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XTR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T X^oXXX  r&<,(j 8` `@E ` ttx$X rߛINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  ATKNOXVILLEFEBRUARY1999SESSION  STATEOFTENNESSEE, h   ) `   `     h   )  C.C.A.No.03C019806CR00210 P   ` Appellee,   h   ) @   `     h   )  KnoxCounty 0  v. `     h   )   p     `     h   )  HonorableMaryBethLeibowitz,Judge  DIANETAYLOR,   h   )   `     h   )  (Sentencing)   ` Appellant.   h   )  FORTHEAPPELLANT: h     FORTHEAPPELLEE: @ MarkE.Stephens   h     JohnKnoxWalkup  p DistrictPublicDefender h     AttorneyGeneral&Reporter ` 1209EuclidAvenue h     425FifthAvenueNorth P Knoxville,TN37921 h     Nashville,TN372430493 @ PaulaR.Voss   h     ToddR.Kelley   AssistantPublicDefender h     AssistantAttorneyGeneral ! 1209EuclidAvenue h     425FifthAvenueNorth "  Knoxville,TN37921 h     Nashville,TN372430493 #! (OnAppeal)    h      $"  `     h     RandallE.Nichols   x   (#  % # JuliaC.Auer   h     DistrictAttorneyGeneral p&!$ AssistantPublicDefender h     400MainStreet `'"% 1209EuclidAvenue h     Knoxville,TN379011468 P(#& Knoxville,TN37921(AtTrial)    h     WilliamJ.Blevins 0*%(  `     h     AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral `     h     400MainStreet `     h     Knoxville,TN379011468OPINIONFILED:______________________________AFFIRMEDL.T.LAFFERTY,SENIORJUDGE  0948   X X^o  7 ^o XXdXXd7OPINION# X^oX #   2 `  X^oXX X^oThedefendant,DianeTaylor,indictedforsixcountsofpassingworthlesschecks,  aClassDfelony,enteredpleasofguiltyinfourofthesixcounts.AsentencinghearingwasrequestedforthetrialcourttodetermineifeachcountshouldbeservedconcurrentlyorconsecutivelywithpriorunservedsentencesinKentucky.ThetrialcourtorderedthesentencestobeservedconcurrentlywitheachotherbutconsecutivelytotheKentuckysentences. ` Inthisappealofright,thedefendantchallengesthetrialcourtsimpositionofconsecutivesentences.Afterareviewoftherecord,briefsoftheparties,andapplicablelaw,weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.  BACKGROUND F     ` IntheJulytermof1997,theKnoxCountygrandjuryreturnedapresentment  V accusingthedefendantofpassingsixworthlesscheckstovariousbusinessinNovember,1996.Theworthlesscheckswereintheamountsof$1,200.00,$2,381.49,$970.42,$3,030.98,$2,527.57,and$1,604.02,totaling$11,714.48.OnJanuary20,1998,thedefendantenteredfourpleasofguilty,incounts1,2,5,and6,topassingworthlesschecks,aClassDfelony.Counts3and4weredismissed.Theagreedsentenceswerefouryearsoneachcounttorunconcurrently;however,thetrialcourtwastodetermineifthesentenceswouldbeservedconcurrentlyorconsecutivelywithpresentKentuckysentences.ApresentencereportwasrequestedforthesentencinghearingofFebruary13,1998.Therecorddoesnotcontainatranscriptoftheguiltypleahearing.  SENTENCINGHEARING 4/3     ` AsofFebruary13,1998,thedefendantwasservingasixyearsentenceimposed f837 bytheCircuitCourtofFayetteCounty,Kentucky.Thedefendantalsohadasentencing F:59 hearingpendingintheCircuitCourtofJeffersonCounty,Kentuckytodetermineifafiveyearsentencewouldbeservedconcurrentlyorconsecutivelytothesixyearsentence.Thesesentencesareforthedefendantsconvictionsoftheftbydeception,badchecks. ` ThedefendanttestifiedsheisaresidentofKentuckyandthatherfamilyresidesinLexington,Kentucky.ThedefendantverifiedshebeganservinghersixyearsentenceinApril,1997.InOctober,1996,thedefendantwasemployedatavideostoreinLexington,Kentucky.Thedefendant,describingherselfashavingemotionalproblemsandsufferingfromdepressionandlowselfesteem,developedarelationshipwithtwoofherbosses,BrantonJohnsonandClaytonLewis.ThedefendanthadsoughttreatmentforhermentalproblemsandsoadvisedJohnsonandLewis.ThedefendantdevelopedacloserrelationshipwithJohnson,describingtherelationshipas reallygoodfriends,orsoIthought. ` InOctoberandNovember,1996,bothJohnsonandLewishadthedefendantwritebadchecksinKentuckyandTennessee.Johnsonwouldtellthedefendantwheretogo,exactlywhattobuy,andthenthedefendantwouldwriteoutthechecks.Duringthetransactions,Johnsonwouldmaintaincontactwithherbyacellularphone.Oneachoccasion,atleastoneofthemenwouldaccompanyher.Shegavethemtheproceeds,keepingnothingforherself.ThedefendantrelatedthatitwasJohnsonsideatocometoTennesseeandcommittheseoffenses.Thedefendanttestifiedthatshewasmentallycoercedintowritingthevariousworthlesschecks.However,sheadmittedthatshewrotethechecks,acceptedherresponsibility,andknewthatitwaswrong.Thedefendantadmittedshehadapasthistoryofmisdemeanorconvictionsformisdemeanor񀀀passingworthlesschecksin1991.Also,thedefendantadvisedthetrialcourtthatshehadeightcountsoftheftbydeceptiondismissedinFayetteCounty,Kentucky.Attheconclusionofthesentencinghearing,thetrialcourtorderedthesentencestobeservedconsecutivelytotheKentuckysentences. 0948   SENTENCINGCONSIDERATIONS      ` Thedefendantcontendsherconvictionsdonotmeetthecriteriarequiredbylawfor p consecutivesentencing,andthetrialcourtfailedtoplaceontherecordthereasonsforconsecutivesentencinginviolationoftheSentencingActof1989.Thestatedisagrees,butconcedesthetrialcourtfailedtofullycomplywiththestatutoryprinciplesofsentencing,andthepresumptionofcorrectnessdoesnotapply. ` Whenthereisachallengetothelength,range,ormatterofserviceofasentence,ϜitT5s񛀜istthedutyofthisCourttoconducta denovo reviewwithapresumptionthatthe  determinationsmadebythetrialcourtarecorrect.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d).Thispresumptionis conditionedupontheaffirmativeshowingintherecordthatthetrialcourtconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsandcircumstances.Statev. 0 Ashby,823S.W.2d166,169(Tenn.1991);seeStatev.Jones,883S.W.2d597,600 ` (Tenn.1994).TheSentencingCommissionCommentsprovidethattheburdenisonthedefendanttoshowtheimproprietyofthesentence. ` Ourreviewrequiresananalysisof:(1)theevidence,ifany,receivedatthetrialorsentencinghearing;(2)thepresentencereport;(3)theprinciplesofsentencingandtheargumentsofcounselrelativetosentencingalternatives;(4)thenatureandcharacteristicsoftheoffense;(5)anymitigatingorenhancingfactors;(6)anystatementsmadebythedefendantinherownbehalf;and(7)thedefendantspotentialforrehabilitationortreatment.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035102to103,210;Statev.Smith,735S.W.2d859, -@), 863(Tenn.Crim.App.1987).AlthoughthedefendantandthestatecontendthetrialcourtdidnotcomplywiththesentencingprinciplesoftheSentencingActof1989,ourreviewoftherecordleadsustobelievethetrialcourtsubstantiallycompliedwithsentencingprinciples.Thus,ourreviewiswithapresumptionofcorrectness. ` Consecutivesentencesmaybeimposedinthediscretionofthetrialcourt,based 0948 uponapreponderanceoftheevidence,onlyuponadeterminationthatoneormoreofthefollowingcriteriaexists:'XX/ hXX'8 ` 8 ` (#` (#(1)8/ Thedefendantisaprofessionalcriminalwhohas p knowinglydevotedsuchdefendantslifetocriminalactsasamajorsourceoflivelihood; / Y/ Y 8 ` 8 ` (#` (#(2)8/ Thedefendantisanoffenderwhoserecordofcriminal 0  activityisextensive; / Y/ Y 8 ` 8 ` (#` (#(3)8/ Thedefendantisadangerousmentallyabnormal P  personsodeclaredbyacompetentpsychiatristwhoconcludesasaresultofaninvestigationpriortosentencingthatthedefendantscriminalconducthasbeencharacterizedbyapatternofrepetitiveorcompulsivebehaviorwithheedlessindifferencetoconsequences; / Y/ Y 8 ` 8 ` (#` (#(4)8/ Thedefendantisadangerousoffenderwhose  behaviorindicateslittleornoregardforhumanlife,andnohesitationaboutcommittingacrimeinwhichtherisktohumanlifeishigh; / Y/ Y 8 ` 8 ` (#` (#(5)8/ Thedefendantisconvictedoftwo(2)ormore 0 statutoryoffensesinvolvingsexualabuseofaminorwithconsiderationoftheaggravatingcircumstancesarisingfromtherelationshipbetweenthedefendantandvictimorvictims,thetimespanofdefendantsundetectedsexualactivity,thenatureandscopeofthesexualactsandtheextentoftheresidual,physicalandmentaldamagetothevictimorvictims; / Y/ Y 8 ` 8 ` (#` (#(6)8/ Thedefendantissentencedforanoffensecommitted #! whileonprobation;or / Y/ Y 8 ` 8 ` (#` (#(7)8/ Thedefendantissentencedforcriminalcontempt.p&!$/ Y/ Y Tenn.CodeAnn.4035115(b). ` OurreviewofthisissuerevealsthatTenn.R.Crim.P.32(c)(2)isalsorelevant. Ifthedefendanthasadditionalsentencesorportionsthereoftoserve,astheresultofconvictioninotherstatesorinfederalcourt,thesentenceimposedshallbeconsecutivetheretounlessthecourtshalldetermineintheexerciseofitsdiscretionthatgoodcauseexiststorunthesentencesconcurrentlyandexplicitlysoorders.Statev.MichaelS. 3.2 Holmes,No.02C019802CC00048,1998WL779612,at*6(Tenn.Crim.App.,Jackson, p504 November10,1998). 0948  ` Atthesentencinghearing,thetrialcourtfoundthedefendanthadseveralpriorconvictionsfortheftbydeception(worthlesschecksinKentucky),thedefendanthadsimilaroffensespendinginasentencinghearinginKentucky,thedefendanthadeightsimilarcountsdismissedinFayetteCounty,Kentucky,andthedefendanthadapriormisdemeanorconvictionforpassingaworthlesscheckin1991.Furthermore,thetrialcourtfoundthatthefraudulentcheckswereforanenormousamountofmoney,closeto$10,000, #  1      ׀causingmajorharmtothevictimsinthisstate,andthedefendanttraveledto @  Tennesseeandengagedinwritingtheseworthlesschecks,knowingfullwellthatitwaswrong.Thetrialcourtalsofoundthatthedefendantmayhavebeenthreatenedincommittingtheseoffenses;thatshedidnotreceiveanyoftheproceeds;andthattheincidentspresentednophysicalinjurytoothers.ThetrialcourtcommentedonthefactthathadthedefendantneverbeeninKentuckybutcommittedonlytheTennesseeoffenses,shewouldprobablybeeligibleforprobation,stating, IwishIcoulddosomethinginbetweenwhatIhavehere,inbetweenthetwo.ImnotsurehowIcouldpossiblystructuresuchathing.Ireallycant. ` TherehasbeennoshowingofgoodcausewhichwoulddictatetherunningofthesesentencesconcurrentlywiththedefendantsKentuckyconvictions.Thetrialcourtdidnotfindany,nordowe.Thejudgmentofthetrialcourtisaffirmed. XuXX XD `   /  h     ________________________________________ 0*%(  `   /  h     L.T.LAFFERTY,SENIORJUDGECONCUR:___________________________________JERRYL.SMITH,JUDGE___________________________________# XDXX Xu:# 4H04 THOMAST.WOODALL,JUDGE