WPC] 5UN %D 0(Jw@r4 0 0D] 0J 0T 0^? 0h 0rw 0| 0 0 1u 0d AQ; 0D 0@E 0D D/ B B D32 U>e U* B) DC AM9 2  mv~ v(9 Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($ MN[OPQERSTEUӀan~<$3|xa(8(2b$ !   `   0  (#$  0  2 0Indent123  2" 0Indent20 23  2, 0Indent30 0 23  26 0Indent40 0 0 23  2@ 0Indent50 0 0 0 23  2J 0Indent60 0 0 0 0 23  2T 0Indent70 0 0 0 0 0 23  2^ 0Indent80 0 0 0 0 0 0 23   ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P 8Mac DefaultMac Default ` X !"#%C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !  ("$    ($$   1  ''' dxd dP Pd&&&&'dxd<  9p`(&Times New Roman<  9p`(Arial% Line 7 d----7Border 1dd ".C << G ( !  #d#+  !"  ,,   YYY FILED,X March12,1998CecilCrowson,Jr.,AppellateCourtClerk  !#d#+   $           Nonewproofwasheardbyagreementoftheparties. c !#d#+   $           Theoppositeisalsotrue;simplyenumeratingthethreerights,withoutmore,willnotestablishthepleaswerevoluntarilyandknowinglyentered.Blankenship,858S.W.2dat905.PtPtHH(EG(HH(d'`Styl{WP}01  HH  2$HH  Geneva  <Px443!#4$*$$*$ KK  Geneva  Geneva .,6 Geneva   ion-F Geneva  ion-F Geneva ! . +       ,\RA'\75-XXdd7   R/0.A1-j|`  `@Rߛ @ INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE@ ATJACKSON@ JANUARY1998SESSIONMICHAELALLENUNDERWOOD, @ )@ ) NO.02C019701CR00032  Appellant,@ )@ ) SHELBYCOUNTY VS. @ )@ ) HON.W.FREDAXLEY,STATEOFTENNESSEE, @ ) JUDGE @ ) Appellee.@ ) (PostConviction)y FORTHEAPPELLANT:DAVIDM.LIVINGSTON 111WestMainStreetBrownsville,TN38012 FORTHEAPPELLEE:JOHNKNOXWALKUP AttorneyGeneralandReporter KENNETHW.RUCKER AssistantAttorneyGeneralCordellHullBuilding,2ndFloor425FifthAvenueNorthNashville,TN372430493 WILLIAML.GIBBONS DistrictAttorneyGeneral TERRELLL.HARRIS AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral201PoplarStreet,Suite301Memphis,TN381031947 OPINIONFILED:򀀀AFFIRMEDJOEG.RILEY,JUDGE  OPINION   Thepetitioner,MichaelAllenUnderwood,appealsthetrialcourt'sdenialofpostconvictionrelief.Thetrialcourtfoundthestatemetitsburdenofprovingbyclearandconvincingevidencethepetitionerknowinglyandvoluntarilypledguiltytovariousoffenses.Thejudgmentofthetrialcourtisaffirmed.  I.   InSeptember1986,thepetitionerpledguiltytotwo(2)countsofburglaryandone(1)countofreceivingstolenproperty.Hewassentencedtoconcurrentfour(4)yearsentencesfortheburglarychargesandone(1)yearforreceivingstolenproperty. In1988,thepetitionerfiledapostconvictionpetitionalleginghisguiltypleaswerenotknowinglyandvoluntarilyenteredandwereconstitutionallyinfirmsincehewasnotadvisedofcertainconstitutionalrights.ThetrialcourtheldahearinginJune1992,andfoundthepleastobevalid.ThisCourtϜremandedforaharmlesserroranalysisasoutlinedinJohnsonv.State,834S.W.2d922(Tenn.1992).MichaelAllenUnderwoodv.State,C.C.A.No.02C019207CR00163,ShelbyCounty(Tenn.Crim.App.filedJune2,1993,atJackson).Specificallywefoundthetrialcourtimproperlyplacedtheburdenofprovingthepleaswereinvoluntaryorunknowinguponthepetitionerinsteadofthestate. Thetrialcourtsubsequentlyreviewedtherecordandconcludedanypreviouserrorswereharmlessbecausetheevidenceshowedclearlyandconvincinglythatthepetitionerwasawareofhisconstitutionalrightsatthetimehispleaswereentered. 1   ׀Thatrulingisthebasisofthisappeal.  II   TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtinBoykinv.Alabama,395U.S.238,244,89S.Ct.1709,1713,23L.Ed.2d274(1969),heldthatdefendantsmustwaivecertainrightsinorderfortheirdecisiontopleadguiltytobeconsideredknowingandvoluntary.Theserightsincludetherighttoajurytrial,therighttoconfrontwitnesses,andtherightagainstselfincrimination.Id.Theserightscannotbevalidlywaivedwithoutanintentionalrelinquishment,whichcannotbepresumedfromasilentrecord.Id.Toensureguiltypleasareentered knowinglyandintelligently,Boykininstructsthetrialcourttodiscusswiththeaccusedtheconsequencesofthedecision.395U.S.at244,89S.Ct.at1712. Whenatrialcourtfailstoadviseanaccusedoftheserights,theburdenshiftstothestatetoproveaconstitutionalplea.Johnsonv.State,834S.W.2dat925.Thefailuredoesnot,inandofitself,entitlethedefendanttorelief,however.Id.Thestatemayprovebyclearandconvincingevidenceeithersubstantialcompliancewiththeadvicerequirementbyshowingthepetitionerwasmadeawareofhisconstitutionalrights,orthatthepetitionerindependentlyknewofhisconstitutionalrights,renderingthetrialcourtsomissionharmless.Id. Thestandardfordeterminingsubstantialcomplianceorharmlesserrornecessarilyrequiresinquiryintocircumstantialfactorssurroundingtheplea.Blankenshipv.State,858S.W.2d897,904(Tenn.1993),(citingCaudillv.Jago,747F.2d1046,1052(6thCir.1984)).Therelativeintelligenceofthedefendant,thedegreeofhisfamiliaritywithcriminalproceedings,theopportunitytoconferwithcompetentcounselregardingpleaoptions,theextentofadvicefromcounselandthecourtregardingthechargesfaced,andthedesiretoavoidagreaterpunishmentresultingfromajurytrialareallrelevantfactorsacourtcouldusetofinda knowingand intelligentplea.Blankenship,858S.W.2dat904.   III.    TheTennesseeSupremeCourtestablishedguidelinesforreviewingguiltypleasinStatev.Neal,810S.W.2d131(Tenn.1991).TheCourtheldthat absolutelyliteralcompliancewiththeadvicetobegivenisnotrequired.Id.at137. Substantialcompliancewouldsufficeaslongasthe senseofthesubstanceoftherequiredadvice...is[expressedtoanaccusedpriortoapleaofguilty].Id. Blankenshipv.StatepresentedourSupremeCourtwithanearlyidenticalsituationtothecasesubjudice.Blankenshipenteredguiltypleaswithoutbeingexplicitlyforewarnedthathehadarightnottoincriminatehimself.858S.W.2dat899.Thepleaswerefoundinallotheraspectstobe knowingand voluntary.Id.TheCourtfound,basedonfederallawaswellasitsdecisioninNeal,afailuretopreciselyrecitethethree Boykinrightsdoesnotautomaticallyentitleapetitionertorelieffromtheeffectsofpriorguiltypleas.Id.at905. 2   ׀Theomissionofadviceregardingtherightagainstselfincriminationwasfoundtobe atmost,harmlessunderthefactsandcircumstancesofthecase.Id.   IV.   Uponremand,thetrialcourtinthiscasefoundthestateprovedbyclearandconvincingevidencethepetitionerwasawareofhisrightsand,accordingly,ruledtheguiltypleasknowingandvoluntary. Specifically,thetrialcourtfoundthepetitionerpledguiltytosimilarcrimesfour(4)yearspriortothepleasinthepresentcase.Atthattimethepetitionerwasadvisedofhisrighttopleadnotguiltyandgototrial,righttocounsel,righttocrossexaminewitnesses,callwitnessesonhisownbehalf,andappeal.Inadditionheexecutedawrittenwaiverofvariousrights.Asimilarwrittenwaiverwasexecutedbypetitioneruponentryofthesubjectguiltypleas.Thetrialcourtfoundthepetitionertobelessthancredibleandquotednumerousinconsistenciesinhistestimony.Thetrialcourtfurthernotedthepetitionerhadgraduatedfromhighschoolandattendedsomecollege.Whenitexaminedtheevidenceasawhole,thetrialcourtconcludedthestatehadmetitsburdenofprovingbyclearandconvincingevidencesubstantialcomplianceandharmlesserrorregardingtheadvicerequirements.  V.   Thetrialjudge'sfindingsoffactonpostconvictionhearingsareconclusiveonappealunlesstheevidencepreponderatesotherwise.Butlerv.State,789S.W.2d898,899900(Tenn.1990);Adkinsv.State,911S.W.2d334,354(Tenn.Crim.App.1995).Thetrialcourtsfindingsoffactareaffordedtheweightofajuryverdict,andthisCourtisboundbythetrialcourtsfindingsunlesstheevidenceintherecordpreponderatesagainstthosefindings.Henleyv.State,򀀀S.W.2d򀀀(Tenn.1997);Dixonv.State,934S.W.2d69,72(Tenn.Crim.App.1996).ThisCourtmaynotreweighorreevaluatetheevidence,norsubstituteitsinferencesforthosedrawnbythetrialjudge.Henleyv.State,򀀀S.W.2dat򀀀;Masseyv.State,929S.W.2d399,403(Tenn.Crim.App.1996);Blackv.State,794S.W.2d752,755(Tenn.Crim.App.1990).Questionsconcerningthecredibilityofwitnessesandtheweightandvaluetobegiventotheirtestimonyareresolvedbythetrialcourt,notthiscourt.Henleyv.State,򀀀S.W.2dat򀀀;Blackv.State,794S.W.2dat755.Theburdenofestablishingthattheevidencepreponderatesotherwiseisonpetitioner.Henleyv.State,򀀀S.W.2dat򀀀;Blackv.State,794S.W.2dat755. Wefindtheevidencedoesnotpreponderateagainstthetrialcourtsfindings;therefore,thejudgmentofthetrialcourtisAFFIRMED.̛̜       __________________________       JOEG.RILEY,JUDGECONCUR:______________________________JOEB.JONES,PRESIDINGJUDGE______________________________PAULG.SUMMERS,JUDGE