ÿWPC“ tmòÅôXÐ0 ¶^µ?¹‰|Í:îÔR^»ÎýÓYC—ã (ð¤õH;¸.Éõg½¬æl[ UÇh“¥:QÝôS˜Ùb§)~Áã,×û[ñóNaÌùµ¼']_]­ÿ³ a˜K’}òCš˜xk("–ï Ë•Ïyã8}è÷X9 `â ?EüäË™vóåuÕ9(§Ãfg–zz¥Ý=¹­c?±7dsŸ{PwStÙ•Xkâ£mÛ¼ø‰?ªúKüHŽ»ø¶´x=oª\Cì‡Læ:k-•ªŽ‡§tNH;3UD“) ·Ü:{¢O5÷inÁ‡IχÂμ¥Èy cÿòÐØ|b»~À‚Ùnkutº=P[d2 ýêzlqÒ­•ÛïŒû}åÆäÀ ‡†ä ¦ö‚c8!ƒ‰DAÄOÿÉQ j–tbE³yz~eç*¡è5á©7+I5Éa/…ž˜N® nXËn1Áz«Ù…¸Ò˜C Ùs-šˆˆ€:ÕÝK…»”†’‰ïÉÇδîé@plV”µ„ðVŸ´>b?üʈSoÜ-üèlº\¨xæè…câæW—ˆ‹>çaÿÔs\{î; û hÊ_¦ÏZå… %F w@L 0ÜŒ U:h 4¢ ¶ ›Å ` 0 h 0DˆvÌ@BU:‚@¼U:üê6U:               BZZZZZZZZZZZ D3www 0Dªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªª AOîÆ== 0D D/G BvX 9U:D;U<U=e>D?D@DABÓ€(´`$¡¡Ñ°ÑÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€‰GXXdðXXdð7ÑÑ  Ñ,c½¬AZ‹"Arial RegularuM%3|xK ‘Ô‡ôƒÞôXXÔÝ ƒ ǘÿÝÑ@°ÑÒ°ÒÑT@R[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7ÀlàXXdædæ7ÑÑ @ Ñà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThis€court€has€jurisdiction€over€this€proceeding€pursuant€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„11„Ð  Ð125(d)€(1997).(Ð(3ǘ$¤¤Ý ƒ`!ÝѰÑÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€làXXdædæ7ÑÑ  ÑÝ  Ýà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó lÒ°ÒÔ‡ ô¹ôXXÔÝ ƒ ÔÐÿÝÑT@R[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€ ô¹ôôô¹ÔÒÒà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThis€court€has€jurisdiction€over€this€proceeding€pursuant€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„11„Ð  Ð125(d)€(1997). 6Ò°ÒÔ‡ô¹ôXXÔÝ ƒ ÔÐÿÝÑT@R[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€ô¹ôôô¹ÔÒÒà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝIn€support€of€its€position,€the€State€asserts€that€the€courtððs€subsequent€orders€of€AugustÐ  Ð18€and€September€26€did€in€fact€provide€adequate€notice€of€the€trial€courtððs€reasons€forÏsuspending€AAAððs€privileges€to€write€bail€bonds€in€Davidson€County€and€were€but€a€continuationÏof€the€May€2€order.€€,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular 6Ò°ÒÔ‡ô¹ôXXÔÝ ƒ ÔÐÿÝÑT@R[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€ô¹ôôô¹ÔÒÒà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝIn€support€of€its€position,€the€State€asserts€that€the€courtððs€subsequent€orders€of€AugustÐ  Ð18€and€September€26€did€in€fact€provide€adequate€notice€of€the€trial€courtððs€reasons€forÏsuspending€AAAððs€privileges€to€write€bail€bonds€in€Davidson€County€and€were€but€a€continuationÏof€the€May€2€order.€€,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular àÔ€XlàXXXÔÔ€™|XXlàÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€XlàX™|ÔÐ  ÐÌSeptember€30,€1998ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular d'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ`!ÝѰÑÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€làXXdædÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÝ  ÝñBññ=ñ›ñ=ññBñÓ ÔþÓò òñBñßr€*<,(j 8` `€€@EÈ ` 8ttxPð  rß›ñBñà@. . ®àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ  Ðà@ÜÜ(®àAT€NASHVILLEˆÌà@½½%®àJULY€SESSION,€1998ˆÌÌÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à h àà À à)Ð | t Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àNo.€01C01„9710„CR„00462Ð h` Ðà ` àAppelleeà  àà h àà À à)Ð TL  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àDAVIDSON€COUNTYÐ @8  Ðvs.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)Ð ,$  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHon.€Seth€Norman,€JudgeÐ   ÐAAA€AARON'S€ACTIONà h àà À à)Ð ü  ÐAGENCY€BAIL€BONDS,€INC.à À à)Ð ðè  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  à(òòEn€Banc€óóOrder)Ð ÜÔ  Ðà ` àAppellantà  àà h àà À à)Ð ÈÀ Ðó óÌÌÌòòFor€the€Appellantóó:à  àà h àà À àà  àòòFor€the€Appelleeóó:Ð f^ ÐÌò òThomas€L.€Whitesideó óà h àà À àò òà  àJohn€Knox€Walkupó óÐ 2* ÐFowlkes€&€Whitesideà h àà À àà  àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ  Ð172€Second€Avenue€Northà À àÐ ü ÐSuite€214à ¸ àà  àò òà h àà À àà  àTimothy€F.€Behanó óÐ êâ ÐNashville,€TN€€37201„1908à À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€Generalà Ð àà (# àÐ ÖÎ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àCriminal€Justice€DivisionÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€37243„0493à x àà Ð àà (# àÐ ˆ!€ Ðà ` àÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àÌò òà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àVictor€S.€(Torry)€Johnson€IIIó óÐ :$2  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌò òà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àSteve€Dozieró óÐ ò&ê# Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAsst.€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àWashington€Square,€STE€500Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à222„2nd€Avenue€NÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€€37201„1649ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€€òò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÐ (. '+ ÐÌÌò òREMANDEDó óÐ Ú0Ò). ÐÌÌÌò òDavid€G.€Hayesó óÐ x4p-2 ÐJudgeÐ  d5\.3 ÐÓÓà@+®àòòò òOPINIONóóó óˆÐ  ÐÌà ` àAAA€Aaronððs€Action€Agency€Bail€Bonds,€Inc.,€(AAA),€appeals€from€the€òòenÐ ¬ ¤ Ðbancóó€order€of€the€Davidson€County€Criminal€Court€suspending€AAAððs€authority€toÐ | t Ðwrite€bail€bonds€in€Davidson€County.ñ=ñ׃×ñ=ññ=ñ׃ ×ñ=ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€AAA€raises€two€issues€for€our€review.Ð LD ÐÓÓà8 ` àI.€€ð ðWhether€the€trial€courtððs€summary€suspension€of€appellant€as€aÏbondsman€deprived€appellant€of€a€constitutionally€protected€propertyÏinterest;ðð€andÐ ` ü!` ü! ÐÌà8 ` àII.€€ð ðWhether€the€failure€to€provide€appellant€with€notice€and€anÏopportunity€to€be€heard€when€the€trial€court€summarily€suspendedÏappellant€was€an€abuse€of€discretion.ððÐ ` ü!` ü! ÐÌÌÓÓà ` àAlthough€we€find€the€trial€courtððs€òòen€bancóó€order€sufficient€to€temporarilyÐ .& Ðsuspend€AAAððs€authority€to€write€bail€bonds,€we€conclude€that€the€notice€providedÏtherein€is€constitutionally€inadequate€to€satisfy€due€process€concerns.€Moreover,Ïbecause€AAA€prematurely€filed€its€notice€of€appeal€to€this€court,€the€trial€court€wasÏprevented€from€providing€AAA€with€a€hearing€on€the€matter.€€In€the€interest€of€justiceÏand€fairness,€the€order€of€the€trial€court€is€upheld€only€to€the€extent€of€suspendingÏAAAððs€authority€to€write€bail€bonds.€€However,€in€all€other€respects,€this€cause€isÏremanded€to€the€Criminal€Court€of€Davidson€County€to€permit€that€court€to€amend€itsÏorder€œñ>ñso›€as›€ñ>ñto›€provide€sufficient€notice€to€AAA€of€œñ?ñ€to›€ñ?ñthe›€specific€grounds€supporting€theÏcourtððs€action.€€If€such€notice€is€sufficient€and€AAA€responds€within€twenty€days,€theÏtrial€court€shall€conduct€a€hearing€within€a€reasonable€time€of€AAAððs€response.€€ÌÌÌà@*®àò òAnalysisó óˆÐ Ž/†(- ÐÌà ` àIt€is€without€dispute€that€the€trial€courts€of€this€state€have€the€full€authority€toÏdetermine€who€should€be€allowed€to€make€bonds€in€its€court€and€to€regulateÏprofessional€bondsmen.€€òòGilbreath€v.€Fergusonóó,€195€Tenn.€528,€260€S.W.2d€276Ð Ê6Â/5 Ð(1953);€òòHull€v.€Stateóó,€543€S.W.2d€611,€612€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1976).€€€Specifically,Ð  ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„11„125(a)€provides€the€trial€courts€with€the€authority,€afterÏinvestigation,€to€suspend€a€professional€bondsman€or€other€surety€from€makingÏbonds€if€such€bondsman€or€other€surety€violates€any€of€the€laws€relating€to€bailÏbonds,€or€if€he€is€guilty€of€professional€misconduct€as€defined€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40„11„126€(1997).€€òòSee€alsoóó€€òòState€v.€Hodgsonóó,€C.C.A.€No.€87„142„III€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ü  ÐApp.€at€Nashville,€Feb.€24,€1988),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€May€31,€1988).Ð ÐÈ  ÐÌà ` àIf€a€trial€court€suspends€a€bondsman€from€making€bonds,€the€bondsman€hasÏa€right€to€receive€notice€of€the€action€taken€and€a€copy€of€the€charges€that€broughtÏabout€the€suspension.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„11„125(b).€€If€the€bondsman€files€aÏwritten€answer€within€twenty€days€of€the€notice€denying€such€charges,€the€trial€courtÏshall€call€a€hearing€within€a€reasonable€time€for€the€purpose€of€taking€testimony€andÏevidence€on€any€issues€of€facts€made€by€the€charges€and€answer.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„11„125(b).€ÌÌà ` àIn€the€present€case,€on€May€2,€1997,€an€òòen€bancóó€panel€of€the€DavidsonÐ È#À  ÐCounty€Criminal€Court€entered€an€order€which€provided€that€ð ð[a]s€the€result€of€theÏactions€of€the€AAA€AARONððS€ACTION€AGENCY€BAIL€BONDS,€INC.€.€.€.€onÏWednesday,€April€23,€1997,€the€company€is€hereby€denied€the€right€to€further€writeÏbail€bonds€in€the€Criminal€Courts€of€Davidson€County.ðð€€In€accordance€with€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„11„125(b),€AAA€filed€a€written€answer€denying€any€allegedÏwrongdoing€in€response€to€the€courtððs€order,€on€May€14,€1997,€twelve€days€afterÏreceiving€notice.€€Sixteen€days€later,€on€May€30,€1997,€AAA€filed€a€notice€of€appealÏto€this€court€complaining€that€no€hearing€had€been€held.ñ=ñ׃ ×ñ=ññ=ñ׃×ñ=ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Ð ,2$+0 Ðñ7ñÌñ7ñÐ Ä5¼.4 Ðà ` àThe€issue€before€this€court€is€not€the€propriety€of€AAAððs€practices€as€a€bailÏbondsman€or€the€merit€of€the€trial€courtððs€order;€rather,€the€concerns€before€thisÏcourt€are€the€procedural€requirements€for€suspending€a€bail€bondsmanððs€authority€toÏwrite€bail€bonds.ÌÌà@µµ'®àò òA.€€Due€Processó óˆÐ ü  Ðà ` àThe€Due€Process€Clause€of€the€Fourteenth€Amendment€and€Article€I,€SectionÏ8€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution€embody€similar€procedural€protections€andÏguarantees.€€òòDoe€v.€Norrisóó,€751€S.W.2d€834,€838€(Tenn.€1988);€òòState€ex€rel.€AnglinÐ tl Ðv.€Mitchellóó,€596€S.W.2d€779,€786€(Tenn.€1980);€òòDaugherty€v.€Stateóó,€216€Tenn.€666,Ð @8 Ð674,€393€S.W.2d€739,€743€(1965),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€384€U.S.€435,€86€S.Ct.€1601€(1966).€Ð   Ѐ€They€prevent€the€government€from€infringing€upon€significant€property€or€libertyÏinterests€without€first€providing€notice€and€an€opportunity€to€be€heard€at€aÏmeaningful€time€and€in€a€meaning€manner.€€òòCleveland€Bd.€of€Educ.€v€Loudermillóó,Ð ph Ð470€U.S.€532,€542,€105€S.Ct.€1487,€1493€(1985);€òòCooper€v.€Williamson€County€Bd.Ð < 4 Ðof€Educ.óó,€803€S.W.2d€200,€202€(Tenn.€1990),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€500€U.S.€916,€111€S.Ct.Ð " Ð2013€(1991).€€However,€before€such€procedural€safeguards€are€required,€severalÏfactors€must€be€established.€€ÌÌà@  #®à1.€€òòProtected€InterestóóˆÐ 8)0"& Ðñ8ññ/ñÌñ/ññ8ñà ` àFirst,€a€constitutionally€protected€liberty€or€property€interest€must€beÏpossessed€by€the€party€allegedly€aggrieved.€€òòBoard€of€Regents€of€State€Colleges€v.Ð Ð,È%* ÐRothóó,€408€U.S.€564,€569„78,€92€S.Ct.€2701,€2705„06,€2709€(1972).€€The€right€toÐ œ.”', Ðengage€in€a€chosen€business,€occupation,€or€profession€without€unreasonableÏgovernmental€interference€or€deprivation€thereof€is€both€a€liberty€and€propertyÏinterest,€protected€by€the€due€process€clauses€of€the€Fifth€and€FourteenthÏAmendments€to€the€United€States€Constitution€and€Article€I€Section€8€of€theÏTennessee€Constitution.€€òòSeeóó€€òòCleveland€Bd.€of€Educ.€v.€Loudermillóó,€470€U.S.€atÐ ˜706 Ð543,€105€S.Ct.€at€1494;€òòsee€alsoóó€€òòLivesay€v.€Tennessee€Board€of€Examiners€inÐ d9\28 ÐWatchmakingóó,€204€Tenn.€500,€322€S.W.2d€209€(1959).€òòHarbison€v.,€Knoxville€IronÐ  ÐCompanyóó,€103€Tenn.€421,€53€S.W.€955€(1899),€òòaffððd€byóó,€183€U.S.€13,€22€S.Ct.€1Ð ÔÌ Ð(1901).€€Although€the€bail€bond€business€is€closely€related€to€the€criminal€justiceÏsystem€requiring€strict€regulation€by€the€government,€it€is€still€a€business€and€onceÏthe€court€grants€the€right€to€engage€in€such€business,€the€right€to€pursue€thatÏbusiness€becomes€a€right.€€Thus,€we€conclude€that€the€deprivation€of€oneððs€right€toÏengage€in€the€bail€bond€business€is€a€judicial€act€that€must€meet€the€requirements€ofÏdue€process€of€law.€€òòValidity,€Construction,€and€Application€of€Statutes€RegulatingÐ œ”  ÐBail€Bond€Businessòòóó,€13€A.L.R.3d€óó618,€638€(1967€&€1997€Supp.);€òòsee,€e.g.óó,€€òòIn€reÐ ld ÐGreeneóó,€130€A.2d€593€(Mun.Ct.App.€D.C.€1957);€òòState€v.€Parrishóó,€254€N.C.€301,€118Ð <4 ÐS.E.2d€786€(1961);€òòSmith€v.€Deckeróó,€312€S.W.2d€632€(Tex.€1958);€òòState€ex€rel.Ð  ÐWeaver€v.€Dostertóó,€300€S.E.2d€102€(W.Va.€1983).€€òòBut€cf.óó,€òòTaylor€v.€Waddeyóó,€206Ð ÔÌ ÐTenn.€497,€334€S.W.2d€733,€735€(1960)€(quoting€òòIn€re€Carteróó,€192€F.2d€15,€18€(D.C.Ð  ˜ ÐCir.),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€342€U.S.€862,€72€S.Ct.€89€(1951)€(Prettyman,€J.,€dissenting)).Ð ld ÐÌà ` à€€Additionally,€there€must€be€a€deprivation€of€that€interest€by€the€government.€ÏòòSeeóó€€òòRowe€v.€Board€of€Educ.€of€City€of€Chattanoogaóó,€938€S.W.2d€351,€354€(Tenn.Ð Ð#È  Ð1996),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€„„€U.S.€„„,€117€S.Ct.€1271€(1997)€(citation€omitted).€€The€CriminalÐ œ%”" ÐCourt€of€Davidson€County€suspended€AAAððs€right€to€write€bail€bonds,€thus,€deprivingÏAAA€of€its€right€to€engage€in€business€and€earn€a€livelihood.€€ÌÌà ` àOnce€it€is€determined€that€due€process€applies,€the€interests€of€AAA€and€theÏgovernment€must€be€weighed€to€determine€what€process€is€due€and€whetherÏdeprivation€has€occurred.€€òòFederal€Deposit€Ins.€Corp.€v.€Mallenóó,€486€U.S.€230,€240,Ð d0\). Ð108€S.Ct.€1780,€1787€(1988);€€òòBoard€of€Regents€of€State€Colleges€v.€Rothóó,€408€U.S.Ð 02(+0 Ðat€569„570,€92€S.Ct.€at€2705.€€In€determining€what€process€is€due,€we€are€mindfulÏthat€the€constitutional€guaranties€are€flexible€standards€based€upon€the€concept€ofÏfairness€and€reasonableness.€€16C€òòC.J.S.€óóòòConstitutional€Lawóó€ðð€967€(1985).€Ð ”7Œ06 ÐÐ d9\28 Ðà@)®à2.€€òòNoticeóóˆÐ  Ðà ` àDue€process€requires€ð ðnotice€reasonably€calculated€under€all€theÏcircumstances,€to€apprise€interested€partiesðð€of€the€claims€of€the€opposing€parties.€ÏòòMcClellan€v.€Board€of€Regents€of€State€Universityóó,€921€S.W.2d€684,€688€(Tenn.Ð l d Ð1996)€(citing€òòMullane€v.€Central€Hanover€Bank€&€Trust€Co.óó,€339€U.S.€306,€314,€70Ð 80 ÐS.Ct.€652,€657€(1950)).€€The€purpose€of€due€process€requirements€is€to€notify€theÏindividual€in€advance€in€order€to€allow€adequate€preparation€and€reduce€surprise.€ÏòòIdóó.€(citing€òòMemphis€Light,€Gas€and€Water€Division€v.€Craftóó,€436€U.S.€1,€14,€98€S.Ct.Ð œ”  Ð1554,€1562„63€(1978)).€€In€other€words,€the€contents€of€the€notice€cannot€beÏambiguous€or€obscure;€they€must€clearly€inform€the€person€of€the€nature€of€theÏcharge€against€him.€€òòSeeóó€€òòTurk€v.€Franklin€Special€School€Dist.óó,€640€S.W.2d€218,Ð ø Ð220€(Tenn.€1982).€€To€comport€with€these€notions€of€fair€play,€the€means€employedÏshould€equal€or€exceed€that€which€one€desirous€of€actually€informing€the€oppositeÏparty€would€employ.€€òòIdóó.€€(citations€omitted).€€Under€these€standards,€the€trial€courtððsÐ d\ ÐMay€2€order€suspending€AAA€from€writing€bail€bonds€ð ðas€the€result€of€the€actions€ofÏ[AAA]€on€Wednesday,€April€23,€1997"€cannot€be€held€sufficient€to€adequatelyÏapprise€AAA€of€the€charges€to€be€met.€€Thus,€notice€was€constitutionally€inadequate.€ÌÌà@óó!®à3.€€òòOpportunity€to€be€HeardóóˆÐ `'X $ Ðà ` à€In€addition€to€guaranteeing€a€person€with€notice,€due€process€provides€anÏopportunity€to€be€heard.€€The€opportunity€to€present€reasons,€either€in€person€or€inÏwriting,€why€a€proposed€action€should€not€be€taken€is€a€fundamental€due€processÏrequirement.€€òòCleveland€Bd.€of€Educ.€v.€Loudermillóó,€470€U.S.€at€546,€105€S.Ct.€atÐ .ˆ', Ð1495€(citation€omitted).€€However,€procedural€due€process€does€not€necessarilyÏrequire€a€prior€hearing€in€every€instance.€€òòFederal€Deposit€Ins.€Corp.€v.€Mallenóó,€486Ð (2 +0 ÐU.S.€at€240,€108€S.Ct.€at€1788;€€òòState€ex€rel.€Hayes€v.€Civil€Service€Comððn€ofÐ ô3ì,2 ÐMetropolitan€Government€of€Nashville€and€Davidson€Countyóó,€No.€01„A„01„9002„Ð À5¸.4 ÐCH00061€(Tenn.€App.€at€Nashville,€Oct.€31,€1990),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.Ð Œ7„06 ÐMay€26,€1992).€€Ð X9P28 Їà ` àThe€Due€Process€Clause€requires€the€provision€of€a€hearing€ð ðat€a€meaningfulÏtime.ðð€€òòCleveland€Bd.€of€Educ.€v.€Loudermillòòóó,€óó470€U.S.€at€547,€105€S.Ct.€at€1496.€€AÐ ÔÌ Ðpost„decision€hearing€will€suffice€as€long€as€it€is€held€within€a€reasonable€time€in€lightÏof€the€issues€and€interests€at€stake.€€òòIdóó.€(citations€omitted).€€Although€a€post„decisionÐ p h Ðhearing€is€often€sufficient,€the€promptness€in€which€one€is€held€is€of€constitutionalÏconcern.€€òòCivil€Service€Comððn€of€Metropolitan€Government€of€Nashville€andÐ   ÐDavidson€Countyóó,€No.€01„A„01„9002„CH00061€(citing€òòBrock€v.€Roadway€Express,Ð ÔÌ  ÐInc.óó,€481€U.S.€252,€267,€107€S.Ct.€1740,€1750€(1987);€òòCleveland€Bd.€of€Educ.€v.Ð  ˜  ÐLoudermillóó,€470€U.S.€at€547,€105€S.Ct.€at€1496;€òòBarry€v.€Barchióó,€433€U.S.€at€66,€99Ð ld ÐS.Ct.€at€2650).€€Even€though€there€is€a€point€at€which€an€unjustified€delay€inÏcompleting€a€post„deprivation€proceeding€would€become€a€constitutional€violation,Ïthe€significance€of€such€a€delay€cannot€be€evaluated€in€a€vacuum.€€òòFederal€DepositÐ ÐÈ ÐIns.€Corp.€v.€Mallenóó,€486€U.S.€at€242,€108€S.Ct.€at€1788.€€No€precise€rules€exist€toÐ œ” Ðdetermine€whether€a€delay€in€holding€a€hearing€rises€to€the€level€of€a€constitutionalÏproblem.€€Rather,€the€importance€of€the€private€interest€and€the€harm€to€this€interestÏoccasioned€by€the€delay;€the€governmentððs€interest€and€its€reason€for€the€delay;€andÏthe€likelihood€that€the€pre„hearing€decision€is€erroneous€are€examined€and€weighedÏagainst€each€other.€€òòFederal€Deposit€Ins.€Corp.€v.€Mallenóó,€486€U.S.€at€242,€108€S.Ct.Ð ˜%" Ðat€1788.Ì€€€€€Ìà ` àIn€the€present€case,€our€determination€of€whether€the€trial€courtððs€delay€inÏproviding€AAA€with€a€hearing€is€unreasonable€is€skewed€by€AAAððs€action€of€filing€aÏnotice€of€appeal€to€this€court€sixteen€days€after€its€answer€to€the€Criminal€Court€wasÏfiled.€€By€AAAððs€filing€of€a€notice€of€appeal,€the€trial€court€was€divested€of€jurisdictionÏover€the€matter€and€was,€therefore,€without€the€authority€to€hold€a€post„decisionÏhearing.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.Pendergrassóó,€937€S.W.2d€834,€837€(Tenn.€1996);€òòState€v.Ð ø3ð,2 ÐApplegateóó,€No.€01C01„9608„CR„00370€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Nashville,€Mar.€17,Ð Ä5¼.4 Ð1998),€òòrehððg€deniedóó,€(Apr.€16,€1998).€€Thus,€the€trial€courtððs€August€18,1997€order,Ð 7ˆ06 Ðas€it€relates€to€the€present€matter,€òòsupraóó€note€2,€is€void€as€it€was€beyond€theÐ \9T28 Ðjurisdiction€of€the€court.€€òòPendergrassóó,€937€S.W.2d€at€837.€€From€anotherÐ  Ðperspective,€AAAððs€appeal€was€filed€prematurely€as€it€had€not€exhausted€all€first€tierÏreview€procedures.€In€effect,€AAAððs€action€of€filing€a€notice€of€appeal€sixteen€daysÏafter€it€filed€its€response€to€the€courtððs€May€2€order€can€only€challenge€theÏreasonableness€of€the€sixteen€day€delay€between€the€filing€of€a€response€and€theÏnotice€of€appeal.ÌÌà ` àBecause€no€evidence€has€been€presented€from€which€this€court€can€weighÏthe€interests€involved,€we€cannot€conduct€a€thorough€balancing€of€the€competingÏinterests.€€However,€we€remain€cognizant€of€the€fact€that,€ð ðinherent€in€anyÏbureaucracy,€.€.€.€€is€a€certain€amount€of€inefficiency€and€delay,€and€the€mereÏallegation€of€delay€without€an€explanation€of€why€the€delay€is€unreasonable€does€notÏsupport€a€claim€for€due€process.ðð€€òò€Slugocki€v.€United€States€by€and€through€Dept.€ofÐ ˜ ÐLaboróó,€988€F.€Supp.€1443,€1447€(S.D.€Fla.€1997).€€Accordingly,€even€though€AAAÐ d\ Ðwas€denied€its€source€of€livelihood,€we€cannot€conclude€that€sixteen€daysÏconstituted€an€unreasonable€delay.Ìñ9ñÌñ9ñÌà@)®àò òConclusionó óˆÐ `'X $ ÐÌà ` àThe€òòen€bancóó€order€of€May€2,€suspending€AAAððs€authority€to€write€bail€bñ:ññ/ñañ/ññ:ñondsÐ +ü#( Ðin€the€Criminal€Courts€of€Davidson€County,€remains€in€effect.€€This€case€isÏremanded€to€the€Criminal€Court€with€instructions€to€amend,€with€particularity,€theÏgrounds€upon€which€it€relies€in€suspending€AAAððs€authority€to€write€bonds.€€AsÏstatutorily€provided,€if€œñ@ñthe›€bondsmanñ@ññAñAAAñAñ›€files€a€written€answer€within€twenty€days€of€the€noticeÏdenying€such€charges,€the€trial€court€shall€call€a€hearing€within€a€reasonable€time€forÏthe€purpose€of€taking€testimony€and€evidence€on€any€issues€of€facts€made€by€theÏcharges€and€answer.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„11„125(b).€ÌÐ h9`28 ÐÓÓñ;ñÌÌÌñ;ñÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à____________________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JudgeÌÌñ<ñÌÌñ<ñÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JudgeÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌJERRY€L.€SMITH,€Judge€Ì