ÿWPC˜: É„Šë©Ë›o× ªJï2}.@€¡¦È»pÒ1¾sù§(Ÿœ?wÕ“¥¾ƒ¢†Y¨ÕËí”bóíí’ ÐŠú+̓/æL÷rp‚í¢9ýàêªl-‡ ëÝÙ1y0b—“PeÒ <O~T›2ÃNûŸ*þб$ýõq×!;Aùÿ‡&‹~‡ôÿà ŠšÞ7}2½›Úvü7n»r ²çJk¿QùZ?Î-Çr˜ò„D@ÉÂ@h!Irõå‹ìÿ@«½®ðâüÅõ” X¶zïî´GêÉqõû¤Í´IÛÖ'XÙ×Ï1BáÕ™ôD”gg±Ù'ÇS§»êˆøÊ Mm-8-y•†„h´oü³ÕÇtBЀšPÜ!*eFÒyŽþ×"]:·_´~³5ßO”„„7Îû/@sq?2f<†XeBnj^|MiŽæÐÕ¦œ©Žªh6h#Œ…•£°Tì¶ .†ŸÈÁÀ§aÂ_J 2)„Ì¡G7ÌíÉé&ñùâý{¸ä$œZ~áàŽÜŒu!1Ëõu*Ë¥LÛ”†pϙڑÏ:šDÈUþÒ+‹O º‹ ÓSº ÚáDZ}žN3…Áù§ "WéŸzÀÉX%ÆðgX®|È£‹`#!@UNa %¯ 0(µU:ÝL wc 4g { Š T _ˆ g†ïu mw†ŽU,$U:@$ 0Dz$ 0D¾$ª%5¬(á)á)±~-~-~-R/3/3/3N6^ ƒ6ƒ6ƒ6 B66666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666 AQ¬6Æý6 0DÃ7 0 8 0 D!:!: D3e:˜HP LaserJet 8000 DN PSØÚØÚÚØØÚ0(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡, øð AZ"Arial RegularC:\OFFICE\WPWIN\TEMPLATE\STANDARD.WPTtpO'3|x wÝ ƒ\Ù¡$ÝÑT@R[ì AØ'ÿ LegalXà3Ø' Letter  AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XõæXXXÔÔ€ôòXXõæÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€State€filed€a€notice€of€appeal€from€the€post„conviction€courtððs€judgment€reversing€theÐ `  Ðpetitionerððs€death€sentence€and€granting€the€petitioner€a€new€sentencing€hearing.€€However,€on€JuneÐ ( È Ð16,€1998,€the€State€filed€a€motion€to€dismiss€its€appeal.€€This€court€granted€the€Stateððs€motion€on€JulyÐ ð  Ð13,€1998. JÝ ƒ\Ù¡$ÝÑT@R[ì AØ'ÿ LegalXà3Ø' Letter  AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XõæXXXÔÔ€ôòXXõæÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔIn€his€brief,€the€petitioner€generally€refers€the€court€to€his€amended€petition€for€post„convictionÐ `  Ðrelief,€Sections€No.€16,€(h)€through€(r),€and€No.€17,€(a)€through€(k).€€These€sections€include€issuesÐ ( È Ðrelating€to€the€petitionerððs€death€sentence.€€These€issues€are€moot€due€to€the€post„conviction€courtððsÐ ð  Ðreversal€of€the€petitionerððs€death€sentence€and€the€Stateððs€withdrawal€of€its€appeal.€€Accordingly,€weÐ ¸ X Ðdo€not€address€issues€relating€to€the€petitionerððs€death€sentence€in€this€opinion. ~ Ý ƒ\Ù¡$ÝÑT@R[ì AØ'ÿ LegalXà3Ø' Letter  AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XõæXXXÔÔ€ôòXXõæÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔOn€March€21,€1994,€the€petitioner€filed,€pro€se,€a€motion€to€dismiss€the€petition€for€post„Ð `  Ðconviction€relief.€€He€alleged€that€his€post„conviction€counsel,€James€E.€Brenner,€had€filed€the€petitionÐ ( È Ðwithout€his€authorization.€€On€March€24,€1994,€the€State€filed€a€motion€for€a€hearing€concerning€theÐ ð  Ðpetitionerððs€motion€to€dismiss€his€petition.€€On€April€15,€1994,€petitionerððs€counsel€filed€a€response€inÐ ¸ X Ðopposition€to€the€aforementioned€motions,€alleging€that€the€petitioner€was€incompetent€and€noting€thatÐ €  Ðdefense€counsel€had€filed€an€ex€parte€motion€for€expert€assistance€from€a€psychiatrist€and/orÐ H è Ðpsychologist€and€for€investigative€support.€€On€June€28,€1994,€the€post„conviction€court€ordered€thatÐ ° Ðthe€State€evaluate€the€petitioner€in€order€to€determine€his€competence€to€submit€his€pro€se€motion.€Ð Øx ÐAdditionally,€on€August€12,€1996,€pursuant€to€the€ex€parte€motion€filed€by€petitionerððs€counsel,€theÐ  @ Ðpost„conviction€court€also€appointed€Dr.€Gillian€Blair,€a€licensed€clinical€psychologist,€to€examine€theÐ h  Ðpetitioner.Ð 0Ð  Ðà Œ àSubsequently,€at€the€post„conviction€evidentiary€hearing,€the€State€challenged€the€instantÐ ø˜  Ðpetition,€arguing€that€the€petitioner€had€not€signed€the€petition€nor€authorized€its€submission€and€thatÐ À`  Ðthe€petitioner€was€competent€to€withdraw€the€petition.€€The€State€cited€Tenn.€Code.€Ann.€ðð€40„30„102Ð ˆ(  Ð(1990),€which€provides€that€ð ð[a]€òòprisoneróó€.€.€.€may€petition€for€post„conviction€relief.ðð€(Emphasis€added).€Ð Pð  ÐIn€response,€defense€counsel€represented€to€the€court€that€he€had€filed€the€instant€petition€with€theÐ ¸  Ðpermission€of€the€petitioner€and€again€asserted€that€the€petitioner€was€incompetent.€€Ð à€  Ðà Œ àFollowing€the€partiesðð€presentation€of€proof,€the€post„conviction€court€noted€that€Sup.€Ct.€RuleÐ ¨H  Ð28,€ðð€5€(E)(2)€was€not€in€effect€when€the€instant€petition€was€filed€and€concluded€that€the€petition€wasÐ p Ðproperly€filed€and,€additionally,€that€the€petitioner€was€not€competent€to€withdraw€his€petition.€€TheÐ 8Ø ÐState€does€not€contest€this€determination€on€appeal. |Ý ƒ\Ù¡$ÝÑT@R[ì AØ'ÿ LegalXà3Ø' Letter  AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XõæXXXÔÔ€ôòXXõæÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAt€the€time€of€Mr.€Mosherððs€murder,€Mr.€Lewis€was€incarcerated€in€the€federal€penitentiary€inÐ `  ÐLeavenworth,€Kansas.€€:ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ |Ý ƒ\Ù¡$ÝÑT@R[ì AØ'ÿ LegalXà3Ø' Letter  AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XõæXXXÔÔ€ôòXXõæÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú7Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝBecause€trial€counsel€failed€to€preserve€copies€of€the€records€in€their€case€files,€it€is€notÐ `  Ðentirely€clear€whether€they€reviewed€all€of€the€records€submitted€at€the€post„conviction€evidentiaryÐ ( È Ðhearing.€€Nevertheless,€Mr.€Bryan€testified€that€he€reviewed€the€Fortwood€records€and€that€heÐ ð  Ðprobably€reviewed€all€of€the€federal€penitentiary€records€as€well.€€Mr.€Hill€could€not€recall€preciselyÐ ¸ X Ðwhat€records€they€reviewed.€€Nevertheless,€he€testified€that€he€was€aware€of€the€petitionerððsÐ €  Ðpsychiatric€or€psychological€treatment€at€these€institutions., øð AZArial , øð AZ‹"Arial Regular(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó  Ý ƒ\Ù¡$ÝÑT@R[ì AØ'ÿ LegalXà3Ø' Letter  AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XõæXXXÔÔ€ôòXXõæÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAt€the€post„conviction€evidentiary€hearing,€petitionerððs€counsel€asserted€that€he€requiredÐ `  Ðadditional€funds€and€additional€time€in€order€to€investigate€further€the€petitionerððs€history€of€mentalÐ ( È Ðillness.€€The€trial€court€determined€that€the€record€was€sufficient€to€resolve€the€petitionerððs€claims.€TheÐ ð  Ðpetitioner€does€not€challenge€this€determination€on€appeal. +Ý ƒ[¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€X „XXXÔÔ€èUBçXX „ÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€M¢çèUBÔÐ  ÐÌOctober€18,€1999ÌÌCecil€Ô_ÔCrowsonÔ_Ô,€Jr.ÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAxÔó ó “Ý ƒ\Ù¡$ÝÑT@R[ì AØ'ÿ LegalXà3Ø' Letter  AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XõæXXXÔÔ€ôòXXõæÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú8Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔAs€noted€by€the€petitioner€in€his€brief,€petitionerððs€trial€counsel€did€testify€during€the€post„Ð `  Ðconviction€evidentiary€hearing€that€the€petitioner€would€blow€his€nose€in€his€hands€during€trial€and€wipeÐ ( È Ðhis€hands€on€his€clothing.€€However,€we€disagree€with€the€petitioner€that€this€conduct€raises€seriousÐ ð  Ðdoubts€concerning€his€competency.€ §Ý ƒ\Ù¡$ÝÑT@R[ì AØ'ÿ LegalXà3Ø' Letter  AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XõæXXXÔÔ€ôòXXõæÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝWe€note€that,€at€the€time€of€the€petitionerððs€trial,€Tenn.€Code.€Ann.€ðð€33„7„301€(1986)Ð `  Ðprovided€that€a€court€may€order€an€evaluation€of€a€defendant€whenever€the€defendant€is€believed€toÐ ( È Ðbe€incompetent€to€stand€trial€or€there€is€a€question€as€to€his€mental€capacity€at€the€time€of€theÐ ð  Ðcommission€of€the€crime.€€Moreover,€in€òòPate€v.€Robinsonóó,€383€U.S.€375,€385„386,€86€S.Ct.€836,€842Ð ¸ X Ð(1966),€the€United€States€Supreme€Court€held€that,€consistent€with€principles€of€due€process,€a€trialÐ €  Ðcourt€might€be€required€to€conduct€a€competency€hearing€upon€his€receipt€of€evidence€concerning€aÐ H è Ðdefendantððs€irrational€behavior€or€any€prior€medical€opinion€on€the€defendantððs€competence€or€uponÐ ° Ðobserving€the€defendantððs€demeanor€at€trial.€€òòSee€alsoóó€òòDropeóó,€420€U.S.€at€180,€95€S.Ct.€at€908. HÝ ƒ\Ù¡$ÝÑT@R[ì AØ'ÿ LegalXà3Ø' Letter  AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XõæXXXÔÔ€ôòXXõæÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú9Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔInterestingly€and€somewhat€inconsistently,€Mr.€Bryan€also€testified€at€the€post„convictionÐ `  Ðevidentiary€hearing€that€he€could€not€ethically€have€interposed€a€defense€of€actual€innocence.€€Yet,€theÐ ( È Ðrecord€clearly€reflects€that€defense€counsel€did€rely€primarily€upon€this€defense€at€trial.CŽR'L  dZ[_Cþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(Ê(2çú$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÑTR[° AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€XƒXXXÔÔ€ôt¾õXXƒÔà Œ àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó$$$$'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ` °ÑÑܰÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X „XXXÔÑTR[° AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑò òòòÑ8€‡ XXdìdÈ8ÑÑ  Ñßv€Y_@0,j: `€€@ÿEðf Žtt¨¦(` \vßà@Z Z ÚàIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ `  ÐÌà@ÿÿ*ÚàAT€KNOXVILLEóóˆÐ 8 Ø ÐÌà@””'ÚàMARCH€1999€SESSIONó óˆÐ  ° ÐÌÌÌò òBOBBY€R.€Ô_ÔWILCOXSONÔ_Ô,à ” àà ì àà D à*ó óà œ àC.C.A.€No.€03C01„9804„CR„00134Ð ®N ÐÌà Œ àAppellant,à < àà ” àà ì àà D à*à œ àHAMILTON€COUNTYÐ €  ÐÌvs.€à Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à*à œ àHon.€William€H.€Ô_ÔInmanÔ_Ô,€Senior€JudgeÐ Lì  ÐÌò ò€STATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à ì àà D à*ó óà œ à(Post„Conviction)Ð ¸  ÐÌà Œ àAppellee.à < àà ” àà ì àà D à*Ð êŠ ÐÌÌÌòòFor€Appellantóó:à < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àòòFor€Appelleeóó:Ð ‚" ÐÌJames€E.€Brennerà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àJohn€Knox€Ô_ÔWalkupÔ_ÔÐ Nî ÐClark€Hill€Ô_ÔP.L.C.Ô_Ôà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ 4Ô Ð500€Woodward€Avenueà ” àà ì àà D àà œ à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÐ º ÐSuite€3500à ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493Ð    ÐDetroit,€Michigan€48226„3435ÌÌWilliam€C.€Ô_ÔCarrigerÔ_Ôà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àKenneth€W.€Ô_ÔRuckerÔ_ÔÐ ²"R ÐÔ_ÔStrangÔ_Ô,€Fletcher,€Ô_ÔCarrigerÔ_Ô,à ” àà ì àà D àà œ àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÐ ˜#8 ÐWalker,€Ô_ÔHodgeÔ_Ô€&€Smithà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àCriminal€Justice€DivisionÐ ~$ Ð400€Krystal€Buildingà ” àà ì àà D àà œ à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÐ d% ÐOne€Union€Squareà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493Ð J&ê  ÐChattanooga,€Tennessee€37402ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€òò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÐ È*h!% ÐÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌNORMA€MCGEE€OGLE,€JUDGEÐ  ø1˜(-± ÐÔ_ÔÓÓà@33-Úàò òòòOPINIONó óóóˆÐ `  Ðà Œ àà ä àOn€November€1,€1986,€the€petitioner,€Bobby€R.€Ô_ÔWilcoxsonÔ_Ô,€wasÐ @ à Ðconvicted€in€the€Hamilton€County€Criminal€Court€of€first€degree€murder€and,€onÐ  À ÐFebruary€13,€1987,€was€sentenced€to€death€by€electrocution.€€On€direct€appeal,€theÐ   ÐTennessee€Supreme€Court€affirmed€the€petitionerððs€conviction€and€death€sentence.€Ð à€ ÐòòState€v.€Ô_ÔWilcoxsonÔ_Ôóó,€772€S.W.2d€33€(Tenn.€1989),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€494€U.S.€1074,€110Ð À`  ÐS.Ct.€1798€(1990).€€The€petitionerððs€counsel€then€filed€a€petition€for€post„convictionÐ  @  Ðrelief€on€June€14,€1990,€which€petition€was€amended€on€February€7,€1992,€and€onÐ €  ÐMarch€31,€1997.׃ ×Ý ƒ]#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Following€an€evidentiary€hearing,€the€post„conviction€court€deniedÐ ` Ðthe€petitioner€relief€from€his€conviction,€but€reversed€the€petitionerððs€death€sentence,Ð @à Ðfinding€that€the€petitioner€had€received€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€during€theÐ  À Ðpenalty€phase€of€his€trial.€€The€State€now€concedes€that€the€petitioner€is€entitled€to€aÐ   Ðnew€sentencing€hearing.׃ ø×Ý ƒ]#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€However,€the€petitioner€appeals€the€post„convictionÐ à€ Ðcourtððs€denial€of€relief€from€his€conviction.Ð À!` ЇÔ_Ôà Œ àà ä àOn€appeal,€the€petitioner€presents€the€following€issues€for€our€review:׃ ×Ý ƒ]#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð `  ÐÓÓà8 Œ à1.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€petitionerððs€trial€counsel€rendered€ineffectiveÐ @ à Ðassistance€during€the€guilt/innocence€phase€of€his€trial€inÐ 0 Ð Ðfailing€to€adequately€investigate€the€petitionerððsÐ  À Ðcompetence€to€stand€trial€and€the€feasibility€of€an€insanityÐ ° Ðdefense€or€a€claim€of€diminished€capacity.Рä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ à2.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€petitionerððs€trial€counsel€were€also€ineffectiveÐ à€ Ðduring€the€guilt/innocence€phase€for€the€followingÐ Ðp  Ðreasons:ÐÀ` ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àa.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àFailure€to€request€and€obtain€adequateÐ °P  Ðexpert€and€investigative€assistance;Р@ <x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àb.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àFailure€to€investigate€and€present€allÐ 0  Ðavailable€evidence€supporting€theÐ €  Ðpetitionerððs€claim€of€innocence;Ðp<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àc.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àFailure€to€rebut€the€Stateððs€case;Ð`<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àd.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àFailure€to€object€during€voir€dire€to€theÐ Pð Ðexclusion€of€jurors€opposed€to€capitalÐ @à Ðpunishment;Ð0Ð<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àe.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àFailure€to€exclude€those€jurors€whose€viewsÐ  À Ðwould€prevent€or€substantially€impair€theÐ ° Ðperformance€of€their€duties;Р<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àf.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àFailure€to€adequately€advise€the€petitionerÐ ð Ðconcerning€the€option€of€testifying€duringÐ à€ Ðhis€trial;ÐÐ p<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àg.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àFailure€to€object€to€the€trial€courtððsÐ À!` Ðinstruction€to€the€jury€on€reasonable€doubt;€Ð°"P<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àh.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àFailure€to€allege€ineffective€assistance€ofÐ  #@ Ðcounsel€in€the€motion€for€new€trial€and€onÐ $0 Ðdirect€appeal;Ѐ% <x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àI.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àCounselððs€withdrawal€from€the€petitionerððsÐ p& Ðcase€during€direct€appellate€proceedings.Ð`' <x<x ÐÌà8 Œ à3.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€the€petitioner€was€denied€his€constitutional€rightÐ @)à" Ðto€a€speedy€trial.Ð0*Ð #ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ à4.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€the€petitioner€was€denied€his€statutory€right€toÐ ,°"% Ðbe€tried€within€one€hundred€and€fifty€(150)€days€followingÐ - #& Ðhis€arraignment.Ðð-$'ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ à5.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€the€trial€court€erroneously€excluded€jurors€dueÐ Ð/p&) Ðto€their€opposition€to€capital€punishment.ÐÀ0`'*ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ à6.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€the€trial€court€erred€by€instructing€the€juryÐ  2@), Ðconcerning€the€offense€of€accessory€before€the€fact,Ð 30*- ÐÔ_Ôdespite€the€omission€of€this€offense€from€the€indictment.Ð` ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ à7.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€the€trial€courtððs€instructions€to€the€jury€wereÐ @ à Ðinaccurate€and€confusing€and€thereby€misled€the€jury.Ð0 Ðä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ à8.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€the€trial€court€improperly€denied€the€petitionerððsÐ ° Ðpretrial€and€post€trial€motions,€including€the€petitionerððsÐ   Ðmotion€for€a€speedy€trial,€motions€for€exclusion€ofÐ ð Ðevidence,€and€motion€for€new€trial.Ðà€ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓÓFollowing€a€thorough€review€of€the€record€and€the€partiesðð€briefs,€we€affirm€theÐ À`  Ðjudgment€of€the€post„conviction€court.Ð  @  ÐÌà@§§%Úàò òòòI.€€Factual€Backgroundó óóóˆÐ ` Ðò òA.à Œ àTrial€Proceedingsó óÐ @à Ðà Œ àà ä àThe€petitionerððs€conviction€resulted€from€the€contractual€killing€ofÐ  À ÐRobert€Mosher€in€1982.€€At€the€time€of€his€death,€Mr.€Mosher€lived€in€SignalÐ   ÐMountain,€Tennessee,€with€his€wife€and€daughter€and€was€a€chemical€engineer€withÐ à€ Ðthe€DuPont€Company.€€On€October€23,€1982,€his€body€was€discovered€in€the€garageÐ À!` Ðof€his€home.€€A€piece€of€plastic€had€been€forced,€possibly€with€a€broom€handle,€eightÐ  #@ Ðto€ten€inches€down€Mr.€Mosherððs€throat,€causing€trauma€to€his€pharynx,€larynx,€andÐ €%  Ðvocal€chords€and€causing€his€death€by€suffocation.€€Mr.€Mosher€additionally€sufferedÐ `'  Ðlacerations€on€his€forehead,€around€his€mouth,€on€his€upper€left€arm,€and€on€hisÐ @)à" Ðback.€€Mr.€Mosherððs€assailants€ransacked€his€home,€but€apparently€did€not€steal€anyÐ  +À!$ Ðproperty€from€the€home.Ð - #& ÐÌà Œ àà ä àFollowing€Mr.€Mosherððs€murder,€police€investigators€were€unable€toÐ À0`'* Ðlocate€any€evidence€concerning€the€identity€of€the€perpetrator€or€perpetrators€of€theÐ  2@), Ðmurder.€€In€fact,€Mr.€Mosherððs€wife,€Evelyn€Mosher,€refused€to€speak€with€the€policeÐ €4 +. Ðfollowing€initial€interviews.€€However,€in€1985,€Mr.€James€Lewis,€a€convictedÐ `6-0 Ðmurderer€and€thief€on€parole€from€a€federal€penitentiary,€approached€the€police€withÐ @8à.2 Ðinformation€concerning€Mr.€Mosherððs€murder.€€Mr.€Lewis€believed€that€the€UnitedÐ `  ÐStates€Parole€Commission€would€soon€revoke€his€parole€and€offered€his€assistanceÐ @ à Ðin€return€for€favorable€recommendations€to€the€Parole€Commission.€€Also€in€1985,Ð  À Ðpursuant€to€a€search€warrant€obtained€while€investigating€drug€activities€by€Mrs.Ð   ÐMosher,€the€police€acquired€Mrs.€Mosherððs€address€book.€€The€address€bookÐ à€ Ðcontained€the€telephone€numbers€of€the€petitioner€and€his€brother,€ð ðColeðð€or€ð ðGreenÐ À`  ÐEyes.ðð€€Ð  @  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àOn€December€19,€1985,€a€Hamilton€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€theÐ ` Ðpetitioner€for€the€premeditated€first€degree€murder€of€Robert€Mosher.€€TheÐ @à Ðpetitionerððs€trial€commenced€on€October€28,€1986.€€The€Stateððs€evidence€revealedÐ  À Ðthat,€prior€to€Mr.€Mosherððs€murder,€the€Moshers€began€to€experience€maritalÐ   Ðdifficulties€when€Evelyn€Mosher€began€using€and€selling€drugs€in€their€SignalÐ à€ ÐMountain€home.€€The€Stateððs€evidence€further€revealed€that,€in€connection€with€herÐ À!` Ðillicit€drug€trafficking,€Mrs.€Mosher€met€Mr.€Lewis€and,€on€several€occasions,Ð  #@ Ðattempted€to€hire€him€to€kill€her€husband.€€Mr.€Lewis€declined€the€offer.׃×Ý ƒ]#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð €%  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àIn€early€1982,€the€petitioner€was€released€on€parole€from€the€federalÐ @)à" Ðpenitentiary€in€Leavenworth,€Kansas.€€The€petitioner€was€to€serve€his€parole€in€theÐ  +À!$ ÐChattanooga€area€of€Tennessee€and€spoke€with€Mr.€Lewis,€who€was€a€priorÐ - #& Ðacquaintance.€€Mr.€Lewis€suggested€that€the€petitioner€contact€Evelyn€Mosher.€Ð à.€%( ÐHowever,€he€warned€the€petitioner€that€Mrs.€Mosher€might€attempt€to€hire€him€to€killÐ À0`'* Ðher€husband.€€The€petitioner€responded,€ð ðI€donððt€know€about€that,€but€if€she€hiresÐ  2@), Ðme,€sheððll€get€the€meanest€son„of„a„bitch€sheððs€ever€seen€in€her€life.ððÐ €4 +. Їà Œ àà ä àThe€State€argued€at€trial€that€Evelyn€Mosher€did,€in€fact,€hire€theÐ `  Ðpetitioner€and€his€brother,€ð ðGreen€Eyes,ðð€to€murder€her€husband€and€also€asked€thatÐ @ à Ðher€husbandððs€death€appear€to€be€accidental€in€order€to€increase€any€insuranceÐ  À Ðproceeds.€€The€State€also€asserted€that€the€Wilcoxsons€accepted€the€contract€to€killÐ   ÐMr.€Mosher.€€Specifically,€the€State€posited€that,€on€October€23,€1982,€theÐ à€ ÐWilcoxsons€attempted€to€kill€Mr.€Mosher€by€pushing€him€from€a€ladder,€later€foundÐ À`  Ðleaning€against€the€sink€in€the€kitchen€of€the€Mosher€home.€€However,€Mr.€MosherÐ  @  Ðstruggled,€and€the€Wilcoxsons€beat€and€suffocated€him€instead.€€They€thenÐ €  Ðransacked€Mr.€Mosherððs€home€in€order€to€create€the€impression€that€Mr.€Mosher€hadÐ ` Ðbeen€attacked€by€burglars.€€As€a€result€of€her€husbandððs€murder,€Mrs.€MosherÐ @à Ðreceived€two€hundred€and€nine€thousand€and€two€hundred€and€seventy€dollars€andÐ  À Ðeighty€cents€($209,270.80)€in€insurance€proceeds.Ð   ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€Stateððs€key€evidence€at€trial€was€a€conversation€between€theÐ À!` Ðpetitioner,€Mr.€Lewis,€and€Eddie€Cooper,€an€undercover€police€officer,€whichÐ  #@ Ðoccurred€on€December€14,€1985,€and€was€recorded€by€the€police.€€During€thisÐ €%  Ðconversation,€Mr.€Lewis€sought€to€hire€the€petitioner€to€commit€a€murder€in€Atlanta,Ð `'  ÐGeorgia.€€While€discussing€payment€arrangements€for€the€proposed€murder,€theÐ @)à" Ðpetitioner€also€discussed€Mrs.€Mosherððs€failure€to€pay€him€pursuant€to€a€priorÐ  +À!$ Ðcontract.€€When€asked€why€he€had€agreed€to€ð ðkill€her€old€manðð€without€demandingÐ - #& Ðpayment€in€advance,€the€petitioner€replied,€ð ðWell,€I€„€„€itððs€a€fluked€up€deal.ðð€€HeÐ à.€%( Ðindicated€that€Mrs.€Mosher€had€only€paid€ð ðexpenses€coming€in.ðð€€The€petitionerÐ À0`'* Ðdenied€ð ðbuggingðð€Mrs.€Mosher€about€the€money.€€He€stated,€ð ðIððve€asked€her€about€it,Ð  2@), Ðbut€thereððs€a€difference€between€asking€and€bugging.ððÐ €4 +. ÐÌà Œ àà ä àMr.€Lewis€indicated€to€the€petitioner€that€he€felt€responsible€for€theÐ @8à.2 Ðð ðfluked€up€dealðð€because€he€had€introduced€the€petitioner€to€Mrs.€Mosher.€€HeÐ `  Ðoffered€to€pay€the€petitioner€an€additional€amount€of€money€for€the€current€contractÐ @ à Ðin€order€to€compensate€him€for€the€Mosher€murder.€€During€the€conversation,€theÐ  À Ðpetitioner€remarked,€ð ðWell,€if€you€could€just€spare€some€cash€on€it,€fine.€€Because€IÐ   Ðowe€the€other€boy€.€.€.€.€€Iððll€pay€the€other€boy€his€half€of€that€one€on€Evelyn€[Mosher]Ð à€ Ðand€Iððll€just€forget€mine.ðð€Ð À`  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€petitioner€subsequently€suggested€that€ð ðthe€other€boyðð€is€hisÐ €  Ðbrother,€ð ðGreen€Eyes.ðð€€Moreover,€during€the€conversation,€the€petitioner€recountedÐ ` Ðdetails€of€the€Mosher€murder€to€Mr.€Lewis:Ð @à ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à[Evelyn]€said€that€it€would€be€so€and€so€and€so€and€so,Ð  À Ðand€when€the€man€went€down€to€hit€him,€the€manÐ ° Ðstepped€off€the€ladder,€and€you€have€to€have€the€weightÐ   Ðof€his€body€falling€to€break€his€neck.€.€.€.€And€then€he€putÐ ð Ðup€a€goddamn€.€.€.€struggle,€and€.€.€.€he€said€that€heÐ à€ Ðwould€be€wasted,€and€the€mother€fucker€was€wasted,Ð Ð p Ðsee.€.€.€.€€Double€indemnity€if€itððd€been€an€accident.€€ÐÀ!`ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓß?ÓAt€another€point€in€the€conversation,€the€undercover€officer€asked,€concerning€theÐ  #@ Ðcurrent€contract,€ð ðCan€you€assure€me€that€it€wonððt€be€botched€like€Evelynððs€oldÐ €%  Ðman?ðð€€The€petitioner€replied,€ð ðThat€job€wasnððt€botched.€€He€was€dead.€€Thatððs€all€itÐ `'  Ðcalled€for.ððÐ @)à" ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€petitionerððs€case€consisted€solely€of€testimony€establishing€that€hisÐ - #& Ðblood€type€did€not€match€two€different€blood€types€found€at€the€scene€of€the€crime.€Ð à.€%( ÐThe€petitionerððs€counsel€argued€in€closing€that€Mr.€Mosher€had€been€murdered€byÐ À0`'* Ðsomeone€other€than€the€petitioner€and€his€brother,€possibly€drug€traffickingÐ  2@), Ðassociates€of€Evelyn€Mosher.€€They€conceded€that€the€petitioner€was€aware€of€theÐ €4 +. Ðcircumstances€of€Mr.€Mosherððs€death.€€However,€they€noted€that€the€petitioner€knewÐ `6-0 ÐEvelyn€Mosher€and€could€have€obtained€the€information€from€her.€€They€furtherÐ @8à.2 Ðasserted€that€any€incriminating€statements€by€the€petitioner€during€the€recordedÐ `  Ðconversation€with€Mr.€Lewis€and€the€undercover€officer€stemmed€from€theÐ @ à Ðpetitionerððs€intoxication€at€the€time€of€the€conversation€and€the€immediate€prospectÐ  À Ðof€being€paid€twelve€thousand€and€five€hundred€dollars€($12,500)€in€advance€for€theÐ   Ðproposed€Atlanta,€Georgia€murder.€€Trial€counsel€emphasized€that,€during€theÐ à€ Ðrecorded€conversation,€the€petitioner€never€explicitly€confessed€to€the€MosherÐ À`  Ðmurder.Ð  @  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àAt€the€conclusion€of€the€proof€and€after€fifty„two€minutes€ofÐ ` Ðdeliberation,€the€jury€found€the€petitioner€guilty€of€first€degree€murder.€€TheÐ @à Ðpetitionerððs€sentencing€hearing€commenced€immediately€following€the€juryððs€verdict.€Ð  À ÐHowever,€during€the€course€of€the€penalty€phase€of€the€petitionerððs€trial,€theÐ   Ðpetitioner€attempted€to€commit€suicide€by€overdosing€with€Elavil€and€was€admitted€toÐ à€ ÐErlanger€Hospital€in€Chattanooga.€€The€trial€court€declared€a€mistrial€of€the€penaltyÐ À!` Ðphase.€€On€February€13,€1987,€a€different€jury€imposed€a€sentence€of€death€byÐ  #@ Ðelectrocution.Ð €%  ÐÌò òB.à Œ àSubsequent€Proceedingsó óÐ @)à" Ðà Œ àà ä àOn€direct€appeal,€the€petitioner€raised€the€following€issues:Ð  +À!$ ÐÓÓà8 Œ à1.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€he€was€denied€the€right€to€a€speedy€trial.Ð- #&ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ à2.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€he€was€denied€the€right,€pursuant€to€Tenn.Ð ð-$' ÐCode.€Ann.€ðð€40„18„103,€to€be€tried€within€one€hundredÐ à.€%( Ðand€fifty€(150)€days€of€his€arraignment.ÐÐ/p&)ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ à3.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€the€trial€court€erroneously€admitted€intoÐ À0`'* Ðevidence€numerous€photographs,€which€were€unfairlyÐ °1P(+ Ðprejudicial.Р2@),ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ à4.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€the€trial€court€erroneously€admitted€intoÐ 30*- Ðevidence€unsigned€copies€of€the€petitionerððs€priorÐ €4 +. Ðconvictions.Ðp5,/ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ à5.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€the€trial€court€improperly€admitted€evidence€thatÐ `6-0 Ðthe€petitioner€was€prepared€to€commit€anotherÐ P7ð-1 Ðcontractual€murder.Ð@8à.2ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ à6.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€the€trial€court€erroneously€instructed€the€juryÐ `  Ðconcerning€the€offense€of€accessory€before€the€fact.ÐP ðä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ à7.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether,€with€respect€to€the€penalty€phase€of€theÐ @ à Ðpetitionerððs€trial,€the€trial€court€erroneously€quashedÐ 0 Ð Ðsubpoenas€duces€tecum€issued€to€the€Commissioner€ofÐ  À ÐCorrections€and€the€warden€of€the€state€penitentiary.аä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ à8.à8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhether€Tenn.€Code.€Ann.€ðð€39„2„203,€setting€forth€theÐ   Ðsentencing€procedure€for€first€degree€murder,€wasÐ ð Ðunconstitutional.Ðà€ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓ¥LÓòòWilcoxsonóó,€772€S.W.2d€at€33.€€As€noted€earlier,€the€supreme€court€affirmed€theÐ À`  Ðpetitionerððs€conviction€and€sentence,€òòId.óó€at€40;€however,€in€post„convictionÐ  @  Ðproceedings,€the€post„conviction€court€affirmed€the€petitionerððs€conviction€butÐ €  Ðreversed€his€sentence€of€death,€concluding€that€the€petitioner€had€receivedÐ ` Ðineffective€assistance€of€counsel€during€the€penalty€phase€of€his€trial.€€Again,€theÐ @à ÐState€concedes€that€the€petitioner€is€entitled€to€a€new€sentencing€hearing.€Ð  À ÐAccordingly,€the€issues€currently€before€this€court€relate€solely€to€the€post„convictionÐ   Ðcourtððs€affirmance€of€the€petitionerððs€conviction.Ð à€ ÐÌò òC.à Œ àPost„Conviction€Evidentiary€Hearingó óÐ  #@ Ðà Œ àà ä àThe€post„conviction€court€conducted€an€evidentiary€hearing€on€April€7Ð €%  Ðand€8,€1997.€€One€of€the€principal€issues€at€the€hearing€was€whether€the€petitionerððsÐ `'  Ðtrial€counsel€were€ineffective€in€failing€to€investigate€and€present€evidenceÐ @)à" Ðconcerning€the€petitionerððs€mental€condition€both€at€the€time€of€the€offense€and€atÐ  +À!$ Ðthe€time€of€trial.€€Petitionerððs€counsel€introduced€numerous€exhibits,€including€theÐ - #& Ðpetitionerððs€records€from€the€federal€penitentiary€system€from€1958€through€1982,Ð à.€%( Ðhis€records€from€Fortwood€Psychiatric€Center€in€Chattanooga€from€1982€throughÐ À0`'* Ð1987,€his€records€from€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction€from€1987€throughÐ  2@), Ð1996,€and€his€records€from€DeBerry€Special€Needs€Facility€in€Nashville€fromÐ €4 +. ÐNovember€1996€through€February€1997.Ð `6-0 ÐÐ @8à.2 Ðà Œ àà ä àThe€federal€penitentiary€records€reflect€that,€during€his€incarceration,Ð `  Ðthe€petitioner€was€diagnosed€on€different€occasions€with€ð ða€chronic€case€of€anxiety,ððÐ @ à Ðð ðpsychoneurosis€anxiety€reaction,€chronic,€severe,ðð€ð ðpassive,€aggressive€personalityÐ  À Ðdisorder,ðð€ð ðantisocial€personality,ðð€ð ðborderline€psychiatric€condition,ðð€andÐ   Ðschizophrenia.€€The€petitioner€was€prescribed€antipsychotic€drugs,€includingÐ à€ ÐStelazine,€Thorazine,€Mellaril,€and€Prolixin.€€Ð À`  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€Fortwood€records€indicate€that€the€petitioner€was€taking€StelazineÐ €  Ðat€the€time€of€the€murder€in€1982€through€May€14,€1986,€approximately€five€monthsÐ ` Ðafter€his€arrest€for€the€Mosher€murder€and€five€months€prior€to€his€trial.€€Additionally,Ð @à Ðthe€records€reflect€that€the€petitioner€was€diagnosed€with€ð ðBipolar€Disorder,€MixedððÐ  À Ðon€October€15,€1984.Ð   ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€records€from€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction,€reflectÐ À!` Ðthat,€between€1987€and€1996,€the€petitioner€was€diagnosed€on€various€occasionsÐ  #@ Ðwith€paranoid€schizophrenia,€bipolar€disorder,€and€a€personality€disorder€withÐ €%  Ðantisocial€and€narcissistic€traits.€€Additionally,€the€records€indicate€that,€during€hisÐ `'  Ðincarceration,€the€petitioner€began€refusing€medications,€resulting€in€the€significantÐ @)à" Ðdeterioration€of€his€mental€condition.€€The€petitioner€was€finally€admitted€to€theÐ  +À!$ ÐDeBerry€Special€Needs€Facility€on€November€21,€1996.€€The€records€from€DeBerryÐ - #& Ðestablish€that€Dr.€Jan€Mayer€diagnosed€the€petitioner€with€either€a€schizo„affectiveÐ à.€%( Ðdisorder,€manic,€or€a€bipolar€disorder.€€The€records€further€reveal€that,€uponÐ À0`'* Ðmedication€with€Prolixin,€followed€by€Stelazine€and€Lithium,€the€petitionerððs€conditionÐ  2@), Ðimproved€dramatically.Ð €4 +. ÐÌà Œ àà ä àPetitionerððs€counsel€also€presented€the€testimony€of€Gillian€Blair,€aÐ @8à.2 Ðlicensed€clinical€psychologist€appointed€by€the€post„conviction€court€pursuant€to€theÐ `  Ðpetitionerððs€ex€parte€motion.€€Dr.€Blair€met€with€the€petitioner€on€two€occasions,€onÐ @ à ÐAugust€26,€1996,€and€on€October€28,€1996,€at€the€Riverbend€Maximum€SecurityÐ  À ÐInstitution.€€On€the€first€visit,€Dr.€Blair€met€with€the€petitioner€for€less€than€one€hour.€Ð   ÐThe€petitioner€was€initially€ð ðvery€affable€and€very€friendly.ðð€€However,€he€was€unableÐ à€ Ðto€sit€still€and€demonstrated€ð ðpressured€speech.ðð€€Dr.€Blair€explained:Ð À`  ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à[H]e€spoke€very€rapidly,€so€rapidly€that€the€words€almostÐ  @  Ðsort€of€like€run€into€each€other.€€He€demonstrated€likeÐ 0  Ðflight€of€ideas,€he€would€flit€from€one€idea€to€another.€€HisÐ €  Ðspeech€has€a€very€sort€of€grandiose€flair€to€it.€.€.€.€[B]y€theÐ p Ðsame€token,€he€seemed€very€intelligent.€€HeÐ ` Ðdemonstrated€good€vocabulary.€€He€was€clearly€orientedÐ Pð Ðbut€he€was€very€labile,€meaning€that€he€would€switchÐ @à Ðfrom€being€very€affable€to€being€extremely€angry€with,Ð 0Ð Ðfrom€my€perception,€very€little€provocation.€Ð Àä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓ­fÓWhen€the€petitioner€read€the€courtððs€order€authorizing€a€psychological€assessment,Ð   Ðhe€became€ð ðvery,€very€agitatedðð€and,€ultimately,€terminated€the€interview,€refusing€toÐ à€ Ðsign€a€form€reflecting€his€permission€for€the€assessment€and€refusing€to€sign€formsÐ À!` Ðauthorizing€the€release€of€information€relating€to€his€case.€€Dr.€Blair€recalled,€ð ðHeÐ  #@ Ðwas€at€times€very€verbally€threatening.€€He€was€verbally€abusive€in€that€he€called€meÐ €%  Ða€lot€of€derogatory€names.ððÐ `'  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àDr.€Blairððs€second€meeting€with€the€petitioner€was€shorter€than€her€firstÐ  +À!$ Ðmeeting.€€Again,€the€petitioner€was€initially€ð ðvery€affable€and€very€friendly.ðð€Ð - #& ÐHowever,€the€petitioner€refused€to€sign€any€forms€and€soon€became€agitated€andÐ à.€%( Ðthreatening,€terminating€the€interview.Ð À0`'* ÐÌà Œ àà ä àDue€to€the€petitionerððs€refusal€to€cooperate,€Dr.€Blair€was€unable€toÐ €4 +. Ðassess€his€current€competence€with€any€certainty,€although€she€tentatively€opinedÐ `6-0 Ðthat€the€petitioner€was€not€competent€during€the€post„conviction€proceedings.€Ð @8à.2 ÐAdditionally,€on€the€basis€of€the€petitionerððs€mental€health€records€and€on€the€basisÐ `  Ðof€her€brief€interviews€with€the€petitioner,€Dr.€Blair€concluded€that€the€petitioner€wasÐ @ à Ðprobably€suffering€from€a€schizo„affective€disorder.€€Dr.€Blair€defined€a€schizo„Ð  À Ðaffective€disorder:Ð   ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àSchizo„affective€disorder€has€some€of€the€symptoms€thatÐ à€ Ðwe€typically€see€in€schizophrenia€and€along€with€eitherÐ Ðp  Ðmajor€depression,€manic€episode€or€mixed€episode,Ð À`  Ðmixed€being€mixed€mania€and€depression.€€But€you€alsoÐ °P  Ðas€well€as€having€the€affective€component€of€the€maniaÐ  @  Ðor€depression,€you€have€symptoms€consistent€withÐ 0  Ðschizophrenia,€where€you€would€either€see€delusions,Ð €  Ðhallucinations,€disorganized€speech,€frequent€derailmentÐ p Ðof€their€speech,€incoherence€in€their€speech,€grosslyÐ ` Ðdisorganized€or€catatonic€behavior.ÐPðä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓpÓDr.€Blair€noted€that€the€petitioner€also€exhibited€ð ðgrandiosity,ðð€a€symptom€moreÐ 0Ð Ðcommonly€associated€with€a€bipolar€disorder.€€However,€she€testified€thatÐ ° Ðgrandiosity€can€also€result€from€other€psychoses.€€Dr.€Blair€explained€thatÐ ð Ðgrandiosity€occurs€when€ð ðsomeone€has€like€an€elevated€opinion€of€themselves€orÐ Ð p Ðbelieves€that€they€can€do€things€that€maybe€other€people€would€think€that€they€canððtÐ °"P Ðor€that€they€would€expect€special€treatment€.€.€.€.ðð€€She€asserted€that€the€petitionerððsÐ $0 Ðperiodic€denials€of€any€mental€illness€and€his€manipulative€behavior€were€consistentÐ p& Ðwith€her€diagnosis€of€a€schizo„affective€disorder.Ð P(ð! ÐÌà Œ àà ä àDr.€Blair€also€observed€that€ð ðitððs€.€.€.€clear€from€the€records€that€Mr.Ð ,°"% ÐWilcoxson€.€.€.€has€periods€when€the€[psychotic]€symptoms€are€in€remission.ðð€€Dr.Ð ð-$' ÐBlair€further€conceded€that€the€petitionerððs€mental€health€records€reflect€that€he€isÐ Ð/p&) Ðcapable€of€planning€and€generally€capable€of€understanding€the€consequences€ofÐ °1P(+ Ðhis€actions.€€She€explained:Ð 30*- ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àSome€people€who€are€schizophrenic,€psychotic,€wouldÐ p5,/ Ðnot€be€able€to€understand€the€consequences€of€theirÐ `6-0 Ðbehavior€and€others€would.€€I€think€any€mental€illnessÐ P7ð-1 Ðthere€is€a€continuum€of€dysfunction,€so€someone€who€isÐ @8à.2 Ðmentally€ill,€whether€it€be€with€schizophrenia€or€bipolarÐ `  Ðdisorder€or€schizo„affective€could€understand€theÐ P ð Ðconsequences€of€their€behavior€while€another€individualÐ @ à Ðmay€not€and€have€the€same€diagnosis.Ð0 Ðä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓ@xÓFinally,€Dr.€Blair€agreed€that€antipsychotic€medication€can€render€a€mentally€illÐ ° Ðindividual€competent,€and€that€the€petitionerððs€mental€health€records€reflect€that€theÐ ð Ðpetitioner€was€taking€medication€at€the€time€of€the€Mosher€murder.Ð Ðp  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€petitioner€next€called€Dr.€Jan€Mayer,€a€psychiatrist€who€treatsÐ 0  Ðinmates€at€the€Lois€DeBerry€Special€Needs€Facility€in€Nashville.€€He€testified€that€heÐ p Ðtreated€the€petitioner€for€several€months€at€DeBerry€in€late€1996€and€early€1997.€€OnÐ Pð ÐNovember€21,€1996,€he€diagnosed€the€petitioner€with€either€a€schizo„affectiveÐ 0Ð Ðdisorder,€manic€type,€or€a€bipolar€mood€disorder.€€He€opined€at€the€post„convictionÐ ° Ðevidentiary€hearing€that€the€petitioner€was€more€likely€suffering€from€a€bipolar€moodÐ ð Ðdisorder.€€He€explained€that€a€person€with€a€schizo„affective€disorder€canÐ Ð p Ðexperience€psychotic€symptoms,€such€as€delusional€ideas€or€beliefs€andÐ °"P Ðhallucinations,€without€mood€disturbance.€€In€contrast,€a€person€with€bipolar€moodÐ $0 Ðdisorder€always€experiences€psychotic€symptoms€in€conjunction€with€a€moodÐ p& Ðdisturbance.€€In€any€case,€he€concluded€that€the€petitioner€was€suffering€from€ð ðaÐ P(ð! Ðchronic,€long€term,€serious€mental€disorder.ððÐ 0*Ð # ÐÌà Œ àà ä àDr.€Mayer€also€testified€that,€during€the€course€of€his€treatment€of€theÐ ð-$' Ðpetitioner,€the€petitioner€exhibited€symptoms€including€hyperactivity,€agitation,€andÐ Ð/p&) Ðthought€disorganization.€€The€petitioner€also€denied€that€he€was€mentally€ill.€€Dr.Ð °1P(+ ÐMayer€agreed€with€Dr.€Blair€that€the€petitionerððs€periodic€denial€of€his€mentalÐ 30*- Ðdisorder€is€itself€a€symptom€of€his€disorder.€€Indeed,€Dr.€Mayer€testified€that€theÐ p5,/ Ðpetitioner€often€minimizes€symptoms€of€his€disorder,€although€he€does€not€possessÐ P7ð-1 Ðð ðthe€capacity€to€fake€anythingðð€ð ðwhen€he€is€at€a€peak€of€a€manic€episode.ðð€€Dr.€MayerÐ `  Ðalso€agreed€with€Dr.€Blair€that€the€petitionerððs€manipulative€behavior€is€consistentÐ @ à Ðwith€a€diagnosis€of€mental€illness.Ð  À ЀÌà Œ àà ä àDr.€Mayer€observed€that€Stelazine€is€only€administered€to€individualsÐ à€ Ðsuffering€from€ð ðmajor€psychotic€disorder[s].ðð€€He€stated€that€he€would€expect€anyoneÐ À`  Ðtreated€with€Stelazine€to€be€evaluated€prior€to€trial€for€a€determination€ofÐ  @  Ðcompetency€and€the€feasibility€of€asserting€an€insanity€defense€or€a€claim€ofÐ €  Ðdiminished€capacity.Ð ` ÐÌà Œ àà ä àFinally,€Dr.€Mayer€conceded:Ð  À ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àIf€someone€is€psychotic€and€they€are€not€competentÐ   Ðbecause€of€that€and€they€are€treated€and€their€disorder€isÐ ð Ðin€remission,€then€they€can€become€competent€at€thatÐ à€ Ðparticular€time€.€.€.€.€€€ÐÐ pä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓÓThus,€Dr.€Mayer€observed€that,€although€the€petitioner€was€legally€incompetentÐ °"P Ðwhen€he€was€admitted€to€DeBerry€on€November€21,€1996,€he€may€have€beenÐ $0 Ðcompetent€when€he€was€discharged€on€January€14,€1997,€following€treatment€withÐ p& Ðantipsychotic€medications.€€Dr.€Mayer€further€explained€that€the€petitionerððs€mentalÐ P(ð! Ðdisorder€is€episodic€or€cyclical.€€Dr.€Mayer€opined€that€the€petitionerððs€mental€illnessÐ 0*Ð # Ðð ðis€fairly€variable€based€on€the€course€of€his€illness€and€whether€he€is€taking€hisÐ ,°"% Ðmedicationsðð€and€one€could€not€ð ðrely€on€observations€and€judgments€of€[theÐ ð-$' Ðpetitioner]€in€any€sustained€consistent€sense.ðð€Ð Ð/p&) ÐÌà Œ àà ä àIn€rebuttal,€the€State€called€Dr.€Sam€Craddock,€a€psychologist€with€theÐ 30*- ÐForensic€Services€Division€of€the€Middle€Tennessee€Mental€Health€Institute.€€OnÐ p5,/ ÐJuly€20,€1994,€pursuant€to€the€order€of€the€post„conviction€court,€Dr.€CraddockÐ P7ð-1 Ðevaluated€the€petitionerððs€competency€to€withdraw€his€petition€for€post„convictionÐ `  Ðrelief.€€He€was€accompanied€by€Dr.€Rokeya€Farooque,€a€psychiatrist,€and€RebeccaÐ @ à ÐSmith,€a€social€worker,€and€met€with€the€petitioner€for€approximately€one€and€oneÐ  À Ðhalf€hours.€€Dr.€Craddock€testified€that€the€team€discussed€with€the€petitioner€theÐ   Ðpossible€consequences€of€withdrawing€his€petition€for€post„conviction€relief€and€ð ðheÐ à€ Ðgave€us€the€impression€he€had€a€full€understanding€of€what€might€happen.ðð€Ð À`  ÐAdditionally,€he€opined€that€the€petitioner€appeared€to€understand€the€proceedingsÐ  @  Ðduring€the€post„conviction€evidentiary€hearing€and€that€the€petitioner€was€capable€ofÐ €  Ðassisting€counsel€but€chose€not€to€cooperate.Ð ` ÐÌà Œ àà ä àDr.€Craddock€admitted€that,€at€the€time€of€the€teamððs€evaluation€of€theÐ  À Ðpetitioner,€the€examiners€did€not€have€access€to€the€petitionerððs€mental€healthÐ   Ðrecords.€€Moreover,€during€the€initial€interview,€the€petitioner€exhibited€grandiosity,€ð ðaÐ à€ Ðtendency€to€talk€in€a€tangential€fashion,ðð€pressured€speech,€a€low€threshold€ofÐ À!` Ðirritation,€and€intolerance€of€deficiencies€in€others.€€Dr.€Craddock€opined€at€the€post„Ð  #@ Ðconviction€evidentiary€hearing€that€these€symptoms€could€reflect€a€mental€disorderÐ €%  Ðbut€did€not€preclude€a€finding€of€competence.€€In€fact,€the€team€concluded€followingÐ `'  Ðthe€initial€interview€that€the€petitioner€was€competent:Ð @)à" ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àIt€is€the€opinion€of€the€Forensic€Services€EvaluationÐ  +À!$ ÐTeam€that€Mr.€Wilcoxsonððs€basis€for€his€decision€is€notÐ ,°"% Ðthe€result€of€illogic,€a€deranged€mind,€or€an€inability€toÐ - #& Ðthink€rationally.€€The€Forensic€Service€examiners€did€notÐ ð-$' Ðsee€signs€of€a€mental€illness€nor€did€Mr.€Wilcoxson€reportÐ à.€%( Ðsystems€suggestive€of€mental€impairment€that€wouldÐ Ð/p&) Ðpreclude€his€capacity€to€make€a€reasoned€decision€andÐ À0`'* Ðright€to€self„determination.а1P(+ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓÂ’ÓÌà Œ àà ä àSeveral€days€following€the€evaluation,€Dr.€Craddock€received€from€theÐ p5,/ ÐDistrict€Attorney€Generalððs€office€the€supplemental€brief€filed€by€petitionerððs€counselÐ P7ð-1 Ðin€support€of€a€ð ðMotion€for€Funds€for€Expert€Assistance€from€a€Psychiatrist€and/orÐ `  ÐPsychologist.ðð€€The€brief€summarized€the€petitionerððs€mental€health€history€andÐ @ à Ðincluded€excerpts€from€the€petitionerððs€mental€health€records.€€Dr.€CraddockÐ  À Ðreviewed€this€additional€information€prior€to€interviewing€the€petitioner€a€secondÐ   Ðtime.€€The€purpose€of€the€second€interview€was€to€administer€the€Wechsler€AdultÐ à€ ÐIntelligence€Scale€Revised.€€Due€to€the€petitionerððs€refusal€to€cooperate,€Dr.Ð À`  ÐCraddock€was€only€able€to€administer€that€portion€of€the€test€which€measuresÐ  @  Ðreasoning€and€judgment.€€The€petitioner€achieved€the€lowest€possible€score€onÐ €  Ðquestions€concerning€abstract€reasoning.Ð ` ÐÌà Œ àà ä àAt€the€post„conviction€evidentiary€hearing,€Dr.€Craddock€conceded€thatÐ  À Ðthe€records€before€the€court€appeared€to€reflect€ð ða€chronic,€long„term€mentalÐ   Ðdisorder.ðð€€Moreover,€Dr.€Craddock€agreed€that,€while€the€petitioner€was€competentÐ à€ Ðat€the€time€of€the€forensic€teamððs€evaluation,€the€petitioner€might€not€be€competentÐ À!` Ðat€other€times.€€Finally,€Dr.€Craddock€testified€that€a€majority€of€individualsÐ  #@ Ðpossessing€a€psychiatric€history€comparable€to€the€petitionerððs€would€be€referred€toÐ €%  Ðthe€Middle€Tennessee€Mental€Health€Institute€for€pre„trial€evaluation.Ð `'  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àPetitionerððs€counsel€also€presented€the€testimony€of€James€Anderson,Ð  +À!$ Ða€correctional€officer€at€the€Riverbend€Maximum€Security€Institution.€€OfficerÐ - #& ÐAnderson€testified€that€he€had€worked€in€the€unit€in€which€the€petitioner€wasÐ à.€%( Ðincarcerated€since€January€1992.€€Officer€Anderson€testified€that,€in€the€past,€theÐ À0`'* Ðofficers€had€been€frequently€forced€to€segregate€the€petitioner€from€other€inmatesÐ  2@), Ðdue€to€his€behavior,€which€included€ð ðconstant€harassment€of€other€inmates,€theÐ €4 +. Ðnoise,€throwing€of€[feces]€and€urine€and€stuff€out€the€pie€flaps,€stinking€up€the€unit,Ð `6-0 Ðpod,€and€just,€you€know,€general€constant€harassment.ðð€€He€stated€that€theÐ @8à.2 Ðpetitionerððs€behavior€ð ðwas€very€much€a€daily€affair.ððÐ `  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àHowever,€Officer€Anderson€also€noted€that€the€petitionerððs€behaviorÐ  À Ðwas€sometimes€a€response€to€provocation€by€other€inmates.€€Additionally,€the€officerÐ   Ðobserved€that€the€petitioner€would€briefly€control€his€behavior€when€the€officer€wouldÐ à€ Ðgive€the€petitioner€coffee€or€a€cigarette.€€Officer€Anderson€concluded,€ð ðBobby€has€„„Ð À`  Ðsince€he€has€been€under€medication,€he€has€been€100%€better€in€my€opinion.ðð€Ð  @  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àDonna€Maria€Phillips,€a€correctional€officer€with€the€RiverbendÐ ` ÐMaximum€Security€Institution,€testified€that€the€petitioner€was€first€incarcerated€in€herÐ @à Ðunit€in€1990.€€The€petitioner€ð ðact[ed]€outðð€almost€every€day€by€throwing€urine€andÐ  À Ðfeces€at€officers,€yelling€at€the€officers,€igniting€fires€in€his€cell,€and€provoking€otherÐ   Ðinmates.€€The€officers€were€required€to€use€ð ð4„point€restraintsðð€approximately€threeÐ à€ Ðtimes€each€week.Ð À!` ÐÌà Œ àà ä àOfficer€Phillips€conceded€that,€in€prison,€inmates€commonly€throw€foodÐ €%  Ðor€feces€or€urine€at€correctional€officers€and€attempt€to€start€fires€in€their€cells.€Ð `'  ÐHowever,€she€asserted€that€the€petitioner€engaged€in€this€type€of€activity€far€moreÐ @)à" Ðfrequently€that€the€average€inmate.€€She€also€stated€that€the€petitioner€was€capableÐ  +À!$ Ðat€times€of€interacting€normally€with€other€inmates€and€with€officers€and€appeared€toÐ - #& Ðbe€capable€of€controlling€his€behavior,€whether€normal€or€aberrant.Ð à.€%( ÐÌà Œ àà ä àBoth€Hiram€Hill€and€Bates€Bryan,€the€petitionerððs€trial€attorneys,€alsoÐ  2@), Ðtestified€at€the€post„conviction€evidentiary€hearing.€€Mr.€Bryan€testified€that€he€hasÐ €4 +. Ðbeen€practicing€law€since,€approximately,€1977.€€The€trial€court€appointed€him€toÐ `6-0 Ðrepresent€the€petitioner€in€January€1986.€€Mr.€Bryan€requested€Mr.€HillððsÐ @8à.2 Ðappointment€as€co„counsel€due€to€Mr.€Hillððs€experience€with€capital€litigation€and,Ð `  Ðgenerally,€his€experience€in€representing€defendants€in€criminal€cases.€€Mr.€HillÐ @ à Ðtestified€that€he€had€been€practicing€law€since€1978€and€had€represented€numerousÐ  À Ðdefendants€in€criminal€cases€prior€to€his€appointment€in€the€petitionerððs€case.€Ð   ÐMoreover,€he€had€previously€participated€in€one€capital€case€and€had€attended€aÐ à€ Ðseminar€on€death€penalty€representation,€acquiring€a€manual€on€capital€litigation.Ð À`  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àMr.€Hill€testified€that€he€spent€ð ðhundredsðð€of€hours€on€the€factualÐ €  Ðinvestigation€of€the€petitionerððs€case.€€According€to€Mr.€Hill,€both€he€and€Mr.€BryanÐ ` Ðspoke€with€ð ðevery€factual€witness€that€there€was€there€because€thatððs€the€only€thingÐ @à Ðwe€had€to€go€on.ðð€€Mr.€Hill€observed:Ð  À ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àIt€was€a€very€difficult€factual€case€to€.€.€.€deal€withÐ   Ðbecause€he€had€been€so€extensive€in€his€discussion€ofÐ ð Ðthis€homicide€on€undercover€tapes.€We€spent€literallyÐ à€ Ðhours€and€hours€and€hours€getting€those€tapes€redactedÐ Ð p Ðto€leave€out€issues€as€to€other€crimes€.€.€.€.€Ó¬ÓÐÀ!`ä Ð ä Ð  ÐMr.€Bryan€also€testified€that€he€spent€approximately€seven€hundred€and€fifty€(750)Ð  #@ Ðhours€to€one€thousand€(1,000)€hours€preparing€for€the€petitionerððs€trial.€€He€stated:Ð €%  ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à[W]e€spent€.€.€.€a€number€of€nights€till€1€and€2€oððclock€inÐ `'  Ðthe€morning€going€through€things.€€It€was€just€a€continualÐ P(ð! Ðprocess.€€Both€Mr.€Hill€and€myself€let€a€lot€of€otherÐ @)à" Ðpractice€slide€completely€just€to€handle€this€case.Ð0*Ð #ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓÓÌà Œ àà ä àThe€petitionerððs€attorneys€testified€that,€prior€to€trial,€they€obtained€aÐ ð-$' Ðcomplete€personal€history€from€the€petitioner€and€reviewed€his€records€from€theÐ Ð/p&) Ðfederal€penitentiary€system€and€from€the€Fortwood€Psychiatric€Center€inÐ °1P(+ ÐChattanooga.€€Additionally,€they€testified€that€the€petitioner€fully€participated€in€hisÐ 30*- Ðdefense€and€appeared€competent€prior€to€and€during€his€trial.€€Moreover,€Mr.€HillÐ p5,/ Ðtestified€that€the€petitioner€was€ð ðadamant€that€he€would€not€allow€any€evaluation€Ô_ÔofÐ P7ð-1 Ðhim.€€That€he€would€not€allow€us€to€present€any€sort€of€insanity€defense€or€anythingÐ `  Ðlike€that.ðð€€Accordingly,€neither€Mr.€Hill€nor€Mr.€Bryan€requested€a€psychological€orÐ @ à Ðpsychiatric€examination€of€the€petitioner€or€requested€funds€for€an€investigator€toÐ  À Ðassist€in€compiling€additional€information€about€the€petitionerððs€mental€health€history.€Ð   ÐMr.€Bryan€also€testified€that€he€agreed€with€the€petitioner€that€insanity€was€not€aÐ à€ Ðfeasible€defense.€Ð À`  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àWilliam€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô,€an€attorney€specializing€in€death€penalty€litigation,Ð €  Ðtestified€on€behalf€of€the€petitioner.€€Initially,€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€testified€concerning€hisÐ ` Ðpersonal€observations€of€the€petitioner.€€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€stated€that€he€became€involvedÐ @à Ðin€the€petitionerððs€case€when€the€petitioner€contacted€him€prior€to€submitting€aÐ  À Ðpetition€for€certiorari€to€the€United€States€Supreme€Court€on€direct€appeal.€€Mr.Ð   ÐÔ_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€met€with€the€petitioner€on€three€to€five€occasions,€each€visit€exceeding€oneÐ à€ Ðhour.€€The€petitioner€communicated€to€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€that€he€was€dissatisfied€with€hisÐ À!` Ðlegal€representation€and€intended€to€proceed€pro€se.€€Upon€learning€that€theÐ  #@ Ðpetitionerððs€attorneys€were€in€fact€withdrawing€from€the€petitionerððs€case,€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_ÔÐ €%  Ðattempted€to€assist€the€petitioner€in€drafting€his€petition€to€the€Supreme€Court.€€Mr.Ð `'  ÐÔ_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€testified,€ð ðHe€would€run€ideas€by€me€and€he€would€make€observations€andÐ @)à" Ðwe€just€communicated€about€strategy€and€things€like€that€if€thatððs€what€you€want€toÐ  +À!$ Ðcall€it.ðð€€However,€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€also€stated€that€the€petitionerððs€draft€of€his€petition€wasÐ - #& Ðð ðincomprehensible,ðð€and€that€the€petitioner€refused€to€follow€his€advice.€€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_ÔÐ à.€%( Ðnoted€that€the€petitioner€ð ðwas€a€guy€who€thought€he€knew€what€he€was€talking€aboutÐ À0`'* Ðall€the€time.ðð€€Additionally,€the€petitioner€would€claim€that€he€knew€people,€such€asÐ  2@), Ðjudges€and€law€school€deans.€€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€observed€that€ð ðthese€relationships,€theseÐ €4 +. Ðcontacts€that€he€was€talking€about€didnððt€seem€to€me€to€be€based€in€reality.ðð€€Mr.Ð `6-0 ÐÔ_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€conceded€that€the€petitioner€is€intelligent€and€possesses€a€good€vocabulary.Ð @8à.2 Їà Œ àà ä àWilliam€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€additionally€testified€as€an€expert€in€death€penaltyÐ `  Ðlitigation.€€He€testified€that€he€had€represented€criminal€defendants€facing€the€deathÐ @ à Ðpenalty€since€the€late€1970's.€€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€stated€that€he€had€been€counsel€of€recordÐ  À Ðin€at€least€twenty€capital€cases€at€some€stage€in€the€proceedings€and€had€providedÐ   Ðconsultations€in€approximately€one€hundred€or€two€hundred€capital€cases.€€FromÐ à€ Ð1985€until€1993€or€1994,€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€was€the€Chairman€of€the€Death€PenaltyÐ À`  ÐCommittee€of€the€Tennessee€Association€of€Criminal€Defense€Lawyers.€€From€1988Ð  @  Ðuntil€1995,€he€also€served€as€the€director€of€the€Tennessee€Capital€Case€ResourceÐ €  ÐCenter.€€In€1985,€he€edited€the€first€Tennessee€Death€Penalty€Defense€Manual,Ð ` Ðpublished€by€the€Tennessee€Association€of€Criminal€Defense€Lawyers.€€He€alsoÐ @à Ðedited€succeeding€editions.€Ð  À ÐÌà Œ àà ä àMr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€conceded€that€the€Capital€Case€Resource€Center€throughÐ à€ Ðthe€American€Bar€Association€had€recruited€Mr.€James€E.€Brenner,€the€petitionerððsÐ À!` Ðpost„conviction€counsel,€to€represent€the€petitioner€in€the€post„convictionÐ  #@ Ðproceedings.€€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€also€testified€that€he€was€assisting€Mr.€Brenner€inÐ €%  Ðrepresenting€the€petitioner€in€these€post„conviction€proceedings.€€Indeed,€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_ÔÐ `'  Ðstated€that,€prior€to€the€post„conviction€hearing,€he€had€discussed€with€Dr.€Mayer€theÐ @)à" Ðcontent€of€his€proposed€testimony.€€The€record€of€the€post„conviction€evidentiaryÐ  +À!$ Ðhearing€reflects€that,€during€the€hearing,€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€was€consulting€with€Mr.Ð - #& ÐBrenner.Ð à.€%( ÐÌà Œ àà ä àAdditionally,€Mr.€Ô_ÔRedickÔ_Ô€testified€that€he€may€very€well€have€beenÐ  2@), Ðconsulted€by€the€petitionerððs€trial€attorneys€prior€to€the€petitionerððs€trial.€€If€consulted,Ð €4 +. Ðhe€would€have€provided€the€petitionerððs€attorneys€with€a€copy€of€the€TennesseeÐ `6-0 ÐDeath€Penalty€Defense€Manual€and€other€publications.€€He€would€also€haveÐ @8à.2 Ðdiscussed€strategy€with€the€petitionerððs€attorneys.Ð `  ÐÔ_ÔÌà Œ àà ä àWith€respect€to€the€performance€of€the€petitionerððs€trial€counsel,€Mr.Ð  À ÐRedick€testified€that€he€had€reviewed€the€transcript€of€the€petitionerððs€trialÐ   Ðproceedings€and€concluded€that€the€petitioner€had€received€ineffective€assistance€ofÐ à€ Ðcounsel€due€to€counselððs€failure€to€investigate€the€petitionerððs€competence€and€theÐ À`  Ðfeasibility€of€asserting€either€a€defense€of€insanity€or€a€claim€of€diminished€capacity.€Ð  @  ÐMr.€Redick€referred€to€the€American€Bar€Associationððs€Standards€for€Criminal€JusticeÐ €  Ðand€stated€that€an€attorney€in€a€criminal€trial€has€a€duty€to€investigate,€which€isÐ ` Ðindependent€of€his€or€her€clientððs€wishes.€€Mr.€Redick€further€opined€that€petitionerððsÐ @à Ðcounsel€should€have€requested€funds€for€expert€and€investigative€assistance€inÐ  À Ðdetermining€the€petitionerððs€mental€state€at€the€time€of€the€offense€and€at€trial€and€inÐ   Ðcollecting€information€concerning€the€petitionerððs€past€treatment€for€mental€illness.Ð à€ ÐÌà Œ àà ä àMr.€Redick€conceded€that,€during€the€post„conviction€evidentiaryÐ  #@ Ðhearing,€he€had€heard€no€proof€that€the€petitioner€was€insane€or€possessedÐ €%  Ðdiminished€capacity€at€the€time€of€the€offense€in€this€case.€€He€also€conceded€thatÐ `'  Ðhe€did€not€know€what€effect€additional€investigative€efforts€would€have€had€upon€theÐ @)à" Ðresult€of€the€petitionerððs€trial.€€Nevertheless,€he€opined€that€counselððs€failure€toÐ  +À!$ Ðengage€in€further€investigation€ð ðcast€doubtðð€upon€the€outcome€of€the€petitionerððs€trial.Ð - #& ÐÌà@±±*Úàò òòòII.€€Analysisóóó óˆÐ À0`'* Ðò òA.à Œ àIneffective€Assistance€of€Counseló óÐ  2@), Ðà Œ àà ä àThe€petitioner€challenges€his€attorneysðð€performance€during€theÐ €4 +. Ðguilt/innocence€phase€of€his€trial€and€on€direct€appeal.€€We€initially€note€that€theÐ `6-0 Ðpetitioner€bears€the€burden€in€post„conviction€proceedings€of€proving€the€allegationsÐ @8à.2 Ðin€his€petition€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence.€€òòTidwell€v.€Stateóó,€922€S.W.2dÐ `  Ð497,€500€(Tenn.€1996).€€Additionally,€the€findings€of€fact€of€the€post„conviction€courtÐ @ à Ðare€afforded€the€weight€of€a€jury€verdict€and€are€conclusive€on€appeal€unless€theÐ  À Ðevidence€in€the€record€preponderates€against€those€findings.€€òòHenley€v.€Stateóó,€960Ð   ÐS.W.2d€572,€578„579€(Tenn.€1997),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€òò€€€€óó€U.S.€òò€€€€óó,€119€S.Ct.€82€(1998);Ð à€ ÐòòBates€v.€Stateóó,€973€S.W.2d€615,€631€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,Ð À`  Ð(Tenn.€1997),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€òò€€€€óó€U.S.€òò€€€€óó,€118€S.Ct.€2067€(1998).Ð  @  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€post„conviction€court€in€this€case€concluded€that€the€petitionerððsÐ ` Ðcounsel€provided€constitutionally€effective€representation€during€the€guilt/innocenceÐ @à Ðphase.€€Accordingly,€this€court€must€determine€whether€the€evidence€preponderatesÐ  À Ðagainst€the€post„conviction€courtððs€findings€(1)€that€counselððs€performance€wasÐ   Ðwithin€the€range€of€competence€demanded€of€attorneys€in€criminal€cases,€òòBaxter€v.Ð à€ ÐRoseóó,€523€S.W.2d€930,€936€(Tenn.€1975),€and€(2)€that€any€deficient€performanceÐ À!` Ðdid€not€prejudice€the€petitioner.€€òòStrickland€v.€Washingtonóó,€466€U.S.€668,€687„697,Ð  #@ Ð104€S.Ct.€2052,€2064„2069€(1984).€€òòSee€alsoóó€€òòHenleyóó,€960€S.W.2d€at€579„580;Ð €%  ÐòòPowers€v.€Stateóó,€942€S.W.2d€551,€557€(Tenn.€Code.€Ann.€1996).€€Courts€need€notÐ `'  Ðaddress€these€components€in€any€particular€order€or€even€address€both€if€theÐ @)à" Ðpetitioner€fails€to€meet€his€burden€with€respect€to€one.€€òòHenleyóó,€960€S.W.2d€at€580.Ð  +À!$ ÐÌà Œ àà ä àIn€evaluating€counselððs€performance,€this€court€should€not€examineÐ à.€%( Ðevery€allegedly€deficient€act€or€omission€in€isolation,€but€rather€in€the€context€of€theÐ À0`'* Ðcase€as€a€whole.€€òòState€v.€Mitchellóó,€753€S.W.2d€148,€149€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1988).€Ð  2@), ÐThe€primary€concern€of€the€court€should€be€the€fundamental€fairness€of€theÐ €4 +. Ðproceeding€whose€result€is€being€challenged.€€òòId.óó€(citation€omitted).€€Therefore,€thisÐ `6-0 Ðcourt€should€not€second„guess€tactical€and€strategic€decisions€by€defense€counsel.€Ð @8à.2 ÐòòHenleyóó,€960€S.W.2d€at€579.€€Instead,€this€court€must€reconstruct€the€circumstancesÐ `  Ðof€counselððs€challenged€conduct€and€evaluate€the€conduct€from€counselððsÐ @ à Ðperspective€at€the€time.€€òòIdòò.óó€€òòóóSee€alsoóó€òòIrick€v.€Stateóó,€973€S.W.2d€643,€652€(Tenn.Ð  À ÐCrim.€App.),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€òò€€€€óó€U.S.€òò€€€€óó,€119€S.Ct.Ð   Ð219€(1998).€€Ð à€ ÐÌà Œ àà ä àHowever,€this€courtððs€deference€to€counselððs€tactical€decisions€willÐ  @  Ðdepend€upon€counselððs€adequate€investigation€of€his€options.€€òòBurger€v.€Kempóó,€483Ð €  ÐU.S.€776,€794,€107€S.Ct.€3114,€3126€(1987).€€That€having€been€said,€one€court€hasÐ ` Ðobserved:Ð @à ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àJudges€wisely€defer€to€òòtrueóó€tactical€choices€„€that€is€toÐ  À Ðsay,€to€choices€between€alternatives€that€each€have€theÐ ° Ðpotential€for€both€benefit€and€loss.€€We€are€in€a€poorÐ   Ðposition€to€judge,€on€the€cold€record,€the€quality€of€such€aÐ ð Ðchoice,€made€as€it€is€in€the€fine„grained€texture€andÐ à€ Ðnuance€of€the€particular€proceeding.ÐÐ pä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓ«ßÓòòProfitt€v.€Waldronóó,€831€F.2d€1245,€1249€(5th€Cir.€1987)(emphasis€added).€Ð °"P ÐAccordingly,€assuming€adequate€investigation,€the€fact€that€a€strategy€or€tactic€failedÐ $0 Ðor€hurt€the€defense€does€not€alone€support€the€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€ofÐ p& Ðcounsel.€€òòThompson€v.€Stateóó,€958€S.W.2d€156,€165€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperm.€toÐ P(ð! Ðappeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1997);€òòDickerson€v.€Stateóó,€No.€03C01„9710„CR„00472,€1998Ð 0*Ð # ÐWL€619110,€at€*1€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€September€16,€1998),€òòperm.€toÐ ,°"% Ðappeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1999).Ð ð-$' ÐÌà Œ àà ä àIn€sum,€a€defendant€is€not€entitled€to€perfect€representation,€onlyÐ °1P(+ Ðconstitutionally€adequate€representation.€€òòDenton€v.€Stateóó,€945€S.W.2d€793,€796Ð 30*- Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€In€other€words,€ð ðin€considering€claims€of€ineffectiveÐ p5,/ Ðassistance€of€counsel,€ðð[w]e€address€not€what€is€prudent€or€appropriate,€but€Ô_ÔonlyÐ P7ð-1 Ðwhat€is€constitutionally€compelled.ðððð€€òòBurgeróó,€483€U.S.€at€794,€107€S.Ct.€at€3126.€Ð `  ÐThus,€we€have€observed:Ð @ à ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àIn€order€to€pass€constitutional€muster,€counsel€need€notÐ  À Ðdiscover€every€possible€item€of€information€before€trial,Ð ° Ðmake€every€possible€objection€during€trial,€or€use€everyÐ   Ðtrial€tactic€which€petitioner€would€in€retrospect,€nowÐ ð Ðrequire€...€.€Ðà€ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓ¿æÓòòAllen€v.€Stateóó,€No.€960,€1991€WL€154520,€at€*2€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,Ð À`  ÐAugust€14,€1991).€€Nevertheless,€ð ðwe€recognize€that€ððour€duty€to€search€forÐ  @  Ðconstitutional€[deficiencies]€with€painstaking€care€is€never€more€exacting€Ô_ÔthanÔ_Ô€it€is€inÐ €  Ða€capital€case.ðððð€òòSmith€v.€Stateóó,€No.€02C01„9801„CR„00018,€1998€WL€899362,€atÐ ` Ð*11€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Jackson,€December€28,€1998),€òòperm.€to€appeal€grantedóó,Ð @à Ð(Tenn.€1999)(citing€òòBurgeróó,€483€U.S.€at€785,€107€S.Ct.€at€3121).€Ð  À ÐÌà Œ àà ä àYet,€even€if€the€petitioner€establishes€that€counselððs€performance€wasÐ à€ Ðnot€within€the€requisite€range€of€competence,€his€task€is€not€complete.€€He€must€alsoÐ À!` Ðdemonstrate€a€reasonable€probability€that€the€result€of€the€proceeding€would€haveÐ  #@ Ðbeen€different€but€for€the€defective€performance€of€counsel.€€òòHenleyóó,€960€S.W.2d€atÐ €%  Ð580.€€To€satisfy€his€burden,€the€petitioner€need€not€demonstrate€that€the€trial€wouldÐ `'  Ðotherwise€have€resulted€in€an€acquittal,€if€he€can€demonstrate€a€reasonableÐ @)à" Ðprobability€that€a€jury€would€have€found€him€guilty€of€a€lesser€offense.€€òòSmithóó,€No.Ð  +À!$ Ð02C01„9801„CR„00018,€1998€WL€899362,€at€*12.€€Ð - #& ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€prejudice€prong€of€the€òòÔ_ÔStricklandÔ_Ôóó€test€ð ðcontinues€to€be€the€primaryÐ À0`'* Ðhurdle€to€be€cleared€in€Sixth€Amendment€assistance€of€counsel€cases,ðð€but€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]hisÔ_ÔÐ  2@), Ðobstacle€.€.€.€is€not€insurmountable.ðð€€òòÔ_ÔProfittÔ_Ôóó,€831€F.2d€at€1251.€Ð €4 +. ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àð ðA€court€must€consider€the€totality€of€the€evidence€beforeÐ `6-0 Ðthe€judge€or€jury.€€Some€of€the€factual€findings€will€haveÐ P7ð-1 Ðbeen€unaffected€by€the€errors,€and€factual€findings€thatÐ @8à.2 ÐÔ_Ôwere€affected€will€have€been€affected€in€different€ways.€Ð `  ÐSome€errors€will€have€had€a€pervasive€effect€on€theÐ P ð Ðinferences€to€be€drawn€from€the€evidence,€altering€theÐ @ à Ðentire€evidentiary€picture,€and€some€will€have€had€anÐ 0 Ð Ðisolated,€trivial€effect€...€.ððÐ Àä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓÓïÓòòHenleyóó,€960€S.W.2d€at€580€(citations€omitted).€€With€these€general€principles€inÐ   Ðmind,€we€address€the€petitionerððs€specific€allegations€of€ineffective€assistance€ofÐ à€ Ðcounsel.Ð À`  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àò òi.€€The€Petitionerððs€Competency€to€Stand€Trialó óÐ €  Ðà Œ àà ä àThe€petitioner€first€alleges€that€his€attorneys€were€ineffective€for€failingÐ ` Ðto€raise€the€issue€of€his€competency€to€stand€trial€by€requesting€a€psychological€orÐ @à Ðpsychiatric€examination€prior€to€trial.€€It€has€long€been€held€that€subjecting€a€mentallyÐ  À Ðincompetent€defendant€to€trial€violates€his€right€to€due€process€of€law.€€òòDrope€v.Ð   ÐMissourióó,€420€U.S.€162,€171,€95€S.Ct.€896,€903€(1975).€€In€òòDusky€v.€United€Statesóó,Ð à€ Ð362€U.S.€402,€402,€80€S.Ct.€788,€789€(1960),€the€United€States€Supreme€Court€setÐ À!` Ðforth€the€test€applicable€under€the€federal€constitution€in€evaluating€a€defendantððsÐ  #@ Ðmental€competency€to€stand€trial:Ð €%  ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à[W]hether€he€has€sufficient€present€ability€to€consult€withÐ `'  Ðhis€lawyer€with€a€reasonable€degree€of€rationalÐ P(ð! Ðunderstanding€„€and€whether€he€has€a€rational€as€well€asÐ @)à" Ðfactual€understanding€of€the€proceedings€against€him.Ð0*Ð #ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓ÷ÓIn€other€words,€a€defendant€must€possess€the€capacity€to€understand€the€nature€andÐ ,°"% Ðobject€of€the€proceedings€against€him,€to€consult€with€counsel,€and€to€assist€inÐ ð-$' Ðpreparing€his€defense.€€òòDropeóó,€420€U.S.€at€171,€95€S.Ct.€at€903.€€Tennessee€courtsÐ Ð/p&) Ðhave€adopted€this€standard.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Blackóó,€815€S.W.2d€166,€173„174€(Tenn.Ð °1P(+ Ð1991);€òòMackey€v.€Stateóó,€537€S.W.2d€704,€707€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1975);€òòState€v.Ð 30*- ÐLemingóó,€No.€01C01„9704„CC„00151,€1998€WL€707801,€at€*6€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€atÐ p5,/ ÐNashville,€October€9,€1998).€€Ð P7ð-1 Їà Œ àà ä àHowever,€ð ð[n]ot€all€people€who€have€a€mental€problem€are€rendered€byÐ `  Ðit€mentally€incompetent.ðð€€òòBouchillon€v.€Collinsóó,€907€F.2d€589,€593€(5th€Cir.€1990).€Ð @ à ÐòòSee€also,€e.g.,óó€òòGalowski€v.€Bergeóó,€78€F.3d€1176,€1182€(7th€Cir.€1996)(citationÐ  À Ðomitted)(ð ððð[n]ot€every€manifestation€of€mental€illness€demonstrates€incompetence€toÐ   Ðstand€trialðððð);€òòUnited€States€v.€Hoganóó,€986€F.2d€1364,€1373€(11th€Cir.€1993)(mentalÐ à€ Ðillness€is€not,€in€itself,€enough€to€establish€incompetence);€òòPeople€v.€Edmondsóó,€578Ð À`  ÐN.E.2d€952,€960€(Ill.€1991)(ð ð[a]€defendant€may€be€competent€to€participate€at€trialÐ  @  Ðeven€though€his€mind€is€otherwise€unsoundðð).€€Conversely,€courts€haveÐ €  Ðacknowledged€that,€even€if€a€criminal€defendant€has€an€intellectual€understanding€ofÐ ` Ðthe€charges€against€him,€he€may€be€incompetent€if€his€impaired€sense€of€realityÐ @à Ðsubstantially€undermines€his€judgment€and€prevents€him€from€cooperating€rationallyÐ  À Ðwith€his€lawyer.€€òòUnited€States€v.€Hemsióó,€901€F.2d€293,€296€(2nd€Cir.€1990);€òòLaffertyÐ   Ðv.€Cookóó,€949€F.2d€1546,€1551€(10th€Cir.€1991).€€In€other€words,€sufficient€contactÐ à€ Ðwith€reality€is€the€touchstone€for€ascertaining€the€existence€of€a€rationalÐ À!` Ðunderstanding€of€the€proceedings.€€òòLaffertyóó,€949€F.2d€at€1551.Ð  #@ ÐÌà Œ àà ä àOne€observer€has€proffered€the€following€rationale€for€the€requirementÐ `'  Ðthat€a€criminal€defendant€be€competent€to€stand€trial:Ð @)à" ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àIn€this€country€we€hold€autonomy€of€the€individual€as€oneÐ  +À!$ Ðof€our€highest€values.€€This€respect€for€personalÐ ,°"% Ðautonomy€supplies€the€foundation€for€the€power€theÐ - #& Ðaccused€has€to€defend€him€or€herself.€€After€all,€it€is€theÐ ð-$' Ðlife€or€freedom€of€the€accused€that€hangs€in€the€balance.€Ð à.€%( ÐIt€follows,€therefore,€that€the€accused€should€be€grantedÐ Ð/p&) Ðauthority€in€the€process€determining€the€outcome.€€If€theÐ À0`'* Ðmental€state€of€the€accused€prevents€a€rationalÐ °1P(+ Ðunderstanding€of€the€proceeding,€the€foundation€for€theÐ  2@), Ðaccusedððs€power€to€control€the€defense€is€lacking.€€AnÐ 30*- Ðincompetent€is€no€longer€ð ðin€controlðð€of€his€decision„Ð €4 +. Ðmaking€process€and€is€therefore€incapable€of€making€theÐ p5,/ Ðdecisions€required€by€the€process€that€may€result€in€aÐ `6-0 Ðfinding€of€blame€and€an€imposition€of€punishment.ÐP7ð-1ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÔ_ÔÐ @8à.2 ÐÓ0ÓNorma€Ô_ÔSchrockÔ_Ô,€òòDefense€Counselððs€Role€in€Determining€Competency€to€Stand€Trialóó,Ð `  Ð9€Ô_ÔGeoÔ_Ô.€J.€Legal€Ethics€639,€654€(Winter,€1996).€€In€sum,€the€competence€of€aÐ @ à Ðcriminal€defendant€is€critically€important,€because€a€defendant€has€exclusiveÐ  À Ðauthority€to€make€the€ultimate€decisions€about€his€case,€once€having€been€fullyÐ   Ðinformed€of€the€rights€and€the€potential€consequences€involved.€€òòÔ_ÔZagorskiÔ_Ô€v.€Stateóó,Ð à€ Ð983€S.W.2d€654,€658„661€(Tenn.€1998)(affirming€a€competent€defendantððs€right€toÐ À`  Ðdecline€to€present€mitigating€evidence€during€the€sentencing€phase€of€his€capitalÐ  @  Ðtrial).€€òòSee€alsoóó€Sup.€Ct.€Rule€8,€Ô_ÔECÔ_Ô€7„7.Ð €  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àConsistent€with€this€rationale,€the€American€Bar€AssociationððsÐ @à ÐStandards€for€Criminal€Justice€provide€that€defense€counsel€should€move€forÐ  À Ðevaluation€of€a€defendantððs€competence€to€stand€trial€whenever€he€has€a€good€faithÐ   Ðdoubt€as€to€the€defendantððs€competence,€even€if€the€client€objects€to€such€a€motionÐ à€ Ðbeing€made.€€ABA€Standards€for€Criminal€Justice€ðð€7„4.2Ô_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€(1986).€€Similarly,€theÐ À!` ÐUnited€States€Court€of€Appeals€for€the€Third€Circuit€has€stated:Ð  #@ ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àIn€short,€we€think€it€axiomatic€that€the€desire€of€aÐ €%  Ðdefendant€whose€mental€faculties€are€in€doubt€to€beÐ p& Ðfound€competent€does€not€absolve€counsel€of€his€or€herÐ `'  Ðindependent€professional€responsibility€to€put€theÐ P(ð! Ðgovernment€to€its€proof€at€a€competency€hearing€whenÐ @)à" Ðthe€case€for€competency€is€in€serious€question.Ð0*Ð #ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓà ÓòòHull€v.€Freemanóó,€932€F.2d€159,€168€(3rd€Cir.€1991),€òòoverruled€on€other€grounds€byóóÐ ,°"% ÐòòColeman€v.€Thompsonóó,€501€U.S.€722,€111€Ô_ÔS.CtÔ_Ô.€2546€(1991).€€In€accordance,Ð ð-$' Ðseveral€courts€have€held€that€a€corollary€of€the€requirement€that€a€defendant€in€aÐ Ð/p&) Ðcriminal€trial€be€competent€is€the€duty€of€his€attorney€to€raise€the€issue€ofÐ °1P(+ Ðcompetency€whenever€he€has€reasonable€cause€to€believe€that€a€defendant€may€beÐ 30*- Ðincompetent.€€òòSee,€e.g.óó,€òòÔ_ÔGalowskiÔ_Ôóó,€78€F.3d€at€1180;€òòÔ_ÔLoeÔ_Ô€v.€United€Statesóó,€545€F.Ð p5,/ ÐSupp.€662,€666€(E.D.€Va.€1982);€òòState€v.€Johnsonóó,€551€N.W.2d€742,€784€(Neb.€Ct.Ð P7ð-1 ÐÔ_ÔApp.€1996);€òòPeople€v.€Kinderóó,€512€N.Y.S.2d€597,€600€(N.Y.€App.€Div.€1987);€òòState€v.Ð `  ÐJohnsonóó,€395€N.W.2d€176,€182€(Wis.€1986).׃×Ý ƒ]#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð @ à ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThus,€in€evaluating€the€petitionerððs€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€ofÐ   Ðcounsel,€we€must€determine€whether€petitionerððs€counsel€had€reasonable€cause€toÐ à€ Ðraise€the€issue€of€his€competency.€€We€initially€note€that€this€is€òònotóó€a€case€in€whichÐ À`  Ðcounsel€failed€to€conduct€any€investigation€of€the€petitionerððs€history€of€mentalÐ  @  Ðillness.€€Rather,€counsel€reviewed€records€pertaining€to€the€petitionerððs€pastÐ €  Ðpsychological€and€psychiatric€treatment€in€the€federal€penitentiary€system€and€atÐ ` ÐFortwood€Psychiatric€Center.€€Moreover,€the€petitioner€has€not€indicated€what€otherÐ @à Ðrecords,€if€any,€counsel€should€have€obtained€and€reviewed€prior€to€trial.׃Ð×Ý ƒ]#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€In€anyÐ  À Ðcase,€the€petitioner€does€assert€that,€on€the€basis€of€the€federal€penitentiary€records,Ð   Ðthe€Fortwood€records,€and€other€information€received€by€counsel,€they€should€haveÐ à€ Ðrequested€a€psychological€or€psychiatric€evaluation€of€the€petitioner€to€determine€hisÐ À!` Ðcompetency.€€Therefore,€in€order€to€evaluate€counselððs€performance,€it€is€essentialÐ  #@ Ðto€delineate€the€information€received€by€counsel€prior€to€and€during€the€petitionerððsÐ €%  Ðtrial.Ð `'  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€records€of€the€petitionerððs€incarceration€in€the€federal€penitentiaryÐ  +À!$ Ðsystem,€submitted€by€the€petitioner€during€the€post„conviction€evidentiary€hearing,Ð - #& Ðindicate€that€the€petitioner€was€incarcerated€in€the€United€States€Penitentiary€inÐ `  ÐAtlanta,€Georgia€on€March€3,€1964.׃×Ý ƒ]#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú7Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€The€petitioner€had€been€sentenced€to€lifeÐ @ à Ðimprisonment€pursuant€to€his€conviction€of€murdering€a€security€guard€during€a€bankÐ  À Ðrobbery€in€Brooklyn,€New€York.€€Upon€his€incarceration€in€the€federal€penitentiary,Ð   Ðthe€petitioner€stated€in€a€ð ðNeuropsychiatric€Questionnaireðð€that€he€had€previouslyÐ à€ Ðbeen€treated€by€a€psychologist€or€psychiatrist€and€desired€psychiatric€treatment.€€HeÐ À`  Ðrecounted€that€he€had€suffered€serious€head€injuries€during€an€automobile€accidentÐ  @  Ðin€1949€and€had€previously€experienced€a€ð ðsevere€mental€shock.ðð€€He€asserted€thatÐ €  Ðhe€experienced€headaches,€was€very€nervous,€and€suffered€from€bad€dreams.€€HeÐ ` Ðalso€admitted€drug€and€alcohol€abuse.Ð @à ÐÌà Œ àà ä àOn€March€20,€1964,€the€United€States€Department€of€Justice,€BureauÐ   Ðof€Prisons,€completed€a€ð ðClassification€Studyðð€of€the€petitioner.€€The€study€indicatedÐ à€ Ðthat€the€petitioner€had€not€completed€high€school€and€possessed€ð ðslightly€belowÐ À!` Ðaverage€intellect.ðð€€The€study€further€noted:Ð  #@ ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àThis€subject€is€the€product€of€a€very€unfavorable€earlyÐ €%  Ðenvironment€and€he€has€been€diseased€emotionally€andÐ p& Ðsocially€all€of€his€life.€.€.€.€€Ð`' ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àIn€the€interview,€this€subject€was€a€very€verbose,Ð @)à" Ðloquacious€individual€who€describes€[his]€killing€of€[a]Ð 0*Ð # Ðbank€guard€in€a€very€cold„blooded,€calculated€tone€ofÐ  +À!$ Ðvoice€and€seems€to€gloat€over€the€fact€that€he€shot€first.€€.Ð ,°"% Ð.€.€He€enjoys€being€interviewed€and€he€told€at€greatÐ - #& Ðlengths€the€number€of€times€he€had€been€interviewed€byÐ ð-$' Ðpsychiatrists€on€this€case€and€how€he€out€talked€them.€Ð à.€%( ÐHe€claims€that€he€is€a€whole€lot€smarter€than€he€had€everÐ Ð/p&) Ðrealized€until€he€became€involved€in€this€trouble.€€HeÐ À0`'* Ðstates€he€likes€to€read,€especially€the€dictionary,€and€hasÐ °1P(+ Ðbeen€studying€the€dictionary€for€a€year€and€one„half€toÐ  2@), Ðimprove€his€vocabulary.€€.€.€.€€It€is€noted€that€he€usedÐ `  Ðseveral€big€words€that€did€not€fit€in€with€what€he€wasÐ P ð Ðtalking€about€and€he€evidently€did€not€know€the€fullÐ @ à Ðmeaning€of€the€words.€Ð0 Ðä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWilcoxson€is€an€anti„social€individual€who€has€been€in€aÐ ° Ðgreat€deal€of€trouble€and€who€has€been€unable€toÐ   Ðconform€to€the€prevailing€culture€of€his€time.€.€.€.€€He€is€anÐ ð Ðamoral,€callous,€emotionally€immature€individual€whoÐ à€ Ðhandles€the€truth€very€recklessly€and€rationalizes€hisÐ Ðp  Ðbehavior€so€that€it€appears€warranted,€reasonable€andÐ À`  Ðjustified,€at€least€to€him.€€He€is€rather€flamboyant€andÐ °P  Ðunpredictable€and€needs€to€be€under€the€strictest€controlÐ  @  Ðfor€many€years€to€come.€€He€is€easily€frustrated€and€hisÐ 0  Ðhistory€indicates€that€he€has€a€violent€and€uncontrollableÐ €  Ðtemper.€€He€likes€to€talk€about€his€case€and€about€hisÐ p Ðpast€experiences€and€he€has€an€excellent€memory,€or,Ð ` Ðwe€might€say,€he€has€a€vivid€imagination.€.€.€.€He€is€aÐ Pð Ðbadly€warped€individual€€.€.€.€€He€resents€authority€in€anyÐ @à Ðform€.€.€.€He€is€a€shrewd,€cunning,€dangerous,€individualÐ 0Ð Ðwho€should€never€be€turned€loose€upon€society.€Ð Àä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌIn€significant€contrast€to€this€evaluation,€another€officer€reported€in€the€same€study:Ð   ÐÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àThis€slender,€young€man€is€careless€about€hisÐ à€ Ðappearance.€€He€is€quiet,€polite€and€has€a€good€attitude.€Ð Ð p ÐHe€is€not€aggressive€and€has€limited€association€withÐ À!` Ðinmates.€€He€cooperates€willingly,€has€a€friendlyÐ °"P Ðpersonality€and€reacts€obediently€to€instructions€and€is€aÐ  #@ Ðfairly€good€worker.Ð$0ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓÓÌà Œ àà ä àAs€noted€earlier,€the€federal€penitentiary€system€records€reflect€thatÐ P(ð! Ðthe€petitioner€was€subsequently€diagnosed€with€various€mental€conditions,€includingÐ 0*Ð # Ðschizophrenia€and€was€prescribed€antipsychotic€medications.€€Moreover,€on€AprilÐ ,°"% Ð23,€1979,€the€petitioner€was€admitted€to€the€prison€hospital€when€he€began€toÐ ð-$' Ðhallucinate.€€The€attending€physician€noted:Ð Ð/p&) ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àAccording€to€the€cell€house€officer€this€patient€wasÐ °1P(+ Ðwalking€around€in€a€semi„stupor€state,€attempting€toÐ  2@), Ðmake€a€long€distance€call€to€Dr.€Diggs.€.€.€.€Patient€.€.€.Ð 30*- Ðwas€oriented€to€person,€place€and€time,€howeverÐ €4 +. Ðexpress[ed]€.€.€.€hallucinations€such€as€participation€inÐ p5,/ Ðevents€out€side€of€the€institution€walls€today.€€There€alsoÐ `6-0 Ðappeared€to€be€some€depressive€components€toÐ P7ð-1 Ðhallucinations.€.€.€.€On€examination,€this€patient€appearsÐ @8à.2 Ðto€oriented€to€time€and€place€and€has€a€full€grasp€ofÐ `  Ðreality.€€He€stated€that€he€does€things€when€he€feels€thatÐ P ð Ðhe€can€not€get€what€he€wants.€€On€the€third€day€theÐ @ à Ðpatient€became€anxious€and€very€restless.€€Patient€hasÐ 0 Ð Ðlimited€attention€span€with€flightiness€of€ideas€andÐ  À Ðgeneral€loose€associations.€€Patient€was€oriented€thoughÐ ° Ðwith€a€elevated€affect€and€is€mildly€hallucinating€withÐ   Ðsome€paranoid€ideation.€€So€he€remained€in€a€lock€wardÐ ð Ðstatus.€.€.€.€The€psychology€dept.€found€out€on€3/30/79Ð à€ Ðthat€this€patient€was€experiencing€hallucinations€and€heÐ Ðp  Ðwas€delusional€and€emotional€labile€agitated€at€times€andÐ À`  Ðinadequate€control€with€reality.€€Cell€was€destroyed€withÐ °P  Ðitems€in€which€he€periodically€throws€out€the€tray€slot.€MyÐ  @  Ðevaluation€of€this€patient€is€that€he€is€a€manipulator.€€HeÐ 0  Ðis€well€oriented€and€knows€whats€going€on€and€has€noÐ €  Ðloss€of€reality.€€(no€loss€of€contact€with€reality)€HeÐ p Ðvigorously€protested€when€not€allowed€to€attend€aÐ ` Ðseminar€.€.€.€Behavior€was€inappropriate€but€goal€directedÐ Pð Ðand€made€with€a€substantial€appreciation€of€right€andÐ @à Ðwrong€behavior.Ð0Ðä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓÓThe€petitioner€was€again€admitted€to€the€prison€hospital€on€September€17,€1979.€Ð ° ÐThe€attending€physician€noted:Ð ð ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àThe€patient€was€admitted€.€.€.€from€Segregation€in€poorÐ Ð p Ðcontact€with€reality€with€elevated€affect€and€motorÐ À!` Ðbehavior,€delusional€thinking€with€characteristic€delusionsÐ °"P Ðof€grandeur,€flightiness€of€thought€and€difficulty€inÐ  #@ Ðfollowing€verbalizations.€€He€is€known€to€haveÐ $0 Ðschizophrenia,€paranoid€type,€and€was€mildly€agitated€atÐ €%  Ðthe€time€of€admission.€€He€has€been€on€long€termÐ p& Ðmedication€for€his€schizophrenia€but€does€not€take€hisÐ `'  Ðmedicines€sometimes.€ÐP(ð!ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà@--.Úà*€*€*ˆÐ 0*Ð # ÐÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àPatient€was€treated€for€decompensation€of€hisÐ ,°"% Ðschizophrenia€using€Thorazine€and€Cogentin.€€On€thisÐ - #& Ðtreatment€and€over€a€period€of€four€or€five€days,€heÐ ð-$' Ðgradually€improved,€became€more€calm€and€relaxed,€inÐ à.€%( Ðgood€contact€with€reality,€although€he€continued€toÐ Ð/p&) Ðdemonstrate€some€elevation€of€affect€and€motor€activityÐ À0`'* Ðand€his€thought€content€was€not€always€logical.€€ByÐ °1P(+ Ð10/3/79,€he€had€stabilized€well€and€was€discharged€.€.€.€.€Ð 2@),ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓÓÌà Œ àà ä àOn€July€11,€1980,€the€petitioner€was€transferred€to€the€United€StatesÐ `6-0 ÐPenitentiary€in€Leavenworth,€Kansas.€€At€that€time,€the€petitioner€was€takingÐ @8à.2 ÐStelazine,€an€antipsychotic€medication,€and€an€examining€physician€noted€that€hisÐ `  Ðschizophrenia€was€in€remission.€€The€petitioner€remained€at€the€LeavenworthÐ @ à Ðpenitentiary€until€he€was€released€on€parole€in€1982.Ð  À ÐÌà Œ àà ä àUpon€his€release,€the€petitioner€began€receiving€treatment€at€theÐ à€ ÐFortwood€Psychiatric€Center€in€Chattanooga,€Tennessee.€€He€continued€receivingÐ À`  Ðtreatment€at€Fortwood€until€May€14,€1986,€approximately€five€months€after€his€arrestÐ  @  Ðfor€the€instant€offense€and€five€months€prior€to€his€trial.Ð €  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€Fortwood€records€reflect€that,€on€March€17,€1982,€the€petitionerððsÐ @à Ðcounselor€noted€ð ða€definite€pattern€of€affective€illness,€especially€when€[theÐ  À Ðpetitioner]€stopped€Stelazine.ðð€€Accordingly,€the€petitioner€was€prescribed€StelazineÐ   Ðand,€apparently,€for€the€most€part,€continued€to€take€the€antipsychotic€medicationÐ à€ Ðduring€the€entire€course€of€his€treatment€at€Fortwood.Ð À!` ÐÌà Œ àà ä àWhile€receiving€treatment€at€Fortwood,€the€petitioner€was€periodicallyÐ €%  Ðemployed€and,€in€July€1982,€married€another€patient€at€Fortwood.€€In€1982,€theÐ `'  Ðpetitioner€did€not€report€psychotic€symptoms€to€his€counselor.€€However,€on€twoÐ @)à" Ðoccasions,€the€counselor€noted€that€his€speech€was€ð ðpressured,ðð€and€the€counselorÐ  +À!$ Ðnoted€on€June€22,€1982,€that€the€petitioner,€ð ðwhile€not€psychotic,ðð€exhibited€paranoidÐ - #& Ðideation€quite€frequently.€€The€petitioner€did€not€report€any€psychotic€symptoms€inÐ à.€%( Ð1983€and,€in€February€1984,€reported€that,€although€he€occasionally€experiencedÐ À0`'* Ðhyperactivity,€he€had€not€experienced€psychotic€symptoms€ð ðin€a€good€while.ððÐ  2@), ÐÌà Œ àà ä àHowever,€on€October€15,€1984,€the€petitioner€reported€to€a€psychiatristÐ `6-0 Ðthat€he€was€experiencing€depression€due€to€his€wifeððs€declining€health,€his€recentÐ @8à.2 Ðunemployment,€and€accompanying€financial€difficulties.€€He€stated€that€his€sleepÐ `  Ðwas€disturbed,€his€energy€level€was€decreasing,€and€he€was€experiencing€moodÐ @ à Ðswings,€including€suicidal€ideation.€€The€psychiatrist€diagnosed€the€petitioner€withÐ  À Ðð ðBipolar€Disorder,€Mixed.ððÐ   ÐÌà Œ àà ä àOn€March€18,€1985,€the€petitioner€reported€that€his€wife€had€died€of€anÐ À`  Ðoverdose.€€The€record€indicates€that€for€several€months€thereafter€the€petitionerÐ  @  Ðagain€began€abusing€alcohol,€but€sought€additional€counseling€and€was€able€toÐ €  Ðcontrol€the€problem.€€The€record€also€reflects€that,€following€his€wifeððs€death,€theÐ ` Ðpetitioner€stopped€taking€Stelazine€for€approximately€four€months.€€During€this€time,Ð @à Ðthe€petitioner€experienced€periods€of€hyperactivity€and€he€experienced€difficultyÐ  À Ðsleeping.Ð   ÐÌà Œ àà ä àOn€September€4,€1985,€the€petitioner€also€revealed€to€his€psychiatristÐ À!` Ðthat€he€was€experiencing€feelings€of€paranoia€about€certain€people.€€The€petitionerÐ  #@ Ðasserted,€however,€that€he€was€ð ðrational€enough€not€to€let€this€bother€him.ðð€€TheÐ €%  Ðpsychiatrist€again€prescribed€Stelazine.€€However,€during€the€ensuing€month,€theÐ `'  Ðpetitioner€continued€to€exhibit€hyperactivity,€including€rapid€speech,€and€wasÐ @)à" Ðð ð[r]ather€grandiose€at€timesðð€concerning€his€accomplishments€and€acquaintances.€Ð  +À!$ ÐAdditionally,€the€petitioner€continued€to€experience€feelings€of€paranoia,€althoughÐ - #& Ðthe€petitioner€again€asserted€that€ð ðhe€knows€better.ððÐ à.€%( ÐÌà Œ àà ä àOn€December€13,€1985,€the€petitioner€reported€that€he€had€attemptedÐ  2@), Ðto€commit€suicide€by€overdosing€with€prescription€drugs.€€However,€the€counselorÐ €4 +. Ðsubsequently€concluded€that€the€ð ðsuicidal€gesture€(if€true)€was€an€attention€gettingÐ `6-0 Ðgesture.ððÐ @8à.2 Їà Œ àà ä àThe€petitioner€was€arrested€on€December€19,€1985,€for€the€instantÐ `  Ðoffense.€€As€noted€previously,€the€petitioner€continued€receiving€treatment€from€theÐ @ à ÐFortwood€Psychiatric€Center€for€several€months.€€On€February€18,€1986,€theÐ  À Ðpetitioner€reported€to€his€psychiatrist€that€he€had€not€been€taking€his€medicationsÐ   Ðwhile€in€jail.€€He€stated€that€he€was€nervous,€paranoid,€and€also€depressed,€butÐ à€ Ðdenied€any€hallucinations.€€The€psychiatrist€prescribed€both€Stelazine€and€Elavil€forÐ À`  Ðthe€petitioner.€€On€March€17,€1986,€the€petitioner€reported€that€he€was€continuing€toÐ  @  Ðexperience€depression€and€anxiety€concerning€his€upcoming€trial€and€the€prospectÐ €  Ðof€receiving€the€death€penalty.€€The€petitioner€also€expressed€suicidal€thoughts.€€TheÐ ` Ðrecord€reflects€that€the€petitioner€was€again€prescribed€Stelazine€and€Elavil.€€TheÐ @à Ðfinal€entry€in€the€Fortwood€records€pertaining€to€the€petitionerððs€treatment€is€datedÐ  À ÐMay€14,€1986.€€On€that€date,€the€petitioner€reported€that€he€was€sleeping€well,€hisÐ   Ðappetite€was€good,€and€he€was€no€longer€experiencing€depression€or€nervousness.€Ð à€ ÐThe€petitioner€was€again€prescribed€both€Stelazine€and€Elavil.Ð À!` ÐÌà Œ àà ä àWe€note€that,€although€the€Fortwood€records€reflect€that€the€petitionerÐ €%  Ðwas€last€seen€by€a€counselor€on€May€14,€1986,€his€care€at€Fortwood€was€officiallyÐ `'  Ðterminated€on€July€17,€1987,€almost€one€year€later.€€It€is€unclear€from€the€FortwoodÐ @)à" Ðrecords€whether€the€petitioner€continued€to€receive€medications,€including€Stelazine,Ð  +À!$ Ðduring€the€intervening€period€of€time.€€As€noted€previously,€petitionerððs€trial€counselÐ - #& Ðtestified€at€the€post„conviction€evidentiary€hearing€that€the€petitioner€was€at€leastÐ à.€%( Ðtaking€Elavil€during€this€period€of€time.€€However,€neither€Mr.€Hill€nor€Mr.€Bryan€couldÐ À0`'* Ðrecall€that€the€petitioner€was€taking€Stelazine€at€the€time€of€his€trial.Ð  2@), ÐÌà Œ àà ä àMr.€Hill€also€testified€at€the€post„conviction€evidentiary€hearing€that,€inÐ `6-0 Ðaddition€to€information€from€the€federal€penitentiary€system€and€Fortwood,€he€hadÐ @8à.2 Ðreceived€reports€from€the€jail€prior€to€trial€that€the€petitioner€was€yelling€and€throwingÐ `  Ðfood,€semen,€feces€and€urine€at€guards€and€inmates€passing€by€his€cell.€€TheÐ @ à Ðpetitioner€also€informed€counsel€prior€to€trial€that€he€had€completed€a€mind€controlÐ  À Ðcourse€and€could€control€peopleððs€behavior.€€In€fact,€following€jury€selection€in€hisÐ   Ðcase,€the€petitioner€stated€to€his€attorneys€that€he€felt€comfortable€with€the€jury,Ð à€ Ðbecause€several€of€the€jurors€were€susceptible€to€his€ð ðintellectual€power.ðð€Ð À`  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àYet,€Mr.€Hill€also€asserted€that€the€petitioner€appeared€to€beÐ €  Ðð ðcompletely€competent,€legally€competent.ðð€€Mr.€Hill€explained:Ð ` ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àIn€the€federal€penitentiary€as€a€jailhouse€lawyer,€writÐ @à Ðwriter,€[the€petitioner]€had€.€.€.€won€some€cases€in€theÐ 0Ð Ðfederal€appellate€courts€and€was€very€much€aware€ofÐ  À Ðwhat€the€issues€were€in€his€case.€.€.€.€€Mr.€WilcoxsonÐ ° Ðwould€send€out€or€request€us€to€bring€copies€of€cases,Ð   Ðyou€know,€on€various€issues.€€He€was€always€activelyÐ ð Ðinvolved€and€thatððs€part€of€what€I€say€was€Mr.Ð à€ ÐWilcoxsonððs€case.€€I€was€there€to€try€to€help€him€with€itÐ Ð p Ðand€do€the€things€that€lawyers€can€do€but€it€was€his€caseÐ À!` Ðand€he€described€how€he€wanted€it€run.€.€.€.€Ð°"Pä Ð ä Ð  ÐÓÝ[ÓÌAccording€to€Mr.€Hill,€the€petitioner€was€able€to€refer€his€attorneys€to€relevant€caseÐ €%  Ðlaw€and€propose€ideas€about€the€conduct€of€his€defense€which€possessed€someÐ `'  Ðmerit.€€Mr.€Hill€stated€that,€during€trial,€the€petitionerððs€ð ðsocial€graces€were€a€littleÐ @)à" Ðrough,ðð€but€he€appeared€to€understand€the€proceedings,€including€making€rationalÐ  +À!$ Ðcomments€about€the€process€during€trial.€€The€petitioner€also€appeared€toÐ - #& Ðunderstand€the€possible€consequences€of€the€proceedings,€including€the€potentialÐ à.€%( Ðimposition€of€the€death€penalty.€€At€one€point,€the€petitioner€noted€that,€even€ifÐ À0`'* Ðconvicted€and€sentenced€to€death,€he€would€probably€die€of€natural€causes€due€toÐ  2@), Ðlengthy€appellate€proceedings.Ð €4 +. ÐÌà Œ àà ä àMr.€Bryan€also€testified€that,€during€the€course€of€his€representation,Ð @8à.2 Ðthe€petitioner€did€not€appear€to€be€mentally€incompetent.€€Indeed,€Mr.€BryanÐ `  Ðobserved:Ð @ à ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWell,€my€dealings€with€Bobby,€I€never€found€Bobby€to€beÐ  À Ðincompetent.€€I€found€Bobby€to€be€very€manipulative€andÐ ° Ðskillful€at€it.€€I€think€the€incompetence€that€he€hasÐ   Ðdisplayed€is€„€„€and€I€donððt€think€he€has€intentionallyÐ ð Ðdisplayed€the€incompetence.€€I€can€see€where€BobbyÐ à€ Ðhaving€spent€many,€many€hours€with€him€would€be€ableÐ Ðp  Ðto€study€and€determine€what€he€needed€to€tell€someoneÐ À`  Ðto€make€them€think€he€had€any€particular€mentalÐ °P  Ðdisorder.€€Bobby€was€a€studier.Р@ ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà@-Úà*€*€*€ˆÐ €  ÐÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à[H]e€was€very€aware,€very€articulate.€€He€had€someÐ ` Ðcases€for€us.€€He€was€„€„€it€was€my€understanding€he€wasÐ Pð Ða€certified€federal€jailhouse€lawyer€.€.€.€.€€He€was€veryÐ @à Ðarticulate.€€He€knew€case€names.€€Itððs€not€often€that€youÐ 0Ð Ðgo€in€and€you€sit€down€with€your€client€and€he€is€moreÐ  À Ðconversant€with€case€names€than€you€are.€.€.€.€It€was€aÐ ° Ðlittle€bit€dated€somewhat,€his€information,€but€I€found€himÐ   Ðto€be€very€bright€and€lived€up€to€the€articles€that€hadÐ ð Ðbeen€written€about€him€in€the€past.ÓtcÓÐà€ä Ð ä Ð  ÐHe€concluded€that€the€petitionerððs€claim€of€mental€illness€wasÐ À!` ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àabsolutely€bogus€and€I€think€Bobby€is€a€lot€smarter€thanÐ  #@ Ðanyone€who€interviewed€him€or€would€have€treated€him,Ð $0 Ðand€he€is€a€lot€more€tenacious€and€I€think€his€ability€toÐ €%  Ðstay€with€a€plan€of€action€is€beyond€anything€that€theyÐ p& Ðcomprehend.ÓÓÐ`' ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àNotwithstanding€counselððs€evaluation€of€the€petitioner,€we€mustÐ  +À!$ Ðconclude€that€counselððs€failure€to€raise€the€issue€of€the€petitionerððs€competency€byÐ - #& Ðrequesting€a€psychiatric€or€psychological€examination€was€not€within€the€range€ofÐ à.€%( Ðcompetence€demanded€of€attorneys€in€criminal€cases.€€In€reaching€this€conclusion,Ð À0`'* Ðwe€acknowledge€that€ð ððð[t]here€is€no€constitutional€basis€for€a€rule€that€would€requireÐ  2@), Ða€psychiatric€evaluation€in€[every]€capital€case.ðððð€€òòHarbison€v.€Stateóó,€No.€03C01„Ð €4 +. Ð9204„CR„00125,€1996€WL€266114,€at€*8€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€May€20,Ð `6-0 Ð1996)(citation€omitted).€€Moreover,€evidence€of€a€defendantððs€past€Ô_ÔpsychiatricÐ @8à.2 Ðproblems€does€not€necessarily€require€counsel€to€ask€for€a€competency€hearing€ifÐ `  Ðthe€petitionerððs€behavior€does€not€reflect€incompetence€at€the€time€of€trial€or€whileÐ @ à Ðhis€attorney€is€preparing€for€trial.€€òòKeener€v.€Stateóó,€No.€03C01„9410„CR„00374,€1994Ð  À ÐWL€805878,€at€*2€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville,€June€7,€1994).€€Nevertheless,€weÐ   Ðdo€not€believe€that€we€are€stretching€the€boundaries€of€òòÔ_ÔStricklandÔ_Ôóó€by€holding€that,Ð à€ Ðwhen€confronted€with€a€client€who€has€previously€been€diagnosed€withÐ À`  Ðschizophrenia€and€bipolar€disorder,€who€was€taking€Ô_ÔantipsychoticÔ_Ô€drugs€until€at€leastÐ  @  Ðfive€months€prior€to€trial,€who€claims€powers€of€mind€control€on€two€occasions€priorÐ €  Ðto€and€during€trial,€and€who€throws€semen,€feces,€and€urine€at€guards€and€fellowÐ ` Ðinmates,€counsel€should€request€a€psychological€examination€before€conforming€theÐ @à Ðdefense€strategy€to€his€clientððs€dictates.Ð  À ÐÌà Œ àà ä àIn€so€holding,€we€do€not€question€the€sincerity€of€counselððs€belief€thatÐ à€ Ðthe€petitioner€was€competent€immediately€prior€to€and€during€the€trial.€€Indeed,€weÐ À!` Ðnote€that€the€petitionerððs€records€provide€some€support€for€Mr.€Bryanððs€assessmentÐ  #@ Ðof€the€petitionerððs€behavior.€€Nevertheless,€in€the€context€of€counselððs€duty€to€raiseÐ €%  Ðthe€issue€of€competency,€courts€have€noted€the€ð ðððððparticularly€critical€interrelationÐ `'  Ðbetween€expert€psychiatric€assistance€and€minimally€effective€representation€ofÐ @)à" Ðcounsel.ðððððð€òòBeavers€v.€Ô_ÔBalcomÔ_Ôóó,€636€F.2d€114,€116€(5th€Cir.€1981).€€The€UnitedÐ  +À!$ ÐStates€Court€of€Appeals€for€the€Fifth€Circuit€explained:Ð - #& ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àWhere€a€condition€may€not€be€visible€to€a€layman,Ð à.€%( Ðcounsel€cannot€depend€on€his€or€her€own€evaluation€ofÐ Ð/p&) Ðsomeoneððs€sanity€once€he€has€reason€to€believe€anÐ À0`'* Ðinvestigation€is€warranted€because,€where€such€aÐ °1P(+ Ðcondition€exists,€the€defendantððs€attorney€is€the€soleÐ  2@), Ðhope€that€it€will€be€brought€to€the€attention€of€the€court.Ð30*-ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓžvÓòòÔ_ÔBouchillonÔ_Ôóó,€907€F.2d€at€597.€€òòSee€alsoóó€òòHullóó,€932€F.2d€at€168„169€(when€confrontedÐ p5,/ Ðwith€two€recent€psychiatric€evaluations€finding€that€his€client€was€incompetent,Ð P7ð-1 ÐÔ_Ôcounsel€was€not€entitled€to€rely€upon€his€own€untrained€observations€to€justify€hisÐ `  Ðfailure€to€put€the€government€to€its€proof€at€a€competency€hearing).Ð @ à ÐÌà Œ àà ä àHaving€concluded€that€counselððs€performance€was€deficient,€we€mustÐ   Ðstill€determine€whether€the€petitioner€is€entitled€to€relief.€€As€noted€previously,€theÐ à€ Ðburden€normally€rests€upon€the€petitioner€in€these€post„conviction€proceedings€toÐ À`  Ðdemonstrate€a€reasonable€probability€that,€but€for€counselððs€defective€performance,Ð  @  Ðthe€result€of€the€proceeding€would€have€been€different.€€In€other€words,€theÐ €  Ðpetitioner€must€demonstrate€a€reasonable€probability€that€he€was,€in€fact,Ð ` Ðincompetent€to€stand€trial.€€However,€the€petitioner€seeks€to€avoid€this€burden€byÐ @à Ðasserting€that€a€meaningful€retrospective€competency€determination€is€not€currentlyÐ  À Ðfeasible€due€to€the€passage€of€time€and€the€lack€of€psychological€or€psychiatricÐ   Ðevidence€contemporaneous€to€his€trial.€€The€petitioner€cites€òòDrope€v.€Missourióó,€420Ð à€ ÐU.S.€at€162,€95€S.Ct.€at€896,€for€the€proposition€that,€under€these€circumstances,Ð À!` Ðreversal€is€the€only€appropriate€remedy.Ð  #@ ÐÌà Œ àà ä àIn€order€to€better€understand€the€petitionerððs€argument,€we€will€brieflyÐ `'  Ðreview€the€òòDropeóó€decision€and€its€application€in€the€federal€courts,€in€particular€theÐ @)à" ÐFifth€Circuit€Court€of€Appeals€which€has€most€extensively€explored€this€issue.€€InÐ  +À!$ ÐòòDropeóó,€420€U.S.€at€180,€95€S.Ct.€at€908,€the€Supreme€Court€addressed€a€potentialÐ - #& Ðviolation€of€its€earlier€holding€in€òòPate€v.€Robinsonóó,€383€U.S.€at€385„386,€86€S.Ct.€atÐ à.€%( Ð842,€concerning€the€degree€of€a€òòtrial€courtððsóó€procedural€due€process€obligation€toÐ À0`'* Ðsua€sponte€conduct€a€competency€hearing€during€the€course€of€trial€proceedings.€Ð  2@), ÐThe€Court€in€òòDropeóó€concluded€that€a€òòPateóó€violation€had€occurred€and€furtherÐ €4 +. Ðconcluded€that,€in€light€of€the€facts€before€the€Court,€a€ð ðnunc€pro€tuncðð€determinationÐ `6-0 Ðof€competency€could€not€adequately€protect€the€petitionerððs€procedural€due€processÐ @8à.2 Ðrights.€€òòId.óó€at€183,€909.€€In€refusing€to€allow€the€State€to€cure€the€òòPateóó€violation€byÐ `  Ðconducting€a€retrospective€competency€hearing,€the€Court€noted€the€ð ðinherentÐ @ à Ðdifficulties€of€such€a€òònunc€pro€tuncóó€determination€under€the€most€favorableÐ  À Ðcircumstances.ðð€€òòId.óóÐ   ÐÌà Œ àà ä àIn€the€context€of€federal€habeas€corpus€proceedings,€federal€courtsÐ À`  Ðhave€declined€to€interpret€the€òòPateóó€and€òòDropeóó€decisions€to€prohibit€retrospectiveÐ  @  Ðcompetency€determinations€in€all€cases€of€òòPateóó€violations€and,€in€fact,€decline€evenÐ €  Ðto€address€the€adequacy€of€a€retrospective€determination€in€the€absence€of€someÐ ` Ðquantum€of€proof€that€the€petitioner€was€incompetent€at€the€time€of€trial.€€òòSee,€e.g.óó,Ð @à ÐòòLokos€v.€Cappsóó,€625€F.2d€1258,€1261€(5th€Cir.€1980);€òòThompson€v.€Johnsonóó,€7Ð  À ÐF.Supp.2d€848,€858€(S.D.€Texas€1998).€€Generally,€in€order€to€trigger€the€right€to€aÐ   Ðð ðmeaningfulðð€retrospective€competency€determination€in€collateral€proceedings,€aÐ à€ Ðpetitioner€must€demonstrate€that€the€trial€court€received€information€which,Ð À!` Ðobjectively€considered,€should€reasonably€have€raised€a€doubt€about€theÐ  #@ Ðdefendantððs€competency.€€òòLokosóó,€625€F.2d€at€1261.€€òòSee€alsoóó€òòAcosta€v.€Turneróó,€666Ð €%  ÐF.2d€949,€954€(5th€Cir.€1982).Ð `'  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àIf€a€federal€habeas€petitioner€demonstrates€that€a€òòPateóó€violation€hasÐ  +À!$ Ðoccurred,€the€burden€of€proof€in€essence€shifts€to€the€State€to€demonstrate€thatÐ - #& Ðsufficient€information€is€available€to€ensure€a€meaningful€retrospective€competencyÐ à.€%( Ðdetermination.€€Potential€sources€of€information€include€the€following:Ð À0`'* ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à1.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àObservations€of€the€trial€judge.Р2@),<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à2.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àObservations€and€opinions€of€trial€counsel.Ð30*-<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à3.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àObservations€and€opinions€of€theÐ €4 +. Ðprosecuting€attorney.Ðp5,/<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à4.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àPsychological€or€psychiatric€evidenceÐ `6-0 Ðcontemporaneous€to€trial.ÐP7ð-1<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à5.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àThe€trial€record.Ð@8à.2<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#à6.à8<ä Ð ä Ð àObservations€and€opinions€of€otherÐ `  Ðindividuals€who€interacted€with€theÐ P ð Ðdefendant€at€or€near€the€time€of€trial.Ð@ à<x<x ÐÌÓc‹ÓòòUnited€States€v.€Renfroeóó,€678€F.Supp.€76,€78€(D.€Delaware€1988);€òòStokes€v.€UnitedÐ  À ÐStatesóó,€538€F.Supp.€298,€307€(N.D.Ind.€1982).€€The€absence€of€psychological€orÐ   Ðpsychiatric€evidence€will€not€necessarily€render€a€retrospective€determinationÐ à€ Ðð ðimpossible€or€even€more€difficult.ðð€€òòId.óó€€No€one€source€of€information€isÐ À`  Ðdeterminative€and€the€weight€of€each€will€vary€from€case€to€case.€€òòId.óó€€Only€if,€uponÐ  @  Ðexamining€the€available€information,€the€court€decides€that€a€meaningfulÐ €  Ðretrospective€determination€is€impossible,€must€the€court€reverse€the€petitionerððsÐ ` Ðconviction€and€remand€the€case€for€a€new€trial.€€òòSeeóó€òòZapata€v.€Estelleóó,€588€F.2dÐ @à Ð1017,1020€(5th€Cir.€1979).Ð  À ÐÌà Œ àà ä àIn€the€instant€case,€the€petitioner€asks€this€court€to€graft€the€aboveÐ à€ Ðanalysis,€applicable€to€a€procedural€due€process€claim€under€òòPate€v.€Robinsonóó,€383Ð À!` ÐU.S.€at€385„386,€86€S.Ct.€at€842,€onto€a€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counselÐ  #@ Ðunder€òòStrickland€v.€Washingtonóó,€466€U.S.€at€687„697,€104€S.Ct.€at€2064„2069.€Ð €%  ÐHowever,€it€is€far€from€clear€to€this€court€that,€when€a€petitioner€demonstrates€thatÐ `'  Ðcounsel,€instead€of€the€trial€court,€possessed€or€should€have€possessed€aÐ @)à" Ðreasonable€doubt€of€the€petitionerððs€competency€and€failed€to€request€aÐ  +À!$ Ðpsychological€or€psychiatric€examination,€the€burden€of€proof€shifts€to€the€State€toÐ - #& Ðdemonstrate€the€feasibility€of€a€retrospective€competency€determination€in€post„Ð à.€%( Ðconviction€proceedings.€€In€fact,€òòStricklandóó€generally€requires€that€the€burden€ofÐ À0`'* Ðproving€prejudice€remain€with€the€petitioner.€€òòId.óó€at€693,€2067.Ð  2@), ÐÌà Œ àà ä àWe€do€acknowledge€the€Supreme€Courtððs€observation€in€òòStricklandóóÐ `6-0 Ðthat,€in€certain€Sixth€Amendment€contexts,€a€defendant€may€be€relieved€to€varyingÐ @8à.2 Ðdegrees€of€his€burden€to€affirmatively€prove€prejudice.€€òòId.óó€at€692,€2067.€€The€CourtÐ `  Ðlisted€such€categories€of€claims€as€the€actual€or€constructive€denial€of€counselÐ @ à Ðaltogether,€the€Stateððs€interference€with€counselððs€assistance,€and€counselððs€actualÐ  À Ðconflict€of€interest.€€òòId.óó€€However,€we€decline€to€add€the€petitionerððs€claim€to€this€list.Ð   ÐÌà Œ àà ä àIn€reaching€this€conclusion,€we€note€that€the€same€Fifth€Circuit€thatÐ À`  Ðapplies€the€above€analysis€in€cases€of€òòPateóó€violations€has€declined€to€require€aÐ  @  Ðdetermination€of€whether€a€meaningful€competency€hearing€can€be€held€in€theÐ €  Ðcontext€of€claims€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel,€òòTheriot€v.€Whitleyóó,€18€F.3dÐ ` Ð311,€313„314€(5th€Cir.€1994),€and€even€in€the€context€of€substantive€as€opposed€toÐ @à Ðprocedural€due€process€challenges€to€a€federal€habeas€corpus€petitionerððsÐ  À Ðcompetence€at€the€time€of€his€trial,€òòZapataóó,€588€F.2d€at€1020.€€òòSee€alsoóó€òòCarter€v.Ð   ÐJohnsonóó,€131€F.3d€452,€459€n.10€(5th€Cir.€1997)(comparing€procedural€andÐ à€ Ðsubstantive€due€process€analyses).€€The€Fifth€Circuit€explained€that,€in€cases€ofÐ À!` ÐòòPateóó€violations,€the€State€is€responsible€for€the€absence€of€a€competency€hearing€atÐ  #@ Ða€time€when€a€meaningful€hearing€could€have€been€held.€€òòZapataóó,€588€F.2d€at€1020.€Ð €%  ÐAccordingly,€in€those€cases,€the€State€should€bear€some€responsibility€for€whateverÐ `'  Ðdifficulties€the€defendant€may€encounter€in€proving€incompetency.€€òòId.óó€€òòSee€alsoóóÐ @)à" ÐòòStokesóó,€538€F.Supp.€at€304€(ð ð[w]here€either€the€court€or€the€government€had€a€dutyÐ  +À!$ Ðto€act€in€regard€to€establishing€the€defendantððs€competency€to€stand€trial,€and€eachÐ - #& Ðfailed€to€do€so,€then€the€petitioner€will€not€be€further€prejudiced€by€placing€upon€himÐ à.€%( Ðthe€burden€to€prove€incompetency€in€the€habeas€actionðð).€€In€contrast,€in€cases€ofÐ À0`'* Ðineffective€assistance€of€counsel,€the€State€bears€no€responsibility€for€the€absenceÐ  2@), Ðof€a€determination€of€competency€at€the€time€of€trial.€€òòBut€seeóó€òòJohnsonóó,€395€N.W.2dÐ €4 +. Ðat€176€(when€counsel€fails€to€bring€the€issue€of€competency€to€the€courtððs€attention,Ð `6-0 Ðand€there€is€reason€to€doubt€the€defendantððs€competence€to€stand€trial,€a€Ô_ÔdefendantÐ @8à.2 Ðmay€be€entitled€to€a€new€trial€if€a€meaningful€Ô_ÔnuncÔ_Ô€pro€Ô_ÔtuncÔ_Ô€competency€hearing€isÐ `  Ðnot€possible).Ð @ à ÐÌà Œ àà ä àWe€conclude€that,€in€the€context€of€post„conviction€claims€that€trialÐ   Ðcounsel€rendered€ineffective€assistance€by€failing€to€raise€the€issue€of€competency,Ð à€ Ðthe€burden€must€remain€upon€the€petitioner€to€establish€a€reasonable€probability€thatÐ À`  Ðhe€was,€in€fact,€incompetent€at€the€time€of€his€trial.€€We€will,€therefore,€examine€theÐ  @  Ðrecord€before€this€court€to€determine€if€the€petitioner€has€carried€his€burden.Ð €  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àAccording€to€the€record€in€this€case,€the€petitioner€perhaps€suffersÐ @à Ðfrom€either€bipolar€disorder€or€Ô_ÔschizoÔ_Ô„affective€disorder€and€has€at€times€beenÐ  À Ðincompetent,€including€upon€admission€to€Ô_ÔDeBerryÔ_Ô€in€1996€and,€generally,€duringÐ   Ðthese€post„conviction€proceedings.€€However,€petitionerððs€post„conviction€counselÐ à€ Ðdeclined€at€the€post„conviction€evidentiary€hearing€to€ask€either€Dr.€Mayer€or€Dr.Ð À!` ÐBlair€whether€the€available€records€reflected€the€petitionerððs€incompetence€at€theÐ  #@ Ðtime€of€his€trial.€€Moreover,€as€noted€earlier,€Dr.€Mayer€testified€that€the€severity€ofÐ €%  Ðthe€petitionerððs€mental€illness€varies€depending€not€only€upon€whether€the€petitionerÐ `'  Ðis€taking€his€medications€but€also€upon€the€ð ðcourse€of€his€illness.ðð€€Dr.€Blair€furtherÐ @)à" Ðstated€that€even€patients€suffering€from€the€same€psychosis€range€along€aÐ  +À!$ Ðð ðcontinuum€of€dysfunction,ðð€some€patients€being€more€competent€than€others.€€SheÐ - #& Ðnoted€that€the€petitionerððs€records€reflect€that€he€is€generally€capable€of€planningÐ à.€%( Ðand€capable€of€understanding€the€consequences€of€his€behavior.Ð À0`'* ÐÌà Œ àà ä àThe€record€does€suggest€that€the€petitioner€was€not€taking€Ô_ÔStelazineÔ_Ô€atÐ €4 +. Ðthe€time€of€trial.€€However,€in€marked€contrast€to€the€record€of€the€post„convictionÐ `6-0 Ðevidentiary€hearing,€the€record€of€trial€proceedings€is€devoid€of€interruptions€orÐ @8à.2 Ðinterjections€by€the€petitioner€reflecting€mental€illness.׃×Ý ƒ]#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú8Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Additionally,€although€Mr.Ð `  ÐHill€testified€concerning€reports€from€the€jail€that€the€petitioner€was€yelling€andÐ @ à Ðthrowing€food,€semen,€feces,€and€urine€at€guards€and€inmates,€Mr.€Hill€did€not€testifyÐ  À Ðconcerning€the€frequency€of€these€incidents.€€Moreover,€the€petitioner€did€not€submitÐ   Ðtestimony€or€records€from€the€Hamilton€County€Jail€reflecting€the€petitionerððsÐ à€ Ðbehavior€prior€to€and€during€his€trial.€€Officer€Phillips,€who€first€encountered€theÐ À`  Ðpetitioner€in€1990,€testified€that€inmates€in€prison€commonly€engage€in€suchÐ  @  Ðbehavior.€€She€additionally€noted€that€the€petitioner€engaged€in€this€type€of€behaviorÐ €  Ðmore€frequently€that€the€average€inmate.€€However,€she€observed€that€the€petitionerÐ ` Ðappeared€capable€of€controlling€his€behavior.€€Similarly,€Officer€Anderson,€who€firstÐ @à Ðencountered€the€petitioner€in€1992,€testified€that€the€petitioner€would€control€hisÐ  À Ðbehavior€if€the€officer€gave€him€cigarettes€or€coffee.Ð   ÐÌà Œ àà ä àMore€troubling€to€this€court€is€Mr.€Hillððs€testimony€that,€on€twoÐ À!` Ðoccasions,€the€petitioner€asserted€that€he€possessed€special€powers€of€mind€control.€Ð  #@ ÐAgain,€the€touchstone€of€rational€understanding€is€sufficient€contact€with€reality.€Ð €%  ÐòòÔ_ÔLaffertyÔ_Ôóó,€949€F.2d€at€1551.€€Nevertheless,€counsel€also€testified€that,Ð `'  Ðnotwithstanding€these€two€isolated€statements,€the€petitioner€fully€participated€in€hisÐ @)à" Ðdefense,€including€researching€legal€issues€and€offering€useful€suggestions.€€In€fact,Ð  +À!$ ÐMr.€Hill€testified€that€the€petitioner€was€more€capable€of€assisting€counsel€than€theÐ - #& Ðaverage€client.€€Moreover,€the€petitioner€appeared€to€understand€the€proceedingsÐ à.€%( Ðand€the€potential€consequences€of€the€proceedings,€making€rational€observationsÐ À0`'* Ðduring€the€trial.Ð  2@), Їà Œ àà ä àWhile€a€defense€attorney€renders€deficient€performance€by€relyingÐ `  Ðupon€his€own€evaluation€of€a€defendantððs€competency€in€the€face€of€evidence€to€theÐ @ à Ðcontrary,€the€attorneyððs€observations€are€nevertheless€highly€probative€on€the€issueÐ  À Ðof€competency€in€fact.€€Thus,€the€United€States€Court€of€Appeals€for€the€District€ofÐ   ÐColumbia€has€observed€that€ð ðcounselððs€first„hand€evaluation€of€a€defendantððs€abilityÐ à€ Ðto€consult€on€his€case€and€to€understand€the€charges€and€proceedings€against€himÐ À`  Ðmay€be€as€valuable€as€an€expert€psychiatric€opinion€on€his€competency.ðð€€òòUnitedÐ  @  ÐStates€v.€Davidóó,€511€F.2d€355,€360€(D.C.€Cir.€1975).€€òòSee€alsoóó€òòHernandez€v.€Ô_ÔYlstÔ_Ôóó,Ð €  Ð930€F.2d€714,€717€(9th€Cir.€1991)(while€not€determinative,€ð ða€defendantððs€counsel€isÐ ` Ðin€the€best€position€to€evaluate€a€clientððs€comprehension€of€the€proceedingsðð);Ð @à ÐòòKinderóó,€512€N.Y.S.2d€at€599€(ð ð[Ô_Ôo]bviouslyÔ_Ô,€trial€counsel€has€the€best€opportunity€toÐ  À Ðprovide€evidence€concerning€the€ability€of€his€client€to€consult€with€counsel€andÐ   Ðunderstand€the€proceedings€against€himðð).Ð à€ ÐÌà Œ àà ä àFinally,Ô‡XWGXXXõæÔ€we€acknowledge€that€the€petitioner€attempted€to€commitÐ  #@ Ðsuicide€shortly€after€the€conclusion€of€the€guilt/innocence€phase€of€his€trial.€Ð „%$ ÐHowever,€the€United€States€Supreme€Court€has€noted€thatÐ P'ð  ÐÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àððthe€empirical€relationship€between€mental€illness€andÐ )¼" Ðsuicideðð€or€suicide€attempts€is€uncertain€and€.€.€.€a€suicideÐ *¢ # Ðattempt€need€not€always€signal€ððan€inability€to€perceiveÐ è*ˆ!$ Ðreality€accurately,€to€reason€logically€and€to€make€plansÐ Î+n"% Ðand€carry€them€out€in€an€organized€fashion.ððд,T#&ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓ+¼ÓòòÔ_ÔDropeÔ_Ôóó,€420€U.S.€at€181,€95€S.Ct.€at€908€n.€16.Ô#†XõæXXXWG»#Ô€€Similarly,€mental€illness€does€notÐ €. %( Ðnecessarily€preclude€competence€to€stand€trial.€€òòÔ_ÔBouchillonÔ_Ôóó,€907€F.2d€at€593.€€TheÐ d0'* Ðburden€was€upon€the€petitioner€in€these€post„conviction€proceedings€to€demonstrateÐ D2ä(, Ða€reasonable€òòprobabilityóó€that€he€was€incompetent€at€the€time€of€his€trial.€€We€mustÐ $4Ä*. Ðconclude€that€the€petitioner€has€failed€to€demonstrate€prejudice€warranting€relief.Ð 6¤,0 ÐÐ ä7„.2 Ðà Œ àà ä àò òii.€€Insanity€Defense€or€a€Claim€of€Diminished€Capacityó óÐ `  Ðà Œ àà ä àThe€petitioner€also€argues€that€his€counsel€were€ineffective€for€failingÐ @ à Ðto€raise€the€defense€of€insanity€or€a€claim€of€diminished€capacity€during€theÐ  À Ðguilt/innocence€phase€of€his€trial.€€Alternatively,€he€contends€that€counsel€shouldÐ   Ðhave€presented€evidence€that€the€petitioner€was€suffering€from€a€mental€illness€atÐ à€ Ðthe€time€of€his€incriminating€conversation€with€Mr.€Lewis€and€Officer€Cooper.€Ð À`  ÐMoreover,€he€contends€that€counselððs€decision€to€forego€these€tactics€was€not€aÐ  @  Ðstrategic€decision€in€the€absence€of€any€psychological€or€psychiatric€evaluation€ofÐ €  Ðthe€petitioner.Ð ` ÐÌà Œ àà ä àAt€the€time