ÿWPCè …# VUNa %¯ 0(µbÝw@å4% 9 0lH 0D´ ø 0J 0TJ 0^ž 0hü 0rd 0|Ö 0†R 0Ø 1uh 0dÝ U>AU *B)©DCÒ B AM2 D3šåÍv~² 0@0vÓp AOCÆ’ 0DX D/œ B˘HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLlÎ(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡- ù- EDDÓ€Úƒç"„ÔôrJ"|x!((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d%%%%7Border 1dd d€-&Cþÿ << Gÿÿ Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€#ÔÝ  ÝÔ€$ÔÔ€$ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€$XÔÌÌò òSeptember€9,€1997ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€$ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó'''''ÿÿdxd ÛÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€#ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€$ÔÔ€$ôÔTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„102.ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'h("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  ÒStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€#ÔÝ  ÝÑ ` ÑÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€#ŠÔÔ€$ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ€ÑÑ7€¬ËXXdðdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò òÙ€€ÙßR€()&A1-j|` Å `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAT€KNOXVILLEÌÌJULY€SESSION,€1997ÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à à)à àC.C.A.€NO.€03C01„9608„CR„00325Ìà àà àà àà àà à)ó óÌà àAppellee,à àà àà àò ò)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà à)à àSULLIVAN€COUNTYÌVS.à àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.€JERRY€R.€BECKó óÌò òMALCOMB€WAMPLER,ó óà àò ò)à àJUDGEó óÌà àà àà àà àà àò ò)ó óÌà àAppellant.à àà àà àò ò)à àó ó(Aggravated€Assault)ò òÌó óÌÌò òÓ  ÓON€APPEAL€FROM€THE€JUDGMENT€OF€THEÌCRIMINAL€COURT€OF€SULLIVAN€COUNTYó óÌÌÌòòÓ  ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à àà àà àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:ÌÌGALE€K.€FLANARYà àà àà àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÌAssistant€Public€Defenderà àà àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌP.O.€Box€839ÌBlountville,€TN€37617à àà àà àCLINTON€J.€MORGANÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà à425€5th€Avenue€NorthÌà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àGREELEY€WELLSÌà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àGREG€NEWMANà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àBlountville,€TN€37617ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGEÇò òòòÓ  ÓÔ€$°ÔOPINIONóóó óÔ€$ŠÔÌÌÌÌÓÓÓ  Óà àThe€Defendant€appeals€as€of€right€from€his€conviction€entered€on€a€juryÏverdict€finding€him€guilty€of€aggravated€assault.× ƒ+ ××  ×€€In€this€appeal,€he€argues€thatÏthe€evidence€presented€at€trial€was€insufficient€to€support€a€finding€that€he€(1)Ïcaused€the€victims€to€reasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury,€or€(2)€that€he€usedÏor€displayed€a€deadly€weapon.€€We€disagree€and€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trialÏcourt.ÌÌà àShortly€before€midnight€on€February€16,€1995,€the€Bristol,€TennesseeÏPolice€Department€received€a€telephone€call€œfrom€a€woman€reporting›€œa›Ïdisturbance€at€a€residence€located€in€Bristol.€€The€caller€reported€that€there€wasÏan€intoxicated€person,€later€identified€as€the€Defendant,€who€was€on€theÏpremises€and€would€not€leave.€€Two€police€officers€were€dispatched€to€theÏhome€and€were€told€that€the€Defendant€was€in€a€garage€apartment€or€workÏshed€located€behind€the€house.€€œThe€Defendantððs€uncle,€who€was€the€callerððsÏboyfriend,€was€in€the€shed€with€him.€€As›€the€officers€approached€the€work€shed,Ïthe€Defendant€came€out€the€door€waving€a€pistol€which€appeared€to€be€a€.45Ïcaliber€semi„automatic.€€As€the€lead€officer€ð ðhit€the€ground,ðð€the€Defendant,€whoÍwas€standing€about€twenty€feet€from€the€officers,€pointed€the€pistol€at€the€headÏof€the€second€officer.€€As€both€officers€were€in€the€process€of€drawing€theirÏweapons,€one€of€the€occupants€of€the€residence,€œthe›€œsame€woman›€who€calledÏthe€police,€intervened€and€began€to€ð ðwrestleðð€with€the€Defendant.€€Both€officersÏwere€yelling€for€the€Defendant€to€drop€the€gun.€€The€Defendant€did€drop€the€gunÏshortly€thereafter.€€The€Defendant€was€taken€into€custody€at€that€time.ÌÌà àThe€Sullivan€County€grand€jury€indicted€the€Defendant€for€aggravatedÏassault€in€that€he€intentionally€and€knowingly€caused€the€police€officers€toÏreasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury€by€the€use€œor›€display€of€a€deadlyÏweapon,€same€being€one€œMarksman›€.177€caliber€air€pistol.€€A€jury€found€theÏDefendant€guilty.€€In€this€appeal,€the€Defendant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€theÏconvicting€evidence€to€support€a€finding€that€the€victims€reasonably€feared€theÏinfliction€of€imminent€bodily€injury€or€that€the€weapon€displayed€by€the€DefendantÏwas€a€ð ðdeadly€weapon.ððÌÌà àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence,Ïthe€standard€is€whether,€after€reviewing€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorableÏto€the€prosecution,€any€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essentialÏelements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443ÏU.S.€307,€319€(1979).€€Questions€concerning€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€theÍweight€and€value€to€be€given€the€evidence,€as€well€as€all€factual€issues€raisedÏby€the€evidence,€are€resolved€by€the€trier€of€fact,€not€this€court.€€òòState€v.ÏPappasóó,€754€S.W.2d€620,€623€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€€Nor€may€this€courtÏreweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835Ï(Tenn.€1978).€€Ìà àA€jury€verdict€approved€by€the€trial€judge€accredits€the€Stateððs€witnessesÏand€resolves€all€conflicts€in€favor€of€the€State.€€òòState€v.€Graceóó,€493€S.W.2d€474,Ï476€(Tenn.€1973).€€On€appeal,€the€State€is€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimateÏview€of€the€evidence€and€all€inferences€therefrom.€€òòCabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€atÏ835.€€Because€a€verdict€of€guilt€removes€the€presumption€of€innocence€andÏreplaces€it€with€a€presumption€of€guilt,€the€accused€has€the€burden€in€this€courtÏof€illustrating€why€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€verdict€returned€byÏthe€trier€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982);€òòGraceóó,€493ÏS.W.2d€at€œ476.Ì›œÌ›œà à›œA€person€is€guilty€of€aggravated€assault€who€commits€an€assault€asÏdefined€in€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„13„101€and€causes€seriousÏbodily€injury€to€another€or€uses€or€displays€a€deadly€weapon.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ïðð€39„13„102(a).€€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„13„101€definesÏassault,€in€pertinent€part,€as€intentionally€or€knowingly€causing€another€toÏreasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„101(a)(2).›ÌÌà àThe€Defendant€first€argues€that€the€proof€does€not€show€that€he€causedÏthe€victims€to€reasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury€because€the€pistol€heÏð ðconfrontedðð€the€officers€with€was€a€spring„operated€dart€pistol€which€was€notÏloaded€with€a€dart€or€any€other€projectile€at€the€time€of€the€confrontation.€€HeÏargues€that€at€the€time€of€the€confrontation€he€(the€Defendant)€was€depressedÏand€confronted€the€officers€so€that€they€would€take€his€life.€€He€also€argues€thatÏat€the€time€he€went€through€the€door€to€confront€the€officers,€his€uncle,€who€wasÏin€the€shed,€hollered€and€told€the€officers€that€it€was€not€a€real€gun€but€was€aÏpellet€gun.€€He€thus€argues€that€under€these€circumstances,€the€officers€were€notÏreasonably€placed€in€fear€of€imminent€bodily€œinjury›œ,€as€is€required€underÏTennessee€Code€Annotated€sections€39„13„102(a)€and€39„13„101(a)(2).›ÌÌà àThe€officer€at€whose€head€the€pistol€was€pointed€described€theÏconfrontation€somewhat€differently.€€He€said€that€he€œfirst€saw›€the€DefendantÏstanding€approximately€twenty€feet€in€front€of€him€œholding€a›€large,€black,€semi„automatic€looking€weapon,€which€he€perceived€to€be€possibly€a€.45€caliber€gun,Ïœpointed€at›€his€head.€€œWhen€the›€œofficer€was€asked›€what€he€did€at€that€œpoint,›€œhe›Ïresponded,€ð ðI€prayed.€€I€froze,€I€froze€for€a€split€second€because€I€thought€I€wasÏdead.€€I€was€looking€at€a€man€who€I€knew€was€intoxicated,€who€was€shoutingÏobscenities€at€us,€pointing€a€gun€at€my€head,€and€I€was€expecting€to€see€aÍflash.ðð€€The€other€officer€also€testified€that€he€thought€the€Defendant€was€goingÏto€shoot.€œ€€Both€officers€testified€that€they€did€not€hear€anyone€say€the€pistolÏwas€not€a€real€gun€until€after€the€Defendant€was€arrested.€€The›€DefendantððsÏown€witness,€his€uncle,€who€was€the€owner€of€the€gun,€testified€that€the€gunÏlooked€like€a€.45€caliber€automatic.ÌÌà àWe€have€no€hesitancy€in€concluding€that€the€evidence€presented€at€trialÏsufficiently€supports€the€juryððs€finding€that€the€Defendant€intentionally€causedÏthese€officers€to€reasonably€fear€imminent€bodily€injury.ÌÌà àThe€Defendant€also€argues€that€the€œproof›€does€not€support€a€finding€thatÏthe€pistol€which€he€used€during€the€confrontation€œqualified›€as€a€ð ðdeadlyÏœweapon.ðð€€Tennessee›€Code€Annotated€section€39„11„106(a)(5)€defines€aÏdeadly€weapon€as€either€(A)€a€firearm€or€anything€manifestly€designed,€made€orÏadapted€for€the€purpose€of€inflicting€death€or€serious€bodily€œinjury;›€or€(B)€anythingÏthat€in€the€manner€of€its€use€or€intended€use€is€capable€of€causing€death€orÏserious€bodily€injury.ÌÌà àA€ð ðfirearmðð€is€defined€as€any€weapon€designed,€made€or€adapted€toÏexpel€a€projectile€by€the€action€of€an€explosive€or€any€device€readily€convertibleÏto€that€use.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„106(a)(11).€€Under€this€definition€of€aÍfirearm,€we€agree€that€the€proof€in€the€case€òòsubóó€òòjudiceóó€did€not€establish€that€theÏpellet€pistol€or€dart€pistol€used€or€displayed€by€the€Defendant€was€a€ð ðfirearm.ððÌÌà àWe€agree,€however,€with€the€argument€of€the€State€that€œthe€proofÏestablished€that€the›€pistol€used€by€the€Defendant€was€a€device€ð ðthat€in€theÏmanner€of€its€use€or€intended€use€is€capable€of€causing€death€or€serious€bodilyÏinjury.ðð€€œTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„106(a)(5)(B).€€Serious›€bodily€injury€is€definedÏas€bodily€injury€which€involves€a€substantial€risk€of€death,€protractedÏœunconsciousness,›€œextreme€physical›€pain,€protracted€or€obvious€disfigurement,€orÏprotracted€loss€or€substantial€impairment€of€a€function€of€a€bodily€member,€organÏor€mental€faculty.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„106(a)(33).ÌÌà àAlthough€the€proof€showed€that€the€pistol€was€not€loaded,€it€wasÏfunctional.€€The€Defendantððs€uncle,€who€was€in€the€work€shed€with€theÏDefendant€that€night,€described€the€gun€as€a€.177€caliber€spring„loaded€pelletÏgun€which€would€also€shoot€darts.€€He€said€the€darts€the€gun€fired€were€aboutÏtwo€inches€long.€€They€had€been€shooting€darts€at€a€dart€board€in€the€workÏshed€that€night€at€a€range€of€about€sixteen€feet.€€He€testified€that€if€that€pistolÏwas€loaded€with€either€pellets€or€a€dart,€he€would€not€hold€it€to€his€head€andÏpull€the€trigger.€€The€officer€at€whose€head€the€pistol€was€pointed€testified€thatÏeven€knowing€that€it€was€a€dart€or€pellet€gun,€he€would€not€want€it€fired€at€himÍbecause,€ð ðit€can€put€out€an€eye,€.€.€.ðð€€We€believe€that€the€evidence€is€sufficientÏto€support€a€finding€that€this€pistol,€in€the€manner€of€its€use€or€intended€use,€wasÏcapable€of€causing€serious€bodily€injury.ÌÌà àWe€œtherefore€conclude›€that€the€evidence€œis€sufficient€to€support›€œthe›€findingÏby€the€jury€of€guilt€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€The€judgment€of€the€trial€court€isÏaffirmed.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà à____________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGEÌÌÌœCONCUR:›ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGEÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌJOHN€K.€BYERS,€SENIOR€JUDGE