WPC   :6m Ff6!N:WMzԋK o<\? btQ=,-!(hO)D"NIJ涑=Ψcn8w{/}ײ\i/|8wS>a" ԃX!d8+l-!FqkkSRu<šִ3 K1ݬ]Fo¨vsDIKCS?(t%Pa ~Xae Wr_r7$iهbdGi ˜Y\o͸ @ti=;af6=Qḿؙ8fJDi g>6 PyFqI2}/54LBq&."+rBh"ΛEϙ}r5YJRX @"JL"SI~z }0,(*T(Vos;!!Zw| [9M[L4= #)# >UNI % 0(U:bw@4G[ 0jU: 0&U: U:" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " AQ\  0Ds 0D 0D D/? Bn B D3 HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6HPBXLB0nLl(hH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($,|AZ"Arial Regular- - efg{hiEjkDlDmӀwn~<$3|xw(AI$ XXXX  X X  0  ,  AZ"Arial Regular(f*2$ !   XXXX &&X X      0  ,  AZ"Arial Regular !"  XUXXXXXU   Ad FILEDXUX  July20,1999CecilCrowson,Jr.AppellateCourtClerkdAh ,yAZ"Arial Regular !"#%C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !  (3$ !  ($$   1  ''' dxd dP Pd&&&&'dxd !  mm` iXXiTR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdXXd7      wmr(<,(j 8` `@Ef ` ttx0,` rmwwwwmmwwwwwwwINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEEwt(>.*jx` `@ET ` ttx0P ( tߛwATJACKSONJUNESESSION,1999  STATEOFTENNESSEE,  )  C.C.A.NO.02C019809CC00265 (  `     h   )     ` Appellee,   h   )    `     h   ) `     h   )  GIBSONCOUNTY   VS. `     h   )      `     h   )  HON.JULIANP.GUINN     CHARLESWOODRUFF,   )  JUDGE     `     h   )    ` Appellant.   h   )  (SaleofCocaine)      ONAPPEALFROMTHEJUDGMENTOFTHE h CIRCUITCOURTOFGIBSONCOUNTY  `   FORTHEAPPELLANT: h     FORTHEAPPELLEE: H Л̜C.MICHAELROBINS h     PAULG.SUMMERS !8 М46NorthThirdStreet h     AttorneyGeneralandReporter "0 МSuite719̜Memphis,TN38103 h     R.STEPHENJOBE $  М(ONAPPEAL)   h     AssistantAttorneyGeneral x% М `     h     425FifthAvenueNorth̜TOMC.CRIDER   h     Nashville,TN37243 h' МDistrictPublicDefender̜107S.CourtSquare h     CLAYBURNL.PEEPLES X)! МTrenton,TN38382 h     DistrictAttorneyGeneral P* " М(ATTRIAL)   h      H+!#  `     h     BRIANW.FULLER `     h     AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral `     h     110S.CollegeStreet,Suite200 `     h     Trenton,TN38382OPINIONFILED________________________AFFIRMEDDAVIDH.WELLES,JUDGE  7.09   C 7 C dXXd7OPINION C `       ` TheDefendant,CharlesWoodruff,wasindictedbytheGibsonCountyGrandJuryonSeptember15,1997onfourcharges,allarisingfromasingledrugtransaction:possessionofcocainewithintenttosellordeliver,deliveryofcocaine,saleofcocaine,andpossessionofcocaine.OnMay22,1998,theDefendantwastriedbeforeajuryandfoundguiltyofthesaleofcocaine.ThetrialcourtsentencedhimasaRangeIIIpersistentoffendertotenyearsincarceration,andasfixedbythejury,hewasfined$2,000.PursuanttoRule3oftheTennesseeRulesofAppellateProcedure,theDefendantnowappealshisconviction,presentingonlyoneissueforourreview:whetherhisindictmentwasvoidforfailuretosufficientlyallegeaculpablementalstate.Weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt. ` Theindictmentatissueallegesthat CHARLESWOODRUFFdidunlawfullysellacontrolledsubstance,towit:COCAINE,ascheduleIIcontrolledsubstance,asclassifiedinSection3917408oftheTennesseeCodeAnnotated,toMichaelJones,anundercoveragentoftheMilanPoliceDepartment,inviolationofT.C.A.3917417.𛀀TheDefendantarguesthattheindictmentdoesnotallegeaculpablementalstateascontemplatedbyTennesseelaws,dSdeseee  .$% Tenn.CodeAnn.3911301,andthatitisthereforefatallydeficient.Hecontendsthatbecausetheindictmentfailstoallegeaculpablementalstate,itisfatallydeficient. ` Generally,theSixthandFourteenthAmendmentstotheUnitedStatesConstitution,aswellasArticleI,Section9oftheTennesseeConstitution 9L01  guaranteetotheaccusedtherighttobeinformedofthenatureandcauseoftheaccusation.Statev.Hill,954S.W.2d725,727(Tenn.1997).Inaddition,an P  indictmentisgenerallyvalid ifitprovidessufficientinformation(1)toenabletheaccusedtoknowtheaccusationtowhichanswerisrequired,(2)tofurnishthecourtadequatebasisfortheentryofaproperjudgment,and(3)toprotecttheaccusedfromdoublejeopardy.Id.TheDefendantreliesuponHilltosupporthis   argumentinthisappeal.̀ ` InHill,thesupremecourtconsideredanindictmentchargingthedefendant  withtheoffenseofaggravatedrapeandconcludedthattheindictmentwasvalid,despiteitsfailuretoallegeaculpablementalstate.Id.at729.Thecourtheld ` 8 ` thatforoffenseswhichneitherexpresslyrequirenorplainlydispensewiththerequirementforaculpablementalstate,anindictmentwhichfailstoallegesuchmentalstatewillbesufficienttosupportprosecutionandconvictionforthatoffensesolongas ` !` ! 8 `  (1)thelanguageoftheindictmentissufficienttomeettheconstitutionalrequirementsofnoticetotheaccusedofthechargeagainstwhichtheaccusedmustdefend,adequatebasisforentryofaproperjudgment,andprotectionfromdoublejeopardy; ` !` ! 8 `  (2)theformoftheindictmentmeetstherequirementsofTenn.CodeAnn.4013202;and ` !` !  ` 8 (3)thementalstatecanbelogicallyinferredfromtheconduct  ! !  ` alleged.Id.at72627.Thecourtemphasizedthat thepurposeforthetraditionallystrict @,"$ pleadingrequirementwastheexistenceofcommonlawoffenseswhoseelementswerenoteasilyascertainedbyreferencetoastatuteandpointedoutthat [s]uchcommonlawoffensesnolongerexist.Id.at728.Thecourtalso 2(* indicatedthat thegrowinginclinationofthiscourt[is]toescapefromtheembarrassmentoftechnicalitiesthatareemptyandwithoutreason,andtendtodefeatlawandright.Id.󛀜f(fgfqfgigQghuohijquotingjlj)jljjStatev.Cornellison,59S.W.2d514,515 7.0 (Tenn.1933)). 9p02 Ї ` Inthecaseathand,theDefendantcontendsthat astostatutoryoffenseswhichdospecifyaculpablementalstateinthedefinitionoftheoffense,moderncriminalpracticeinTennesseeaselsewheremandatesthattherequiredmentalstatebeexpresslypleadedintheindictment.Hedistinguishestheoffensewithwhichhewascharged,thesaleofcocaine,fromthatchargedinHill,aggravated   rape,intwoways:Hepointsoutthattheoffenseitselfisdifferentandarguesthatthecommonlawaffectingthetwocrimesdiffers.HealsostressesthefactthatthestatutedefiningthecrimechargedinhiscasedoesspecifyaculpablementalϜstate"thatof knowing. ` ContrarytotheDefendantsassertions,theTennesseeSupremeCourtheldinRuffv.State,978S.W.2d95(Tenn.1998),thatthereasoninginHill P applies withevengreaterforceincaseswheretheculpablementalstateisprovidedinthestatutecitedintheindictment.Id.at99.Inarecentcase,our "0 supremecourtreaffirmeditsholdinginRuff,statingthat $  8 ` anindictmentwhichincludesareferencetothecriminalstatutethatsetsforththemensreaissufficienttogiveadefendantnoticeoftheapplicablementalstate. Thus,wheretheconstitutionalandstatutoryrequirementsoutlinedinHillaremet,anindictmentthat X)! citesthepertinentstatuteandusesitslanguagewillbesufficienttosupportaconviction. ` !` ! k񛀛kStatev.Carter,988S.W.2d145,149(Tenn.1999)(quotingRuff,978S.W.2dat 8-#% 100). ` ThisCourthasrecentlyappliedthesamereasoningincasesinvolvingthesaleofdrugs.SeeStatev.VincentBurris,No.02C019703CC00087,1999WL 2(* 150866(Tenn.Crim.App.,Jackson,March22,1999);Statev.HowardKareem 4*, Atkins,No.02C019805CC00155,1999WL241870(Tenn.Crim.App., 5,. Jackson,April26,1999);BruceEdwardLittlev.State,No.01C019710CR 7.0 00461,1998WL918608,at*3*4(Tenn.Crim.App.,Nashville,Dec.31,1998). 9p02 Ї ` Inthecaseatbar,theindictmentspecificallyreferencesTennesseeCodeAnnotated3917417,whichstatesinpertinentpart, Itisanoffenseforadefendanttoknowingly...[s]ellacontrolledsubstance....Tenn.CodeAnn. @  3917417(a)(3)(emphasisadded).Inaddition,wenotethatthetrialcourtinstructedthejurythatinorderfortheDefendanttobefoundguiltyoftheoffenseofwhichhewasultimatelyconvicted, theStatemusthaveprovenbeyondareasonabledoubtthatthedefendantintentionallyorknowinglysold[the]   Cocaine.(Emphasisadded.)Thejuryinstructionsincludedadefinitionof knowingly.Weconcludethattheindictmentinthiscasemeetsconstitutionalandstatutoryrequirementsofnoticeandformandis,therefore,valid. ` Accordingly,thejudgmentofthetrialcourtisaffirmed. `     h   ____________________________________ `     h   DAVIDH.WELLES,JUDGECONCUR:___________________________________THOMAST.WOODALL,JUDGE___________________________________NORMAMcGEEOGLE,JUDGE