ÿWPCú8 þæׂ9 @h)nÞD() Õæ¦¯l ËÈÜ+ ®o†¹wži X§Ò à?.*͹>·Ð[%ª–ý´,vQo®·ÑgÜŠ£"3$DU9úšÞ,ÚWç¶VÀÿOðÑÒ%ç² /Qò.…ùsòaa-ÿÜÁõ ¯=Œ¨5ºÚIv6éð“Ðv°dø¹I°ýµi3óнºîêÑÎTP4 ¬Ü¹zýbH‹ ýä÷•ï…ªƒÌ}¾±šð9ãG¹Ù“b>·Éúr.t[ÃØ«®±ë‘á+Ÿä[ÉMùî7UÕ§ÍXOk¥{%’’Ga•nRJ:gEÎÝqñçk³þ‰’&‚¿ÔŸ¢ÎÊœZêË "¹a˜ çÅC µ-nÇÞ‚5Ñ"GaG<«¹:`üA^!Ÿñ£"$hµµ|Í ËÏT³–î-ºs‚`~ŸØ‹¿“³hÜŽ§,Z·äæˆ1›îË%STµõYÌR*ÅÕ‰´‰"UÓuøQÅ"&¨êh,½‹`Àw•>L”B¸|ZçÌÎ!&»C»Âhû+CPŽ­Þúq àXÁ©¯!¹°DìjÃ(μ²Û‚çÓMHÇ©àéè°;¶áÆP˜.‘~¢.—h01ºÀ#Ÿ:›/ õLuVåÖ¿…U.F %t bz  ~   ¯¾ m n­} * 0(2 U:Z w¸” 4L ¯` 0™ 0 D¨U:ì¯&áÕ´¶6j» _[¯º6i^ŸU:ý%õ7&U:,(_f(U:Å.ÿ.¯0 BÉ0U:æ0ä 1U:2ä>2z"3U:œ5œ5 D3Ö5Ö5Ö5 0D 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6M6 AOU7Ƥ7¤7 0Dj8 D/®8 BÝ8<þ6X9`(CourierX ù –Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„14„402€(1997). –Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„14„403€(1997). ¥Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„14„408;€39„14„105€(1997).3|xÒC«<þ6X9`(CourierXôxþ6X@ɹ`7ûX@($¡¡, øð AZ"Arial Regular§C¨CE©CªC¬CD­CD®CD¯C°CD±CD²C³Cle´CµCD¶C·CD¸C¹C{ºC»CD¼C½C¾CD¿CÀCDÁCÂCDÃCÄCÓ€ÎCuM% ¥Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„14„103;€39„14„105€(1997).(I(25¤$¤¤Ý ƒ !ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¹êXXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ¥Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„14„408;€39„14„105€(1997). ×Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝWilbanks€and€Williams'€sentences€for€the€other€crimes€were€included€inÐ `  Ðthe€hearing. ªÝ ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú7Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThese€letters€were€received€with€the€consent€of€the€state. ,Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XÏ XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú8Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€defendant€argues,€"This€factor€appears€to€refer€to€the€crime(s)€forÐ `  Ðwhich€the€defendant€is€being€sentenced,€not€the€defendant's€criminal€history."€ÏHe€concedes,€however,€that€if€his€interpretation€is€accepted,€the€history€ofÏjuvenile€adjudications€could€be€considered€under€enhancement€factor€(1),€priorÏcriminal€history.€€Enhancement€factor€(20)€applies€to€prior€juvenile€adjudications.€ÏòòSee,€e.g.óó,€òòState€v.€Brent€Brownóó,€No.€02C01„9710„CC„00419,€slip€op.€at€5„6Ð ° P Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€Oct.€26,€1998);€òòState€v.€Joseph€W.€Ezellóó,€No.Ð  @ Ð01C01„9612„CC„00505,€slip€op.€at€3„4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€June€9,Ï1998). ±Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XÏ XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú10Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ýò òIs€this€the€correct€agency€name?€€The€PSR€refers€to€"DVD."ó ó UÝ ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú10Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€defendant€argues€under€the€authority€of€òòState€v.€Grissomóó,€956Ð `  ÐS.W.2d€514,€520€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997),€that€the€denial€of€alternativeÏsentencing€cannot€be€sustained€because€the€trial€court€did€not€find€that€theÏnature€of€the€offense€was€"especially€violent,€horrifying,€shocking,€reprehensible,Ïoffensive€or€otherwise€of€an€excessive€or€exaggerated€degree"€so€as€to€outweighÏall€other€factors€favorable€to€alternative€sentencing.€€Such€a€finding€is€necessaryÏwhen€the€circumstances€of€the€offense€are€the€òòsoleóó€basis€for€denying€alternativeÐ   Ðsentencing.€€òòSee,€e.g.óó,€òòState€v.€Binghamóó,€910€S.W.2d€448,€455€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ð ÐApp.€1995);€òòState€v.€Cleavoróó,€691€S.W.2d€541,€543„44€(Tenn.€1985).€€In€thisÐ à€ Ðcase,€there€are€several€bases€for€denying€alternative€sentencing.ÌÌà ` àThe€defendant€also€argues€that€his€sentence€is€unjustly€harsh€inÏcomparison€with€the€sentences€received€by€three€of€his€Beech€co„defendants,Ïwho€all€received€confinement€coupled€with€release.€€While€the€SentencingÏReform€Act€of€1989€seeks€to€eliminate€disparities€in€sentencing€that€areÏunrelated€to€its€purpose,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(2)€(1997),€there€is€noÏrequirement€that€co„defendants€receive€equal€sentences.€€òòState€v.€Michael€LeonÐ ` ÐChambersóó,€No.€01C01„9505„CC„00143,€slip€op.€at€6€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,Ð Pð ÐNashville,€June€20,€1996),€òòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1996). ¥Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú11Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝNo€restitution€was€ordered€for€the€Beefy's€burglary. ,Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú8Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€defendant€argues,€"This€factor€appears€to€refer€to€the€crime(s)€forÐ `  Ðwhich€the€defendant€is€being€sentenced,€not€the€defendant's€criminal€history."€ÏHe€concedes,€however,€that€if€his€interpretation€is€accepted,€the€history€ofÏjuvenile€adjudications€could€be€considered€under€enhancement€factor€(1),€priorÏcriminal€history.€€Enhancement€factor€(20)€applies€to€prior€juvenile€adjudications.€ÏòòSee,€e.g.óó,€òòState€v.€Brent€Brownóó,€No.€02C01„9710„CC„00419,€slip€op.€at€5„6Ð ° Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€Oct.€26,€1998);€òòState€v.€Joseph€W.€Ezellóó,€No.Ð   Ð01C01„9612„CC„00505,€slip€op.€at€3„4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€June€9,Ï1998). TÝ ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XÏ XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú10Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€defendant€argues€under€the€authority€of€òòState€v.€Grissomóó,€956Ð `  ÐS.W.2d€514,€520€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997)€that€the€denial€of€alternativeÏsentencing€cannot€be€sustained€because€the€trial€court€did€not€find€that€theÏnature€of€the€offense€was€"especially€violent,€horrifying,€shocking,€reprehensible,Ïoffensive€or€otherwise€of€an€excessive€or€exaggerated€degree"€so€as€to€outweighÏall€other€factors€favorable€to€alternative€sentencing.€€Such€a€finding€is€necessaryÏwhen€the€circumstances€of€the€offense€are€the€òòsoleóó€basis€for€denying€alternativeÐ   Ðsentencing.€€òòSee,€e.g.óó,€òòState€v.€Binghamóó,€910€S.W.2d€448,€455€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ð ÐApp.€1995);€òòState€v.€Cleavoróó,€691€S.W.2d€541,€543„44€(Tenn.€1985).€€In€thisÐ à€ Ðcase,€there€are€several€bases€for€denying€alternative€sentencing.ÌÌà ` àThe€defendant€also€argues€that€his€sentence€is€unjustly€harsh€inÏcomparison€with€the€sentences€received€by€three€of€his€Beech€co„defendants,Ïwho€all€received€confinement€coupled€with€release.€€While€the€SentencingÏReform€Act€of€1989€seeks€to€eliminate€disparities€in€sentencing€that€areÏunrelated€to€its€purpose,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(2)€(1997),€there€is€noÏrequirement€that€co„defendants€receive€equal€sentences.€€òòState€v.€Michael€LeonÐ ` ÐChambersóó,€No.€01C01„9505„CC„00143,€slip€op.€at€6€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,Ð Pð ÐNashville,€June€20,€1996),€òòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1996).,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ëÝ ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€X¢<XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú9Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝHowever,€he€was€ineligible€once€the€trial€court€determined€consecutiveÐ `  Ðsentences€were€appropriate.€€Upon€receiving€an€effective€ten„year€sentence,€theÏdefendant€became€probation€ineligible.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„303(a)Ð @ à Ð(1997)€(defendant€eligible€for€probation€if€he€receives€sentence€no€greater€thanÏeight€years€in€length).,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular UÝ ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XÏ XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú10Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€defendant€argues€under€the€authority€of€òòState€v.€Grissomóó,€956Ð `  ÐS.W.2d€514,€520€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997),€that€the€denial€of€alternativeÏsentencing€cannot€be€sustained€because€the€trial€court€did€not€find€that€theÏnature€of€the€offense€was€"especially€violent,€horrifying,€shocking,€reprehensible,Ïoffensive€or€otherwise€of€an€excessive€or€exaggerated€degree"€so€as€to€outweighÏall€other€factors€favorable€to€alternative€sentencing.€€Such€a€finding€is€necessaryÏwhen€the€circumstances€of€the€offense€are€the€òòsoleóó€basis€for€denying€alternativeÐ   Ðsentencing.€€òòSee,€e.g.óó,€òòState€v.€Binghamóó,€910€S.W.2d€448,€455€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ð ÐApp.€1995);€òòState€v.€Cleavoróó,€691€S.W.2d€541,€543„44€(Tenn.€1985).€€In€thisÐ à€ Ðcase,€there€are€several€bases€for€denying€alternative€sentencing.ÌÌà ` àThe€defendant€also€argues€that€his€sentence€is€unjustly€harsh€inÏcomparison€with€the€sentences€received€by€three€of€his€Beech€co„defendants,Ïwho€all€received€confinement€coupled€with€release.€€While€the€SentencingÏReform€Act€of€1989€seeks€to€eliminate€disparities€in€sentencing€that€areÏunrelated€to€its€purpose,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(2)€(1997),€there€is€noÏrequirement€that€co„defendants€receive€equal€sentences.€€òòState€v.€Michael€LeonÐ ` ÐChambersóó,€No.€01C01„9505„CC„00143,€slip€op.€at€6€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,Ð Pð ÐNashville,€June€20,€1996),€òòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1996).,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XÏ XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú11Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ýò òI€have€thrown€in€some€gratuitous€references€to€the€òòHartleyóó€factorsÐ `  Ðeven€though€they€are€not€required€to€justify€the€result€here.ó ó ¥Ý ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€#XÏ XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú11Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝNo€restitution€was€ordered€for€the€Beefy's€burglary. d,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ÚÔ€%XXXXÔÔ€%]PX%XÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€%XX%]PÔÐ  ÐÌMay€25,€1999ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ÚÔ€(XXXXÔÔ€(]PX(XÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€(XX(]PÔÐ  ÐÌMay€21,€1999ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó pÝ ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XÏ XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú11Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ýò òThis€may€be€speculative€›as€an€adequate€basis€for€finding€anÐ `  Ðextensive€record€of€criminal€activity.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Thomas€œMcCart›óó,€No.Ð P ð Ð01C01„9003„CC„00086€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€Sept.€20,€1990)€(priorÏrecord€of€two€misdemeanors€coupled€with€present€convictions€occurringÏover€the€course€of€a€few€days€of€2€cts.€of€forgery,€2€cts.€of€passing€forgedÏinstrument,€and€arson€of€automobile€were€not€indicative€of€extensiveÏrecord€of€criminal€activity).ó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular""""'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ !ÝÝ  Ý þÝ ƒ$ÝÒ°ÒÔ€XÏ XXXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú12Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ýò òThere€is€also€evidence€the€school€system€is€self„insured.€€ThisÐ `  Ðcould€present€an€interesting€twist€on€òòAlfordóó.ó ó€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ !ÝÝ  Ýñ³Cñ›ñ³Cññ³Cñ›ñ³CñÑ` °ÑÒ°ÒÓ  ÓÑTR[  AØ'Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€ X2-XXXÔÑ7€ 2- XXdðdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑñÄCñœñÄCññÎCññÄCñßr€$*<,(j 8` `€€@EÈf ` 8ttxP` ð  rßñÄCññÎCññÎCñßr€&*<,(j 8` `€€@EÈf ` 8ttxP` ð  rßñÎCññÄCñ›ñÄCñÌÑ€Ñò òà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ P ð ÐÌ€à@@@'àAT€NASHVILLEˆÐ 0 Ð ÐÌà@#àFEBRUARY€1999€SESSIONó óˆÐ ° ÐÌÌÌò òSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,€à À àà  àó ó)Ð Ðp  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àÐ À`  Ðà ` àà ¸ àAppellee,à h àà À àà  à)à p àC.C.A.€No.€œ01C01„9804„Cñ½CñRñ½Cññ¾CñCñ¾Cñ„ñÀCñ001ñ¿Cñ84ñ¿Cñ56ñÀCññÁCñ00ñÁCññÂCññÁCñ156ñÁCññÂCññÃCñ184ñÃCñ›Ð °P  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìvs.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àñ³Cñœñ³CñSumnerñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€Countyà x àÐ 0  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìò òMASON€THOMAS€WILBANKSó óà À àà  à)à p àHon.€Jane€Wheatcraft,€Judgeò òÐ p Ðandó ó€ò òSTEVE€A.€WILLIAMS,ó óà À àà  à)Ð ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p à(Burglary,€Aggravated€Burglary,Ð Pð Ðà ` àà ¸ àñ³Cñœñ³CñAppellants.ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñà h àà À àà  à)à p àVandalism,€Theft)Ð @à Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)ÌÌÌFOR€APPELLANT€WILBANKS:à À àà  àà p àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:Ð   Ðò òWALTER€H.€STUBBSà h àà À àà  àà p àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÐ ð Ðó óAttorney€at€Lawà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÐ à€ Ð554€W.€Main€St.ÌGallatin,€TN€€37066à  àà h àà À àà  àà p àò òKIM€R.€HELPERó óÐ À!` Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌFOR€APPELLANT€WILLIAMS:à À àò òà  àà p àó ó425€Fifth€Ave.€N.,€2d€Floorò òÐ  #@ ÐCHERYL€J.€SKIDMOREó óà h àà À àà  àà p àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493Ð $0 ÐAttorney€at€LawÌ130€S.€Water€Ave.à  àà h àà À àà  àà p àò òLAWRENCE€RAY€WHITLEYó óÐ p& Ðñ³Cñœñ³CñGallatin,€TN€€37066ò òñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àó óDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÐ `'  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àò òWAYNE€HYATTÐ @)à" Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àó óAsst.€District€Attorney€GeneralÐ 0*Ð # Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p à113€W.€Main€St.,€3d€FloorÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àGallatin,€TN€€37066„2803ÌÌò òÌOPINION€FILED:________________ÌÌAFFIRMED€IN€PART,€REVERSED€IN€PART,€REMANDEDÌÌJAMES€CURWOOD€WITT,€JR.,€JUDGEó óÐ  2@), ÐÐ  30*-ÿ Ðà@qq*àò òòòOPINIONó óóóˆÐ `  ÐÌÓÓà ` àà ¸ àThe€defendants,€Mason€Thomas€Wilbanks€and€Steve€A.€Williams,Ïappeal€from€the€sentences€imposed€by€the€Sumner€County€Criminal€Court€for€theirÏñ³Cñœñ³Cñtwo„weekñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€crime€spree€in€the€summer€of€1997.€€Wilbanks€is€presently€serving€anÏeffective€ten„year€sentence€in€the€Department€of€Correction;€Williams€is€serving€hisÏeffective€twelve„year€sentence.€€In€this€direct€appeal,€both€defendants€challenge€theÏmanner€of€service€of€their€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñsentences,€theñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€imposition€of€consecutive€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñsentencing,€andÏthe€restitution€order.ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€€Wilbanks€challenges€the€length€of€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñhisñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñsentences.ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñ€Followingñ³Cñ›ñ³CñÏa€review€of€the€record,€the€briefs€of€the€parties,€and€the€law,€we€affirm€the€sentencesÏas€imposed€except€on€the€issue€of€restitution.€€On€the€restitution€issue,€we€reverseÏthe€trial€court's€order€as€to€both€defendants€and€remand€for€further€considerationÏconsistent€with€this€opinion.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àOn€June€16,€1997,€Defendant€Williams€burglarized€Beefy's€restaurant€Ïand€stole€less€than€$500.€€Defendant€Wilbanks€is€a€former€employee€of€Beefy's,€andÏhe€drew€Williams€a€map€of€the€restaurant€to€facilitate€his€commission€of€the€crime.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àOn€June€22,€1997,€Wilbanks€and€Williams€burglarized€the€home€of€theÏCharles€Booth€family€and€stole€more€than€$1,000€worth€of€personal€property.€€ÏWilliams€and€Wilbanks€were€familiar€with€the€Booth€home€due€to€their€friendship€withÏone€of€the€Booth€children.€€About€four€months€before€the€crime,€Williams€was€aÏguest€in€the€Booth€residence€for€about€three€weeks€when€he€had€nowhere€else€toÏlive.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àOn€June€24,€1997,€the€defendants€vandalized€vending€machines€inÏa€Hendersonville€city€park€and€stole€money€from€the€machine.ÌÐ  :À04 Ðà ` àà ¸ àOn€June€26,€1997,€Williams€burglarized€the€home€of€Atwell€Hill€andÏBeth€Hill€while€the€family€was€asleep€in€the€home.€€He€stole€less€than€$500€in€cashÏand€personal€property.€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àOn€June€28,€1997,€the€defendants€were€sleeping€in€a€field€when€itÏbegan€to€rain.€€They€broke€into€nearby€Knox€Doss€Middle€School,€where€they€stoleÏmoney€and€food.€€They€also€committed€significant€acts€of€vandalism.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àOn€July€1,€1997,€the€defendants€along€with€Michael€David€ñ³Cñœñ³CñHutchinsonñ³Cñ›ñ³CñÏand€Daniel€Allen€Pulaski€burglarized€Beech€High€School.€€They€stole€ñ³Cñœ›ñ³Cñ€thousands€ofÏdollars€worth€of€property,€including€tools,€electronic€equipment,€computers,€a€van,Ïa€Saturn€vehicle€and€money.€€They€also€disgraced€the€facilities€with€extensiveÏvandalism,€which€included€such€senseless€acts€as€urinating€on€an€administrator'sÏchair,€spray€painting€the€football€team's€uniforms,€throwing€copy€machines€andÏcomputer€monitors€into€the€floor,€tearing€an€administrator's€college€diploma€in€two,Ïopening€and€turning€over€file€cabinets,€bashing€a€new€automobile's€body€andÏwindows€with€a€baseball€bat,€breaking€window€panes€on€interior€doors,€andÏransacking€offices.€€The€four€young€men€who€broke€into€the€school€had€anÏagreement€with€a€fifth€individual,€Leonard€Eugene€"Joey"€Rowe,€to€steal€computerÏequipment€from€the€school,€which€Rowe€would€then€sell.€€The€four€burglars€andÏRowe€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñultimatelyñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€split€the€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñproceeds€from€the€sale.ñ³Cñ›ñ³CñÌÌà ` àà ¸ àWilbanks,€Williams€and€the€others€admitted€their€involvement€in€theÏBeech€High€School€incident.€€Wilbanks€and€Williams€admitted€their€involvement€inÏâ âthe€earlier€crimes.€€For€the€Beefy's€incident,€Williams€pleaded€guilty€to€burglary,€aÐ `6-0 ÐClass€D€felony.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€For€the€break„in€at€the€Booth€residence,€Wilbanks€and€WilliamsÐ `  Ðâ âboth€pleaded€guilty€to€aggravated€burglary,€a€Class€C€felony.׃€×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€For€the€vendingÐ @ à Ðmachine€incident,€Wilbanks€and€Williams€pleaded€guilty€to€Class€D€vandalism.׃8×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€ForÐ  À Ðthe€break„in€at€the€Hill€residence,€Williams€pleaded€guilty€to€aggravated€burglary,Ïa€Class€C€felony.€€For€the€Knox€Doss€Middle€School€incident,€Wilbanks€and€WilliamsÏpleaded€guilty€to€Class€D€burglary€and€Class€D€vandalism.€€€For€the€Beech€HighÏSchool€incident€Wilbanks€and€Williams€both€pleaded€guilty€to€Class€C€theft€ofÏproperty׃ð×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€Class€C€vandalism.׃¨×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Ð €  ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àWilbanks€entered€his€pleas€without€any€agreement€on€sentencing.€ÏWilliams'€pleas€included€an€agreement€that€he€would€serve€two€concurrent€six„yearÏsentences€for€the€Beech€High€School€convictions.€€His€plea€agreement€furtherÏspecified€that€he€would€serve€two€four„year€sentences€for€the€Booth€and€HillÏaggravated€burglaries€concurrently€to€each€other€and€consecutively€to€the€six„yearÏsentences.€€Finally,€he€agreed€to€four€concurrent€two„year€sentences€for€the€Beefy'sÏburglary,€vending€machine€vandalism,€and€Knox€Doss€burglary€and€vandalism,€ñ³Cñœñ³CñwithÏthe€trial€court€to€determine€whether€these€sentences€would€be€servedñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñconsecutivelyñ³Cñ›ñ³CñÏor€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñconcurrently€to€the€others.ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€€The€plea€agreement€did€not€include€the€manner€ofÏservice€of€Williams'€sentences.ÌÌâ âà ` àà ¸ àA€consolidated€sentencing€hearing€was€held€for€all€five€of€the€BeechÐ à.€%( ÐHigh€School€defendants.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€The€proof€included€testimony€from€officials€from€BeechÐ `  Ðâ âHigh€School,€Knox€Doss€Middle€School€and€Sumner€County€government€regardingÏthe€extent€of€the€devastation€to€the€two€schools,€the€financial€repercussions,€theÏeffect€on€student€morale,€the€lost€educational€opportunities,€and€the€need€to€"sendÏa€message"€to€others€to€deter€others€from€similar€activity.€€Members€of€the€Hill€and€ÏBooth€families€testified€about€the€property€taken€from€their€homes.€€Booth€recalledÏthat€both€Wilbanks€and€Williams€had€been€household€guests€of€his€son€prior€to€theÏbreak„in€at€his€home.€€A€Hendersonville€city€employee€testified€about€the€damageÏto€and€loss€from€the€park€vending€machines.€€In€addition,€the€court€received€severalÏexhibits,€including€presentence€reports,€letters€from€individuals€who€were€unable€toÏattend,׃p×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú7Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€statements€of€loss€from€various€victims.Ð  À ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€presentence€report€for€Defendant€Wilbanks€reflects€an€individualÏwho€committed€his€crimes€at€age€19,€following€a€history€of€several€serious€juvenileÏoffenses€and€attempts€at€juvenile€rehabilitation.€€Wilbanks€has€a€high€schoolÏdiploma€from€Beech€High€School.€€He€has€a€history€of€drug€use€and€underageÏalcohol€consumption.€€He€listed€only€one€previous€job,€which€he€abandoned€afterÏworking€for€less€than€two€weeks.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€presentence€report€for€Defendant€Williams€reflects€a€19„year„oldÏindividual€at€the€time€of€the€crimes.€€Williams€has€two€prior€convictions€for€trafficÏoffenses.€€He€is€a€graduate€of€Beech€High€School€and€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñhasñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€taken€some€collegeÏcourses€at€a€community€college.€€He€has€a€history€of€underage€alcohol€consumptionÏand€drug€use.€€His€work€history€is€abysmal;€he€has€been€fired€from€his€last€threeÐ €4 +. Ðcivilian€jobs€and€was€released€from€the€Navy.€€He€has€never€lasted€more€than€threeÏmonths€in€any€one€job.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àAfter€hearing€the€evidence,€the€trial€court€found€Defendant€WilbanksÏdeserving€of€maximum€six„year€sentences€for€each€of€his€three€Class€C€felonies€andÏmaximum€four„year€sentences€for€each€of€his€three€Class€D€felonies.€€The€courtÏordered€the€six„year€sentences€to€be€served€concurrently€to€each€other,€and€theÏfour„year€sentences€to€be€served€concurrently€to€each€other.€€The€six„yearÏsentences€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñwere€orderedñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€to€be€served€consecutively€to€the€four„year€sentences.€€TheÏcourt€ordered€this€effective€ten„year€sentence€to€be€served€in€the€Department€ofÏCorrection.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€trial€court€ordered€Defendant€Williams€to€serve€his€four€concurrentÏtwo„year€sentences€consecutively€to€the€already€agreed€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñten„yearñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€sentence€(twoÏconcurrent€six„year€sentences€served€consecutively€to€two€concurrent€four„yearÏsentences).€€This€effective€twelve„year€sentence€was€ordered€to€be€served€in€theÏDepartment€of€Correction.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àTwo€of€the€Beech€High€School€co„defendants,€who€are€not€parties€toÏthis€appeal,€received€five„year€sentences€to€be€served€in€the€Department€ofÏCorrection€boot€camp€program€followed€by€probation.€€The€third€co„defendant,€alsoÏnot€a€party€to€this€appeal,€received€a€six„year€sentence€to€be€served€with€120€daysÏconfinement€in€the€county€jail€with€work€release€followed€by€Community€Corrections.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àAgainst€this€factual€backdrop,€Wilbanks€and€Williams€challenge€theÏsentences€imposed.ÌÐ  :À04 Ðà@üü-àò òIó óˆÐ `  ÐÔ‡X¢<XX X¢<Ôà ` àà ¸ àWhen€there€is€a€challenge€to€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€serviceÐ @ à Ðof€a€sentence,€it€is€the€duty€of€this€court€to€conduct€a€òòde€novoóó€review€of€the€recordÐ  À Ðwith€a€presumption€that€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð40„35„401(d)€(1997).€€This€presumption€is€ð ðconditioned€upon€theÏaffirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencingÏprinciples€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.ðð€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2dÐ  @  Ð166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€ð ðThe€burden€of€showing€that€the€sentence€is€improper€isÏupon€the€appellant.ðð€€òòIdóó.€€In€the€event€the€record€fails€to€demonstrate€the€requiredÐ ` Ðconsideration€by€the€trial€court,€review€of€the€sentence€is€purely€òòde€novoóó.€€òòIdóó.€€IfÐ @à Ðappellate€review€reflects€the€trial€court€properly€considered€all€relevant€factors€andÏits€findings€of€fact€are€adequately€supported€by€the€record,€this€court€must€affirm€theÏsentence,€ð ðeven€if€we€would€have€preferred€a€different€result.ðð€€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805Ð à€ ÐS.W.2d€785,€789€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àIn€making€its€sentencing€determination,€the€trial€court,€at€theÏconclusion€of€the€sentencing€hearing,€determines€the€range€of€sentence€and€thenÏdetermines€the€specific€sentence€and€the€propriety€of€sentencing€alternatives€byÏconsidering€(1)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€and€the€sentencing€hearing,Ï(2)€the€presentence€report,€(3)€the€principles€of€sentencing€and€arguments€as€toÏsentencing€alternatives,€(4)€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€the€criminal€conductÏinvolved,€(5)€evidence€and€information€offered€by€the€parties€on€the€enhancementÏand€mitigating€factors,€(6)€any€statements€the€defendant€wishes€to€make€in€theÏdefendantððs€behalf€about€sentencing,€and€(7)€the€potential€for€rehabilitation€orÏtreatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð40„35„210(a),€(b)€(1997);€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð40„35„¼103(5)€(1997);€òòState€v.€Hollandóó,€860€S.W.2d€53,€60€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).Ð @8à.2 ÐÐ  :À04 ÐÔ#† X¢<XXX¢<Ã3#ÔÌà@ÏÏ!àò òA.€€Mason€Thomas€Wilbanksó óˆÐ @ à Ð1.à0 ` àòòLength€of€SentenceóóÐ À` (#` (# Ðà ` àà ¸ àIn€the€case€at€bar,€the€trial€court€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñinappropriatelyñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€denied€DefendantÏWilbanks€the€benefit€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñof€some€of€the€applicableñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€mitigating€factors.€€Moreover,€theÏcourt€was€not€specific€in€defining€which€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€appliedÏto€each€individual€conviction.€€Thus,€our€review€is€òòde€novoóó€unaccompanied€by€theÐ  @  Ðpresumption€of€correctness.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àClearly,€Wilbanks€was€a€leader€in€the€commission€of€the€Beech€HighÏSchool€crimes.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(2)€(1997).€€There€was€evidenceÐ  À ÐWilbanks€rented€the€U„Haul€truck€used€to€transport€the€stolen€electronics€andÏcomputers.€€According€to€the€testimony€of€the€co„defendants,€Wilbanks€was€a€leaderÏin€planning€the€break„in€at€Beech.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àLikewise,€there€is€evidence€the€property€damage€to€Beech€HighÏSchool,€through€theft€and€vandalism,€was€particularly€great.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ð `'  Ððð€40„35„114(6)€(1997).€€The€combined€damages€for€the€theft€and€vandalismÏexceeded€$70,000.€There€was€evidence€that€these€losses€were€particularlyÏdevastating€to€the€students€and€staff€of€Beech€High€School€in€that€school€pride€wasÏñ³Cñœñ³Cñdiminished,ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€educational€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñopportunities€and€benefitsñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€were€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñlost,ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€and€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñtheñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€school€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñhasñ³Cñ›ñ³CñÏbeen€unable€to€replace€many€of€the€items.€€òòAccordóó€òòState€v.€Barbara€D.€Frankóó,€No.Ð À0`'* Ð03C01„9209„CR„00303,€slip€op.€at€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñ9ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Dec.€22,€1993)Ï(enhancement€factor€(6)€applied€because€embezzlement€theft€of€$52,000Ïapproached€the€Class€B€felony€range€and€losses€were€particularly€damaging€toÏowners€of€the€victim€business).€€òòBut€cfóó.€òòState€v.€Grissomóó,€956€S.W.2d€514,€518Ð @8à.2 Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997)€(use€of€enhancement€factor€(6)€for€theft€offense€mayÐ  :À04 Ðconstitute€"double€enhancement"€in€some€circumstances€because€class€of€offenseÏis€based€upon€amount€of€money€stolen,€distinguishing€òòBarbara€D.€Frankóó).€€Similarly,Ð @ à Ðthe€damage€to€Knox€Doss€Middle€School€was€particularly€great.€€The€principalÏtestified€that€there€was€about€$7,000€of€damage€and€theft€from€the€incident.€ÏVolunteers€worked€for€approximately€50€hours€to€restore€the€library€after€theÏdefendants€senselessly€overturned€the€bookshelves.€€As€at€Beech€High€School,Ïoffices€were€ransacked.€€The€principal€testified€that€the€students€were€very€angryÏthat€their€school€had€been€defiled.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àWilbanks€abused€a€position€of€private€trust€in€his€aggravated€burglaryÏof€the€Booth€residence.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(15)€(1997).€€He€was€aÐ  À Ðfriend€of€Charles€Booth's€son€and€had€been€a€guest€in€the€Booth€home.€€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àWilbanks€committed€the€Beech€and€Knox€Doss€crimes€while€on€schoolÏproperty.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(17)€(1997).Ð  #@ ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àFinally,€Wilbanks€was€adjudicated€to€have€committed€delinquent€actsÏas€a€juvenile€that€would€constitute€felonies€if€committed€by€an€adult.ñ³Cñœñ³Cññ³Cñ׃×ñ³Cññ³Cñ׃×ñ³CñÝ ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú8Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.Ð @)à" ÐCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(20)€(1997).€€His€juvenile€history€is€shocking.€€It€includesÏthree€adjudications€for€aggravated€burglary,€nineteen€for€burglarizing€ñ³Cñœñ³Cññ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñvehicles,ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€oneÏfor€theft€of€a€vehicle,€and€one€for€burglary.Ð à.€%( Їà ` àà ¸ àTurning€to€the€mitigating€factors,€we€agree€with€the€trial€court€that€noneÏof€the€defendant's€crimes€caused€or€threatened€serious€bodily€injury.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.Ð @ à ÐCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(1)€(1997).ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€defendant€claims€we€should€mitigate€his€sentence€because€hisÏyouth€caused€him€to€lack€substantial€judgment€in€committing€these€offenses.€€òòSeeóóÐ À`  ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(6)€(1997).€€Wilbanks€was€19€at€the€time€of€his€crimes,Ïwhich€were€by€no€means€his€first.€€There€is€no€evidence€his€age€caused€him€to€lackÏsubstantial€judgment.€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€defendant€also€claims€his€sentence€should€have€been€mitigatedÏbecause€he€was€suffering€from€a€learning€disability.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„Ð   Ð113(8)€(1997).€€There€is€no€proof,€however,€that€this€learning€disability€contributedÏto€the€commission€of€the€crimes€such€that€it€should€significantly€reduce€hisÏculpability.€€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àOn€the€other€hand,€we€agree€with€Wilbanks€that€the€trial€court€shouldÏhave€mitigated€the€defendant's€sentences€for€the€Beech€crimes€because€heÏ"assisted€the€authorities€in€uncovering€offenses€committed€by€other€persons€or€inÏdetecting€or€apprehending€other€persons€who€had€committed€the€offenses."€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(9)€(1997).€€Detective€Richard€Corso€testified€that€WilbanksÏidentified€his€co„defendants€from€the€Beech€incident.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àWe€also€believe€the€trial€court€should€have€mitigated€Wilbanks'Ïsentence€for€the€Booth€break„in€because€he€assisted€the€authorities€in€locating€theÏweapons€taken€from€the€Booth€home.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(10)Ð @8à.2 Ð(1997).€€€To€the€extent€that€the€defendant€argues€this€factor€should€apply€to€theÐ  :À04 ÐBeech€crimes€based€upon€his€assistance€to€the€authorities€in€locating€the€Beech€co„¼defendants,€we€believe€we€have€properly€accounted€for€that€mitigating€evidenceÏunder€factor€(9).ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àFinally,€the€defendant€argues€various€mitigating€factors€should€haveÏbeen€applied€under€the€catch„all€provision€of€Code€section€40„35„113(13).€€HeÏclaims€he€was€chemically€dependent;€however,€we€fail€to€see€that€the€underageÏconsumption€of€alcohol€and€use€of€illegal€drugs€should€serve€to€lessen€his€sentenceÏliability€for€these€offenses.€€He€offered€no€evidence€of€a€causal€connection€betweenÏhis€chemical€dependency€and€the€offenses.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Mark€W.€Rawlingsóó,€No.Ð @à Ð02C01„9612„CR„00475,€slip€op.€at€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñ9ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€Feb.€10,€1998).€ÏMoreover,€the€voluntary€use€of€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñintoxicantsñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€is€excluded€from€this€factor.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.Ð   ÐCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(8)€(1997).€€He€points€to€his€lack€of€an€adult€criminal€record;Ïhowever,€his€adolescence€was€remarkable€for€extensive€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñdelinquency,ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€and€he€wasÏonly€19€when€he€committed€these€crimes.€€òòCfóó.€òòState€v.€Matthew€C.€Welkeróó,€No.Ð  #@ Ð01C01„9610„CC„00456,€slip€op.€at€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñ19ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€Apr.€1,€1998).€ÏHe€claims€his€attainment€of€a€high€school€diploma€through€resource€classesÏevidences€his€potential€for€rehabilitation;€we€disagree.€€There€is€evidence€he€wasÏdisruptive€and€a€discipline€problem€in€high€school,€and€his€extensive€involvementÏwith€the€juvenile€justice€system€followed€by€the€commission€of€these€crimes€speaksÏconvincingly€to€his€dim€prospects€of€rehabilitation.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThus,€the€following€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€apply€to€eachÏof€Wilbanks's€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñcrimes.ñœCñÌñœCññ³Cñ›œñ³CññœCñÌñœCññ³Cñ›œñ³CññœCñÌñœCññ³Cñ›ñ³CñÐ  :À04 ÐÓÓà ` àòòCrimeóóà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àòòEnhancementóóà È àà  àòòMitigatingóóÐ `  ÐBeech€theft€à ¸ àà  àà h àà À à2,€6,€17,€20à p àà È àà  à1,€9Ð P ð ÐBeech€vandalism€à  àà h àà À à2,€6,€17,€20à p àà È àà  à1,€9Ð @ à ÐBooth€aggravated€burglaryà À à15,€20à p àà È àà  à1,€10Ð 0 Ð Ðvending€machine€vandalismà À à20à  àà p àà È àà  à1Ð  À ÐKnox€Doss€burglaryà h àà À à6,€17,€20à p àà È àà  à1Ð ° ÐKnox€Doss€vandalismà h àà À à6,€17,€20à p àà È àà  à1Ð   ÐÌÓÓTaking€these€factors€into€account€òòde€novoóó,€œñ³Cñœñ³CññCñwe›€cannot›€say›€the›€trial›€court›€erred›€in›€imposingñCññŸCññžCñañžCñ›€ñŸCññ´Cña€ñ´Cñmaximumñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ›€œñ³Cñœñ³CñsentenceñµCñsñµCññ¹Cññ¶Cñ€ñ¶Cññ¹Cññ Cñ›€œñ Cññ·Cññ Cñareñ Cññ·Cññ¸Cñiñ¸CññºCñsñºCññ Cñ›€justifñ Cññ£Cññ Cñiñ Cññ£Cññ¥Cñiñ¥Cññ¤Cñedñ¤Cññ¡Cññ Cñefñ Cññ¡Cññ£Cññ¢Cñdñ¢Cññ£Cññ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€for€eachÐ à€ Ðof€the€defendant's€crimes.€€The€defendant's€extensive€juvenile€record€greatlyÏenhances€each€sentence.€€When€this€enhancement€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñfactor€isñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€combined€with€theÏother€enhancement€factors,€they€significantly€outweigh€the€slight€mitigation€of€theÏdefendant's€lack€of€actual€or€threatened€serious€bodily€injury€in€these€propertyÏcrimes€and€his€assistance€to€the€authorities€after€apprehension.ÌÌ2.à0 ` àòòManner€of€ServiceР` (#` (# Ðò òóóà ` àó óÔ‡X¢<XX X¢<Ôà ¸ àNext,€Wilbanks€complains€that€he€should€have€received€a€moreÐ à€ Ðfavorable€sentencing€alternative€than€incarceration€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€ÏA€defendant€who€ð ðis€an€especially€mitigated€or€standard€offender€convicted€of€aÏClass€C,€D,€or€E€felony€is€presumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternativeÏsentencing€options€in€the€absence€of€evidence€to€the€contrary.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ïðð40„35„102(6)€(1997).€€Our€sentencing€law€also€provides€that€ð ðconvicted€felonsÏcommitting€the€most€severe€offenses,€possessing€criminal€histories€evincing€a€clearÏdisregard€for€the€laws€and€morals€of€society,€and€evincing€failure€of€past€efforts€atÏrehabilitation,€shall€be€given€first€priority€regarding€sentences€involvingÏincarceration.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð40„35„102(5)€(1997).€€Thus,€a€defendant€whoÏmeets€the€criteria€of€section€40„35„102(6)€is€presumed€eligible€for€alternativeÏsentencing€unless€sufficient€evidence€rebuts€the€presumption.€€However,€the€actÏdoes€not€provide€that€all€offenders€who€meet€the€criteria€are€entitled€to€such€relief;Ïrather,€it€requires€that€sentencing€issues€be€determined€by€the€facts€andÏcircumstances€presented€in€each€case.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Tayloróó,€744€S.W.2d€919,€922Ð  :À04 Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).ÌÔ#† X¢<XXX¢<…a#Ôò òÌó óà ` àà ¸ àAs€a€Ô‡X¢<XX X¢<ÔRange€I€offender,€Wilbanks€enjoyed€the€presumption€of€favorableÐ  À Ðcandidacy€for€alternative€sentencing€for€his€Class€C€and€D€felonies.€€òòSeeóóTenn.Ð   ÐCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(6)€(1997).€Moreover,€he€was€eligible€for€probation.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú9Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€òòSeeóóÐ à€ ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„303(a)€(1997).€€The€record€in€this€case,€however,Ïdemonstrates€that€the€presumption€of€favorable€candidacy€has€been€soundlyÏrebutted€by€the€defendant's€history€of€repeated€anti„social,€lawless€behavior.€ÏDespite€receiving€the€benefit€of€pre„trial€diversion€and€probation€as€a€juvenile,€andÏultimately€having€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñbeenñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€committed€to€the€Department€of€Youth€Developmentñ¦Cñ׃à×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú10Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×ñ¦Cñ€as€aÏjuvenile,€the€defendant€has€continued€committing€serious€offenses.€€His€dubiousÏprospects€of€rehabilitation€militate€strongly€in€favor€of€an€incarcerative€sentence.€ÏòòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„102(5)€(1997);€òòsee€alsoóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„Ð à€ Ð103(1)(C)€(1997).€€ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àMoreover,€the€state€presented€proof€via€school€officials€that€the€BeechÏstudents€were€seriously€affected€by€the€loss€of€equipment€and€educationalÏñ³Cñœñ³Cñopportunitiesñ§Cñ€and€beneñ§Cññ¨Cññ§Cñeeñ§Cññ¨Cññ©Cñfitsñ©Cñ,ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€that€the€Beech€and€Knox€Doss€students€were€anxiousÏto€see€the€defendants€punished,€and€that€the€case€was€an€appropriate€one€in€whichÏto€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñbe€anñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€example€for€others€who€might€be€inclined€to€commit€similar€offenses.€€WeÏbelieve€this€proof€is€illustrative€that€"[c]onfinement€is€necessary€to€avoid€depreciatingÏâ âthe€seriousness€of€the€offense€and€that€it€is€particularly€suited€to€provide€an€effectiveÐ À0`'* Ðdeterrence€to€others€likely€to€commit€similar€offenses."ñ³Cñœñ³CññªCññ³Cñ׃×ñ³Cññ³Cñ׃×ñ³CññªCññªCñ׃×ñªCñÝ ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú10Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„Ð `  Ðâ â103(1)(B)€(1997).ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThus,€the€state€successfully€rebutted€Wilbanks'€presumption€ofÏfavorable€candidacy€for€alternative€sentencing€with€evidence€to€the€contrary.ÌÌ3.à0 ` àòòConsecutive€SentencingóóР@ ` (#` (# Ðà ` àà ¸ àWilbanks'€final€complaint€is€that€the€trial€court€incorrectly€imposedÏconsecutive€sentences.€€Ô#† X¢<XXX¢<þf#ÔIn€general,€consecutive€sentencing€may€be€imposed€in€theÐ ` Ðdiscretion€of€the€trial€court€upon€a€determination€that€one€or€more€of€the€followingÏcriteria€exist:ÌÒ` ÒÒ°ÒÓÓ(1)à0 ¸ àThe€defendant€is€a€professional€criminal€who€has€knowinglyÐ   Ðdevoted€himself€to€criminal€acts€as€a€major€source€ofÏlivelihood;Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌ(2)à0 ¸ àThe€defendant€is€an€offender€whose€record€of€criminal€activityÐ À!` Ðis€extensive;Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌ(3)à0 ¸ àThe€defendant€is€a€dangerous€mentally€abnormal€person€soÐ $0 Ðdeclared€by€a€competent€psychiatrist€who€concludes€as€aÏresult€of€an€investigation€prior€to€sentencing€that€theÐ p& Ðdefendant's€criminal€conduct€has€been€characterized€by€aÏpattern€of€repetitive€or€compulsive€behavior€with€heedlessÏindifference€to€consequences;Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌ(4)à0 ¸ àThe€defendant€is€a€dangerous€offender€whose€behaviorÐ  À Ðindicates€little€or€no€regard€for€human€life,€and€no€hesitationÏabout€committing€a€crime€in€which€the€risk€to€human€life€isÏhigh;Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌ(5)à0 ¸ àThe€defendant€is€convicted€of€two€(2)€or€more€statutoryÐ Ðp  Ðoffenses€involving€sexual€abuse€of€a€minor€with€considerationÏof€the€aggravating€circumstances€arising€from€the€relationshipÏbetween€the€defendant€and€victim€or€victims,€the€time€span€ofÏdefendant's€undetected€sexual€activity,€the€nature€and€scopeÏof€the€sexual€acts€and€the€extent€of€the€residual,€physical€andÏmental€damage€to€the€victim€or€victims;Ð ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌ(6)à0 ¸ àThe€defendant€is€sentenced€for€an€offense€committed€while€onÐ Pð Ðprobation;€orÐ ¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌ(7)à0 ¸ àThe€defendant€is€sentenced€for€criminal€contempt.Ð À¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐÌÒ` ÒÒ°ÒÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)€(1997).€€In€òòState€v.€Wilkersonóó,€905€S.W.2d€933,Ð   Ð937„38€(Tenn.€1995),€the€supreme€court€imposed€two€additional€requirements€forÏconsecutive€sentencing€„„€the€court€must€find€consecutive€sentences€are€reasonablyÏrelated€to€the€severity€of€the€offenses€committed€and€are€necessary€to€protect€theÏpublic€from€further€criminal€conduct.€€At€this€time,€it€is€unsettled€whether€òòWilkersonóóÐ €%  Ðapplies€to€all€seven€of€the€statutory€categories€for€consecutive€sentencing€or€onlyÏthe€"dangerous€offender"€category.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€David€Keith€Laneóó,€No.€03C01„Ð @)à" Ð9607„CC„00259,€slip€op.€at€11€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€June€18,€1997),€òòperm.Ð  +À!$ Ðapp.€grantedóó€(Tenn.€1998).€€Ð - #& ÐÔ‡X¢<XX X¢<ÔÌÔ#† X¢<XXX¢<þ{#Ôà ` àà ¸ àIn€the€present€case,€Wilbanks€"is€an€offender€whose€record€of€criminalÐ À0`'* Ðactivity€is€extensive."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(2)€(1997).€€As€detailedÏabove,€Wilbanks'€juvenile€record€is€abominable.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Fredrick€Sledgeóó,€No.Ð €4 +. Ð02C01„9405„CR„00089,€slip€op.€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñat€53ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Jackson,€Nov.€24,€1997)Ï(juvenile€criminal€activity€properly€considered€in€determining€propriety€of€consecutiveÏñ³Cñœñ³Cñsentencing),€òòperm.€app.€grantedóó€(Tenn.€1999).ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€€There€is€evidence€of€otherÐ  :À04 Ðuncharged€criminal€activity,€including€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñdrug€use€and€underageñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€alcohol€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñconsumption,ñ³Cñ›ñ³CñÏas€well€as€the€numerous€present€offenses,€some€of€which€were€dismissed€as€partÏof€the€plea€bargain.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€€Jeffrey€Lynn€Cameronóó,€No.€03C01„9410„CR„Ð  À Ð00390,€slip€op.€at€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñ10ñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Apr.€15,€1996)€(although€thereÏis€some€question€whether€juvenile€criminal€history,€standing€alone,€can€justifyÏconsecutive€sentencing,€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñitñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€may€be€considered€in€connection€with€the€defendant'sÏadult€offenses).ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àTurning€to€the€òòWilkersonóó€factors,€it€is€apparent€that€these€offensesÐ ` Ðwere€indeed€serious.€€The€school€offenses€had€repercussions€beyond€mere€propertyÏdamage€or€loss.€€Consecutive€sentencing€is€appropriate€considering€the€severity€ofÏthe€offenses.€€Finally,€this€defendant€is€one€who€is€wise€well€beyond€his€years€inÏterms€of€unlawful€behavior.€€Contrary€to€Wilbanks'€assertion,€the€record€holds€littleÏprospect€of€his€successful€rehabilitation.€€His€senseless€acts€of€destruction,€his€theftÏfrom€a€friend's€home,€the€number€of€offenses€involved€over€a€short€period€of€time,Ïand€his€extensive€juvenile€history€are€all€strong€indications€that€consecutiveÏsentencing€is€required€to€protect€the€public€from€further€criminal€conduct€that€will€allÏbut€certainly€occur€if€he€is€not€incarcerated€for€an€extended€period.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àIn€sum,€we€find€no€error€in€the€sentences€imposed€on€Mason€ThomasÏWilbanks.ÌÌà@YY#àò òB.€Steve€A.€WilliamsˆÐ  2@), ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àó óBecause€there€are€deficiencies€in€the€trial€court's€sentencing€findingsÐ `6-0 Ðin€that€there€is€no€specific€statutory€basis€stated€for€the€imposition€of€consecutiveÏsentencing,€we€review€Williams'€sentences€òòde€novoóóò ò€ó ówithout€a€presumption€ofÐ  :À04 Ðcorrectness.ÌÌ1.à0 ` àòòManner€of€ServiceóóÐ À` (#` (# Ðà ` àà ¸ àWilliams€complains€that€the€trial€court€should€not€have€ordered€him€toÏserve€his€sentence€in€the€Department€of€Correction.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àAs€a€Range€I,€Class€C€and€D€felon,€Williams€began€the€sentencingÏprocess€with€the€presumption€of€favorable€candidacy€for€alternative€sentencing.€ÏòòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35Ô‡X¢<XX X¢<Ô„102(6)€(1997)Ô#† X¢<XXX¢< ˆ#Ô.€€He€was€not,€however,€a€candidateÐ ` Ðfor€probation€based€upon€his€agreed€sentence€of€ten€years;€further,€his€effectiveÏsentence€after€the€imposition€of€consecutive€sentencing€was€twelve€years.€€òòSeeóóÐ  À ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„303(a)€(1997)€(defendant€sentenced€to€eight€years€or€lessÏeligible€for€probation€consideration).ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àAlthough€this€defendant€has€only€a€record€of€traffic€violations,€there€isÏevidence€he€has€used€drugs€extensively€and€consumed€alcohol€even€though€he€isÏunderage.€€There€is€also€evidence€of€uncharged€criminal€activity€in€that€heÏvandalized€his€roommate's€apartment€and€ñ³Cñœñ³Cñshopliftedñ³Cñ›ñ³Cñ€before€beginning€the€crimeÏspree€for€which€he€received€these€sentences.€€He€chose€to€commit€these€crimesÏrather€than€humble€himself€by€asking€for€his€family's€assistance€after€he€lost€his€jobÏand€left€his€apartment.€€This€defendant's€work€history€is€notable€in€that€he€has€beenÏfired€from€several€jobs€and€released€from€the€Navy,€never€maintaining€employmentÏfor€more€than€three€months.€€Despite€his€claim€of€remorse€at€the€sentencing€hearingÏand€his€parents'€testimony€that€they€will€be€supportive€of€him€and€have€witnessedÏa€change€in€him€since€his€arrest,€these€egregious€facts€are€cause€for€concern€inÏevaluating€his€prospects€for€successful€rehabilitation.Ìà ` àà ¸ àÐ  :À04 Ðà ` àà ¸ àUltimately,€however,€we€are€persuaded€that€the€trial€court€correctlyÏfound€that€incarceration,€rather€than€alternative€sentencing,€was€appropriate€due€toÏthe€seriousness€of€these€offenses€and€in€order€to€provide€an€effective€deterrenceÏto€others€who€might€commit€similar€offenses.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.ðð€40„35„Ð   Ð103(1)(B)€(1997).€€The€Knox€Doss,€Beech,€Booth€and€Hill€crimes€are€particularlyÏserious.€€The€extent€of€the€senseless€devastation€to€Knox€Doss€and€Beech€isÏshocking€and€outrageous.ñ¬Cñ׃ ×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú11Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×ñ¬Cñ€€The€defendant's€commission€of€the€Booth€burglary€isÏparticularly€reprehensible€in€that€the€victims€of€this€crime€were€a€family€that€hadÏtaken€him€in€for€a€time€when€he€had€nowhere€else€to€live.€€The€Hill€burglary€wasÏboth€reprehensible€and€dangerous€because€it€was€committed€while€the€family€wasÏin€the€home€sleeping.€€The€fact€that€all€of€the€defendant's€crimes€were€committedÏin€order€to€support€himself,€rather€than€turning€to€family€resources€and€avoidingÏillegal€activity,€further€underscores€the€seriousness€of€these€offenses.€€With€respectÏto€deterrence,€there€was€evidence€that€these€crimes€were€well„known€to€theÏcommunity€and€that€school€children€were€watching€to€see€how€the€defendants€wereÏpunished.€€School€officials€testified€that€this€was€a€case€in€which€the€sentence€couldÏprovide€deterrence€to€others€likely€to€commit€similar€offenses.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThus,€the€trial€court€correctly€determined€that€the€state€successfullyÏrebutted€the€presumption€of€favorable€candidacy€for€alternative€sentencing.ÌÌ2.à0 ` àòòConsecutive€SentencingóóÐÀ0`'*` (#` (# Ðà ` àà ¸ àNext,€Williams€claims€the€trial€court€erred€in€finding€consecutiveÏsentencing€appropriate.€€However,€the€record€demonstrates€that€he€has€anÏextensive€record€of€criminal€activity.€€The€present€offenses€are€numerous.€ÏAdditional€offenses€were€dismissed€as€part€of€the€plea€bargain,€although€it€isÏundisputed€that€the€defendant€committed€those€crimes.€€The€defendant€committedÐ  :À04 Ðmany€other€uncharged€offenses,€including€daily€marijuana€use,€use€of€numerousÏother€illicit€drugs,€underage€consumption€of€alcohol€in€copious€quantities€of€a€pintÏto€a€fifth€of€a€gallon€daily,€shoplifting€and€vandalizing€his€roommmate's€apartment.ñ³Cñœñ³Cññ­Cñ׃'×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú11Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×ñ­Cñ€Ï€òòCfóó.€òòState€v.€Cummingsóó,€868€S.W.2d€661,€667€(Tenn,€Crim.€App.€1992)€(defendantÐ   Ðconvicted€of€eight€counts€of€an€eighty€count€indictment€who€was€without€prior€record€Ïhad€an€extensive€record€of€criminal€activity).ÌÌà@àà,àò òIIó óˆÐ €  Ðà ` àà ¸ àIn€the€final€issue€before€us,€the€defendants€challenge€the€trial€court'sÏorder€regarding€restitution.€€Specifically,€they€claim€that€the€exact€amountsÏrepresenting€the€losses,€particularly€at€the€schools,€are€unclear€and€that€he€mayÏhave€been€assessed€restitution€for€some€portion€of€the€losses€covered€byÏinsurance.ñ³Cñ׃×ñ³Cññ³Cñ׃!×ñ³CñÝ ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú11Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Wilbanks€claims€the€liability€of€each€defendant€for€restitution€should€beÐ à€ Ð"directly€proportional€to€each€defendant's€degree€of€responsibility€in€relation€to€theÏtotal€damages."ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àAs€part€of€the€sentencing€determination,€a€trial€court€may€orderÏpayment€of€restitution€to€a€victim.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„104(c)(2)€(1997).€€TheÏ"victim"€is€the€individual€against€whom€the€offense€was€actually€committed,€not€theÏindividual's€insurer.€€òòState€v.€Alfordóó,€970€S.W.2d€944€(Tenn.€1998).€The€amount€ofÐ - #& Ðrestitution€"must€be€based€upon€the€victim's€pecuniary€loss€and€the€financialÏcondition€and€obligations€of€the€defendant[,]€and€the€amount€ordered€to€be€paidÏdoes€not€have€to€equal€or€mirror€the€victim's€precise€pecuniary€loss."€€òòState€v.€Smithóó,Ð  2@), Ð898€S.W.2d€742,€747€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994)€(interpreting€requirements€forÏpayment€of€restitution€by€probationers€pursuant€to€ðð€40„35„304(d)).€€The€amountÐ `6-0 Ðmust€be€reasonable.€€òòIdóó.€€The€court€may€impose€restitution€liability€among€co„Ð `  Ðdefendants€jointly€and€severally,€with€each€defendant€receiving€credit€toward€theÏtotal€amount€due€for€the€payments€made€by€his€co„defendants.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.Ð  À ÐHeather€R.€Dowdyóó,€No.€02C01„9610„CR„00348,€slip€op.€at€6€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,Ð   ÐJackson,€July€18,€1997);€òòState€v.€Tonya€Lynn€Robertsóó,€No.€01C01„9410„CC„00332,Ð à€ Ðslip€op.€at€3,7€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Nashville,€Mar.€10,€1995).ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àTo€the€extent€that€the€defendants€find€the€record€confusing€as€to€theÏactual€losses€of€the€victims,€the€court€is€in€agreement.€€The€county's€risk€managerÏtestified€about€several€amounts€relative€to€the€school€crimes,€ñ®Cñalthoughñ®Cññ¯Cñbutñ¯Cñ€his€testimony€isÏconfusing€and€at€odds€with€some€of€the€documentation€submitted€with€the€victimÏimpact€statement.€€The€documentation€accompanying€the€victim€impact€statementÏindicates€partial€insurance€recovery,€although€it€is€not€clear€to€which€amounts€theÏrecovery€applies.ñ°Cñ׃<×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú12Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×ñ°Cñ€€This€is€particularly€critical€in€that€one€of€the€five€co„defendantsÏwho€participated€in€the€scheme€to€sell€some€of€the€stolen€property€from€Beech€HighÏSchool€was€not€present€at€the€school€and€therefore€did€not€participate€in€theÏvandalism.€€Further,€some€of€the€figures€given€appear€to€overlap€in€their€coverageÏof€losses.€€There€is€no€indication€whether€insurance€paid€for€any€of€the€lossesÏresulting€from€the€crimes€at€the€Hill€home€and€the€city€park,€although€it€is€likely€thatÏthese€victims€had€insurance.€€With€respect€to€the€Booth€crimes,€restitution€of€$1,700Ïper€defendant€was€ordered;€however,€Mr.€Booth€testified€that€all€but€$200€worth€ofÏproperty€was€recovered.€€Furthermore,€there€is€evidence€from€Williams'€presentenceÏreport€that€the€Booths€were€insured€for€their€loss.€€The€trial€court's€findings€regardingÏrestitution€are€ñ±Cñcursoryñ±Cññ²Cñbriefñ²Cñ,€and€the€court€did€not€sufficiently€explain€how€it€arrived€at€theÏrestitution€figures.€€Moreover,€it€appears€that€the€court€may€have€divided€the€totalÏamount€due€in€restitution€to€the€schools€among€all€of€the€defendants,€although€theÏcourt€did€not€explicitly€state€it€was€taking€such€action.Ð  :À04 Їà ` àà ¸ àBecause€we€are€unable€to€tell€from€the€record€whether€the€trial€courtÏtook€into€account€any€insurance€recovery€in€computing€the€amount€of€restitution€dueÏand€because€we€are€unable€to€review€generally€the€propriety€of€the€court'sÏrestitution€order€due€to€the€absence€of€specific€findings€and€explanation€of€theÏrestitution€amounts€at€which€the€court€arrived,€a€remand€is€in€order.€€On€remand,€theÏtrial€court€shall€make€appropriate€written€or€oral€findings€on€the€record€on€theÏpertinent€issues€such€that€this€court€may€review€the€propriety€of€the€restitutionÏamounts€imposed€in€the€event€œñ»Cñeither›€defendantñ»Cññ¼Cñany€partyñ¼Cñ›€is€dissatisfied€with€the€trial€court'sÏjudgment.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed,€except€the€order€ofÏrestitution€is€reversed€and€remanded.ÌÌÓÓà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à________________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJAMES€CURWOOD€WITT,€JR.,€JUDGEÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌ_______________________________ÌDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JUDGEÌÌÌ_______________________________ÌJOHN€EVERETT€WILLIAMS,€JUDGEÌÌ