than€going€to€trial,€certainly€represents€a€voluntaryÏand€intelligent€choice€of€action.ÌÌÓÓEach€of€these€findings€is€adequately€supported€by€the€record.Ìà àAlthough€it€is€impossible€to€ascertain€with€certainty€whether€or€not€the€trialÏjudge€or€petitionerððs€attorney€informed€petitioner€in€1973€of€his€right€againstÏcompulsory€self„incrimination,œ× ƒ2 ××  ×›€we€conclude€that€the€trial€court€did€not€err€inÏfinding€that€the€1973€guilty€pleas€were€otherwise€intelligent,€voluntary,€and€inÏsubstantial€compliance€with€òòBoykinóó.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà@ àò òòòCONCLUSIONóóó óÌÌà àPetitionerððs€claim€that€his€1973€guilty€pleas€are€invalid€because€of€theÏtrial€judgeððs€failure€to€advise€him€of€the€enhancement€potential€for€subsequentÏconvictions€is€not€a€proper€issue€in€a€post„conviction€proceeding.€€Furthermore,Ïthe€trial€courtððs€finding€that€the€1973€guilty€pleas€were€intelligent,€voluntary,€andÏin€substantial€compliance€with€òòBoykinóó€is€clearly€supported€by€the€record.€ÏAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.ÌÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àà àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òJOE€G.€RILEY,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌJOE€B.€JONES,€PRESIDING€JUDGEÌÌÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGEó ó