WPC yb-Kem.|Ib|7lgsk*ȟN+NyxyeD_) #)ͥc1eCKh4[Ww +KLtɭ0iQ쮤/W׾C#swwҽa:jٴ6E3M X@-Tc[v0ǔ(;0? Y:Lp$~hKDZ/Om? yƩTNLD*!BJ,7З>t۝4nwE9 YM<6[jД{rc AB, ^7qxk~!9)_;F~UU`!mWc|fS-KGXSMer3)f:;2-MGz:( z&pv=Go3"P -n;V9#z͎#At5zDU7%2+l<rPU.F %t bz #~  U:E  n < 0(D U:l w 4Xl 0 0DU:*U: BIIIIIIII D3fff 0D AO,, 0D D/6 Be<6X9`(CourierX   $XbeXXX `   2    ݀Inthedefendantsbrief,thedefendantarguesthatanarrestwarrantor `  searchwarrantshouldhavebeenobtained.Thelegalityofthearrestisnotrelevanttothedeterminationofwhetherthedefendantcommittedtheoffenseofresistingarrest,unlessthedefendantisclaimingselfdefenseagainstexcessiveforcefromofficers.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.3916602(b),11611(e)(1997). D$X XXX `   1    ݀Tenn.CodeAnn.3916602(a)(1997).,cAZ"Arial Regular3|xxQ<6X9`(CourierXx6X@`7X@($,  AZ"Arial RegularSQETQUQEVQWQEXQYQDZQ[QD\Q]QE^Q_QD`QDaQbQDcQDdQDeQfQ1egQDhQiQDjQkQDlQmQEnQoQӀuM%  $X/vXXX `   3    ݀Inoralargument,thedefendantcontendedthatTroutmanonlyappliesto `  DUIcases.However,thiscourthasappliedTroutmantoothermisdemeanor P  cases.See,e.g.,Statev.SteveA.Baggett,No.01C019710CC00464,slipop. @  at3(Tenn.Crim.App.,Nashville,May4,1999)(recklessdriving);Statev. 0  RobertPatton,No.03C019711CC00502,slipop.at5(Tenn.Crim.App.,   Knoxville,Apr.28,1999)(assault); X/vXXX/vStatev.DionAndresRussell,No.03C01  9803CR00092,slipop.at14(Tenn.Crim.App.,Knoxville,Apr.7,1999)(resistingarrest,evadingarrestandincitingtoriot).#X/vXX X/v#(I(2D$  !  X XXX `   0  (#$  0  ,cAZ"Arial Regular X XXX XX    Ad FILEDX X   June30,1999CecilW.CrowsonAppellateCourtClerkdAM ,cAZ"Arial Regular d""""'dxd(3$  !  -C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd  !  fQfQfQfQ`   TR[A'Legal3'A' Legal3'T Xr XXX7 r  XXdd7  oQr*<,(j 8` `@Ef ` 8ttxP`  rߛoQ @ INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE P  ̀@@@'ATNASHVILLE 0  @$APRIL1999SESSION    STATEOFTENNESSEE, h     ) p  p   `     h     ) p  `   `  Appellee, h     ) p C.C.A.No.01C019807CC00288 P   `     h     ) p  @  vs. `     h     ) p WilliamsonCounty 0   `     h     ) p       DANIELM.TIDWELL, h     ) p Hon.DonaldP.Harris,Judge p  `     h     ) p  `   `  Appellant. h     ) p (ResistingArrest) P  `     h      p  `     h      `     h      p FORTHEAPPELLANT: h      p FORTHEAPPELLEE:   J.TIMOTHYSTREET h      p MICHAELE.MOORE   136FourthAve.,South h      p SolicitorGeneral  Franklin,TN37064   h     p  `     h      p KIMR.HELPER  !`  `     h      p AssistantAttorneyGeneral "P  `     h      p 425FifthAve.N.,2dFloor  #@  `     h      p Nashville,TN372430493  $0   `     h    `     h      p JOSEPHD.BAUGH,JR.  p&  `     h      p DistrictAttorneyGeneral `'   `     h      p LEEDRYER  @)"   `     h      p AssistantDistrictAttorney 0* #  `     h      p P.O.Box937 `     h      p Franklin,TN370650937 ` OPINIONFILED:________________AFFIRMEDJAMESCURWOODWITT,JR.,JUDGE  @8.2  <26 @qq* OPINION  `  X XX Xr 'X, XX' # Xr XXX &#Thedefendant,DanielM.Tidwell,appealsfromhisconvictionfor   resistingarrest, #  1      ׀aClassBmisdemeanor,intheWilliamsonCountyCircuitCourt.  ThetrialcourtimposedasentenceofsixmonthstobesuspendedfQfQafterfQfQservingtendaysinthelocaljail.Inthisdirectappeal,thedefendantchallengesthesufficiencyoftheevidenceandthemannerofserviceofhissentence.Afterareviewoftherecord,thebriefsoftheparties,andtheapplicablelaw,weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt. Theresistingarrestconvictionarisesfroma911callplacedfromthedefendantshome.Thedefendantswiferequestedassistanceattheirhomebecausethedefendanthadhither.Whenpoliceofficersarrived,thedefendantlockedhimselfinhishouse.Theofficerstriedtocontactthedefendantbycallinghimonthetelephoneandtalkingtohimthroughbullhornsandapatrolcarspublicaddresssystem.Thedefendantdidnotrespondtoanyoftheseattempts.Oncetheofficerslearnedfromthedefendantswifethatthedefendanthadmedicalproblems,CaptainRickyWatsondecidedtoforceentryintothehousewithoutobtaininganarrestwarrantorsearchwarrant.Theofficersfoundthedefendantinthefrontbedroomofthehomelyingwithhisbacktotheofficers.Theofficersadvisedthedefendantthathewasunderarrest.Astheofficersattemptedtohandcuffthedefendant,hefQfQ flailedfQfQhisarmsandstruggledwiththeofficers.Thedefendantcomplainedofchestpain,andtheofficersremovedthehandcuffs.Herefusedmedicalattention;therefore,theofficerscuffedhishandsinthefrontofhisbody.Fromthisevidence,thecourtfoundthedefendantguiltyofresistingarrest. `6-0 Ѐ  I.  @     Thedefendantcontendsthatthereisinsufficientproofofforcetosustainhisconvictionforresistingarrest.WXbeXX Xbehenanaccusedchallengesthe  sufficiencyoftheevidence,anappellatecourtsstandardofreviewiswhether,afterconsideringtheevidenceinthelightmostfavorabletotheprosecution,anyrational `  trieroffactcouldhavefoundtheessentialelementsofthecrimebeyondareasonabledoubt.Jacksonv.Virginia,443U.S.307,324,99S.Ct.2781,279192   (1979);Statev.Duncan,698S.W.2d63,67(Tenn.1985);Tenn.R.App.P.13(e). ` Thisruleappliestofindingsofguiltbasedupondirectevidence,circumstantialevidence,oracombinationofdirectandcircumstantialevidence.Statev.Dykes,   803S.W.2d250,253(Tenn.Crim.App.1990).# XbeXXXbeg#  XbeXX Xbe Indeterminingthesufficiencyoftheevidence,thiscourtshouldnot !` reweighorreevaluatetheevidence.Statev.Matthews,805S.W.2d776,779 #@ (Tenn.Crim.App.1990).Questionsconcerningthecredibilityofthewitnesses,theweightandvalueoftheevidence,aswellasallfactualissuesraisedbytheevidenceareresolvedbythetrieroffact.Statev.Cabbage,571S.W.2d832,835 @)" (Tenn.1978).Normaythiscourtsubstituteitsinferencesforthosedrawnbythetrieroffactfromtheevidence.Liakasv.State,199Tenn.298,305,286S.W.2d -#& 856,859(1956);Farmerv.State,574S.W.2d49,51(Tenn.Crim.App.1978).On .%( thecontrary,thiscourtmustaffordtheStateofTennesseethestrongestlegitimateviewoftheevidencecontainedintherecordaswellasallreasonableandlegitimateinferenceswhichmaybedrawnfromtheevidence.Cabbage,571S.W.2dat835.# XbeXXXbe# 4 +.  XbeXX Xbe Resistingarrestis intentionallyprevent[ing]orobstruct[ing]anyoneknowntothepersontobealawenforcementofficer...fromeffectingastop,frisk,  :04 halt,arrestorsearchofanyperson,includingthedefendant,byusingforceagainstthelawenforcementofficeroranother.Tenn.CodeAnn.3916602(a)(1997).Forceisdefinedas compulsionbytheuseofphysicalpowerorviolenceandshallbebroadlyconstruedtoaccomplishthepurposesofthistitle.Tenn.CodeAnn.3911106(a)(12)(1997). Thedefendantcontendsthatwavinghisarmswhiletheofficersattemptedtohandcuffhimdoesnotconstitutetheforcenecessarytosustainaconvictionforresistingarrest.Accordingtothedefendant,thiscaseisanalogoustoStatev.Corder,854S.W.2d653(Tenn.Crim.App.1992).InCorder,the @ defendant refusedtogetintothepatrolcarandusedobscenelanguageattheofficers.Corder,854S.W.2dat655.Thiswasinsufficientproofofforce,andthe  convictionforresistingarrestwasdismissed.Id.   WefindthiscasetobemoreanalogoustoStatev.WilliamRandy #@ Jackson,No.02C019405CC00097(Tenn.Crim.App.,Jackson,Mar.1,1995) %  andStatev.RonaldDavidLee,No.03C019410CR00393(Tenn.Crim.App., `'  Knoxville,July6,1995).InfQfQWilliamRandyJackson,fQfQthedefendantbarricaded @)" himselfinsideahouseandrefusedtoleavethehouse.fQfQWilliamRandyJackson,fQfQslip  +!$ op.at3.Theofficersusedteargastoforcethedefendantoutofthehouse.Id.In -#& ordertohandcuffthedefendant,theofficershadtogainphysicalcontroloverhim.Id.ThemaindifferencebetweenthiscaseandfQfQWilliamRandyJacksonfQfQfQfQisfQfQfQfQthatfQfQ 0`'* Jacksonpossessedaweapon.However,thiscourtconsideredthefactsthatfQfQJacksonbarricadedhimselfinahouseandrefusedtofollowinstructionsoncehewasforcedoutsidethehouseinaffirminghisconvictionforresistingarrest.Id.at `6-0 5.# XbeXXXbe6 #XbeXX XbeInfQfQRonaldDavidLee,fQfQthedefendant wrestledandstruggledwiththeofficer @8.2 attemptingtohandcuffhimfQfQandhadfQfQtobeforcedintothepolicecar.fQfQRonaldDavid  :04 Lee,fQfQslipop.at3.Inaffirmingtheconviction,thiscourtfoundtheevidence `  supportedthefindingthatthedefendantusedforcetoresistarrestbecausetheofficerhadto wrestlewiththedefendanttohandcuffhim.Id.at7.   # XbeXXXbe)#XbeXX XbeԀ   ThestatecitesStatev.EdwardIroghuehiIsibor,No.01C019610CC  00441(Tenn.Crim.App.,Nashville,Sept.30,fQfQ1997),fQfQtosupportfQfQitsfQfQargumentthatwavingthearmsandstrugglingwithapoliceofficertopreventfrombeinghandcuffedissufficientforcetosustainaconvictionforresistingarrest.InfQfQIgQdgQhQsiborhQiQ.iQ,fQfQ   thedefendantstruggledandflailedhisarmstoavoidbeinghandcuffed.IjQdjQkQsiborkQmQ,mQlQ.lQnQ,nQslipop. ` at5.Theofficerhadtospraythedefendantwith Freezetosubduehim.Id.This @ courtfoundtheevidencesufficienttosupporttheconvictionforresistingarrest.Id.    Inthiscase,thedefendantfQfQlockedfQfQhimselfinsidehisresidenceandrefusedtofQfQrespondtotheofficersaRQttemptstoascertainhisconditiRQSQRQnoandRQSQTQonandtoinvestigateapossibleasTQUQTQaTQUQVQsaultcriVQWQVQeVQWQXQmeXQ.fQfQWhenofficersforcedentryandattemptedtohandcuffthedefendant,hefQfQYQwavedYQZQflailedZQfQfQhisarmsandstruggledwiththeofficers.Inthelightmostfavorabletothestate,thedefendantusedfQfQ[Qthe[Q\Qsufficien\Q]Q\Qg\Q]Q^Qt^QfQfQforcefQfQ_Qnecessary_QtofQfQfQfQ`Qsustain`QaQsupportaQfQfQaconvictionforresistingarrest. #  2      ׀ @)"    II.  -#& 3 Thedefendantchallengestheimpositionofaperiodofconfinement.Indeterminingwhetherthetrialcourthasproperlysentencedanindividual,thiscourtengagesinadenovoreviewoftherecordwithapresumptionthatthetrial 2@), court'sdeterminationswerecorrect.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d)(1997).Inconductingourdenovoreview,wemustconsidertheevidenceatsentencing,the @  presentencereport,thesentencingprinciples,theargumentsofcounsel,thestatementsofthedefendant,thenatureandcharacteristicsoftheoffense,anymitigatingandenhancementfactors,andthedefendantsamenabilitytorehabilitation.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035210(b)(Supp.1998);Tenn.CodeAnn.4035103(5)fQfQ(1997)bQ;bQbQAshbybQbQ,823S.W.2dat168bQ.fQfQ# XbeXXXbeb,#XbeXX XbeOnappeal,theappellanthastheburdenofshowingthatthe @  sentenceimposedisimproper.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d),SentencingComm'nCommentsfQfQ(1997)cQ;cQcQAshbycQcQ,823S.W.2dat169cQ.fQfQ ` # XbeXXXbe7#XbeXX Xbe Infelonysentencing,thetrialcourthasanaffirmativedutytostatein   therecord,eitherorallyorinwriting,whichenhancementandmitigatingfactorsit  foundanditsfindingsoffact.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035209(c)(1997);Tenn.CodeAnn.4035210(f)(Supp.1998);Statev.Troutman,979S.W.2d271,274(Tenn. !` 1998).Incontrast,themisdemeanorsentencingstatuteonlyrequiresthatthetrialcourtconsidertheenhancementandmitigatingfactorswhencalculatingthe %  percentageofthesentencetobeserved"inactualconfinement"priorto"considerationforworkrelease,furlough,trustystatusandrelatedrehabilitativeprograms."Tenn.CodeAnn.4035302(d)(1997);Troutman,979S.W.2dat  +!$ 274.# XbeXXXbe8# Indeterminingwhethertograntprobation,thejudgemustconsiderthenatureandcircumstancesoftheoffense,thedefendantscriminalrecord,theirbackgroundandsocialhistory,theirpresentcondition,includingtheirphysicalandmentalcondition,thedeterrenteffectonothercriminalactivity,andthelikelihoodthatprobationisinthebestinterestsofboththepublicandthedefendant.Stiller @8.2 v.State,516S.W.2d617,620(Tenn.1974).Thedefendantbearstheburdenof  :04 establishingsuitabilityforprobation,evenwhenthedefendantispresumedtobeeligibleforprobation.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035303(a)(b)(1997). @   Thedefendantcontendsthatthetrialjudgedidnotmakefindingsontherecordregardingtheapplicableenhancementormitigatingfactors;therefore,thepresumptionofcorrectnessshouldnotapply.ThetrialjudgesfindingswerefQfQdQcursorydQeQbriefeQ;fQfQhowever,thejudgeisnotrequiredtostatefindingsontherecordregardingtheapplicableenhancementormitigatingfactorsinmisdemeanorsentencing. #  3      ׀See   Troutman,979S.W.2dat274;Statev.ClintonE.Key,No.01C019805CR00229, ` slipop.at3(Tenn.Crim.App.,Nashville,Apr.20,fQfQ1999).cQcQfQfQAssuch,thelackofdetailedfindingsisnotabasistoremovethepresumptionofcorrectnessofamisdemeanorsentence.SeeStatev.LaurenE.LeslieandJanieWhitehead,No.  03C019804CR00125,slipop.at4(Tenn.Crim.App.,Knoxville,Mar.23,1999).X/vXX X/v  !`  Therecordofthecaseatbarreflectsthatthetrialcourtconsideredtherelevantsentencingprinciplesandconsiderations.Accordingly,itsdeterminationisentitledtothepresumptionofcorrectness.# X/vXXX/vD#X/vXX X/v `'   # X/vXXX/vE#Indeterminingthesentence,thetrialcourtfoundthatthedefendant  +!$ hadnopriorcriminalrecord.ThetrialcourtvoicedconcernoverthreatsthedefendantmadetopoliceofficersunderoathduringtheGeneralSessionstrialinthismatter.Asanaside,thetrialjudgestatedthatthearrestwasillegal,butthe 0`'* officersthoughtitwasbesttoforceentryintothedefendantshome.X/vXX X/v `  # X/vXXX/vG#X/vXX X/v Weconcludethatthetrialcourtdidnoterrinimposingtendaysconfinementpriortoprobation.Indecidingwhethertograntprobation,thetrialjudgemustconsider# X/vXXX/vHH#thebestinterestsofboththepublicandthedefendantX/vXX X/v.See  Stiller,516S.W.2dat620.Thefactthatthedefendantmadethreatstopolice `  officerswhileunderoathathisGeneralSessionstrialsupportsthetrialjudgesimpositionoftendaysconfinement. # X/vXXX/vxI# Inconsiderationoftheforegoingandtherecordasawhole,weaffirmthetrialcourt.    h     ________________________________    h     JAMESCURWOODWITT,JR.,JUDGECONCUR:_______________________________JOHNH.PEAY,JUDGE_______________________________DAVIDH.WELLES,JUDGE