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ÔÔ€"ÔÝ  Ý›Ñ  ÑÑ Ü ÑÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ  ÑÓ` °ƒXä ˜XÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€#ÔÑ7€ÝéXXdædÈ7ќـ€ÙßR€'(&A1-j|` Å `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌà@ àAT€KNOXVILLEà@ à€€€€€€€€€Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€MAY€œ1994€SESSION›ÌÌÓÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àAppellee,€à àà àà à)à àNo.€03C01„9311„CR„00363Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àSullivan€CountyÌv.à àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àHonorable€Edgar€P.€Calhoun,€JudgeÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)ÌJACK€œDEWAYNE›€WILLIAMS,à à)à àœ(Theft€over€$500)›Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àAppellant.à àà àà à)ÌÌÌÌòòFor€the€Appellantóó:à àà àà àòòà àFor€the€Appelleeóó:ÌÌStephen€M.€Wallaceà àà àà àCharles€W.€BursonÌOffice€of€the€Public€Defender€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Attorney€General€of€TennesseeÌP.O.€Box€839€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€à àà àà àà àandÌBlountville,€TN€37617€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Merrilyn€Feirman€Ì€€(ON€APPEAL€&€AT€TRIAL)à àà àAssistant€Attorney€General€of€TennesseeÌà àà àà àà àà à€à àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌKeith€Hopsonà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493ÌOffice€of€the€Public€DefenderÌP.O.€Box€839à àà àà àà àH.€Greeley€Wells,€Jr.€€ÌBlountville,€TN€37617à àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€Generalà àÌ€€(AT€TRIAL)à àà àà àà àà àP.O.€Box€526Ìà àà àà àà àà à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Blountville,€TN€37617„0526Ìà àà àà àà àà à€Ìà àà àà àà àà à€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà àà àà àà à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:_______________________ÌÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌ€€€€€€ÌJoseph€M.€TiptonÌJudgeÌÌÔ€"ÔÌà0 àà àÌÌÑ7€6CXXdìXXdæ7ÑÓÓà@ àòòò òO€P€I€N€I€O€NÔ€#Ôó óóóÌÌÓ&` î°F` / h—X&Óà àThe€defendant,€Jack€DeWayne€Williams,€was€convicted€by€a€jury€in€theÏSullivan€County€Criminal€Court€of€theft€of€property€valued€between€five€hundredÏdollars€and€one€thousand€dollars,€a€Class€E€felony.€€He€was€sentenced€as€a€Range€III,Ïpersistent€offender€to€five€years€in€the€custody€of€the€Department€of€Correction€andÏfined€fifteen€hundred€dollars.€€In€this€appeal€as€of€right,€the€defendant€raises€one€issue,Ïwhich€he€frames€as€follows:ÌÓÓÓ  Óà8 àWhether€it€is€permissible€under€Tennessee€law€for€the€State€toÏcharge€two€separate€incidents€of€theft€from€two€separate€victimsÏoccurring€on€the€same€date€but€at€different€times€and€places€asÏone€offense.ÌÌÓÓÓ  ÓUnder€the€circumstances€presented€in€this€case,€we€conclude€that€the€€€€€Ìdefendant's€conviction€should€be€affirmed.ÌÌà àThe€indictment€charges€that€the€defendant€"did€unlawfully€and€feloniously,Ïwith€intent€to€deprive€the€owner€of€property,€knowingly€obtain€or€exercise€control€overÏtwo€Super€Nintendo€games,€the€property€of€K„mart€and€a€Sanyo€VCR,€the€property€ofÏWal„Mart,€said€property€being€valued€at€$633.97,€and€without€the€owner's€effectiveÏconsent€.€.€.€."€€Before€trial,€the€defendant€moved€to€dismiss€the€one„count€indictment,Ïarguing€that€it€was€duplicitous€because€it€alleged€separate€thefts€against€separateÏvictims.€€The€state€responded€that€it€expected€the€evidence€to€show€that€the€defendant€Ìand€his€codefendant,€Glenn€Word,× ƒ) ××  ×€were€arrested€in€a€car€in€which€the€items€in€issueÏwere€found.€€Upon€the€trial€court€determining€that€the€state€was€relying€upon€theÏdefendant's€exercise€of€control€over€the€items,€not€his€actually€taking€them,€it€deniedÏthe€defendant's€motion.ÌÌà àAt€trial,€Bristol€Police€Lieutenant€Al€Arrants€testified€that€he€received€a€reportÏabout€two€men€leaving€Kmart€after€taking€two€Super€Nintendo€games.€€The€car'sÏdescription€and€license€plate€number€were€included€in€the€report.€€He€said€he€went€toÏthe€Wal„Mart€store€on€a€hunch€and€found€the€car€in€the€fire€lane€with€only€a€driver,€theÏdefendant,€in€it.€€By€the€time€Lieutenant€Arrants€circled€the€lot,€the€car€was€leaving€theÏfire€lane€and€contained€two€men.€€Lieutenant€Arrants€testified€that€after€he€stopped€theÍcar,€he€found€a€VCR€with€a€Wal„Mart€sticker€on€the€front€floorboard€and€two€SuperÏNintendo€game€units€with€Kmart€stickers€in€the€trunk.ÌÌà àOn€cross„examination,€Lieutenant€Arrants€indicated€that€the€initial€reportÏwas€that€two€men€had€left€Kmart€with€two€units.€€He€said€he€made€a€report€at€the€storeÏbefore€he€went€in€search€of€the€men.ÌÌà àA€Wal„Mart€employee€identified€the€VCR€as€the€store's€and€said€that€it€wasÏvalued€at€about€two€hundred€seventy„nine€dollars.€€A€Kmart€employee€identified€theÏtwo€Nintendo€units€as€belonging€to€his€employer€and€said€that€their€combined€valueÏwas€about€three€hundred€fifty„four€dollars.€€What€is€apparent€from€these€twoÏindividuals'€testimony€is€that€no€one€at€either€store€saw€the€items€actually€being€takenÏor€saw€the€defendant€or€Word€take€them.ÌÌà àThe€factual€claim€by€the€defendant€is€that€the€evidence€shows€that€the€Wal„Mart€and€Kmart€ð ðtheftsðð€were€separate€offenses.€€We€note€that€if€his€contention€wereÏtrue,€he€would€have€been€exposed€only€to€two€Class€A€misdemeanors,€not€a€Class€EÏfelony,€because€each€offense€involved€property€valued€at€$500.00€or€less.€€òòSeeóó€T.C.A.Ïðð€39„14„105.€€ÌÌà àThe€defendant€argues€that€ð ðTennessee€case€law€has€never€permittedÍprosecution€of€multiple€thefts€from€different€victims€as€one€offense€unless€the€theftsÏwere€committed€simultaneously.ðð€€He€cites€to€òòWilliams€v.€Stateóó,€216€Tenn.€89,€390ÏS.W.2d€234€(1965),€in€which€our€supreme€court€concluded€that€the€taking€at€one€timeÏand€place€of€property€belonging€to€different€owners€constitutes€a€single€larceny.€€HeÏthen€notes€that€in€òòState€v.€Goinsóó,€705€S.W.2d€œ648,›€651„652€(Tenn.€1986),€the€supremeÏcourt€stated€that€a€defendant€may€not€be€convicted€of€multiple€offenses€of€receiving€orÏconcealing€stolen€property€if€the€evidence€does€not€show€separate€transactions€ofÏreceiving€or€concealing€particular€items.€€In€this€œcontext,›€the€defendant€œconcludes€from›Ïthese€cases€that€he€cannot€be€charged€with€or€convicted€of€one€offense€if€evidenceÏexists€from€which€it€can€be€inferred€that€he€took€possession€of€the€items€at€differentÏtimes.€€ÌÌà àWe€believe€that€a€flaw€in€the€defendantððs€argument€is€that€he€is€attemptingÏto€use€former€concepts€of€larceny„related€crimes,€such€as,€larceny,€receiving€stolenÏproperty,€and€concealing€stolen€property,€and€to€apply€them€to€the€new€offense€of€theftÏcreated€in€1989.€€Under€T.C.A.€ðð€39„14„101,€the€offense€of€theft€ð ðconstitutes€a€singleÏoffense€embracing€the€separate€offenses€heretofore€known€as:€embezzlement,€falseÏpretense,€fraudulent€conversion,€larceny,€receiving/concealing€stolen€property,€andÏother€similar€offenses.ðð€€The€Sentencing€Commission€Comments€to€this€statute€stateÏthat€it€is€intended€to€replace€the€former€myriad€larceny„related€statutes.€€Relative€to€thisÏcase,€the€new€definition€of€theft€of€property€is€in€T.C.A.€ðð€39„14„103:ÌÓÓÓ  Óà8 àòòTheft€of€œpropertyóó.›€€A€person€commits€theft€of€property€if,€with€intentÏto€deprive€the€owner€of€property,€the€person€knowingly€obtains€orÏexercises€control€over€the€property€without€the€ownerððs€effectiveÏconsent.€€ÌÌÓÓÓ  ÓBy€its€terms,€this€statute€provides€alternative€means€of€conduct€by€which€the€offenseÏmay€be€committed€„„€obtaining€the€property€or€exercising€control€over€the€property.€ÏòòSeeóó€òòColeman€v.€Stateóó,€891€S.W.2d€œ237,€239›€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€€ÌÌà àIn€this€respect,€we€believe€that€the€defendantððs€argument€raises€a€type€ofÏissue€that€the€new€laws€were€meant€to€avoid.€€In€òòState€v.€Barbara€Byrdóó,€No.€03C01„9505„CR„00145,€Sevier€County€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€Nov.€6,€œ1996),€òòapplic.óó€òòfiledóó€(Tenn.ÏJan.€6,€1997),›€this€court€dealt€with€the€case€in€which€the€defendant€was€charged€andÏconvicted€for€one€offense€of€theft€for€items€taken€from€various€stores€that€were€found€inÏher€possession.€€The€defendant€claimed€that€the€one„count€indictment€should€haveÏbeen€dismissed€for€multiplicity€and€her€conviction€overturned€in€that€she€was€involvedÏin€the€taking€of€the€property€from€the€various€stores.€€She€based€her€contention€on€theÏformer€law€that€the€person€who€stole€the€goods€from€the€victim€could€not€be€a€receiverÏor€concealer€of€the€same€goods.€€This€court€rejected€the€claim,€concluding€that€the€newÏtheft€statute€did€away€with€all€of€the€former€ð ðantiquated€and€confusingðð€requirements€ofÏthe€former€statutes.€€ÌÌà àWe€see€no€substantive€distinction€here.€€Unquestionably,€the€fact€that€theÍitems€from€the€different€stores€were€found€in€the€defendantððs€simultaneous€possessionÏshowed€that€he€was€exercising€control€over€them€at€the€same€time.€€The€fact€that€anÏinference€could€be€drawn€from€the€evidence€that€the€defendant€may€have€takenÏpossession€of€the€property€at€different€times€did€not€bar€the€state€from€prosecuting€andÏconvicting€the€defendant€for€one€offense€involving€all€of€the€property€found€in€hisÏpossession€at€the€same€time.€€ÌÌà àIn€consideration€of€the€foregoing€and€the€record€as€a€whole,€the€judgment€ofÏconviction€is€affirmed.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà à______________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àJoseph€M.€Tipton,€JudgeÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ____________________________ÌGary€R.€Wade,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ____________________________ÌJames€C.€Beasley,€Special€Judge€€à0 àÌÌà à€ÌÌà àÌÌÌÌà à