WPC ui]Y?$JwHE; SD5i9>j(5^Jc c^ߎW>Cu9ę%w&#M={G9nzm2Ԕ:_i젬@d0'n^b)RߙEbg-vN.)d*@E+ 5(.kV͜&yf# Ǽf$xRͬR(dox!A0 ݸ=4HD;9Kq4F/?~yBnآ@jP::=TH .=2|xg给5BGMEWpRYۄΟ¤I" YNJOF*阪_9"SgBFSJM80mqHan_y$f}K ́bNɠ ^uZk3AkozU!b` 0s@ 0 09 0 0~ 0= 0 0 U: %& U:, bf Un 0C 72 c ~^ 1uEQ 0n 04m#!N 1u^ 9wE4I] m__U:vvvv B AQ& 0P 0P< 0D D3<6 :AutoList1[1]  23  0..<I :AutoList1[2]0..  23  0..<\ E6:AutoList1[3]0..0..  23  0..<o (2:AutoList1[4]0..0..0..  23  0..< o:AutoList1[5]0..0..0..0..  23  0..< :AutoList1[6]0..0..0..0..0..  23  0..< 'Q:AutoList1[7]0..0..0..0..0..0..  23  0..< @:AutoList1[8]0..0..0..0..0..0..0..  23  0..<6X9`("Courier NewTT X,6 AZ"Arial Regular- -($    i) Y [ "    XGlXX X xX XGl  _  Ad FILED XGlX x  September24,1999Cecil_Crowson_,Jr.AppellateCourt_ClerkdA _ t    \RA'Legal\ CEKQW]cioAutoList11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. ; T!   _|D(D LT\ !d#%(l*,/t13$6|8:,=?A4DFH6  MICHAELR.JONES(OnAppeal) D JOHNKNOXWALKUP  DistrictPublicDefender     D AttorneyGeneral&Reporter  110PublicSquareSpringfield,TN37172     D KIMR.HELPER     <      D AssistantAttorneyGeneral   <      D 425FifthAvenueNorth   <      D Nashville,TN372430493   <      D JOHNWESLEYCARNEY,JR.   <      D DistrictAttorneyGeneral   <      D B.DENTMORRISS   <      D AssistantDistrictAttorney   <      D 500SouthMainStreet   <      D Springfield,TN37172OPINIONFILED:_______________ X XAFFIRMED  705  X\  X JOHNEVERETTWILLIAMS, Judge ;4: Ї  V!X XGl   X XOPINION  XGlX! V   X  Thedefendant,WillieWitherspoon,filesthisdelayedappealfroma l d RobertsonCountyjuryverdictconvictinghimoftwosalesofaScheduleII 8 0 controlledsubstance.Onesale,aClassBfelony,involved0.5ormoregramsof   cocaine,andtheothersale,aClassCfelony,involvedlessthan0.5gramof  cocaine.    h`  ThedefendantwassentencedtotheDepartmentofCorrectionforeleven 4,  yearsasaRangeIstandardoffenderfortheClassBfelonyandnineyearsasa  RangeIImultipleoffenderfortheClassCfelony.Thesesentenceswere  consecutivetoeachotherandconsecutivetoasentencefromapriorconviction.  ThedefendantwasfoundguiltyonAugust7,1996andsentencedonDecember d\ 6,1996.OnOctober16,1997,thedefendantfiledapetitionforpostconviction 0( reliefwhichallegedthathistrialcounselhadpromisedhewouldpursueadirect  appealofhissentence.Trialcounselfilednoappeal.OnAugust14,1998,the   trialcourtenteredanordergrantingthisdelayedappealfromhissentences. "  `$X   X  BACKGROUND  ,&$"   XThefirstwitnessattrial,JoeMacleod,wasapoliceofficerassignedtothe ' $ 19thJudicialDrugTaskForce(DTF).MacleodtestifiedthattheDTFhad )"& establishedcredibilityfortheconfidentialinformantparticipatingintheinstant +$( casebythatinformantspreviousparticipationinover60otherinvestigations. \-T&* Macleodsupervisedbothpurchasesfromthedefendant,andhistestimony (/ (, describedvisualsurveillanceandotherspecificsoftheinvestigation. 0).  2+0 Theinformanttestifiedthatsheorderedagramofcocainefromthe 4-2 defendant.Aftercallingthedefendantandplacingtheorder,theinformantmet X6P/4 thedefendantinaparkinglotandexchangedmoneyforthecocaine.Several $816 dayslater,theinformantcalledthedefendantandordereda sixteenth,orone 928 sixteenthofanounceofcocaine.Thedefendantagainmetherattheparkinglot  andexchangedthecocaineformoney.Thestatepresentedbothvideotaped  andaudiotapedevidenceofthetransactionstothejury.    l d Atthesentencinghearing,thetrialcourtnotedthatthedefendanthad 80 pleadedguiltyinDecember1994toaClassBcocainefelony,receivingeight   yearsinCommunityCorrectionsasaRangeIoffender.Thetrialcourtalso   notedthedefendantsClassEfelonyconvictionforaScheduleVIviolationin   1981. h`  4, OfficerLemleyoftheDTFtestifiedatthesentencinghearing.Hetestified  thatthedefendantapparentlyheldnoregularjobsduringLemleystwoyear  tenurewiththeDTF.However,thedefendantaccumulatedsubstantialassets,  includinghisresidenceandotherrealty;aracecar;a duallypickuptruck;a d\ Corvette;andapproximatelythirtythousanddollarsworthoftools. 0 (  ! ЀThedefendanttestifiedatthesentencinghearingandclaimedthatheleft #  hislastemployerin1992with numerous[sic]amountsofmoneythat[he]did %" nothavetohave.Heperformedoddjobsandsolddrugstosupportsomeofhis `'X $ fourteenchildren.Thedefendanttestifiedthathehadservedapproximately ,)$"& elevenmonthsonCommunityCorrectionswhenhewasarrestedforthecharges *#( intheinstantcase.Hisowncocaineproblem playedapartinhisselling ,%* cocaine. .',  \0T).  X  ANALYSIS  (2 +0     X X @  @<  @ AdmissionofEvidence 3,2   X Duringthetrial,thestatesproofcomprised: 5.4 { 4 X ,DX0 1. ThetestimonyofOfficerMacleod,establishingtheDTFsthree 706 yearinvestigationofthedefendant;r8j17 ! !  (03! !"" 2  3  .3  0   OfficerMacleodstestimonyregardingprocedurefor X9P28 establishingconfidentialinformantreliability;c#>:639 ! !    TR[A'Legal[A'Legal A' Legal A' LegalT     0 3.ThatofficerstestimonyregardingtheDTFpolicyoftargeting  drugdealers,versususers,andregardingthedefendants  assets;and ! ! 0 4.Testimonythatthedefendantwasresponsibleforallcrimein   RobertsonCounty.   1      ׀  ! ! 4 !! X!" DX ,!"  ~  XThedefendantassertsthatadmissionofthisevidenceconstituted serious, R J substantial,egregiousandfundamentalerrorswhich[sic]strikeanddestroythe   judicialproceedings,andhealsoassertsthatthisevidencewastotallyirrelevant   andintendedsolelyto poisonthejury.SeeTenn.R.Evid.401,402,403.The   defendantdidnot,however,objecttothecontestedevidenceattrial.SeeTenn. z  R.App.P.36(a)(ThisCourtisnotrequiredtoproviderelief toaparty...who NF failedtotakewhateveractionwasreasonablyavailabletopreventornullifythe  harmfuleffectofanerror.);seealsoStatev.Killibrew,760S.W.2d228,235  (Tenn.Crim.App.1988)(appliedRule36(a)whendefendantfailedtoobjectto  theadmissionofevidence). ~v  X( JB Thisissueiswaived.Thedefendantdidnotfileamotionfornewtrial ! withinthirtydaysoftheorderenteringhissentence.SeeTenn.R.Crim.P. " 33(b);Tenn.R.Crim.P.45(b);Statev.Martin,940S.W.2d567,569(Tenn. $! 1997)(Theprovisionforfilingatimelymotionfornewtrialismandatoryandmay z&r# notbeextended). [T]hefailuretotimelyfileamotionforanewtrialresultsinthe F(>!% waiverofthoseissueswhichmayresultinthegrantingofanewtrial.Statev. * #' Dodson,780S.W.2d778,780(Tenn.Crim.App.1989);seealsoTenn.R.App. +$) P.3(e)( Provided,however,inallcasestriedbyajury,noissuepresentedfor -&+ reviewshallbepredicateduponerrorintheadmissionorexclusionof v/n(- evidence...unlessthesamewasspecificallystatedinamotionfornewtrial; B1:*/ otherwisesuchissueswillbetreatedaswaived.).Further,thetrialcourtsOrder 3,1 grantingadelayedappealrestrictsthatappealtotheissueofthedefendants 4-3 sentenceandbarsanyconsiderationofevidentiaryissues. 6/5 ЇThedefendantasserts,however,thattheseallegedlyerroneous  admissionsaffectedhissubstantialrightsandtherebymeritourreview.See  Tenn.R.Crim.P.52(b)( Anerrorwhich[sic]hasaffectedthesubstantialrightof   theaccusedmaybenotedatanytime...wherenecessarytodosubstantial l d justice.).ApanelofthisCourtheldthatsuchaplainerrorreviewmustbe 80 predicatedonan especiallyegregiouserrorthatstrikesatthefairness,integrity   orpublicreputationofjudicialproceedings.Statev.Adkisson,899S.W.2d626,   639(Tenn.Crim.App.1994).Thedefendanthasnotdemonstratedthatthe   contestedevidencereachesthisstandard:Thisevidencewasnotsounfairly h` prejudicialasto destroythejudicialproceedings. 4,     X @  @<  @ SENTENCING   5 X5Thedefendantalsosubmitstwochallengestohissentence.Heasserts  thatthetrialcourtbotherroneouslyenhancedhissentenceanderroneously d\ imposedconsecutivesentencing.Whenanaccusedchallengesthelengthor 0 ( mannerofserviceofasentence,thisCourtreviewstherecorddenovo witha ! presumptionthatthedeterminationsmadebythecourtfromwhichtheappealis #  takenarecorrect.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d).Thepresumptionof %" correctnessiscontingentontherecordindicatingboththelowercourtsreasons `'X $ forarrivingatasentencingdecisionandcompliancewiththestatutory ,)$"& sentencingguidelinesandprinciples.SeeStatev.Wilkerson,905S.W.2d933, *#( 934(Tenn.1995).Theappellantbearstheburdenofshowingthatthe ,%* sentencingwasimproper.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d)sentencing .', commncomments;Statev.Jernigan,929S.W.2d391,395(Tenn.Crim.App. \0T). 1996).Thefollowingconsiderationsapply:(1)theevidencereceivedattrialand (2 +0 atthesentencinghearing;(2)thepresentencereport;(3)theprinciplesof 3,2 sentencingandargumentsastosentencingalternatives;(4)thenatureand 5.4 characteristicsofthecriminalconductinvolved;(5)anystatutorymitigatingor 706 enhancementfactors;(6)anystatementmadebytheaccusedonhisownbehalf; X9P28 and(7)thepotentialorlackofpotentialforrehabilitationortreatment.See  Tenn.CodeAnn.4035102,103,210;Statev.Smith,735S.W.2d859,863  (Tenn.Crim.App.1987).    l d   X @  @<  @  @ Enhancementfactors 80 (!> X->Wefindnoreversibleerrorinthetrialcourtsapplicationofthree   enhancementfactorstothedefendantssentences:(1) [P]revioushistoryof   criminalconvictionorcriminalbehaviorinadditiontothosenecessaryto   establishtheappropriaterange;(2) aprevioushistoryofunwillingnessto h` complywiththeconditionsofasentenceinvolvingreleaseinthecommunity; 4, and(3)commissionoftheoffenseswhileonreleasestatusfromapriorfelony  conviction.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035114(1),(8),(13)(e).Thedefendant  conteststhetrialcourtsapplyingenhancementfactor(8),regarding aprevious  historyofunwillingnesstocomplywiththeconditionsofasentenceinvolving d\ releaseinthecommunity.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035114(8).Commissionofan 0 ( offense,andsubsequentconvictionforthatoffense,maynotconstituteabasis ! forenhancingthesentenceforthatoffenseunderfactor(8).SeeStatev. #  Hayes,899S.W.2d175,186(Tenn.Crim.App.1995).Therefore,convictionfor %" theinstanttwooffensescannotsupportenhancementoftheirsentences. `'X $  ,)$"& However,thedefendanttestifiedthathehaduseddrugsinviolationofhis *#( CommunityCorrectionssentence.Thistestimonyproperlyinvokesfactor(8). ,%* Further,thedefendantadmittedsellingdrugs manytimes.Thesemultiple .', sales,independentfromthetwotransactionsintheinstantcase,demonstrate \0T). unwillingnesstocomplywithcommunityrelease. (2 +0  3,2 Thetrialcourtassigned veryslightweighttotwofindings:the 5.4 defendantstestifyingcandidlyandhisprovidingforhisfamily.SeeTenn.Code 706 Ann.4035113(13),(7).Werespectfullydisagreewiththeconclusionthat X9P28 thesefactorsapplytothedefendantsbenefit.First,adefendantstestifying  underoathshouldnotmeritapplicationofthe catchallmitigatingfactorfor  speakingthetruth.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035113(13).Further,toinvoke   factor(7),thestatuteexplicitlyrequiresthatadefendantsoughtnecessitiesfor l d hisfamilywhenthatdefendantviolatedalaw.Therecorddoesnotestablishthat 80 Corvettes,realestate,andracecarswerenecessarytosupportthedefendants   family.>           <   Consecutivesentencing z  pJAtrialcourtinitsdiscretionmayimposeconsecutivesentencingon NF multipleconvictionsundercertaincircumstances.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.40  35115.Thetrialcourtfound,byarequiredpreponderanceoftheevidence,that  thedefendant [was]aprofessionalcriminalwhohasknowinglydevotedsuch  defendantslifetocriminalactsasamajorsourceoflivelihood.Tenn.Code ~v Ann.4035115(b)(1).Althoughtherecordsupportsthisspecificfinding,the JB TennesseeSupremeCourthasimposedaproportionalityrequirementfor ! consecutivesentencing: " J4 4 $! 4M X[T]heimpositionofconsecutivesentencesonanoffenderfoundto %" beadangerousoffenderrequires,inadditiontotheapplicationof z&r# thegeneralprinciplesofsentencing,thefindingthatanextended `'X $ sentenceisnecessarytoprotectthepublicagainstfurthercriminal F(>!% conductbythedefendantandthattheconsecutivesentencesmust ,)$"& reasonablyrelatetotheseverityoftheoffensescommitted. * #' =N XKN4L *#( 4P4 NStatev.Wilkerson,905S.W.2d933,939(Tenn.1995).Thisholding ,%* specificallyaddressescasesPl.involvingconsecutivesentencingbasedona .', defendantsclassificationasadangerousoffender.However,authorityexistsfor \0T). thepropositionthatthesefindingsarenecessaryforconsecutivesentencingon (2 +0 otherbases.SeeStatev.Desirey,909S.W.2d20,33(Tenn.Crim.App.1995) 3,2 (requiredtheseadditionalfindingsforconsecutivesentencingbasedonthetrial 5.4 courtfindingthedefendantaprofessionalcriminal).ButseeStatev.Lane,No. 706 03C019607CC00259(Tenn.Crim.App.filedJune18,1997,atKnoxville) X9P28 (appealarguedbeforeTennesseeSupremeCourt,January1999)( Itisnot  cogentlyclear,however,thatWilkersonappliestoanycaseotherthanone  involvingthesentencingofadangerousoffenderunder4035115(b)(4).The   opinioninWilkersonmaybefairlyconstruedtoapplyonlytoconsecutive l d sentencingofdangerousoffenders.) 80    Becausethetrialcourtdidnotspecificallyarticulatethesefindings,our   reviewisdenovoregardingtheWilkersonrequirements.Therecordcontains   sufficientproofforafindingthatconsecutivesentencingisappropriate.The h` defendanttestifiedthathehadsoldcocaineonmanyoccasionsandthathewas 4,  addictedtosellingcocaine.HecontinuedtodealdrugswhileonCommunity  Correctionsandconcededthatherealizedthateachsaleofcocaine would  contributetosomeoneshabit.Wethereforeconcludethatconsecutive  sentencingisnecessarytoprotectthepublicfromfurthercriminalconductbythis d\ defendant.Wefurtherconcludethatconsecutivesentencingisreasonably 0 ( relatedtotheseverityoftheoffensesandiscongruentwithgeneralprinciplesof ! sentencing.SeeStatev.Baker,No.01C019711CC00537(Tenn.Crim.App. #  FiledApril9,1999,atNashville). %"  `'X $ tQl. X  CONCLUSION  ,)$"& Z XZWeAFFIRMthetrialcourtsjudgment. *#(  ,%* Z .',   <      D      L  !  v/n(-    <      D _____________________________ \0T).   <      D JOHNEVERETTWILLIAMS,Judge B1:*/  (2 +0  XCONCUR: 3,1 ___________________________ r8j17 DAVIDH.WELLES,Judge X9P28  >:639 Ї____________________________   JOEG.RILEY,Judge     X X