ÿWPCk ýx§ôó¶øÂuÝi¹á8šðûÓ[#:0åŠÅ°ÜÕÐd~À<¨pô&»om•ˆ8Àã¨Þï*3ùŸ*È¿[wdû&F©Ÿm1 N#êðbÞN^9ÿFÓm®%…ÉMšÝŽrq¢¸· Teùž:![¬ÎiÏ{´Óí 1©öæ4 wTÀ3V,G##>p²æµŸÌ÷Y3%ÍÍ¿þà•¼ªzbå¯ÞøºšlÙH@á(ù`{µ…¨wz­ð>$ߢ8â?dCö»¾Í Vrk çî‚ ”k¤¢ 7N÷^š1[¬•gçlÚ”½6q²Ò\#{W ûèz.Rþ¯Ô½»¥Àì`ƒ‚’‹œô„©•ÛŠ‹‰ä7Ø©Ò3ˆ÷A\–¤ 峌ýÖû‘gÍ"yx§!¾ºZ×Ä…# F UNQ %Ÿ 0(¥ LÍ U: bS w@[ 4› ¯ 0ƾ 0D„ È Kæ U:1KkU:¶ðU:øøøøøøøøøøøø B22222222222 D3OOO 0D‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚‚ AOÆÆ 0DÛ D/ BN˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLÐ(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡C:\OFFICE\WPWIN\TEMPLATE\STANDARD.WPT,“í|AZ‹"Arial Regular- ù- NUOePDQRPSTEUPVDWÓ€ýhµ&3|xb(v(2´$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X‡®XXXÔÔ€ôx˜ôXX‡®Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó Ô€X‡®XXXÔÔ€îòÇ îXX‡®ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€Œ°  îîòÇÔÐ  ÐÌò òJune€28,€1999Ð ¶¶ ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôx˜ô Œ°ÔAppellate€CourtÐ –– ÐClerkó ó AÝ ƒ q$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X XXXÔÔ€ôxÄô XXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€The€appellant€was€also€indicted€on€one€(1)€count€of€refusing€to€submit€to€a€blood€test,€but€thisÐ `  Ðcount€was€subsequently€dismissed€by€the€state.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular AÝ ƒ q$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X XXXÔÔ€ôxÄô XXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý€The€appellant€was€also€indicted€on€one€(1)€count€of€refusing€to€submit€to€a€blood€test,€but€thisÐ `  Ðcount€was€subsequently€dismissed€by€the€state.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular d'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝñWññOñ›ñOññWñÑ` °ÑÒ°ÒÒ„°ÒÔ€Š¹ŠXXÔÔ€Š CŠŠŠ¹ÔÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ€ÑÑ7€VlXXdìXXdð7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò òñWñßr€ *<,(j 8 `€€@E<f  tt0"t` ¨Ørß›ñWñIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÐ `  ÐÌAT€KNOXVILLEÌÌFEBRUARY€SESSION,€1999ÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à À à)à  àC.C.A.€NO.€03C01„9804„CC„00163Ð ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àó ó)Ð ` Ðà ` àAppellee,à  àà h àà À àò ò)Ð Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àANDERSON€COUNTYÐ Xø  ÐVS.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àÐ Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHON.€JAMES€B.€SCOTT,€JR.ó óÐ Xø  Мò òBEñPñRRñPññQñTTñQñY›€JUNE€œWOODS,ñTññSñ0ñSññTññUñà h àñUñó ó›à À àò ò)à  àœñVññRñà p àñRññVñJUDGEó ó›Ð Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àò ò)ó óÐ Xø Ðà ` àAppellant.à  àà h àà À àò ò)à  à(Direct€Appeal€„D.U.I.)Ð Xø Ðó óÌÌÓ  ÓÌÌòòÓ  ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à h àà À àà  àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:Ð 8Ø ÐÌJ.€THOMAS€MARSHALL,€JR.à À àà  àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÐ ( È ÐOffice€of€the€Public€Defenderà À àà  àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ  !À Ð101€South€Main€StreetÌClinton,€TN€€37716à h àà À àà  àERIK€W.€DAABÐ #° Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€€37243ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJAMES€N.€RAMSEYÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOHN€G.€MADDOXÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€District€AttorneyÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à100€North€Main€StreetÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àClinton,€TN€€37716ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÐ  x5,-S ÐÓ  Óò òòòÔ‡„c½„ŠŠ CÔOPINIONóóó óÔ#†Š CŠ„„c½Ñ #ÔÐ `  ÐÓ  ÓÓÓÑ7€VlXXdìXXdì7Ñà ` àà ¸ àà  àÌà ` àThe€appellant,€Betty€June€Woods,€was€convicted€by€an€Anderson€CountyÏjury€of€one€(1)€count€of€driving€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant.€€The€trial€courtÏsentenced€her€to€eleven€(11)€months€and€twenty„nine€(29)€days,€with€all€but€thirtyÏ(30)€days€of€her€sentence€suspended.€€On€appeal,€she€claims€that€the€evidenceÏis€insufficient€to€support€the€juryððs€verdict.€€She€also€argues€that€the€trial€courtÏerred€in€instructing€the€jury€under€the€driving€under€the€influence€statute.€€Finally,Ïthe€appellant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€requiring€her€to€serve€thirty€(30)Ïdays€in€jail.€€After€a€thorough€review€of€the€record€before€this€Court,€we€find€noÏreversible€error€and€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà@II,®àò òòòFACTSó óóóˆÐ  ´ ÐÌà ` àAt€approximately€9:00€p.m.€on€August€22,€1996,€Richard€Burris€was€drivingÏeast€on€Oak€Ridge€Turnpike€in€Oak€Ridge,€Tennessee,€when€he€noticed€a€carÏtraveling€west€in€the€eastbound€lanes.€€The€turnpike€is€a€four„lane€highway€withÏa€grass€median€in€the€center.€€Because€the€vehicle€was€headed€directly€intoÏBurrisðð€lane€of€traffic,€he€stopped€his€vehicle.€€Suddenly,€the€car€swerved€to€theÏright,€through€the€median€and€into€the€westbound€lanes.€€The€car€then€stoppedÏin€the€left€turn€lane€at€a€red€light.€€Burris€turned€his€car€around€and€stoppedÏbehind€the€vehicle€at€the€red€light.€€€Burris€approached€the€car,€reached€inside€ofÏthe€car€and€took€the€keys€from€the€ignition.€€The€driver€of€the€car€was€identifiedÏat€trial€as€the€appellant.€€According€to€Burris,€the€appellant€was€not€alert,€unstableÏon€her€feet€and€confused€as€to€her€whereabouts.€€The€appellantððs€six„year€oldÏson€was€in€the€vehicle€as€well.€Ð T9ô/1 Ðà ` àAnother€motorist,€Rick€Cantrell,€also€observed€the€appellantððs€erraticÏdriving.€€After€he€observed€the€appellant€stop€her€vehicle€in€the€left€turn€lane,ÏCantrell€contacted€the€police.€€€Cantrell€observed€that€the€appellant€was€not€alert,Ïher€speech€was€unclear€and€she€believed€that€she€was€in€a€different€city.€€CantrellÏfurther€described€the€appellant€as€ð ðwobbly.ðð€€€Both€Burris€and€Cantrell€testifiedÏthat€they€believed€that€the€appellant€was€intoxicated.€Ìà ` àOfficers€responding€to€the€scene€found€the€appellant€sitting€ð ðslumped„overððÏin€the€driverððs€seat.€€The€appellant€was€unsteady€on€her€feet€and€unable€to€standÏon€her€own.€€Her€speech€was€unclear€and€slurred,€her€eyes€were€glassy€andÏbloodshot,€and€the€appellant€could€not€reasonably€answer€the€officersðð€questions.€ÏOne€officer€described€the€appellant€as€ð ðsemi„consciousðð€and€looked€as€if€she€wasÏð ðalmost€passed€out€behind€the€wheel.ðð€€The€officers€opined€that€the€appellant€wasÏintoxicated.€Ìà ` àBecause€the€appellant€was€unable€to€stand€without€assistance,€the€officersÏbelieved€that€administering€field€sobriety€tests€would€be€ð ðrisky.ðð€€€When€askedÏwhether€she€had€been€drinking,€the€appellant€responded€that€she€had€takenÏFlexeril.€€Upon€being€arrested,€the€appellant€agreed€to€submit€to€a€chemical€bloodÏtest.€€However,€once€the€appellant€was€transported€to€Methodist€Medical€CenterÏin€Oak€Ridge,€she€refused€to€consent€to€the€blood€test.€Ìà ` àThe€state€also€called€James€McMahon,€a€pharmacist,€who€witnessed€theÏincident€to€testify.€€McMahon€testified€that€Flexeril€is€a€muscle€relaxant€whichÏcauses€drowsiness€as€a€side€effect€in€39%€of€those€who€ingest€it.€€In€excessiveÏdoses,€this€medication€can€cause€mental€confusion,€hallucinations€and/or€aÏð ðdrugged„out€feeling.ðð€€McMahon€stated€that,€when€the€recommended€dosage€isÏtaken,€Flexeril€can€impair€a€personððs€ability€to€operate€machinery.€€According€toÏMcMahon,€the€impairment€level€of€a€recommended€dosage€of€Flexeril€isÐ Ð9p02 Ðcomparable€to€the€impairment€level€of€several€shots€of€alcohol.€€However,Ïexcessive€doses€of€Flexeril€could€cause€a€person€to€be€in€a€ð ðstupor.ðð€Ìà ` àThe€appellant€testified€on€her€own€behalf€at€trial.€€She€stated€that€onÏAugust€22,€she€was€trying€to€locate€the€home€of€a€friend€in€Clinton,€Tennessee.€Ï€However,€because€she€was€not€familiar€with€Anderson€County,€she€became€lostÏand€decided€to€return€home.€€€She€drove€around€Oak€Ridge€looking€for€signs€toÏdirect€her€home,€and€when€she€turned€onto€the€Oak€Ridge€Turnpike,€she€believedÏshe€was€traveling€in€the€right€direction.€€€She€testified€that€she€saw€headlights€andÏswerved€over€so€that€she€did€not€collide€with€the€vehicle.€€Then,€she€pulled€herÏvehicle€over€and€stopped.€€ò òÐ Ðp Ðó óà ` àShortly€thereafter,€a€man€approached€her€vehicle.€€Because€the€man€wasÐ À` Ðextremely€angry,€she€raised€her€car€window,€turned€the€ignition€off€and€waited€forÏthe€police€to€arrive.€€€When€the€police€arrived,€one€of€the€officers€inquired€whetherÏshe€had€taken€any€drugs€that€day,€to€which€she€responded€that€she€had€not.€€ÏShe€testified€that€she€then€volunteered€to€take€a€blood€test.€Ìà ` àThe€appellant€stated€that€she€was€taking€Flexeril€at€the€time€of€the€incident,Ïbut€only€took€this€medication€at€bedtime.€€She€denied€being€under€the€influenceÏof€anything€at€the€time€of€the€incident.€€She€disputed€the€officersðð€testimony€thatÏshe€admitted€taking€Flexeril€on€the€day€of€the€incident.€€€She€further€testified€thatÏshe€refused€to€submit€to€the€blood€test€because€the€officers€had€taken€custodyÏof€her€son€and€would€not€allow€her€to€see€him.€Ìà ` àThe€jury€returned€a€guilty€verdict€on€one€(1)€count€of€driving€under€theÏinfluence€of€an€intoxicant.ñOñ׃×ñOññOñ׃×ñOñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€The€trial€court€sentenced€the€appellant€to€eleven€(11)Ð 4 *, Ðmonths€and€twenty„nine€(29)€days,€with€all€but€thirty€(30)€days€of€the€sentenceÐ ð5,. Ðsuspended.€€From€her€conviction€and€sentence,€the€appellant€now€brings€thisÏappeal.ÌÌà@îî!®àò òòòSUFFICIENCY€OF€THE€EVIDENCEó óóóˆÐ 0Ð ÐÌà ` àIn€her€first€issue,€the€appellant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€convictingÏevidence.€€First,€she€argues€that€there€is€insufficient€evidence€to€establish€thatÏshe€was€under€the€influence€of€anything€at€the€time€of€the€incident.€€Secondly,Ïshe€contends€that,€even€if€she€was€under€the€influence€of€Flexeril,€that€medicationÏis€not€an€ð ðintoxicantðð€as€contemplated€by€the€driving€under€the€influence€of€anÏintoxicant€statute.Ìà@EE-®àò òA.ó óˆÐ À` Ðà ` àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€CourtÏmust€review€the€record€to€determine€if€the€evidence€adduced€during€the€trial€wasÏsufficient€ð ðto€support€the€findings€by€the€trier€of€fact€of€guilt€beyond€a€reasonableÏdoubt.ðð€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).€€This€rule€is€applicable€to€findings€of€guiltÏpredicated€upon€direct€evidence,€circumstantial€evidence€or€a€combination€ofÏdirect€and€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Breweróó,€932€S.W.2d€1,€19€(Tenn.Ð p*!" ÐCrim.€App.€1996).Ìà ` àIn€determining€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€Court€does€not€reweighÏor€reevaluate€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.Ð @0à&( Ð1978).€€Nor€may€this€Court€substitute€its€inferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€trierÏof€fact€from€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòLiakas€v.€Stateóó,€199€Tenn.€298,€305,€286Ð  4À*, ÐS.W.2d€856,€859€(1956).€€To€the€contrary,€this€Court€is€required€to€afford€the€stateÏthe€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€contained€in€the€record€as€well€asÏall€reasonable€and€legitimate€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€from€the€evidence.€Ð ð902 ÐòòState€v.€Tuttleóó,€914€S.W.2d€926,€932€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€ð ðA€guilty€verdictÐ `  Ðby€the€jury,€approved€by€the€trial€judge,€accredits€the€testimony€of€the€witnessesÏfor€the€State€and€resolves€all€conflicts€in€favor€of€the€theory€of€the€State.ðð€€òòStateÐ @ à Ðv.€Graceóó,€493€S.W.2d€474,€476€(Tenn.€1973).€€Questions€concerning€theÐ 0Ð Ðcredibility€of€the€witnesses,€the€weight€and€value€to€be€given€the€evidence€as€wellÏas€all€factual€issues€raised€by€the€evidence€are€resolved€by€the€jury€as€the€trierÏof€fact.€€òòState€v.€Tuttleóó,€914€S.W.2d€at€932.Ð    Ðà ` àBecause€a€verdict€of€guilt€removes€the€presumption€of€innocence€andÏreplaces€it€with€a€presumption€of€guilt,€the€accused€has€the€burden€in€this€CourtÏof€illustrating€why€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€verdict€returned€byÏthe€trier€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982);€òòState€v.Ð À` ÐGraceóó,€493€S.W.2d€at€476.Ð °P Ðà@BB-®àò òB.ó óˆÐ   @ Ðà ` àTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„401(a)€provides,€in€pertinent€part:ÌÓÓà8 ` àIt€is€unlawful€for€any€person€to€drive€or€to€be€in€physical€control€ofÏany€automobile€or€other€motor€driven€vehicle€on€any€of€the€publicÏroads€and€highways€of€the€state,€or€on€any€streets€or€alleys,€or€whileÏon€the€premises€of€any€shopping€center,€trailer€park€or€anyÏapartment€house€complex,€or€any€other€premises€which€is€generallyÏfrequented€by€the€public€at€large,€while:Ð ` ü!` ü! ЀÌà8 ` àà8¸ ` ü!` ü!à(1)€Under€the€influence€of€any€intoxicant,€marijuana,Ïnarcotic€drug,€or€drug€producing€stimulating€effects€onÏthe€central€nervous€system.Ð ¸ ¤¸ ¤ ÐÌÓÓà@BB-®àò òC.ó óˆÐ 8/Ø%' Ðà ` àThe€appellant€contends€that€the€state€presented€insufficient€evidence€thatÏshe€was€under€the€influence€of€any€substance.€€She€claims€that€she€was€drivingÏerratically€because€she€was€not€familiar€with€the€roadways€in€Oak€Ridge.€€Thus,Ïshe€argues€that€the€state€failed€to€prove€a€ð ðnexusðð€between€any€substance€takenÏby€the€appellant€and€her€driving€behavior.Ð ø8˜/1 Ðà ` àThe€proof€at€trial€showed€that€the€appellant€was€driving€west€in€theÏeastbound€lanes€of€the€Oak€Ridge€Turnpike.€€She€narrowly€avoided€a€collisionÏwith€oncoming€vehicles€by€swerving€over€the€grass€median€into€the€correct€laneÏof€traffic.€€There,€she€stopped€in€the€left€turn€lane€at€a€red€light.€€Witnesses€at€theÏscene€described€her€as€not€alert,€unstable€on€her€feet€and€confused€as€to€herÏwhereabouts.€€Her€speech€was€unclear€and€slurred,€her€eyes€were€glassy€andÏbloodshot,€and€she€could€not€reasonably€answer€questions€posed€to€her.€ÏOfficers€responding€to€the€scene€found€the€appellant€sitting€ð ðslumped„overðð€in€theÏdriverððs€seat.€€She€was€unable€to€stand€without€assistance.€€One€officer€describedÏthe€appellant€as€ð ðsemi„consciousðð€and€looked€as€if€she€was€ð ðalmost€passed€outÏbehind€the€wheel.ðð€€Furthermore,€the€officers€at€the€scene€believed€thatÏadministering€field€sobriety€tests€would€have€been€too€dangerous€given€theÏappellantððs€inability€to€stand€on€her€own.€€All€witnesses€agreed€that€the€appellantÏappeared€to€be€intoxicated.Ìà ` àIt€is€well€established€that€the€offense€of€driving€under€the€influence€of€anÏintoxicant€may€be€established€solely€by€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Gilbertóó,Ð p& Ð751€S.W.2d€454,€459€(Tenn.€€Crim.€App.€1988).€€The€foregoing€evidence,€albeitÏcircumstantial,€overwhelmingly€indicates€that€the€appellant€was€driving€under€theÏinfluence€of€an€intoxicant.€€Thus,€we€conclude€that€the€state€presented€sufficientÏevidence€for€a€rational€trier€of€fact€to€find€the€appellant€guilty€of€driving€under€theÏinfluence.Ìà@BB-®àò òD.ó óˆÐ 2°(* Ðà ` àThe€appellant€also€argues€that,€if€she€had€taken€Flexeril€on€the€day€inÏquestion,€that€medication€is€not€an€ð ðintoxicantðð€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„¼401.€€She€asserts€that€Flexeril€is€not€a€ð ðdrug€producing€stimulating€effects€on€theÏcentral€nervous€systemðð€and€is€not€a€narcotic.€€She€further€insists€that€the€termÐ à9€02 Ðð ðintoxicantðð€in€the€statute€refers€only€to€alcohol.€€Therefore,€she€maintains€that,Ïbecause€Flexeril€is€not€an€intoxicant€as€defined€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„401,Ïshe€is€not€guilty€of€driving€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€under€the€statute.Ìà ` àHowever,€this€Court€need€not€reach€the€issue€whether€Flexeril€is€anÏintoxicant€as€contemplated€by€the€statute.€€Although€the€officers€testified€that€theÏappellant€admitted€taking€Flexeril€on€the€day€of€the€incident,€at€trial€the€appellantÏinsisted€that€the€officers€misunderstood€her.€€She€denied€taking€Flexeril€or€anyÏother€medication€on€the€day€of€the€incident.€€In€addition,€the€appellant€refused€toÏsubmit€to€a€blood€test€which€would€reveal€the€presence€of€chemicals€in€herÏsystem.€€Because€there€is€no€evidence€affirmatively€establishing€that€theÏappellant€ingested€Flexeril,€and€only€Flexeril,€on€the€day€in€question,€whetherÏFlexeril€is€an€intoxicant€under€the€statute€is€not€dispositive€of€this€issue.Ìà ` àAfter€observing€the€appellantððs€erratic€driving€behavior,€witnesses€noticedÏthat€the€appellant€was€disoriented€and€sluggish.€€Her€speech€was€slurred€andÏunclear.€€She€was€unable€to€stand€without€assistance€and€could€not€respond€toÏthe€officersðð€questions.€€According€to€one€officer,€the€appellant€was€in€a€ð ðsemi„¼consciousðð€state.€€Clearly,€the€appellant€was€driving€in€what€a€rational€juror€couldÏfind€to€be€an€€intoxicated€state,€such€conduct€€is€clearly€prohibited€under€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€55„10„401.Ìà ` àThe€evidence€is€sufficient€to€sustain€the€appellantððs€conviction.€€This€issueÏis€without€merit.ÌÌà@FF&®àò òòòJURY€INSTRUCTIONSó óóóˆÐ 4 *, ÐÌà ` àThe€appellant€next€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€instructing€the€jury€asÏto€the€driving€under€the€influence€statute.€€She€claims€that€the€trial€court€refusedÐ à9€02 Ðto€instruct€the€jury€as€to€the€entire€driving€the€influence€statute€in€that€the€drugsÏencompassed€in€the€statute€were€never€specified€to€the€jury.€€She€further€assertsÏthat€the€trial€courtððs€instructions€used€the€phrase€ð ðintoxicant€or€drugðð€withoutÏfurther€defining€the€terms.€€As€a€result,€she€contends€that€the€instructionsÏconveyed€to€the€jury€that€they€could€convict€her€of€driving€under€the€influence€ofÏany€drug,€rather€than€those€drugs€prohibited€by€the€statute.Ìà ` àThe€trial€court€instructed€the€jury€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8 ` àAny€person€who€commits€the€offense€of€Driving€Under€the€InfluenceÏof€an€intoxicant€or€drug€is€guilty€of€a€crime.€€For€you€to€find€theÏdefendant€guilty€of€this€offense,€the€State€must€have€proven€beyondÏa€reasonable€doubt€the€existence€of€the€following€essentialÏelements:Ð ` ü!` ü! ÐÌà8 ` àà8¸ ` ü!` ü!àà  à1.€€That€the€defendant€was€driving,€or€was€inÏphysical€control€of€an€automobile€or€motor„drivenÏvehicle;€andÐ ¸ ¤¸ ¤ ÐÌà8 ` àà8¸ ` ü!` ü!àà  à2.€€That€this€act€occurred€on€the€public€roads€orÏhighways,€or€public€streets;€andÐ ¸ ¤¸ ¤ ÐÌà8 ` àà8¸ ` ü!` ü!àà  à3.€€That€the€defendant€was€under€the€influenceÏof€an€intoxicant€or€drug.Ð ¸ ¤¸ ¤ ÐÌà8 ` àà ¸ àNow€the€expression,€ð ðunder€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€orÏdrug,ðð€covers€not€only€all€the€well„known€and€easily€recognizedÏconditions€and€degrees€of€intoxication,€but€also€any€mental€orÏphysical€condition€which€is€the€result€of€taking€intoxicants€or€drugsÏin€any€form;€and€which€deprives€one€of€the€clearness€of€mind€andÏcontrol€of€herself,€which€she€would€otherwise€possess.€€And€thisÏsituation,€it€would€not€be€necessary€that€a€person€be€in€suchÏcondition€as€would€make€him€or€her€guilty€of€public€drunkenness.€ÏThe€law€merely€requires€that€the€person€be€under€the€influence€of€anÏintoxicant€or€drug.€€The€degree€of€intoxication€must€be€such€that€itÏimpairs,€to€any€extent,€the€driverððs€ability€to€operate€an€automobile.Ð ` ü!` ü! ÐÌÓÓÌà ` àA€defendant€has€a€constitutional€right€to€a€correct€and€complete€charge€ofÏthe€law€governing€the€issues€raised€by€the€evidence€presented€at€trial.€€òòState€v.Ð ð5,. Ðâ âForbesóó,€918€S.W.2d€431,€447€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€ð ðWhen€the€trial€judgeÐ à7€.0 Ðgives€instructions€that€correctly,€fully,€and€fairly€set€forth€the€applicable€law,€it€isÏnot€error€to€refuse€to€give€a€special€requested€instruction.ðð€€òòId.óóÐ P ð Ðâ âà ` àThe€instruction€given€by€the€trial€court€essentially€followed€the€TennesseeÏPattern€Jury€Instruction€38.01€for€driving€under€the€influence.€€The€appellantÏcomplains€that€the€instruction€did€not€contain€language€similar€to€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€55„10„401(b)€which€defines€the€phrase€ð ðdrug€producing€stimulating€effectsÏon€the€central€nervous€system.ðð€€However,€there€is€no€evidence€in€the€record€thatÏthe€appellant€ingested€a€medication€which€would€fit€the€definition€of€a€ð ðdrugÏproducing€stimulating€effects€on€the€central€nervous€system.ðð€€The€definition€ofÏsuch€a€medication€was,€therefore,€irrelevant€to€the€juryððs€determination.€€ð ðAÏdefendant€has€a€right€to€have€every€issue€of€fact€raised€by€the€evidence€andÏmaterial€to€his€defense€submitted€to€the€jury€upon€proper€instructions€by€the€trialÏcourt.ðð€€òòState€v.€Phippsóó,€883€S.W.2d€138,€149„50€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€Ð   @ ÐHowever,€a€defendant€is€not€entitled€to€have€the€jury€instructed€on€issues€whichÏwere€not€presented€by€the€evidence€at€trial.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Elderóó,€982€S.W.2d€871,Ð €$  Ð877€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1998).Ìà ` àWe€believe€that€the€instruction€given€by€the€trial€court€fully€and€fairly€statedÏthe€applicable€law€for€driving€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant.€€Therefore,€theÏtrial€court€did€not€err€in€failing€to€give€the€appellantððs€requested€special€instruction.Ìà ` àThis€issue€has€no€merit.ÌÌà@êê)®àò òòòSENTENCINGó óóóˆÐ 2°(* ÐÌà ` àIn€her€final€issue,€the€appellant€claims€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€imposingÏâ âher€sentence.€€She€claims€that€the€trial€court€found€no€applicable€enhancementÐ ð7.0 Ðfactors,€and€she€has€no€record€of€prior€criminal€activity.€€Therefore,€she€claimsÏthat€the€trial€courtððs€imposition€of€thirty€(30)€days€in€jail€is€excessive.Ìâ âà ` àThis€Courtððs€review€of€the€sentence€imposed€by€the€trial€court€is€òòde€novoóóÐ @ à Ðwith€a€presumption€of€correctness.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-401(d).€€ThisÏpresumption€is€conditioned€upon€an€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trialÏjudge€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€andÏcircumstances.€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€The€burdenÐ    Ðis€upon€the€appealing€party€to€show€that€the€sentence€is€improper.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40-35-401(d)€Sentencing€Commission€Comments.Ìà ` àOrdinarily,€a€trial€court€is€required€to€make€specific€findings€on€the€recordÏwith€regard€to€sentencing€determinations.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„Ð À` Ð209(c),€40„35„210(f).€€However,€with€regard€to€misdemeanor€sentencing,€ourÏSupreme€Court€has€recently€held€that€this€Courtððs€review€of€misdemeanorÏsentencing€is€òòde€novoóó€with€a€presumption€of€correctness€even€if€the€trial€court€didÐ "0 Ðnot€make€specific€findings€of€fact€on€the€record€because€ð ða€trial€court€need€onlyÏconsider€the€principles€of€sentencing€and€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€inÏorder€to€comply€with€the€legislative€mandates€of€the€misdemeanor€sentencingÏstatute.ðð€€òòState€v.€Troutmanóó,€979€S.W.2d€271,€274€(Tenn.€1998).Ð P*ð " Ðà ` àMisdemeanor€sentencing€is€controlled€by€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-302,Ïwhich€provides€€that€the€trial€court€shall€impose€a€specific€sentence€consistentÏwith€the€purposes€and€principles€of€the€1989€Criminal€Sentencing€Reform€Act.€Ð  0À&( ÐòòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Palmeróó,€902€S.W.2d€391€(Tenn.€1995).€€One€convicted€of€aÐ 2°(* Ðmisdemeanor,€unlike€one€convicted€of€a€felony,€is€not€entitled€to€a€presumptionÏof€a€minimum€sentence.€€òòState€v.€Creasyóó,€885€S.W.2d€829,€832€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ð5,. ÐApp.€1994).€€Misdemeanor€sentences€do€not€contain€ranges€of€punishments,€andÏa€misdemeanor€defendant€may€be€sentenced€to€the€maximum€term€provided€forÐ Ð9p02 Ðthe€offense€as€long€as€the€sentence€imposed€is€consistent€with€the€purposes€ofÏthe€sentencing€act.€€òòState€v.€Palmeróó,€902€S.W.2d€at€393.Ð P ð Ðà ` àThe€trial€court€sentenced€the€appellant€to€thirty€(30)€days€in€jail€due€to€theÏaggravated€circumstances€in€this€case.€€We€agree.€€Although€the€trial€court€didÏnot€specifically€find€enhancement€factors,€upon€our€òòde€novoóó€review,€this€CourtÐ  À Ðfinds€that€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(10)€and€(16)€are€applicable.€€TheÏappellant€was€driving€in€the€wrong€direction€on€a€busy€roadway€while€her€six€(6)Ïyear€old€son€was€sitting€in€the€passenger€seat.€€She€narrowly€avoided€a€head„onÏcollision€with€another€vehicle€by€swerving€across€a€grass€median.€€She€was€soÏimpaired€that€she€could€not€speak€or€stand€without€assistance.€€Certainly,€thisÏevidence€demonstrates€a€high€risk€to€human€life€as€well€as€a€great€potential€forÏbodily€injury€to€other€motorists.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€597,€603€(Tenn.Ð °P Ð1994).€€As€noted€by€the€trial€court,€the€appellant€is€truly€fortunate€for€not€havingÏinjured€or€killed€another€motorist,€herself€or€her€son.€€We,€thus,€conclude€that€theÏthirty€(30)€day€incarceration€period€imposed€by€the€trial€court€was€appropriate.Ìà ` àThis€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà@ØØ)®àò òòòCONCLUSIONó óóóˆÐ P*ð " ÐÌà ` àAfter€a€thorough€review€of€the€record€before€this€Court,€we€find€noÏreversible€error.€€Accordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.ÌñMñà ` àà ` àà ` àà ` àà ` àÌÌÌÌñMñÓ  ÓñMñà ` àÌÌñMñÌÓÓà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à____________________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÌÌñNñÌÌÌñNñÐ à9€02 ЇCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌNORMA€MCGEE€OGLE,€JUDGEÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌL.T.€LAFFERTY,€SENIOR€JUDGE