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XXXSS\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X7&  d dG)1dxd<:zTop of For7J(X7  ?T%2A`Arial?  XXXSS\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X7G)2dxd0KS.SampleKQ<6X9`(Courier NewKSS\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterKQ<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXSS\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB  <6X9`(Courier New(|G2A$ !.8dd8         0  M\  `&Times New Roman%2A`Arial RA$      2  M  _ԀIntherecord,thiswitnessisalsoreferredtoasDawn_Godner_. d(#$  0  (|3v$ !.8dd8     VVVV)!dxdx)!dxdx( $ Figure  1    RA$      1  M  _ԀAtthetimeoftherapes,thepetitionerandhiswifewereseparatedandMrs._Aldridge_Ԁhadfiledfordivorce.^_X`YE<<CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3v$ !.8dd8     ($$   1  X[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8C HKKKK !.8dd8     _   8EXXdd8@tt$INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @kk$ATNASHVILLE#$ #Ԉ &    @  @` AssignedonBriefsMay21,2002 L XEX #XXE#GARYEUGENE_ALDRIDGE_v.STATEOFTENNESSEEXEX  J @@ DirectAppealfromtheCircuitCourtfor_Hickman_ԀCounty  J @@No.005066CIITimothyL.Easter,Judge  6 @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.M200102452CCAR3PCFiledNovember19,2002   AV) ` dE<|` A }     Thepetitioner,GaryEugene_Aldridge_,wasconvictedbyajuryintheCircuitCourtof_Hickman_ x  Countyofonecountofaggravated_kidnapping_,twocountsofaggravatedrape,onecountofrape, d andtwocountsofsimpleassault.Thetrialcourtsentencedthepetitionertoaneffectivesentence P ofsixtyyearsincarcerationintheTennesseeDepartmentofCorrection,followedbyaneffective < consecutivesentenceofseventeenmonthsandtwentyninedaysinthelocalworkhouse.Afteran (x unsuccessfulappealofhisconvictions,thepetitionertimelyfiledapetitionforpostconvictionrelief, d alleging,amongothergrounds,ineffectiveassistanceofcounsel. Thepetitionernowbringsthis P appealchallengingthepostconvictioncourtsdenialofhispetition.Afterreviewingtherecordand < thepartiesbriefs,weaffirmthejudgmentofthepostconvictioncourt. (  Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentoftheCircuitCourtisAffirmed.     #XEٹ#XEX.NormaMcGeeOgle,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichJosephM._Tipton_andJohn  EverettWilliams,JJ.,joined. t EdwardS.Ryan,Nashville,Tennessee,fortheappellant,GaryEugene_Aldridge_. L  PaulG.Summers,AttorneyGeneralandReporter;DavidH._Findley_,AssistantAttorneyGeneral; $"t! andRonaldL.Davis,DistrictAttorneyGeneral,fortheappellee,StateofTennessee. #`"  @@OO& OPINION #XXE$ #XEX $8 $  I.FactualBackground  %$!%      ` OnMay9,1997,thepetitionerwasconvictedbyajuryofonecountofaggravated &"& _kidnapping_,twocountsofaggravatedrape,onecountofrape,andtwocountsofsimpleassault.#XXE #XEXThe '"' convictionsstemfromaseriesofincidentsinwhichthepetitionerbeatandrapedhiswife,EttaMae (#( _Aldridge_._\ W#  1      _Ԁ#XXEك#XEXԀThetrialcourtimposedaneffectivesentenceofsixtyyearsconfinementintheTennessee )$) DepartmentofCorrection,followedbyaneffectiveconsecutivesentenceofseventeenmonthsand p*%* twentyninedaysinthelocalworkhouse.#XXE#XEXԀOndirectappeal,thiscourtaffirmedtheconvictionsand \+&+ _sentences,andtheTennesseeSupremeCourtdeniedpermissiontoappeal.Statev.GaryEugene  Aldridge,No.01C019802CC00075,1999Tenn.Crim.App.LEXIS853(Nashville,Aug.19,  1999),perm.toappealdenied,(Tenn.2000).     ` Thepetitionertimelyfiledaprosepetitionforpostconvictionrelief,alleging ` nineteengroundsforrelief.OnAugust31,2000,thepostconvictioncourtenteredanorder L  appointingcounselanddenyingthemajorityofthepetitionersclaimsaswaivedforfailureto 8  presenttheclaimsfordeterminationondirectappeal.However,thepostconvictioncourtfoundthe $ t petitionersclaimofineffectiveassistanceofcounseltobeacolorableclaimforrelief.Anamended  ` petitionwassubsequentlyfiledand,onFebruary8,2001,thepostconvictioncourtheldan  L  evidentiaryhearingatwhichthepetitionerandhistrialcounseltestified.Attheconclusionofthe  8  testimony,thepostconvictioncourttookthematterunderadvisementandorderedthepartiesto $  submitbriefsbeforethecourtrenderedadecision.Inhisfinalargumenttothepostconvictioncourt,   thepetitionerassertedonlytwogroundsinsupportofhisclaimofineffectiveassistanceofcounsel.   First,thepetitionerarguedthattrialcounseldeniedthepetitionerhisrighttotestifyattrial.Second,   thepetitionerarguedthattrialcounselfailedtoadequatelyinvestigatethepetitionerscaseandfailed   tointerviewandcallmaterialwitnesses. p    ` OnMay3,2001,thepostconvictioncourtenteredanordersettingforthdetailed H findingsoffactandconclusionsoflaw,denyingthepetitionforpostconvictionrelief.Specifically, 4 thepostconvictioncourtfoundthatthepetitionerfailedtoestablishbyclearandconvincing  p evidencethattrialcounseldeprivedhimofhisrighttotestify.Thepostconvictioncourtfurther  \ foundthatthepetitionerfailedtodemonstrateanyprejudiceresultingfromtrialcounselsalleged H failuretointervieworcallwitnesses.Thepetitionerappealedthedenialofhispetitionforpost 4 convictionrelief.   #XXEA#XEX   II.Analysis        ` Inapostconvictionproceeding,thepetitionerbearstheburdenofprovingthe  groundsraisedinthepetitionbyclearandconvincingevidence.Tenn.CodeAnn.4030210(f)  (1997). Evidenceisclearandconvincingwhenthereisnoseriousorsubstantialdoubtaboutthe l correctnessoftheconclusionsdrawnfromtheevidence.Hicksv.State,983S.W.2d240,245 X  (Tenn.Crim.App.1998).Onappeal,aclaimofineffectiveassistanceofcounselpresentsamixed D! questionoflawandfactsubjecttodenovoreview.Statev.Burns,6S.W.3d453,461(Tenn.1999). 0"  Assuch,thepostconvictioncourtsfindingsoffactareentitledtoapresumptionofcorrectness #l! unlesstheevidencepreponderatesagainstthosefindings.Fieldsv.State,40S.W.3d450,458(Tenn. $X" 2001).Thecredibilityofthewitnessesandtheweightandvaluetobeaffordedtheirtestimonyare $D # questionstoberesolvedbythepostconvictioncourtand,onappeal,theburdenisonthepetitioner %0!$ toprovethattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthepostconvictioncourtsfindings.Henleyv. &"% State,960S.W.2d572,579(Tenn.1997).However,apostconvictioncourtsconclusionsoflaw, '#& suchaswhethercounselsperformancewasdeficientorwhetherthatdeficiencywasprejudicial,are (#' subjecttoapurelydenovoreviewwithnopresumptionofcorrectness.Fields,40S.W.3dat458. )$(   |*%)    ` Whenapetitionerseekspostconvictionreliefonthebasisofineffectiveassistance   ofcounsel, thepetitionerbearstheburdenofprovingboththatcounselsperformancewasdeficient  andthatthedeficiencyprejudicedthedefense.Goadv.State,938S.W.2d363,369(Tenn.1996)  (citingStricklandv.Washington,466U.S.668,687,104S.Ct.2052,2064(1984)).Toestablish t deficientperformance,thepetitionermustshowthatcounselsperformancewasbelow therange ` ofcompetencedemandedofattorneysincriminalcases.Baxterv.Rose,523S.W.2d930,936 L  (Tenn.1975).Toestablishprejudice,thepetitionermustshowthat thereisareasonableprobability 8  that,butforcounselsunprofessionalerrors,theresultoftheproceedingwouldhavebeendifferent. $ t Areasonableprobabilityisaprobabilitysufficienttoundermineconfidenceintheoutcome.#XXE#XEX  ` Strickland,466U.S.at694,104S.Ct.at2068.Moreover,  L  8  8`   [b]ecauseapetitionermustestablishbothprongsofthetest,afailure  8  toproveeitherdeficiencyorprejudiceprovidesasufficientbasisto $  denyreliefontheineffectiveassistanceclaim.Indeed,acourtneed   notaddressthecomponentsinanyparticularorderorevenaddress   bothifthe[petitioner]makesaninsufficientshowingofone   component. ` x` x Goad,938S.W.2dat370(citingStrickland,466U.S.at697,104S.Ct.at2069).#XXE'#XEX p   A.FailuretoLocateandInterviewWitnesses H =+   ` Thepetitionerfirstallegedthattrialcounselwasdeficientinfailingtolocateand 4 interviewessentialdefensewitnesses.#XXE+#XEXSpecifically,thepetitionerarguedthattrialcounselfailedto  p interviewGeraldFreeland,DawnGodwin,U W#  2      ׀andJerryWayneMarrs,despitethefactthatthe  \ petitionergavecounseltheirnamesandaddresses.However,attheevidentiaryhearing,the H petitionertestifiedthathecouldonlyspeculateastothecontentofthewitnessestestimonyhadthey 4 beencalledtotestifyattrial.      ` Attheevidentiaryhearing,trialcounselconcededthatthepetitionergaveherthe  nameandaddressofthevictimsbrother,GeraldFreeland,whoallegedlyhadinformationregarding  anaffairthevictimhadwhilevisitinghishomeinArkansaspriortothecommissionoftheoffenses.  CounseltestifiedthatshemadeseveralattemptstocontactFreelandwithnosuccess.Moreover, l counseltestifiedthatduetolimitedresources,thepublicdefendersofficehadonlyoneinvestigator, X  andcounseldidnotaskthecourtforfundstohireanadditionalinvestigator.However,according D! tocounsel,Freelandstestimonywasneitherrelevanttothepetitionersdefense,norlikelytohave 0"  beenadmissibleundertherapeshieldlaw. #l!    ` Counselalsoconcededthatshedidnotinterviewthevictimsoldestdaughter,Dawn $D # Godwin,whoallegedlyfailedtocall911onthenighthermotherwaskidnappedandraped.Counsel %0!$ testifiedthatshesubpoenaedGodwin,butGodwinhadlefttownandwas nottobefound.Counsel &"% furtherassertedthat,evenifGodwinhadbeenavailabletotestify,shewasa twoedgedsword '#& becausetherewasevidencethatGodwinwashavingasexualrelationshipwiththepetitioner. (#' Finally,counselcouldnotrecallinterviewingJerryWayneMarrs.However,counseltestifiedthat )$( ifMarrshadrelevantinformationinsupportofthepetitionersdefense,shewouldhavecalledhim  totestifyattrial.#XXEi,#XEX     ` Thepostconvictioncourtfoundthatthepetitioner failedtodemonstrateany t prejudiceresultingfrom[trialcounsels]allegedfailuretointervieworcallthewitnesses.We ` agree. Whenapetitionercontendsthattrialcounselfailedtodiscover,interview,orpresent L  witnessesinsupportofhisdefense,thesewitnessesshouldbepresentedbythepetitioneratthe 8  evidentiaryhearing.Blackv.State,794S.W.2d752,757(Tenn.Crim.App.1990).Apetitioner $ t isnotentitledtoreliefonthisground unlesshecanproduceamaterialwitnesswho(a)couldhave  ` beenfoundbyareasonableinvestigationand(b)wouldhavetestifiedfavorablyinsupportofhis  L  defenseifcalled.Id.at758.Neitherthepostconvictioncourtnorthiscourtcanspeculateasto  8  whatawitnessstestimonymighthavebeenattrial.Id.at757.#XXE5#XEXAttheevidentiaryhearing,onlythe $  petitionerandhistrialcounseltestified.Thepetitionerfailedtopresentthefavorabletestimonyof   these materialwitnesses.Moreover,oncrossexamination,thepetitionerofferednoproofasto   whatthewitnessestestimonywouldhavebeeniftheyhadbeencalledtotestify.#XXEw:#XEXTherefore,even   assumingthatcounselwasdeficientinfailingtointerviewandcallthesepotentialwitnessesto   testify,thepetitionerhasfailedtoshowhowhewasprejudicedbythisdeficiency.Thisissueis p withoutmerit. \   B.DenialofthePetitionersRighttoTestify 4 =   ` Next,thepetitionercontendsthatcounseldeprivedhimofhisrighttotestifyinhis  p ownbehalf.Attheevidentiaryhearing,thepetitionertestifiedthatwhenheaskedcounselabout  \ testifying,counselrespondedthatshewasnotgoingtocallhimtotestifybecause shedidnthave H [his]casepreparedthatway.Accordingtothepetitioner,hewantedtotestify fromdayoneand 4 atnotimedidheknowinglyandvoluntarilywaivehisrighttotestify.Thepetitionertestifiedthat   hedidnotsignawrittenwaiver,nordidhewaivehisrightontherecordbeforethetrialcourt.      ` Counseladmittedthatshestronglyadvisedthepetitionernottotestify,butcontended  thatthedecisionwasultimatelyhistomake.Accordingtocounsel,  8  8`   Ithinkhedidwanttotestify,andmostofmyclientsdowantto l testify,andthatistheiroption,Icanttakeitawayfromthem.I X  wouldnever,neverdidandneverwouldtellsomeonethattheycould D! nottestify.Thatsnotmyrole.Myroleistocounselthemastowhat 0"  theimpactoftheirtestimonywouldbe,andIdidcounsel[the #l! petitioner]onthat....Icounseled[thepetitioner]thatitwouldnot $X" beinhisbestinteresttotestify.$D #` x` x Counseltestifiedthat,whilethepetitionerhadapriorconvictionforacrimeagainstnatureinvolving %0!$ hisoldestdaughter,counselsultimatereasonforadvisingthepetitionernottotestifywasthe &"% petitioners generalpersonalityandnature.Counseltestifiedthatshefearedthepetitionerwould '#& beperceivedbythejuryas arrogantandthathistestimonywouldhurtthecredibilityoftheother (#' defensewitnesses.Oncrossexamination,counseldeniedtellingthepetitionerthathecouldnot )$( testifybecausehistestimonywasinconsistentwiththemannerinwhichcounselhadpreparedthe |*%) defense. h+&* Ї   ` Counselconcededthatshedidnothavethepetitionersignawrittenwaiverofhis  righttotestify,nordidshenoteontherecordbeforethetrialcourtthatherclientwaswaivinghis  righttotestify.Astothewrittenwaiver,counseltestifiedthatitis verydisconcertingbetweenan  attorneyandclientwhenyoureinthemiddleofatrialthatholdshislifeinhishandsandyoure t saying,Here,signthis,youknow,thisisgoingtoprotectmelaterwheneveryoucomebackandsay ` Ididntdoagoodjob.However,counseltestifiedthatwhenshebelievedaclientswaiverofhis L  righttotestifywasreallyanissue,shewouldsoadvisethecourtontherecord.Shedidnotdoso 8  inthepetitionerscasebecausethepetitionerdidnotseem particularlydisturbedaboutit.Counsel $ t testifiedthatshehadnodoubtthatthepetitionerknowinglywaivedhisrighttotestify.#XXEB<#XEX  `    ` Thepostconvictioncourtaccreditedthetestimonyoftrialcounselthat,although  8  counseladvisedthepetitionernottotestify,thepetitionerultimatelymadethatdecision.As $  previouslynoted,thecredibilityofthewitnessesandtheweightandvaluetobeaffordedtheir   testimonyarequestionstoberesolvedbythepostconvictioncourt.#XXEٿK#XEXHenley,960S.W.2dat579.   Thiscourtwillnotdisturbthepostconvictioncourtsfindingsoffactunlessthepetitioner   demonstratesthattheevidencepreponderatesagainst#XXEM#XEXthosefindings.Id.at578.Thepetitionerhas   failedtodosointhiscase. p    ` Inhisbrief,thepetitionerurgesthiscourttoconsiderMomonv.State,18S.W.3d152 H (Tenn.1999),eventhoughMomonwasdecidedafterthepetitionerstrial.InMomon,oursupreme 4 courtheldthat therightofacriminaldefendanttotestifyinhisorherownbehalfisafundamental  p constitutionalright...[that]mayonlybewaivedpersonallybythedefendant.Id.at161.To  \ ensurethatcriminaldefenseattorneysdonotunilaterallydeprivetheirclientsofthisfundamental H right,theMomoncourtsetforthproceduralguidelines,requiringthedefendantsknowing, 4 voluntary,andintelligentwaivertobemadeontherecord.Id.at162,17475.However,Momon   hasnoretroactiveeffect.Id.at16263.Furthermore,evenifMomonappliedretroactively, the   merefailuretofollowtheseguidelineswillnotinandofitselfsupportaclaimfordeprivationofthe  constitutionalrighttotestifyifthereisevidenceintherecordtoestablishthattherightwasotherwise  personallywaivedbythedefendant.Id.at163.Althoughthereisnorecordofthepetitioner  waivinghisrighttotestify,trialcounseltestifiedattheevidentiaryhearingthatthepetitioner l personallyandknowinglywaivedthisrightupontheadviceofcounsel,andthepostconvictioncourt X  accreditedcounselstestimony.Thisissueiswithoutmerit. D!    III.Conclusion  #l!      ` Basedupontheforegoing,thejudgmentofthepostconvictioncourtisaffirmed. $X" #XXEN#XEX   `     h     ___________________________________ |*%)    `     h     NORMAMcGEEOGLE,JUDGE h+&*