ÿWPCU !QI­ˆ›5µžµ³â;¿_J¥Y'Ë¥uCIbÖ3œÖ¡@wñ& 0Dª î êö à U:â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â B D3999 0Dllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll AO°Æÿÿ 0DÅ D/  B8X, øð AZ‹"Arial Regular($¡¡(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman Regular ED D!D"#E$%Ó€uM%3|x. ÕÒ°ÒÒ8°ÒÝ ƒ úÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝIn€1995€she€was€placed€on€pre„trial€diversion€for€contributing€to€the€delinquency€ofÐ ° Ða€minor.€€Ì€€((3úÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó àÔ€X¿ÅXXXÔÔ€$XX¿ÅÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X¿ÅX$ÔÐ  ÐÌSeptember€16,€1998ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó øÒ°ÒÒ8°ÒÝ ƒ úÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€defendant€has€advanced€the€applicability€of€several€mitigating€factors.€€WeÐ ° Ðfind€it€unnecessary€to€address€their€applicability.€€,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular d""""'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýñ%ñ›ñ%ñÒ°ÒÔ€X¿ÅXXXÔÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓ  ÓÓ  Óñ%ñßr€ *<,(j 8` `€€@Eȱ` 8ttxP°ð  rß›ñ%ñà@˜ ˜ àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° ÐÌà@FF'àAT€NASHVILLEˆÌÓ³ÓÌà@ŸŸ$àAUGUST€1998€SESSIONˆÌÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,ó óà@÷÷-à)ˆÐ  ` Ðà@÷÷-à)ˆà p àò òNO.€01C01„9801„CR„00018ó óÐ ü L  Ðà ` àAppellee,à@÷÷-à)ˆÐ è 8  Ðà@÷÷-à)ˆà p àò òWILSON€COUNTYó óÐ Î  Ðò òVS.ó óà@÷÷-à)ˆÐ º  Ðà@÷÷-à)ˆà p àò òHON.€J.€O.€BOND,Ð ¦ö  ÐCECELIA€M.€BEASLEY,ó óà@÷÷-à)ˆà p àò òJUDGEó óÐ ’â  Ðà@÷÷-à)ˆÌà ` àAppellant.à@÷÷-à)ˆà p à(Sentencing)Ð d´ ÐÌÌÌÒ(ä „¸ @(#(#(Òò òòòFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:Ð üL ÐÌCOMER€L.€DONNELLÌó óDistrict€Public€DefenderÐ À Ðò òÌVIRGINIA€TOWNZENÌó óAssistant€District€Public€DefenderÐ ~Î Ð213€North€Cumberland€StreetÌP.€O.€Box€888ÌLebanon,€TN€€37088„0888ÌÐ  f Ðò òòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:Ð üL ÐÌJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPó óÐ Ô$  ÐAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌÌò òLISA€A.€NAYLORó óÐ ŒÜ# ÐAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌCordell€Hull€Building,€2nd€FloorÌ425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌò òTOM€P.€THOMPSON,€JRó óÐ ö F) ÐDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌò òDAVID€DURHAMó óÐ ®#þ, ÐAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌ111€Cherry€StreetÌLebanon,€TN€€37087„3609ÌÐ L'œ"0 ÐÒ(ä „¸ @ìì(ÒÌÌÌÌÌÌò òOPINION€FILED:€òò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÐ |.Ì)6 ÐÌÌÌSENTENCE€MODIFIEDÌÌÌÌJOE€G.€RILEY,ÌJUDGEÐ  È62? Ðó óÑ7€CKXdìXXdì7Ñà@ÉÉ'àò òòòO€P€I€N€I€O€Nóóó óˆÐ ° ÐÌÌÓÓà ` àThe€defendant€pled€guilty€in€the€Wilson€County€Criminal€Court€to€three€(3)Ïcounts€of€selling€cocaine€over€0.5€grams€and€one€(1)€count€of€possessing€cocaineÏover€0.5€grams€with€intent€to€sell.€€She€agreed€to€an€effective€ten„year€sentence€andÏsubmitted€the€amount€of€the€fines€and€the€issue€of€community€corrections€to€the€trialÏcourt.€€The€trial€court€imposed€the€minimum€mandatory€fines,€refused€to€waive€theÏfines€and€denied€community€corrections.€€After€a€thorough€review€of€the€record,€œweÏaffirm›€the€amount€of€the€fines€but€modify€the€remaining€portion€of€the€sentences€toÏcommunity€corrections.€€€Ìà@-àò òˆÌà@üü-àIˆÌó óÌà ` àDefendant€was€indicted€by€the€Wilson€County€Grand€Jury€on€five€(5)€countsÏof€selling€cocaine€committed€during€the€period€September€5,€1996,€to€October€9,Ï1996.€€She€was€also€indicted€on€one€(1)€count€of€possession€of€cocaine€with€intentÏto€sell€committed€on€October€9,€1996.€€She€entered€guilty€pleas€to€selling€cocaineÏon€September€5,€September€11,€October€9,€and€to€the€October€9th€possession€ofÏcocaine€with€intent€to€sell.€€Pursuant€to€a€plea€agreement,€she€was€sentenced€toÏeight€(8)€years€on€the€first€two€(2)€charges,€nine€(9)€years€on€the€third€charge€andÏten€(10)€years€on€the€possession€with€intent€charge,€with€all€sentences€to€runÏconcurrently.€€The€other€two€(2)€counts€were€dismissed.€€The€parties€agreed€toÏsubmit€the€issue€of€the€fines€œand›€community€corrections€to€the€trial€judge.€€The€trialÏjudge€assessed€the€minimum€mandatory€fines€of€$2,000€on€each€count€and€deniedÏcommunity€corrections.€€This€appeal€followed.ÌÌà@àà,àò òIIˆÐ  2ð-3 ÐÌó óà ` àAt€the€time€of€sentencing€defendant€was€a€22„year€old€single€mother€of€threeÐ P6 17 Ð(3)€young€children.€€The€father€of€the€children€was€not€providing€child€support,€andÏthe€defendant€was€experiencing€financial€difficulties.€€She€contended€that€sheÐ è985; Ðengaged€in€the€sale€of€drugs€due€to€these€financial€difficulties.€€She€had€no€priorÏcriminal€convictions.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€At€the€time€of€the€hearing€defendant€had€been€incarceratedÐ pÀ Ðapproximately€three€(3)€and€one„half€(ðð)€months.€€Her€mother€cared€for€the€childrenÏduring€defendantððs€incarceration.€€Defendant€has€remained€incarcerated€since€herÏsentencing.€€Ìà ` àAt€the€hearing€the€state€noted€that€the€defendant€had€ð ðdone€a€hundred€five„¼days,€day„for„day.€€If€the€court€feels€like€thatððs€enough€time,€weððre€going€to€defer€toÏthe€court.€€If€the€court€doesnððt,€of€course,€weððre€certainly€not€going€to€object€either.ðð€ÏThe€defendant€sought€placement€in€the€community€corrections€program.€€The€trialÏcourtððs€total€ruling€was€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8 ` àà ¸ àYou€know,€she€was€caught€selling€one,€two,€three,€four€times,Ïthat€she€pled€guilty€to.€€And€she€had€some€that€were€dismissed€out€ofÏthat.€€So,€what€to€do€with€her?€€Sheððs€a€young€lady,€but€she€took€„„€theÏState€thought€enough€of€this€that€they€wouldnððt€settle€it€unless€sheÏtook€ten€years,€and€that€puts€it€about€the€limit€as€far€as€the€regularÏprobation€goes,€for€sure.€€And€Iððm€not€going€to€put€her€on€CommunityÏCorrections.€€Iððm€going€to€let€her€go€down€and€serve€her€time.€€ThatððsÏjust€too€much€drugs,€and€itððs€not€a€small€amount.€€These€were€felonyÏamounts,€over€a€half€gram,€which€the€legislature€evidently€believes€toÏbe€a€large€amount€because€they€put€a€lot€of€punishment€to€it,€so€thatððsÏwhat€society€thinks€of€this€business.€€I€donððt€disagree€with€society€onÏit.€€I€think€that€somethingððs€got€to€be€done.€€Weððve€got€to€stop€people.€ÏAnd€her€only€excuse€for€doing€this€was€she€had€some€bills€sheÏwanted€to€pay,€spreading€poison€throughout€our€whole€community.€ÏNot€once.€€She€didnððt€pay€enough€bills€the€first€time€so€she€did€it€atÏleast€five€times,€or€four€times,€that€sheððs€pled€to.€€And€thatððs€anÏextensive€amount€of€convictions.€€Fines€are€the€minimum€fines,Ïbecause€she€would€probably€never€be€able€to€pay€them€anyway.€€ButÏIððm€not€going€to€just€forgive€them.€€If€she€ever€gets€any€money€whenÏshe€gets€out€sheððll€have€to€go€to€work,€when€she€gets€out€on€parole.€ÏAs€a€condition€of€parole€she€would€have€to€pay€these€fines€and€work,Ïand€stay€out€of€the€housing€projects.€€And€earn€a€living.Ð ` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌà8 ` àà ¸ àThatððs€going€to€be€the€judgment€of€the€Court.€€Department€ofÏCorrections.€€And€I€donððt€know€how€long€theyððll€keep€her.€€They€mayÏkeep€her€a€long€time,€may€not,€who€knows.€€Two€thousand€dollarÏ($2,000)€fine€on€each€one,€standard€offender,€sheððs€already€agreedÏto€30€percent€on€the€original€plea.€€Ð ` Ð ` Ð  Ðà ` àà ¸ àÌà8 ` àà ¸ àThat€will€be€the€judgment€of€the€Court.€€Ð ` Ð ` Ð  ÐÐ p5À04 Ðà@ÄÄ,àœò òIIññIññ›ˆÐ ° ÐÌó óÓÓà ` àThis€Courtððs€review€of€the€sentence€imposed€by€the€trial€court€is€òòde€novoóó€withÐ à Ða€presumption€of€correctness.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€€This€presumptionÏis€conditioned€upon€an€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€judgeÏconsidered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.€ÏòòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€If€the€trial€court€fails€to€complyÐ `  Ðwith€the€statutory€directives,€there€is€no€presumption€of€correctness€and€our€reviewÏis€òòde€novoóó.€€òòState€v.€Pooleóó,€945€S.W.2d€93,€96€(Tenn.€1997).Ð Ð  Ðà ` àThe€Community€Corrections€Act€establishes€a€program€of€community„basedÏalternatives€to€incarceration€for€certain€eligible€offenders.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ à Ð40„36„103.€€A€defendant€is€eligible€for€participation€in€a€community€correctionsÏprogram€if€the€defendant€satisfies€several€minimum€eligibility€criteria€set€forth€atÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€œ40„36„106(a)ññ(1)„(7)ññ.›€€Ìà ` àUnder€the€Criminal€Sentencing€Reform€Act€of€1989,€trial€judges€areÏencouraged€to€use€alternatives€to€incarceration.€€However,€the€defendant€is€notÏpresumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€since€these€convictions€are€Class€B€felonies.€ÏòòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€40„35„102(6).Ð °"  Ðà ` àIn€determining€if€incarceration€is€appropriate,€a€trial€court€ññœññshouldññ›ññ€consider€theÏneed€to€protect€society€by€restraining€a€defendant€having€a€long€history€of€criminalÏconduct,€the€need€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousness€of€the€offense,€whetherÏconfinement€is€particularly€appropriate€to€effectively€deter€others€likely€to€commitÏsimilar€offenses,€and€whether€less€restrictive€measures€have€often€or€recently€beenÏunsuccessfully€applied€to€the€defendant.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(1);€òòsee€alsoóóÐ ð-@), ÐòòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€169;€òòState€v.€Grigsbyóó,€957€S.W.2d€541,€545€(Tenn.Ð Ð/ +. ÐCrim.€App.€1997).Ìà ` àA€court€should€also€consider€the€mitigating€and€enhancing€factors€set€forthÏin€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„113€and€114€as€they€are€relevant€to€the€ðð€40„35„103Ïconsiderations.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(b)(5);€òòState€v.€Bostonóó,€938€S.W.2dÐ P7 26 Ð435,€438€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€Additionally,€a€court€should€consider€theÐ 09€48 Ðdefendantððs€potential€or€lack€of€potential€for€rehabilitation€when€determining€if€anÏalternative€sentence€would€be€appropriate.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(5);€òòStateÐ à Ðv.€Bostonóó,€938€S.W.2d€at€438.€€Ð pÀ Ðœñ ñÌñ ñ›Ìà@¹¹,àœò òIññVññññIIññó ó›ˆÐ 0 € ÐÌà ` àUnfortunately,€the€record€does€not€show€that€the€trial€judge€considered€theÏsentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.€€To€facilitateÏappellate€review,€the€trial€court€must€place€on€the€record€its€reasons€for€arriving€atÏthe€final€sentencing€decision.€€òòState€v.€Pooleóó,€945€S.W.2d€at€96.€€The€only€relevantÐ à Ðstatutory€criteria€addressed€by€the€trial€judge€were€general€deterrence€and€theÏseriousness€of€the€offenses.€€Due€to€the€failure€to€comply€with€the€SentencingÏReform€Act,€there€is€no€presumption€of€correctness€and€this€Court€must€review€theÏsentence€òòde€novoóó.€€òòState€v.€Waltonóó,€958€S.W.2d€724,€728€(Tenn.€1997).€€Ð ` ÐÌà@ÕÕ-àœò òñ!ñIñ!ñV›ˆÐ Ð  ÐÌó óà ` àWe€could€remand€to€the€trial€court€for€further€findings€under€theseÐ $à" Ðcircumstances.€€However,€we€note€that€the€defendant€has€already€beenÏincarcerated€continuously€for€approximately€one€(1)€year.€€We,€therefore,€willÏdetermine€the€sentence€pursuant€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(c)(2).€€Ìà ` àUnder€the€criteria€set€forth€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(1),€we€note€thatÏthe€defendant€does€not€have€a€long€history€of€criminal€conduct€as€she€has€no€priorÏconvictions.€€Less€restrictive€measures€than€confinement€have€not€been€appliedÏunsuccessfully€since€she€has€no€prior€convictions.€€Although€the€trial€court€reliedÏupon€general€deterrence,€there€is€no€proof€in€the€record€relating€to€this€factor.€€òòSeeóóÐ 3à.2 ÐòòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€170.€€We€do€agree€wholeheartedly€with€the€trial€courtÐ p5À04 Ðthat€these€were€serious€offenses.€€We€note,€however,€that€the€offenses€wereÏcommitted€within€a€short€period€of€time€.€€One€sale€and€the€possession€offense€wereÐ 09€48 Ðcommitted€on€the€same€date.Ìà ` àWe€now€examine€mitigating€and€enhancement€factors€as€well€as€the€potentialÏfor€rehabilitation€as€all€are€relevant€in€alternative€sentencing€decisions.€€òòSeeóó€òòStateÐ pÀ Ðv.€Bostonóó,€938€S.W.2d€at€438.€€The€state€has€not€advanced€the€applicability€of€anyÐ P   Ðenhancement€factors,€nor€has€this€Court€been€able€to€find€any€enhancement€factorsÏapplicable.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114.€€In€mitigation€we€note€theÐ `  Ðdefendantððs€lack€of€criminal€convictions.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(13).€×ƒ ×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð ð@  ÐFurther,€there€has€been€no€showing€that€the€defendant€lacks€the€potential€forÏrehabilitation.€€Ìà ` àAt€sentencing€the€state€did€not€object€to€defendant€being€placed€onÏcommunity€corrections.€€Likewise,€the€state€did€not€object€to€the€trial€court€denyingÏcommunity€corrections.€€Ìà ` àIn€summary,€we€agree€with€the€trial€court€that€the€defendant€should€serveÏsubstantial€time€in€incarceration.€€Defendant€has€been€incarcerated€continuously€forÏapproximately€one€year.€€Under€our€power€of€òòde€novoóó€review,€we€conclude€thatÐ ð@ Ðdefendantððs€confinement€has€been€sufficient€to€accomplish€the€purposes€of€theÏCriminal€Sentencing€Reform€Act€of€1989€and€order€that€she€be€placed€under€theÏstrict€requirements€of€community€corrections.ÌÌà@¹¹,àœò òVñ#ññ"ñiñ"ññ#ññ$ñIñ$ñ›ˆÐ P( #& ÐÌó óà ` àFinally,€defendant€contends€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€in€refusing€toÐ ,`'* Ðwaive€or€reduce€the€fines€of€$2,000€for€each€count.€€The€trial€court€imposed€theÏmandatory€minimum€fine€of€$2,000€for€each€offense.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„Ð Ð/ +. Ð17„428(b)(7).€€However,€the€trial€court€may€reduce,€suspend€or€waive€the€mandatoryÏfine€if€the€defendant€is€indigent,€payment€would€result€in€severe€economic€hardship,Ïor€payment€would€not€be€in€the€interests€of€justice.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„17„Ð p5À04 Ð428(d)(1).€€The€trial€court€refused€to€reduce€or€waive€the€mandatory€fines.Ìà ` àCertainly,€a€defendantððs€ability€to€pay€a€fine€is€a€relevant€factor;€however,€itÏis€not€necessarily€the€controlling€factor.€€òòState€v.€Pattersonóó,€966€S.W.2d€435,€446Ð pÀ Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997).€€A€substantial€fine€may€be€punitive€in€the€same€manner€ÌÌthat€incarceration€may€be€punitive.€€òòState€v.€Marshallóó,€870€S.W.2d€532,€542€(Tenn.Ð `  ÐCrim.€App.€1993).€€Ìà ` àIn€imposing€the€minimum€fines,€the€trial€court€noted€the€defendantððs€presentÏinability€to€pay.€€The€trial€court,€nevertheless,€refused€to€ð ðforgive€themðð€finding€thatÏshe€might€have€the€ability€to€pay€in€the€future.€€The€trial€court€retains€jurisdiction,Ïeven€after€final€judgment,€to€modify€the€fines.€€òòState€v.€Blevinsóó,€968€S.W.2d€888,Ð pÀ Ð895€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997);€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„24„102.€€We€conclude€the€trialÏcourt€did€not€err€in€refusing€to€reduce€or€waive€the€mandatory€minimum€fine.€€ÌÌà@xx(àò òòòCONCLUSIONó óóóˆÐ ð@ ÐÌà ` àThis€Court€much€prefers€to€review€sentencing€determinations€with€aÏpresumption€of€correctness€attached€to€the€trial€courtððs€rulings.€€However,€this€CourtÏis€not€authorized€to€do€so€when€the€relevant€sentencing€considerations€are€not€setÏforth€in€the€record.€€We€acknowledge€our€inability€to€observe€the€appearance€andÏdemeanor€of€the€defendant€and€our€disadvantage€in€making€òòde€novoóó€sentencingÐ 0*€%( Ðdeterminations.€€Nevertheless,€it€becomes€our€duty€to€do€so€in€the€absence€of€aÏproper€record.Ìà ` àWe€affirm€the€trial€courtððs€imposition€of€the€fines.€€This€case€is€remanded€toÏthe€trial€court€for€entry€of€a€modified€judgment€which€places€defendant€in€theÏcommunity€corrections€program.€€ÌÌÓÓà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à________________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àò òJOE€G.€RILEY,€JUDGEÐ @837 ÐÌÐ  :p59 ЇÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌó ó_____________________________Ð Ž4Þ/5 Ðò òJOSEPH€M.€TIPTONÐ t5Ä06 ÐÌÌÌó ó_____________________________Ð $9t4: Ðò òTHOMAS€T.€œWOODALLó óññññÐ  :Z5; Ðññññ›