ÿWPCõ <# X %c 0 Diw@­4íU:U:RU:Œ 0ˆÆ 0DN 0J’ 0TÜÆ0 0^ö 0hT D3¼n­ïœ 0r¤ 0| 0†’ 0 1u¨ 0d U* B« AOÈ Æ 0`Ý 0@= 0D}B)Á D/ê BDC6 AMyÆfãzI·Ãqz§ë’v~¤vÓ"˜HP LaserJet 4 PlusHPPCL5MS,ð,,,,,ð0nLlÎ X(ñÄ$¡¡Ò€°ÒÒX°Ò M%DN%DO%P%IeQ%R%DS%DT%Ó€`%(Ua%)îÚƒç"3|xa%, øð AZ‹"Arial Regular, øð AZ‹"Arial RegularÂ"Arial Regular(8(3Åå$¤¤Ý ƒñÄ!ÝÒ€°ÒÒX°ÒÝ  Ýà Ø àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(+Ã$òòÚ  Ú4Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 52, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô(((('ÿÿdxd«<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiXXxþ6X@ÉJQX@2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Arial d*,-/Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(83¼$¢¢Ý ƒñÄ!ÝÒ€°ÒÒX°ÒÝ  Ý("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó% Line 7 d00'÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd....7Border 1dd*,1Cþÿ << Gÿÿ Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€'ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  ÝÔ€'ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€'XÔÌÌò òOctoberÏ31,Ï1997ÌÌCecilÏCrowson,ÏJr.ÌÔ€'ôÔAppellateÏCourtÏClerkó ó \Ñ\R AØ'\Ñ pÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€'ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€'ôÔAt€the€time€of€trial,€Betty€Weston€had€married€Tim€Fox€and€changed€her€name€to€Betty€WestonÏFox.€€To€avoid€confusion,€we€have€used€the€name€Betty€Weston€throughout€this€opinion.Ì ­Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€'ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€'ôÔBall€had€one€policy€through€his€work€valued€at€$20,000.00.€€Approximately€one€month€beforeÏthe€stabbing,€the€Appellant€had€taken€out€another€policy,€valued€at€$13,350.00,€on€Ball.€€The€AppellantÏwas€the€named€beneficiary€in€both€policies.Ì gÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€'ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€'ôÔNo€issue€is€raised€as€to€whether€or€not€there€is€an€offense€of€solicitation€of€second€degreeÏmurder€in€Tennessee,€and€such€a€determination€is€not€required€in€this€case.Ì Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€'ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€'ôÔòòSeeóó€òòalsoóó€òòState€v.€Trustyóó,€919€S.W.2d›€305,€313€n.7€(Tenn.€1996)(stating€that€the€inchoateÏoffense€of€ð ðattempted€murder€does€not€necessarily€require€either€contact€with€the€victim€or€bodilyÏinjuryðð).Ì Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€'ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  ÝÔ€'ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€'XÔÌÌò òOctoberÏ31,Ï1997ÌÌCecilÏCrowson,ÏJr.ÌÔ€'ôÔAppellateÏCourtÏClerkó óPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHØ(d'`Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  ion-F Geneva ÒÒ  ion-F Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€'ÔÒ € ÒÒ X ÒÝ  Ý›Ñ  ÑÑ € ÑÓÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÓ  ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€ YÑ XXdðdÈ7ÑÑ  ќـ*ÙßR€231A1-j|` , `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌAT€KNOXVILLEÌ€JANUARY€1997€SESSIONÌÓ  ÓÌÌÓÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà àà à)à àNO.€03C01„9512„CC„00387à àà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àAppelleeà àà àà àà à)à àCOCKE€COUNTYÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌv.à àà àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.€REX€HENRY€OGLE,€JUDGEÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)ÌKATHY€BALL,à àà àà àà à)à à(Solicitation€of€First€Degree€Murder€à àà àà àà àà àà à)à àÏand€Sentencing)Ìà àAppellantà àà àà àà à)Ìà à€€€€€€€€€à àà àà àà àà à)ÌÌÌÌòòFOR€THE€APPELLANTà àà àà àà àFOR€THE€APPELLEEóóÌÌThomas€V.€Testermanà àà àà àà àJohn€Knox€WalkupÌ301€East€Broadwayà àà àà àà àà àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌNewport,€Tennessee€37821à àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€Tennessee€37243„0493Ìà àà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àEugene€J.ÏHoneaà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistantÏAttorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€Tennessee€37243„0493ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAlfred€C.€Schmutzer,€Jr.Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àSevier€County€CourthouseÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à125€Court€Avenue,€Suite€301„EÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àSevierville,€Tennessee€37862ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àJames€B.€DunnÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà à339„A€East€Main€StreetÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àNewport,€Tennessee€37821ÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:________________ÌÌAFFIRMED€ÌÌWILLIAM€M.€BARKER,€JUDGEÌÓÓÓ  ÓÑ€4ÑÇOPINIONÌÓ  Óà àThe€Appellant,€Kathy€Ball,€appeals€as€of€right€her€conviction€and€sentence€forÏsolicitation€of€first€degree€murder.€€She€argues€on€appeal€that€she€was€improperlyÏconvicted€of€an€offense€not€contained€in€the€indictment€and€that€her€sentence€wasÏexcessive.€€à àÌà àAfter€a€careful€review€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€Appellantððs€conviction€andÏsentence.Ìà àOn€September€20,€1993,€the€Appellant€spent€the€afternoon€with€her€husband,ÏHarlan€Ball€at€her€parentsðð€residence€in€œWhitesburg›,€œHamblen›€County.€€Her€parentsÏarrived€home€sometime€between€5:00€and€6:00€p.m.€and€her€mother€beganÏpreparing€dinner.€€The€Appellantððs€brother,€Tim€Fox,€and€his€girlfriend,€Betty€Weston× ƒ5 ××  ×,Ïalso€stopped€by€the€œHamblen›€County€residence€and€they€visited€with€the€AppellantÏuntil€dinner€was€served.€€Ball€and€the€Appellant€ate€dinner€with€the€AppellantððsÏparents€and€shortly€thereafter€they€drove€back€in€separate€cars€to€their€home€inÏCocke€County.€Ìà àLater€that€evening,€Tim€Fox€and€Betty€Weston€stopped€by€the€Ballsðð€mobileÏhome.€€While€Fox€and€Weston€were€there,€the€Appellant€asked€Ball€to€go€to€the€FoodÏCity€grocery€store€to€buy€a€few€soft€drinks.€€She€further€suggested€that€he€ask€Tim€FoxÍto€accompany€him.€€Shortly€after€Fox€and€Ball€left,€Betty€Weston€told€the€AppellantÏthat€she€was€going€to€the€store€to€buy€milk€for€her€baby.€€Ìà àWhen€Fox€and€Ball€returned€from€Food€City,€they€both€got€out€of€the€car€andÏapproached€the€mobile€home.€€Ball€carried€the€bottles€of€soda€and€walked€slightlyÏahead€of€Fox.€€Suddenly,€Ball€felt€something€poke€him€in€the€back.€€According€toÏBallððs€testimony,€Fox€grabbed€him€by€the€arm€and€quickly€turned€him€around.€€FoxÏthen€stabbed€Ball€in€the€chest€with€a€knife.€€After€the€stabbing,€Fox€ran€to€his€getawayÏcar,€driven€by€Betty€Weston.Ìà àBall€staggered€into€his€mobile€home€where€he€told€the€Appellant€that€herÏbrother€had€stabbed€him.€€The€Appellant€placed€a€towel€over€the€wound€to€stop€theÏbleeding€and€she€took€him€to€a€nearby€hospital.€€In€the€emergency€room,€the€treatingÏphysician€realized€that€Ball€had€been€stabbed€through€the€heart.€€As€a€result€of€theÏimmediate€medical€attention€and€further€treatment,€Ball€survived€the€almost€fatalÏwound.Ìà àThe€evidence€introduced€at€trial€revealed€that€the€Appellant€was€having€anÏextra„marital€affair€with€her€neighbor€and€co„worker,€James€Murray,€approximatelyÏthree€months€before€the€solicitation.€€During€this€time,€the€Appellant€complained€thatÏBall€had€threatened€her€and€their€two€children€with€violence.€€Thus,€on€the€day€of€theÏstabbing,€she€caused€a€restraining€order€to€be€filed€against€Ball.€€Ball€testified€that€heÏhad€no€prior€knowledge€of€his€wifeððs€affair€or€the€restraining€order,€and€he€denied€allÍallegations€of€abusive€behavior.€€Ìà àThe€evidence€further€revealed€that€the€Appellant€and€Murray€hadÏcontemplated€marriage€sometime€before€the€stabbing.€€However,€for€some€unknownÏreason,€the€Appellant€never€left€or€divorced€her€husband.€€Instead,€she€asked€herÏbrother,€Fox,€to€kill€him.€€As€payment€for€the€murder,€she€gave€Fox€five€hundredÏ($500)€dollars€on€September€20,€1993,€and€she€promised€to€pay€him€another€forty„five€hundred€($4500)€dollars€after€she€received€payment€under€Ballððs€two€lifeÏinsurance€policies.× ƒ6 ××  ×€€The€Appellant€also€promised€to€give€Fox€her€husbandððs€car€afterÏthe€murder.€€€à àÌà àBetty€Weston€testified€that€the€Appellant€and€Fox€planned€the€murder€of€BallÏwhen€they€met€at€their€parentððs€home€on€September€20,€1993.€€According€to€theirÏscheme,€the€Appellant€planned€to€ask€Ball€to€stop€at€the€White€Supermarket€on€hisÏway€home€from€her€parentsðð€house.€€Fox€planned€to€be€waiting€for€Ball€at€theÏsupermarket€where€he€would€ask€Ball€for€a€ride€to€the€Rankin€Community.€€UponÏarrival€in€Rankin,€Fox€planned€to€shoot€Ball€and€make€his€getaway€in€a€car€driven€byÏBetty€Weston.€€In€spite€of€this€plan,€the€Appellant€never€asked€Ball€to€stop€at€theÏsupermarket€on€his€way€home€from€her€parentððs€house.€€€Instead,€she€arranged€forÏthe€murder€to€take€place€later€that€evening€when€Fox€and€Betty€Weston€stopped€byÍthe€Ballsðð€mobile€home.€€€Ìà àApproximately€one€week€before€the€solicitation,€Fox€had€made€a€previousÏattempt€on€Ballððs€life.€€At€the€Appellantððs€request,€Fox€had€taken€an€electrical€wireÏfrom€the€tail€light€of€Ballððs€car€and€put€it€into€the€gas€tank.€€Supposedly,€this€wouldÏcause€the€gasoline€to€explode€when€Ball€turned€on€the€ignition.€€Ball,€however,Ïdiscovered€the€wire€and€removed€it€before€he€started€the€car.€€The€police€were€neverÏcontacted€concerning€this€attempt€on€Ballððs€life.€Ìà àThe€œCocke›€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€the€Appellant€for€attempted€first€degreeÏmurder€based€upon€the€knife€attack€by€Fox.€€After€one€mistrial,€a€jury€convicted€theÏAppellant€of€solicitation€of€first€degree€murder,€a€Class€B€felony.€€The€trial€courtÏsentenced€the€Appellant,€as€a€Range€I€standard€offender,€to€serve€eleven€years€in€theÏTennessee€Department€of€Correction.Ìà@ àI.Ìà àThe€Appellant€contends€that€her€conviction€for€solicitation€of€first€degreeÏmurder€must€be€set€aside€because€she€was€charged€with€attempted€first€degreeÏmurder,€not€solicitation€to€commit€first€degree€murder.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.€€Ìà àThe€indictment€charged€that€the€Appellant€ð ðdid€unlawfully,€intentionally,Ïdeliberately€and€with€premeditation€attempt€to€kill€Harlan€Ball,€in€violation€of€T.C.A.ÏSection€39„12„101,€and€T.C.A.€Section€39„13„202.ðð€€At€trial,€the€trial€court€instructedÏthe€jury€on€the€law€regarding€attempted€first€degree€murder,€attempted€secondÍdegree€murder,€attempted€first€or€second€degree€murder€by€being€criminallyÏresponsible€for€the€conduct€of€her€brother,€solicitation€of€first€degree€murder,€andÏsolicitation€of€second€degree€murder.× ƒ7 ××  ×€€The€jury€returned€a€verdict€finding€theÏAppellant€guilty€of€solicitation€of€first€degree€murder.Ìà àIn€Tennessee,€when€an€individual€is€accused€of€a€crime,€the€State€must€giveÏthe€accused€adequate€notice€of€the€charged€offense€by€specifying€it€in€the€indictment.€ÏòòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Trustyóó,€919€S.W.2d€305,€309€(Tenn.€1996)€(citing€Tenn.€Const.€Art.€I,€ððÏ9).€€ð ðA€defendant€cannot€be€legally€convicted€of€an€offense€which€is€not€charged€inÏthe€indictment€or€which€is€not€a€lesser€included€offense€embraced€in€the€indictedÏcharge.ðð€€òòSeeóó€òòTrustyóó,€919€S.W.2d€at€310€(citing€òòState€v.€Lampkinóó,€619€S.W.2d€520Ï(Tenn.€1981);€òòMcLean€v.€Stateóó,€527€S.W.2d€76€(Tenn.€1975);€òòState€v.€Morrisóó,€788ÏS.W.2d€820€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990)).€€A€lesser€offense€embraced€in€the€indictmentÏcan€be€either€a€ð ðlesser€grade€or€classðð€offense€or€a€lesser€included€offense.€€òòSeeóóÏòòTrustyóó,€919€S.W.2d€at€310.€€Ìà àIn€this€case,€the€question€on€appeal€is€whether€solicitation€of€first€degreeÏmurder€is€a€ð ðlesser€grade€or€classðð€offense€or€a€lesser€included€offense€of€attemptedÏfirst€degree€murder.€€We€find€that€solicitation€of€first€degree€murder€is€a€lesser€gradeÏor€class€offense€of€attempted€first€degree€murder€and,€thus,€was€included€in€theÍindictment.€Ìà àTo€determine€whether€an€offense€is€a€lesser€grade€or€class€of€the€indictedÏoffense,€we€look€to€Tennessee€Code€Annotated.€€òòSeeóó€òòTrustyóó,€919€S.W.2d€at€310.€€InÏthe€Code,€the€Tennessee€General€Assembly€has€organized€criminal€offenses€intoÏdifferent€categories.€€For€example,€in€sections€39„13„201€through€213,€the€GeneralÏAssembly€has€divided€criminal€homicide€into€various€grades€including€first€degreeÏmurder,€second€degree€murder,€voluntary€manslaughter,€criminally€negligentÏhomicide,€and€vehicular€homicide.€€In€this€arrangement,€first€degree€murder€is€theÏhighest€grade€of€homicide€with€the€other€offenses€being€of€lesser€grade€inÏdescending€order.€Ìà àSimilarly,€the€inchoate€offenses€listed€in€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€sectionsÏ39„12„101€through€103€are€divided€into€the€grades€of€attempt,€solicitation,€andÏconspiracy.€€Ordinarily,€criminal€attempt€is€one€classification€lower€than€the€actualÏoffense€attempted,€unless€the€attempted€offense€is€a€Class€C€misdemeanor.€€òòSeeóóÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„12„107(a)€(1991€œRepl›.).€€Criminal€solicitation€is€twoÏclassifications€lower€than€the€actual€offense€solicited,€unless€the€solicited€offense€is€aÏClass€B€or€C€misdemeanor.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„12„107(b).€€When€theÏintended€offense€is€first€degree€murder,€however,€the€classification€of€criminal€attemptÏand€criminal€solicitation€is€governed€by€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„35„110€(1990).€€Attempted€first€degree€murder,€as€charged€in€this€case,€is€a€Class€AÍfelony€punishable€by€fifteen€to€twenty„five€years€imprisonment€for€Range€I€offenders.€ÏSolicitation€for€the€same€offense,€however,€is€a€Class€B€felony€punishable€by€eight€toÏtwelve€years€for€Range€I€offenders.€€This€statutory€classification€demonstrates€thatÏsolicitation€of€first€degree€murder€is€a€lesser€grade€or€class€of€attempted€first€degreeÏmurder.€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìà àWe,€therefore,€find€that€the€trial€court€properly€instructed€the€jury€on€the€lesserÏcharge€of€solicitation€of€first€degree€murder,€and€affirm€the€Appellantððs€conviction.€€€€€Ìà@ àII.Ìà àThe€Appellant€next€contends€that€her€sentence€is€excessive.€€She€argues€thatÏthe€trial€court€erred€in€applying€enhancement€factors€(6),€(12),€and€(15)€to€herÏsentence.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114€(6),€(12),€and€(15)€(œSupp›.€1996).€ÌThis€issue€is€without€merit.Ìà àSolicitation€of€first€degree€murder€carries€a€sentence€of€eight€to€twelve€yearsÏfor€Range€I€offenders.€€In€this€case,€the€trial€court€sentenced€the€Appellant€to€elevenÏyears€as€a€Range€I€standard€offender€after€applying€three€enhancement€factors€andÏtwo€mitigating€factors.€€The€trial€court€found€that:€€(6)€the€injuries€inflicted€upon€theÏvictim€were€particularly€great;€(12)€that€the€Appellant€willfully€inflicted€bodily€injury€onÏanother€person;€and€(15)€that€the€Appellant€abused€a€position€of€private€trust.€€òòSeeóóÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114€(6),€(12)€and€(15).€€With€regard€to€mitigating€factors,€theÏtrial€court€found€that€the€Appellant€did€not€have€a€prior€criminal€record€and€that€sheÍwas€instrumental€in€saving€Ballððs€life€after€the€stabbing.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113€(1990).€€€€Ìà àWhen€an€Appellant€complains€of€his€or€her€sentence,€we€must€conduct€a€òòdeÏnovoóó€review€with€a€presumption€of€correctness.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)€(1991).€€This€presumption€is€conditioned€upon€an€affirmative€showing€in€theÏrecord€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€factsÏand€circumstances.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€TheÏburden€of€showing€that€the€sentence€is€improper€is€upon€the€appealing€party.€€òòSeeóóÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)€(Sentencing€Commission€Comments).€€Ìà àThe€minimum€sentence€within€the€range€is€the€presumptive€sentence.€€ForÏClass€B€and€C€felonies,€the€trial€court€must€start€at€the€minimum€sentence€in€theÏrange€and€enhance€the€sentence€as€appropriate€for€any€enhancement€factors€andÏthen€reduce€the€sentence€within€the€range€as€appropriate€for€any€mitigating€factors.€€IfÏthere€are€no€mitigating€factors,€the€court€may€set€the€sentence€above€the€minimum€inÏthat€range.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210€(1990).€€The€trial€court€has€fullÏdiscretion€to€determine€the€weight€given€to€each€factor,€as€long€as€it€does€not€violateÏthe€principles€of€the€Sentencing€Reform€Act.€€òòIdóó.€(Sentencing€CommissionÏComments).€€ð ðThe€weight€afforded€mitigating€or€enhancement€factors€derives€fromÏbalancing€relative€degrees€of€culpability€within€the€totality€of€the€circumstances€of€theÏcase€involved.ðð€€òòSeeóó€€òòState€v.€Mossóó,€727€S.W.2d€229,€238€(Tenn.€1986).Ìà àThe€Appellant€contends€that€enhancers€(6)€and€(12)€are€essential€elements€ofÏcriminal€solicitation,€and€therefore,€cannot€be€considered€to€increase€her€sentence.€ÏWe€disagree.€€€€€Ìà àEnhancer€(12)€applies€in€cases€where€a€defendant,€during€the€commission€ofÏa€felony,€willfully€inflicts€bodily€injury€upon€another€person,€or€the€actions€of€theÏdefendant€result€in€the€death€or€serious€bodily€injury€to€a€victim€or€a€person€otherÏthan€the€intended€victim.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114€(12)€(œSupp›.€1996).€€InÏthis€case,€the€record€supports€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€the€Appellantððs€willfulÏactions€€resulted€in€bodily€injury€to€the€victim,€Ball.€€Moreover,€injury€to€the€victim€isÏnot€an€essential€element€of€the€crime€of€solicitation€to€commit€first€degree€murder.€€ToÏthe€contrary,€the€language€of€our€solicitation€statute€indicates€that€neither€physicalÏcontact€nor€bodily€injury€to€a€victim€is€necessary€to€find€a€defendant€guilty€of€criminalÏsolicitation.× ƒ8 ××  ×€€Ìà àTennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„12„102€(a)€provides€that€ð ð[œw]hoever›,Ïby€means€of€oral,€written€or€electronic€communication,€directly€or€through€another,Ïintentionally€commands,€requests€or€hires€another€to€commit€a€criminal€offense,€orÏattempts€to€command,€request€or€hire€another€to€commit€a€criminal€offense,€with€theÏintent€that€the€criminal€offense€be€committed,€is€guilty€of€the€offense€of€solicitation.ðð€€€ÍSolicitation€of€first€degree€murder€need€not€involve€a€completion€of€the€intendedÏcrime€or€injuries€to€the€intended€victim.€€In€this€case,€however,€there€is€no€doubt€thatÏthe€Appellantððs€solicitation€resulted€in€serious€bodily€injury€to€Ball.€€We,€therefore,Ïconclude€that€the€trial€court€properly€applied€œenhancer›€(12)€to€the€AppellantððsÏsentence.€€€€€€€Ìà àTurning€now€to€the€application€of€enhancer€(6),€we€find€that€the€trial€courtÏproperly€applied€this€enhancer€to€the€Appellantððs€sentence.€€The€trial€court€trackedÏthe€language€of€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„35„114€(6)€in€finding€that€theÏpersonal€injuries€inflicted€upon€the€victim,€Ball,€were€particularly€great.€€In€this€case,€Ïthere€is€no€dispute€that€Ball€suffered€extensive€and€near€fatal€injuries€as€a€result€ofÏbeing€stabbed€in€the€heart.€€Moreover,€as€indicated€above,€those€injuries€are€notÏessential€to€the€offense€of€criminal€solicitation.€€€€€Ìà àœThis€Court€has€previously€held€that€enhancer›€(6)€is€not€an€element€ofÏsolicitation€of€first„degree€murder.€€òòSeeóó€œòòState›€v.€Amy€Renee€Marcumóó,€C.C.A.€No.Ï03C01„9508„CR„00244€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Sept.€25,€1996).€€Therefore,€theÏapplication€of€enhancer€(6)€was€proper.€€Ìà àWe€also€agree€with€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€the€Appellant€abused€a€positionÏof€private€trust.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114€(15).€€The€Appellant€argues€thatÏintra„spousal€solicitation€of€first€degree€murder€does€not€amount€to€an€abuse€ofÏprivate€trust€between€spouses.€€We€agree€that€the€marital€status€between€theÍAppellant€and€the€victim€alone€is€not€enough€to€justify€the€use€of€enhancement€factorÏ(15);€however,€the€facts€of€this€case€support€the€application€of€this€enhancer.€€TheÏrecord€demonstrates€that€Ball€was€retrieving€soft€drinks€for€the€Appellant€when€heÏwas€stabbed€by€Fox.€€The€Appellant€personally€asked€Ball€to€go€with€Fox€to€the€WhiteÏSupermarket€to€fulfill€her€request.€€Clearly,€she€used€her€position€as€a€œcohabitating›Ïspouse€to€set€up€the€resulting€knife€attack€by€Fox.€€At€that€time,€Ball€was€unaware€ofÏthe€Appellantððs€unfaithful€behavior€and€he€had€no€reason€to€distrust€her€or€suspectÏthat€she€was€soliciting€his€murder.€€Ìà àWe€further€find€that€the€trial€court€correctly€applied€two€mitigating€factorsÏpursuant€to€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„35„13€(13).€€The€Appellant€doesÏnot€have€a€prior€criminal€record€and€she€was€instrumental€in€saving€Ballððs€life€afterÏthe€knife€attack.€€Nevertheless,€we€defer€to€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€the€enhancingÏfactors€and€the€heinous€nature€of€this€case€outweigh€those€mitigating€factors.€€TheÏtrial€court€considered€the€totality€of€the€evidence€to€determine€that€an€enhancedÏsentence€was€proper€for€this€Appellant.€€€€€Ìà àBased€on€the€evidence€in€the€record,€we€conclude€that€the€trial€court€properlyÏapplied€enhancers€(6),€(12),€and€(15)€and€the€two€mitigating€factors€in€ordering€theÏAppellantððs€sentence.€€€€€€Ìà àAccordingly,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€ÌÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àà à__________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àWILLIAM€M.€BARKER,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌ___________________________ÌJOSEPH€M.€TIPTON,€JUDGEÌÌÌ___________________________ÌCURWOOD€WITT,€œJUDGEÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌ›Ñ Ü ÑÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÑ7€ ¶î XXdæ XXdð7ÑœßJ€29;+'b|` ´- `€@ÿJß›€à8 àà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌà@ àAT€KNOXVILLEà@ à€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà à€€€€€€€€€€€€€JANUARY€1997€SESSIONÌÌÓÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà à)à àÌ€à àà àà àà à)Ìà àAppellee,€à àà à)à àNo.€03C01„9512„CC„00387Ìà à€€€€€à àà à€€à à)Ìà àà àà àà à)à à€Cocke€CountyÌv.à àà àà àà à)€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà àà àà à)à à€Honorable€Rex€Henry€Ogle,€Judge€Ìà àà àà àà à)ÌKATHY€BALL,à àà àà à)à à€(Solicitation€of€First€Degree€Murder€andÌà àà àà àà à)à à€€€Sentencing)Ìà àAppellant.à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àÌÌÌÌÓÓà@ àò òòòCONCURRING€OPINIONóóó óÌÌà àI€concur€in€the€results€reached€and€most€of€the€reasoning€in€the€majorityÏopinion.€€I€doubt,€though,€that€the€legislature€intended€for€solicitation€to€be€a€ð ðlesserÏgradeðð€of€an€attempt.€€I€do€not€believe€that€the€analysis€used€in€òòState€v.€Trustyóó,€919ÏS.W.2d€305€(Tenn.€œ1996),›€to€identify€the€separate€grades€of€homicide€easily€carriesÏover€to€the€part€of€the€criminal€code€listing€the€inchoate€crimes€„„€attempt,€solicitationÏand€conspiracy.€€òòSeeóó€T.C.A.€ðððð€39„12„101„„103.€€ÌÌà àThe€similarity€among€the€three€inchoate€crimes€is€that€they€are€all€crimes€ofÏpreparation€to€commit€crimes€and€do€not€depend€upon€the€commission€of€the€ultimateÏcrimes€intended.€€Otherwise,€though,€they€address€separate€concerns€that€are€notÏnecessarily€connected.€€œFor€instance,€prohibiting›€solicitation€and€conspiracy,€asÏopposed€to€attempt,€œfocuses›€on€the€fact€that€a€greater€menace€to€society€is€presentedÏby€criminals€acting€in€concert€than€by€œone›€acting€alone.€ÌÌà àOn€the€other€hand,€I€believe€the€result€reached€in€the€majority€opinion€is€correctÏÑ Ü ÑÑ ° Ñbecause€of€the€defendantððs€exposure€to€being€criminally€responsible€for€the€acts€œof›€herÏbrother.€€Pursuant€to€T.C.A.€ðð€39„11„402(b),€a€person€is€criminally€responsible€forÏanotherððs€conduct€if€ð ð[a]cting€with€intent€to€promote€or€assist€the€commission€of€theÏoffense,€or€to€benefit€in€the€proceeds€or€results€of€the€offense,€the€person€òòsolicitsóó,Ïdirects,€aids,€or€attempts€to€aid€another€person€to€commit€the€offense.ðð€(EmphasisÍadded).€€Also,€an€indictment€for€a€crime€in€Tennessee€necessarily€includes€the€€€€€€€€Ïcommission€of€an€offense€by€both€the€defendantððs€own€conduct€and€the€defendantððsÏcriminal€responsibility€for€anotherððs€conduct.€€òòSeeóó€T.C.A.€ðð€39„11„401.€€ÌÌà àThe€indictment€and€the€evidence€in€the€present€case€encompass€theÏdefendantððs€criminal€responsibility€for€the€conduct€of€her€brother.€€This€led€to€the€trialÏcourtððs€charging€the€jury€relative€to€both€the€defendantððs€criminal€responsibility€for€herÏœbrotherððs›€conduct€and€the€crime€of€solicitation.€€To€me,€the€fact€that€criminalÏresponsibility€for€the€conduct€of€another€includes€the€soliciting€of€another€person€toÏcommit€the€offense€renders€solicitation€to€be€a€lesser€included€offense€under€the€factsÏand€the€indictment€in€this€case.€€òòSeeóó€òòHoward€v.€Stateóó,€578€S.W.2d€83,€85€(Tenn.Ï1979).€€Ìà àMoreover,€I€think€it€is€significant€that€the€defendant€essentially€agreed€with€theÏtrial€court€relative€to€instructing€the€jury€on€the€offense€about€which€œshe›€now€complains.€ÏThat€is,€when€the€trial€court€stated€its€intention€to€instruct€on€both€attempt€andÏsolicitation,€defense€counsel€responded,€ð ðThat€will€be€fine€for€the€defense,€YourÏHonor.ðð€€The€defendantððs€first€complaint€about€solicitation€is€on€this€appeal.€€Under€theÏposition€taken€by€the€defendant€in€the€trial€court,€there€is€no€issue€regarding€surprise€orÏimproper€notice€by€failing€to€specify€the€claim€of€criminal€responsibility€for€anotherððsÏconduct€or€the€offense€of€solicitation.€€Thus,€with€the€defendant€having€agreed€to€theÏjury€considering€the€offense€of€œsolicitation,›€the€fact€that€solicitation€œcould€be€an›Ïincluded€offense€through€the€route€of€criminal€responsibility€for€the€conduct€of€anotherÍjustifies€the€defendantððs€conviction€being€upheld.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àà à__________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àJoseph€M.€Tipton,€Judge€œ›à àœ›à àœ›œÔ€ ÔÔ€ Ô›