ÿWPCT hW.{KÊ{x!ÐV…IÖÓ^H§ê'Ø*9ƒ, ^ÎU :µ”k3gx¬†ó¯eÀo]N±'§B¥gS?qû¡)Fkù‘Ì kÊv1&ÑT%q.ŽœÓE9vÿ9“½XÚU¨È Wk3.©çÚQ»ˆ*vsR_$~ùñ™ë•Ó¦ýHõ< ^Æ ÌÞâ¦F ´W-»ó·0udë¦* ”rv(GQ4 þ§!ÜôÄÍ“­çP=íû»7dd¾9š¨M›'M¯{ ±òŠç @‡SWêã©]E©/ó—6ç¯ÍARаfG®Ï6W%{|ÀaÇÜú%g牦ÏIBèþŒü¨Ój°V¬¿],0tÅsœH ~¿4°­í»ß'¯5Ê â5÷¯gÍ_Eøfµ¥ ò¦Ž¢e`ŠsÆ£<õñ¶ð5Ò·iÌFL¥îp$»p Ñ+Þ«@èJøä§•qѰä2ߌFo3IHËppXàu¤ÕÜøjŒ§u´,‘¸{»žŠ¥lÊžNYP,¶Z(]랬keBåR¸ ,t(õ hûˆÀ‚„­oW¤¹5m…š2{hëÀÅ~JK¾zK)áôâB}h3ñ+Óáùi•‚{|âcQ~UÕò£¼cb %\b 0ˆjU Nò 0D@^ „w z”Ò 4à ô  m Æ Æâ ƨ Æn #Á4 NõU!N÷÷EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEbGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG 0ëOOOO B:: 0¤W D5û D-0 0K]] AS¨Æû 0¤Á 0De A«©» (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó"n+â  ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptHEô*4`¡k2ü“©3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5˜HP LaserJet 8000 Series PSØÚØÚÚØØÚ0(ÆúI Z‹6Times New Roman Regular- ù-(|G2¬$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€d»»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô`ˆò»»Ô d(|3Eî$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€d»»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3Eî$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€d»»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€ü»»d dÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ‡»Ba»»»ÔÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼Ba»»»BaÔÑ8€z|XXdê»»d 8ÑÑ  Ñà@ttìàÔ‡î^°î»¼BaÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@õõ%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†¼Ba»îî^°+#ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  ÓAugust€7,€2001€SessionÐ üL ÐÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔÌò òÔ#†¼Ba»XXý#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€ALAN€LAWRENCE€ADLERÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Ô_ÔFayetteÔ_Ô€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€4945€€€€€€Jon€Kerry€Blackwood,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÌà@@TTìàNo.€W2001„00178„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€August€29,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€petitioner€was€indicted€for€aggravated€child€neglect€of€a€child€under€six€years€of€age,€a€Class€AÐ xÈ  Ðfelony.€€Following€a€trial,€a€Ô_ÔFayetteÔ_Ô€County€jury€convicted€him€of€the€lesser€offense€of€recklessÐ d´ Ðendangerment,€a€Class€A€misdemeanor.€€The€petitioner,€pursuant€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„32„101,Ð P  Ðpetitioned€for€the€destruction€of€the€public€records€Ô#†¼Ba»XXýŽ#ÔÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔconcerning€his€arrest€and€prosecution€for€theÐ <Œ Ðfelony€charge€on€which€he€was€acquitted.€€The€trial€court€ordered€that€all€records€relating€to€theÐ (x Ðpetitioner's€arrest€and€prosecution€be€expunged,€except€those€records€relating€to€recklessÐ d Ðendangerment.€€In€this€appeal,€the€state€argues€the€petitioner€was€not€entitled€to€expungement€sinceÐ P Ðhe€was€convicted€of€a€lesser„included€offense.€€The€petitioner€argues€this€court€is€without€jurisdictionÐ ì< Ðto€hear€the€stateððs€appeal€as€a€matter€of€right;€the€trial€court€properly€ordered€expungement;€and€theÐ Ø( Ðtrial€court€erroneously€charged€reckless€endangerment€as€a€lesser„included€offense€of€aggravatedÐ Ä Ðchild€neglectÔ#†¼Ba»XXýß#ÔÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔ.€€After€a€thorough€review€of€the€record,€we€conclude€(1)€the€state€appeal€as€of€right€isÐ ° Ðproperly€before€this€court;€(2)€records€relating€to€the€petitioner's€arrest€and€prosecution€are€notÐ œì Ðsubject€to€expungement;€and€(3)€petitioner€may€not€collaterally€attack€his€conviction€on€a€lesserÐ ˆØ Ðoffense€in€an€expungement€action.€€Accordingly,€we€reverse€the€trial€court's€order€of€expungement.€Ð tÄ ÐÌÓõÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Reversed;Ð 8!ˆ  ÐRemandedÔ#†¼Ba»XXý? #ÔÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔó óÐ $"t! ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼Ba»àXýÖ #ÔÔ‡XýX.¼BaÔJoe€G.€Riley,óó€J.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€G.€HayesÔ#†¼Ba»àXý@ #ÔÔ‡XýX.¼BaÔóó€and€òòAlan€E.€Glennóó,Ð ü#L# ÐJJ.,€joined.Ô#†¼Ba»XXýÕ #ÔÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔÐ è$8 $ ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼Ba»XXýT#ÔÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Kim€R.€Helper,Ô#†¼Ba»XXý²#ÔÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔ€Assistant€Attorney€General;Ô#†¼Ba»XXý2#ÔÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔÐ À&"& ÐElizabeth€T.€Rice,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Ryan€D.€Brown,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ ¬'ü"' ÐGeneral,€for€the€appellant,€State€of€Tennessee.Ô#†¼Ba»XXý#ÔÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔÐ ˜(è#( ÐÌRobert€L.€Hutton,€Memphis,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellee,€Alan€Lawrence€Adler.Ð p*À%* ÐÔ#†¼Ba»XXý‡#ÔÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔÌÓ Óò òÌÐ 4-„(-ý ÐÔ_ÔOPINIONó óÔ#†¼Ba»XXý@#ÔÔ‡XýX»¼BaÔÐ ° ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼Ba»XXýÊ#ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XýX»¼BaÔà  àà ` àà ¸ àà@¢¢"ìàò òI.€€JURISDICTIONó óˆÐ ˆØ ÐÌò òó óà  àThe€petitioner€alleges€that€this€court€may€review€this€appeal€only€as€a€petition€for€writ€ofÐ `° Ðcertiorari.€€The€petitioner€specifically€argues€that€the€state's€authority€to€appeal€as€a€matter€of€rightÐ L œ Ðis€limited€to€instances€specifically€provided€in€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(c),€which€states:Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌÒ°ÒÒ°ÒIn€criminal€actions€an€appeal€as€of€right€by€the€state€lies€only€from€an€order€orÐ  ` Ðjudgment€entered€by€a€trial€court€from€which€an€appeal€lies€to€the€Supreme€Court€orÐ ü L  ÐCourt€of€Criminal€Appeals:€€(1)€the€substantive€effect€of€which€results€in€dismissingÐ è 8  Ðan€indictment,€information,€or€complaint;€€(2)€setting€aside€a€verdict€of€guilty€andÐ Ô$  Ðentering€a€judgment€of€acquittal;€€(3)€arresting€judgment;€€(4)€granting€or€refusing€toÐ À  Ðrevoke€probation;€€or€(5)€remanding€a€child€to€the€juvenile€court.€€The€state€may€alsoÐ ¬ü  Ðappeal€as€of€right€from€a€final€judgment€in€a€habeas€corpus,€extradition,€orÐ ˜è  Ðpost-conviction€proceeding.Ð „Ô  ÐÒ°"ÒÒ°0Òà  àÌà  àTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(b)€governs€the€appellate€court's€jurisdiction€of€a€direct€appeal€initiated€byÐ \¬ Ða€defendant€in€a€criminal€case:€€Ð H˜ ÐÌÒ°ÒÒ°ÒIn€criminal€actions€an€appeal€as€of€right€by€a€defendant€lies€from€any€judgment€ofÐ  p Ðconviction€entered€by€a€trial€court€from€which€an€appeal€lies€to€the€Supreme€CourtÐ  \ Ðor€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals:€€(1)€on€a€plea€of€not€guilty;€€and€(2)€on€a€plea€of€guiltyÐ øH Ðor€nolo€contendere,€if€the€defendant€entered€into€a€plea€agreement€but€explicitlyÐ ä4 Ðreserved€with€the€consent€of€the€state€and€the€trial€court€the€right€to€appeal€a€certifiedÐ Ð  Ðquestion€of€law€dispositive€of€the€action,€or€if€the€defendant€seeks€review€of€theÐ ¼  Ðsentence€and€there€was€no€plea€agreement€concerning€the€sentence,€or€if€the€issuesÐ ¨ø Ðpresented€for€review€were€not€waived€as€a€matter€of€law€by€the€plea€of€guilty€or€noloÐ ”ä Ðcontendere€and€if€such€issues€are€apparent€from€the€record€of€the€proceedings€alreadyÐ €Ð Ðhad.€€The€defendant€may€also€appeal€as€of€right€from€an€order€denying€or€revokingÐ l¼ Ðprobation,€and€from€a€final€judgment€in€a€criminal€contempt,€habeas€corpus,Ð X ¨ Ðextradition,€or€post-conviction€proceeding.Ð D!” ÐÒ°>ÒÒ°0ÒÌà  àNeither€of€the€above€provisions€expressly€grants€a€petitioner€or€the€state€the€right€to€appealÐ #l! Ðan€expungement€matter.€€This€court€has€held€that€the€state€cannot€appeal€as€of€right€the€trial€courtððsÐ $X" Ðunilateral€decision€to€reduce€the€sentence€in€a€negotiated€plea€agreement.€€òòState€v.€Leathóó,€977€S.W.2dÐ ô$D # Ð132,€135€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1998).€€The€court€noted€that€none€of€the€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(c)Ð à%0!$ Ðprovisions€applied;€nevertheless,€the€court€treated€the€appeal€as€a€petition€for€writ€of€certiorari.€€òòIdóó.€Ð Ì&"% ÐHowever,€this€court€has€interpreted€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(b)€to€allow€a€petitioner€an€appeal€as€of€rightÐ ¸'#& Ðfrom€a€trial€court's€order€denying€the€expungement€of€records.€€òòSeeóóòòState€v.€McCaryóó,€815€S.W.2dÐ ¤(ô#' Ð220,€221€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€òòMcCaryóó€is€more€closely€in€point€than€òòLeathóó.€€Although€òòMcCaryóóÐ )à$( Ðâ âconcerned€a€petitionerððs,€not€the€stateððs,€appeal€as€a€matter€of€right,€ð ðwhat€is€good€for€the€goose€isÐ |*Ì%) Ðgood€for€the€gander.ðð€€Accordingly,€we€treat€the€appeal€as€one€of€right€pursuant€to€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.Ð ° Ð3(c).€Ð œì Ðâ âÌÌà@Ð Ð ìàò òII.€€DESTRUCTION€OF€RECORDSó óˆÐ `° ÐÌà  àThe€issue€of€whether€the€expungement€statute€applies€when€a€person€is€acquitted€of€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðindicted€offense,€but€convicted€of€a€lesser„included€offense,€is€not€specifically€addressed€by€theÐ $ t Ðstatute.€€The€controlling€statute€provides:€€Ð  ` ÐÌÒ°ÒÒ°ÒAll€public€records€of€a€person€who€has€been€charged€with€a€misdemeanor€or€a€felony,Ð è 8  Ðand€which€charge€has€been€dismissed,€or€a€no€true€bill€returned€by€a€grand€jury,€or€aÐ Ô$  Ðverdict€of€not€guilty€returned€by€a€jury€or€a€conviction€which€has€by€appeal€beenÐ À  Ðreversed,€and€all€public€records€of€a€person€who€was€arrested€and€released€withoutÐ ¬ü  Ðbeing€charged,€shall,€upon€petition€by€that€person€to€the€court€having€jurisdiction€inÐ ˜è  Ðsuch€previous€action,€be€removed€and€destroyed€without€cost€to€such€person.€.€.€.Ð „Ô  ÐÒ°Æ#ÒÒ°Ô#ÒÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„32„101(a)(1).€€Ð \¬ Ðà  àÌà  àThe€petitioner€argues€that€this€statute€requires€the€trial€court€to€destroy€all€records€that€pertainÐ 4„ Ðto€the€petitioner's€arrest€and€prosecution,€except€those€relating€to€the€lesser€misdemeanor€offense.€Ð  p ÐIn€support€of€his€argument,€the€petitioner€òòóórelies€upon€òòEslick€v.€Stateóó,€942€S.W.2d€559,€560€(Tenn.Ð  \ ÐCrim.€App.€1996);€òòState€v.€Liddleóó,€929€S.W.2d€415€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996);€and€òòMcCaryóó,€815Ð øH ÐS.W.2d€at€òòóó221.€€The€state€relies€upon€òòState€v.€John€Wayne€Slateóó,€C.C.A.€No.€03C01„9511„CC„00352,Ð ä4 Ð1996€WL€596948,€at€*2€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€filed€October€18,€1996,€at€Knoxville),€òòperm.€to€app.Ð Ð  Ðdenied€óó(Tenn.€1997).€€Ð ¼  ÐÌà  àIn€òòMcCaryóó,€the€petitioner€was€charged€in€three€separate€indictments.€€òòóóThe€petitioner€pledÐ ”ä Ðguilty€to€one€of€the€indictments,€and€the€trial€court€dismissed€the€remaining€two€indictments€uponÐ €Ð Ðthe€state's€motion.€€òòóóThis€court€held€that€the€trial€court€had€no€discretion€in€determining€whether€theÐ l¼ Ðrecords€of€the€dismissed€indictments€should€be€destroyed€and€ordered€the€destruction€of€suchÐ X ¨ Ðrecords.€€òòóóòòMcCaryóó,€815€S.W.2d€at€222.€€Ð D!” ÐÌà  àIn€òòEslickóó,€the€petitioner€was€charged€in€a€multiple„count€single€indictment,€but€he€wasÐ #l! Ðconvicted€of€only€one€count.€€òòóóThe€petitioner€filed€a€motion€to€expunge€the€records€of€the€counts€onÐ $X" Ðwhich€he€was€acquitted.€€òòóóWe€held€the€trial€court€improperly€denied€his€motion€for€expungement;Ð ô$D # Ðhowever,€we€noted€that€if€it€were€impossible€to€redact€information€related€to€the€acquitted€countsÐ à%0!$ Ðwithout€destroying€information€related€to€the€convicted€counts,€then€expungement€would€beÐ Ì&"% Ðimproper.€€òòóóòòEslickóó,€942€S.W.2d€at€560.€€Ð ¸'#& ÐÌà  àIn€òòLiddleóó,€the€petitioner€pled€guilty€to€one€count€of€a€six€count€indictment.€€òòóóThe€petitionerÐ )à$( Ðâ âthen€sought€to€have€the€records€of€the€remaining€five€counts€destroyed,€which€was€denied€by€the€trialÐ |*Ì%) Ðcourt.€€òòóóOn€appeal,€this€court€held€the€trial€court€erred€by€refusing€to€order€expungement€on€the€fiveÐ ° Ðð ðchargesðð€that€were€dismissed.€€òòLiddleóó,€929€S.W.2d€at€415.€€Ð œì Ðâ âÌà  àThe€òòSlateóó€court€encountered€a€different€situation€from€the€aforementioned€cases.€€In€òòSlateóó,Ð tÄ Ðthe€petitioner€was€indicted€and€convicted€of€first€degree€murder.€€òòóóOn€appeal,€this€court€reduced€theÐ `° Ðpetitioner's€conviction€to€second€degree€murder.€€òòóóThe€petitioner€then€petitioned€for€expungement€ofÐ L œ Ðthe€records€relating€to€his€first€degree€murder€prosecution,€which€was€denied€by€the€trial€court.€€òòóóThisÐ 8 ˆ Ðcourt€upheld€the€trial€court's€ruling€stating€that€"[t]he€expunction€statute€appears€to€provide€reliefÐ $ t Ðonly€in€situations€where€.€.€.€criminal€charges€fail€to€result€in€any€conviction."€€òòóóòòSlateóó,€1996€WLÐ  ` Ð596948,€at€*2.€€We€conclude€that€the€òòSlateóó€rationale€controls€the€case€òòsub€judiceóóòòóó.Ð ü L  ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€argues€the€instant€situation€differs€from€òòSlateóóbecause€the€petitioner€inÐ Ô$  ÐòòSlateóówas€originally€convicted€by€the€jury€of€the€greater€offense,€while€the€petitioner€in€the€instantÐ À  Ðcase€was€acquitted€of€the€greater€offense€that€he€seeks€to€expunge.€€However,€in€each€of€theÐ ¬ü  Ðpetitionerððs€proffered€cases,€this€court€ordered€expungement€in€a€situation€where€the€petitioner€wasÐ ˜è  Ðeither€acquitted€of€the€charged€offense,€or€the€charged€offense€was€dismissed.€€The€petitioner€doesÐ „Ô  Ðnot€cite€us€authority,€nor€do€we€find€any,€where€the€expungement€statute€was€applied€when€theÐ pÀ Ðpetitioner€was€acquitted€of€the€indicted€offense€but€convicted€of€a€lesser„included€offense.€Ð \¬ ÐTherefore,€the€trial€court€erred€in€ordering€expungement.€€Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àWe€are€sympathetic€with€petitionerððs€argument€that€he€was€charged€with€a€stigmatizing€ClassÐ  p ÐA€felony€but€only€convicted€of€a€lesser„included€misdemeanor€offense.€€However,€we€are€unable€toÐ  \ Ðdistinguish€òòSlateóó.€€We,€therefore,€conclude€that€this€matter€is€more€appropriately€addressed€to€theÐ øH Ðlegislature,€which€has€the€ability,€if€it€so€desires,€to€amend€the€statute€to€cover€a€situation€like€the€oneÐ ä4 Ðpresented€in€this€appeal.€€Ð Ð  ÐÌò òÌà@ ìàIII.€€LESSER„INCLUDED€OFFENSEó óˆÐ ”ä ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€attempts€to€collaterally€attack€his€conviction€of€reckless€endangerment,Ð l¼ Ðcontending€it€is€not€a€lesser„included€offense€of€aggravated€child€neglect.€€The€petitioner€did€not€seekÐ X ¨ Ða€direct€appeal€of€his€conviction,€nor€has€he€attacked€the€conviction€by€habeas€corpus€or€post„Ð D!” Ðconviction€relief.€€A€facially€valid€judgment€in€a€court€with€proper€jurisdiction€cannot€be€collaterallyÐ 0"€  Ðattacked€except€by€authorized€routes€of€attack.€€òòState€v.€McClintockóó,€732€S.W.2d€268,€271€(Tenn.Ð #l! Ð1987).€€The€expungement€statute€is€predicated€upon€a€òòprioróó€dismissal,€no€true€bill,€not€guilty€verdict,Ð $X" Ðor€appellate€reversal€of€the€conviction.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„32„101(a)(1).€€A€collateral€attackÐ ô$D # Ðon€a€conviction€via€a€petition€for€expungement€is€not€an€authorized€route€of€collateral€attack.€Ð à%0!$ ÐFurthermore,€the€petition€for€expungement€does€not€allege€this€as€a€basis€for€expungement,€and€thereÐ Ì&"% Ðis€no€indication€in€the€record€that€the€matter€was€ever€raised€in€the€trial€court.€€Petitionerððs€argumentÐ ¸'#& Ðlacks€merit.€€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌÌÐ h+¸&* Ðà@FF%ìàò òCONCLUSIONó óˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àBased€on€the€foregoing,€we€conclude€that€(1)€the€state€may€appeal€as€a€matter€of€right€anÐ ˆØ Ðorder€for€the€expungement€of€records;€(2)€expungement€of€records€is€not€available€when€theÐ tÄ Ðpetitioner€is€convicted€of€a€lesser„included€offense€and€is€seeking€to€expunge€a€greater€chargedÐ `° Ðoffense;€and€(3)€a€petitioner€may€not€collaterally€attack€a€conviction€in€an€expungement€action.€€TheÐ L œ Ðjudgment€of€the€trial€court€is€reversed,€and€the€case€is€remanded€for€entry€of€an€order€consistent€withÐ 8 ˆ Ðthis€opinion.€€Ð $ t ÐÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð è 8  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOE€G.€RILEY,€JUDGEÔ#†Xz|XXXý{#Ô