’WPCŠ ų”©wį\‚8vhčūpČ_X Ś»„S¾qŠžåŠaWņšj˜ČKĘŅ'ūšvŌžŒ2ҹØ')UšŠr/=×@é‰vß[ĢŻ†0—o4 ą½\ _ƒ˜…OCo·Q抇šÖX_i@PqhŁĢ éWčœóI«CØēƒ¦ĘĒoVŸFoÆJYk?iØnÖEq ¶„/hš 0+­µŠšWōųķß#æ ļēw›EF^ŻŁŗÄ— eü¤įÆī„Ųń2]‘OŖßém×½k·ŗ;ķŃ•‘µ}XƝ4 l»vO2¶{B'u?GÖE±@š5Ź~T’'R@ƒõ%–eOé•*œZ×ėÄģˆ“Ļ9ĮÕ}Ń‡Ā³Ū £”??Ī”:#-ö,/s0Ņē¤yųēß“ sąS @tģüJŸålhp ()ˆ2V{`3bUR÷€­š{¼¹Ī€ōg—ĻX"Ģķ¾ Ō# qé{EZ!ʹfø”ż<&„Õõ .1_h2hÆądi°“ųƒ0ī;hS‘ż ¦Rć7& Ó3ü“Ó©“ÄĻä+ƒäšæ ®G ą¦Źpé2…ŹNĒr_cļ±ęøX]vž;‹b‰•¢t Pp %&Ö¶ß*# LUNW %„ 0(«U:Ów@ 4MaU:pŖ² 0 §Į 0DhU:¬«ęš‘ 5 U:¶ š U:¬@U:ģU:&š`U:PŠU: ”ŚU:{U:µ 0Dļ AQ3ʄ BJ 0Dg 0D«(ļ D/U:F B€ D3˜HP LaserJet 4HPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLąĻ(ČhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($””, ųš AZ"Arial Regular ;!!?!E@!A!C!D!E!Ӏ©eE%"Ar3|xP!, ųš AZ"Arial Regular Ż ƒ p•$ŻŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŌ€X*ĢXXXŌą Œ ąņņŚ  Ś1Ś  ŚóóŻ  ŻŌ€ōŁÕōXX*ĢŌThis€form€bears€the€typed€notation:€"SENTENCING€STAYED€PENDING€PRE„SENTENCEŠ `  ŠREPORT."(W(2u$¤¤Ż ƒ!ŻŻ  ŻŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŌ€X¦šXXXŌą Œ ąņņŚ  Ś0Ś  Śóó(#Ć$ņņŚ  Ś0Ś  Śóó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ”Ż ƒ p•$ŻŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŌ€X*ĢXXXŌą Œ ąņņŚ  Ś3Ś  ŚóóŻ  ŻŌ€ōŁÕōXX*ĢŌŌ‡ōŁÕōōōŁÕŌThe€factors€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„14(6)€and€(16)€were€improperly€applied€based€uponŠ `  Šthe€holding€in€ņņState€v.€Williamsonóó,€919€S.W.2d€69€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€Ō#†ōŁÕōōōŁÕ#Ō ęŻ ƒ p•$ŻŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŌ€XźÅXXXŌą Œ ąņņŚ  Ś1Ś  ŚóóŻ  ŻThis€form€bears€the€typed€notation:€"SENTENCING€STAYED€PENDINGŠ `  ŠPRE„SENTENCE€REPORT." +Ż ƒ p•$ŻŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŌ€X*ĢXXXŌą Œ ąņņŚ  Ś2Ś  ŚóóŻ  ŻŌ€ōŁÕōXX*ĢŌA€plea€of€nolo€contendere€cannot€be€used€against€a€defendant€in€a€subsequent€civil€suit.€Š `  ŠRule€11(e)(6),€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ż ƒ p•$ŻŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŌ€XźÅXXXŌą Œ ąņņŚ  Ś2Ś  ŚóóŻ  ŻA€plea€of€nolo€contendere€cannot€be€used€against€a€defendant€in€aŠ `  Šsubsequent€civil€suit.€€Rule€11(e)(6),€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ¢Ż ƒ p•$ŻŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŌ€XźÅXXXŌą Œ ąņņŚ  Ś3Ś  ŚóóŻ  ŻŌ‡XźÅXXXźÅŌŌ€ō•ŅōXXźÅŌThe€factors€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„14(6)€and€(16)€were€improperly€applied€based€uponŠ `  Šthe€holding€in€ņņState€v.€Williamsonóó,€919€S.W.2d€69€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995)).€€Ō#†ō•Ņōōō•Ņ~#Ō,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular, ųš AZ"Arial Regular ęŻ ƒ p•$ŻŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŌ€XźÅXXXŌą Œ ąņņŚ  Ś1Ś  ŚóóŻ  ŻThis€form€bears€the€typed€notation:€"SENTENCING€STAYED€PENDINGŠ `  ŠPRE„SENTENCE€REPORT.",c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ż ƒ p•$ŻŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŌ€XźÅXXXŌą Œ ąņņŚ  Ś2Ś  ŚóóŻ  ŻA€plea€of€nolo€contendere€cannot€be€used€against€a€defendant€in€aŠ `  Šsubsequent€civil€suit.€€Rule€11(e)(6),€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular —Ż ƒ p•$ŻŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŌ€XźÅXXXŌą Œ ąņņŚ  Ś3Ś  ŚóóŻ  ŻŌ‡XźÅXXXźÅŌThe€factors€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„14(6)€and€(16)€were€improperlyŠ `  Šapplied€based€upon€the€holding€in€ņņState€v.€Williamsonóó,€919€S.W.2d€69€(Tenn.€Crim.Š F ę ŠApp.€1995)).€€Ō#†XźÅXXXźÅ~#Ō,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular, ųš AZ"Arial Regular(3Æ$¢¢Ż ƒ!ŻŻ  Ż!#$&Cž’<< C’’ƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 d(3Æ$££Ż ƒ!ŻŻ  Ż($$””ņ ņŚ  Ś1Ś  Śó ó Ż ƒÆ"ŻŻ  ŻŌ€'X¦šXXXŌŌ€'’AX'X¦šŌÓ  ÓŌ Ad ŌFILEDŌ€'X¦šX'’AŌŠ  ŠĢņ ņOctober€13,€1998Š šš ŠĢCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ĢŌ€'ōp˜ōX'X¦šŌAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó(('÷’ dxd,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regularü’P Pd""""'’’dxdŻ ƒ!ŻŻ  ŻńE!ń›ńE!ńŌ€XŒXXXŌŌ‡ XŒXXXŒŌŃ` °ŃŃܰŃŅ4°ŅŅX°ŅŃTR[¤ AŲ'’ Legal3Ų' AŲ'’ Legal’3Ų'TŃņņŃ7€ŒXdšXXdš7ŃŃ  ŃńE!ńßr€ %)<,(j 8` `€€@E f ` ttx$X` š ŚrߛńE!ńą@j j ŚąIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆŠ `  ŠĢÓ  ÓAT€KNOXVILLEóóŠ @ ą ŠÓ ÓĢą@(ŚąJULY€1998€SESSIONˆĢĢĢĢSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,ą ” ąą ģ ąą D ą*€ą œ ąNo.€03C01„9710„CC„00470Š ą€ Šą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąĢą Œ ąą ä ąAppellee,ą ” ąą ģ ąą D ą*ą œ ąRHEA€COUNTYŠ Ą`  Šą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ą€Ģvs.ą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ą*ą œ ąHon.€J.€Curtis€Smith,€JudgeŠ  @  ŠĢJOEY€D.€BIDWELL,ą ” ąą ģ ąą D ą*ą œ ą(Motion€to€Withdraw€Š €  Šą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ą€Plea€of€Nolo€Contendere)Ģą Œ ąą ä ąAppellant.ą ” ąą ģ ąą D ą*Š ` ŠĢĢĢĢĢņņFor€Appellantóó:ą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąņņFor€Appelleeóó:Š   ŠĢCarol€Ann€Barroną < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąJohn€Knox€WalkupŠ ą€ ŠAttorney€ą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąAttorney€General€&€ReporterŠ Š p Š264€Third€AvenueĢDayton,€TN€€37321ą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąEllen€H.€PollackŠ °"P Š(at€motion€to€withdrawą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąAssistant€Attorney€GeneralŠ  #@ Šand€on€appeal)ą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ą425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthŠ $0 Šą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ĢĢŌ#†XŒXX XŒE#Ōą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąWill€DunnŌ‡ XŒXXXŒŌŠ `'  Šą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąŌ#†XŒXX XŒr #ŌAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralŌ‡ XŒXXXŒŌŠ P(š! Šą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąŌ#†XŒXX XŒ@ #Ōą D ąą œ ąFirst€American€Bank€BuildingŌ‡ XŒXXXŒŌŠ @)ą" Šą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąThird€and€Market€StreetsĢą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąDayton,€TN€€37321Ģą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąą ō ąą L ąą ¤ ąą ü! ąą T$ ą¼ą Œ ąą ä ąĢą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąą œ ąĢĢĢOPINION€FILED:___________________________ĢĢĢAFFIRMEDĢĢĢGARY€R.€WADE,€PRESIDING€JUDGEŠ  @8ą.2S ŠÓÓą@33-Śąņņņ ņOPINIONó óóóŌ#†XŒXX XŒ #ԈŠ `  Šą Œ ąą ä ąThe€defendant,€Joey€D.€Bidwell,€appeals€the€trial€court's€denial€of€hisĻmotion€to€withdraw€his€pleas€of€nolo€contendere€to€two€counts€of€vehicular€assault,€aĻClass€D€felony.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€39„13„106.€€The€issue€presented€for€review€isĻwhether€the€trial€court€should€have€permitted€withdrawal€of€his€pleas.€€We€affirm€theĻjudgment€of€the€trial€court.ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€defendant€was€indicted€for€the€vehicular€assault€of€Leslie€HoldmanĻand€Larry€Essex€resulting€from€an€auto€accident€in€which€the€defendant,€who€had€aĻblood€alcohol€level€of€.16,€drove€his€vehicle€into€the€rear€of€the€victims'€sport€utilityĻvehicle€on€Highway€68€in€Rhea€County.€€Ms.€Holdman€and€Mr.€Essex€sufferedĻserious€physical€injuries€and€emotional€trauma€as€a€result.€€Whether€the€victims'Ļvehicle's€brake€lights€were€in€proper€working€order€and€whether€they€had€stoppedĻillegally€in€the€road€would€have€been€contested€issues€at€trial.ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąAt€the€plea€submission€hearing,€the€defendant€waived€his€right€to€aĻformal€reading€of€the€indictment.€€The€following€colloquy€occurred:ĢÓÓą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąMr.€Bidwell,€you€must€understand€theŠ @)ą" Šcharge€that€you're€pleading€to.€€In€order€toĻdo€that€[the€prosecutor]€is€going€to€giveĻsome€information€to€help€you€understandĻthis€charge.€€The€first€information€he€willĻgive€is€the€original€charge€and€then€he'llĻalso€tell€me€the€charge€you're€pleading€to€ifĻit's€different.€€On€the€charge€that€you'reĻpleading€to€he€will€state€the€elements€ofĻthat€offense....€€Third,€he'll€give€theĻminimum€and€maximum€sentence€for€theĻcharge€that€you're€pleading€to€and€fourth,Ļhe'll€state€his€recommendations....Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąState:ą0<ä Š ä Š ąą0”<Š <Š ąYour€Honor,€it's€two€counts€of€vehicularŠ `6-0 Šassault€and€he€is€entering€a€noloĻcontendere€plea€to€those€....€€On€vehicularŠ @8ą.2 Šassault€the€State€would€have€to€prove€inĻeach€case€that€there€was€an€individual€thatĻsuffered€serious€bodily€injury€...€due€to€theŠ  9Ŗ/5 Šoperation€of€...€an€automobile€by€theĻDefendant€and€that€the€particular€assaultĻwas€a€direct€or€[]proximate€result€of€theĻDefendant's€intoxication€and€that€[it]Ļhappened€here€in€this€county....Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąAll€right,€the€minimum€and€maximumŠ Äd Šsentences.Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąState:ą0<ä Š ä Š ąą0”<Š <Š ąWell,€the€minimum,€it€is€a€two€to€four€yearŠ v  Šsentence€as€a€Class€D€felony,€and€the€fineĻis€up€to€a€$5,000.00€fine.Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą ” ąAll€right.€€The€recommendation€is.Š® ä Š ä Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąState:ą0<ä Š ä Š ąą0”<Š <Š ąYour€Honor,€we're€going€to€ask€for€a€pre„Š Śz  Šsentence€for€the€Court€and€have€aĻsentencing€hearing€at€some€later€date.Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąAll€right.€€Did€you€hear€what€was€said,€Mr.Š r ŠBidwell?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąYes.Š$ĔР”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąAny€questions€about€what€the€State€wouldŠ š Šhave€to€prove€to€convict€you€of€thisĻoffense?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąNo.Šˆ"(”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąAny€questions€about€the€minimum€orŠ T$ō Šmaximum€penalties€for€the€offense?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąNo.Š'¦!”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąAny€questions€about€the€recommendation?ŠŅ(r#”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ą(Shakes€head€from€left€to€right.)Šž*>!%”Š ”Š  ŠÓ’ÓĢThe€trial€court€then€instructed€the€defendant€of€the€constitutional€rights€that€he€wasĻrelinquishing€by€entering€a€plea.€€The€defendant€had€no€questions€and€voluntarilyĻgave€up€the€right€to€jury€trial,€the€right€to€confront€witnesses,€the€right€to€remainĻsilent,€and€the€right€to€call€witnesses€and€present€evidence€in€his€defense.€€After€thisĻlitany€of€rights€was€explained,€the€following€exchange€occurred:ĢÓÓą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąDo€you€have€any€questions€about€yourŠ L6ģ,2 Šconstitutional€rights€or€any€questions€at€all,ĻMr.€Bidwell?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠŠ ž8ž/5 Šą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąNo.Š` ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąDo€you€voluntarily€give€up€theseŠ , Ģ Šconstitutional€rights€to€enter€this€plea?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąYes.ŠŽ ~”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąMr.€Bidwell,€I€have€a€written€request€to€giveŠ ŖJ Šup€your€jury€trial€right,€and€it's€signed€JoeyĻBidwell,€did€you€sign€this?ńA!ńńC!ń׃ ×ńC!ńńC!ń׃×ńC!ńńA!ńńA!ń׃×ńA!ńŻ ƒ #ĆŻņņŚ  Ś1Ś  ŚóóŻ  Ż×  ׊v ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąYes.ŠB⠔Р”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąDid€you€either€read€it€or€talk€with€yourŠ ®  Šattorney€about€it€before€you€did?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąYes.ŠĄ`”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąAll€right,€if€[the€prosecutor€will]€summarizeŠ Œ, Šthe€facts€....Š ”Š ”Š  Šą@ee/Śą***ˆĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąIs€there€anything€that€[the€prosecutor]€saidŠ >Ž Šthat€you€want€to€explain€or€question,€Mr.ĻBidwell?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąNo.ŠÖv”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąHave€you€talked€with€your€attorney€aboutŠ ¢!B Šyour€case€and€any€possible€defenses€thatĻyou€might€have?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąYeah.Š:%ڔР”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąAre€you€satisfied€with€the€way€that€[yourŠ '¦! Šattorney]€has€represented€you?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąYes.Šø)X $”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąAnybody€promised€you€anything€about€yourŠ „+$"& Šcase€other€than€what€I've€heard€hereĻtoday?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąNo.Š/¼%*”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąAnybody€forced€you€against€your€will€toŠ č0ˆ', Šenter€this€plea?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąNo.Šš3:*/”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąIf€I€accept€your€plea€...€you€will€have€theseŠ f5,1 Šfelony€convictions€on€your€record.€...€€I€wantĻyou€to€understand€that€if€you€get€intoĻtrouble€in€the€future€that€these€convictionsĻcan€be€used€against€you€to€cause€you€toĻreceive€greater€punishment€for€futureĻviolations€of€the€law,€do€you€understandĻthat?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąYes.А0”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąYou're€entering€a€nolo€contendere€plea,€isŠ \ü  Šthat€correct€...?Š ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąDefendant:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąYes.Š® ”Š ”Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąCourt:ą0”ä Š ä Š ąBased€on€your€plea€and€these€facts,€Mr.Š Śz  ŠBidwell,€I€find€you€guilty€beyond€aĻreasonable€doubt€of€the€two€vehicularĻassault€charges,€a€Class€D€felony.€€I€believeĻyou€understand€your€constitutional€rightsĻand€you've€given€those€up€voluntarily.€€WeĻwill€order€a€pre„sentence€investigation.Š ”Š ”Š  ŠÓ‹ ÓĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€Ms.€Holdman,€a€thirty„seven„year„old€victim,Ļtestified€that€she€could€not€recall€the€accident€that€caused€her€injuries€except€forĻbeing€taken€via€helicopter€to€a€hospital.€€She€suffered€back€and€head€injuries€thatĻresulted€in€permanent€damage.€€Ligaments€were€torn€in€her€knees€and€jaw.€€HerĻsinuses€collapsed€and€she€could€not€smell€or€taste€and€underwent€surgery.€ĻAdditional€surgeries€are€forecasted.€€Ms.€Holdman€has€accumulated€medicalĻexpenses€in€the€amount€of€$60,000.00€and€her€marriage€and€family€life€has€becomeĻstrained.€€She€asked€the€court€to€impose€the€maximum€penalty.€€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąMr.€Essex,€a€forty„eight„year„old€victim,€recalled€that€he€was€drivingĻdown€the€highway€at€about€fifty€miles€per€hour€and€saw€headlights€approachingĻquickly€in€his€rear€view€mirror.€€The€approaching€car€struck€his€vehicle,€a€1989€GMCĻJimmy,€in€the€rear.€€The€impact€knocked€him€unconscious.€€He€was€taken€by€a€ĻLifeforce€helicopter€to€a€nearby€medical€center.€€He€suffered€a€"closed€head"€injury,Š 8ø.4 Ša€blood€clot,€and€had€plates€inserted€around€his€eye.€€His€jaws€and€right€arm€wereĻbroken.€€He€has€memory€lapses€and€feels€depressed.€€Since€the€accident,€he€hasĻundergone€four€surgeries€and,€in€the€future,€he€will€require€extensive€medicalĻtreatment.€€He€testified€that€the€accident€and€injuries€had€placed€extreme€pressureĻon€his€wife.€€His€medical€bills€thus€far€totaled€about€$125,000.00€to€œń;!ń$ń;!ń140,000.00.›€ĻMr.€Essex€also€requested€that€the€trial€court€impose€the€maximum€sentence.€€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€pre„sentence€report€revealed€that€Ms.€Holdman€has€a€civil€suitĻpending€against€the€defendant€demanding€damages€in€the€amount€of€$750,000.00.€ĻMr.€Essex€also€filed€a€civil€suit€against€the€defendant€demanding€compensatoryĻdamages€of€$1,200,000.00€and€punitive€damages€in€the€amount€of€$2,400,000.00.ńA!ńńC!ń׃×ńC!ńńC!ń׃×ńC!ńńA!ńńA!ń׃×ńA!ńŻ ƒ #ĆŻņņŚ  Ś2Ś  ŚóóŻ  Ż×  ׀€Š Xų ŠĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€defendant€was€last€arrested€in€1995€on€charges€of€leaving€theĻscene€of€an€accident€involving€the€death€of€a€person.€€He€was€a€passenger€in€theĻvehicle€and€this€charge€was€dismissed.€€In€1992,€he€was€charged€with€driving€underĻthe€influence€and,€pro€se,€entered€a€guilty€plea€for€the€reduced€charge€of€recklessĻdriving.€€He€was€sentenced€to€six€months,€suspended,€and€required€to€serve€twoĻweekends€in€jail.€€He€was€fined€$400.00.€€In€1991,€he€was€arrested€and€charged€withĻpublic€intoxication.€€He€pled€guilty€to€the€charge€and€was€sentenced€to€fifteen€days,Ļsuspended,€and€fined€$25.00.€€In€1990,€he€was€cited€for€speeding€and€fined.€€TheĻdefendant€has€no€prior€felony€convictions.€€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€defendant,€a€high„school€graduate,Ļtestified€that€he€has€lived€in€Ten€Mile€and€worked€the€second€shift€at€La„Z„Boy€forĻabout€ten€years.€€He€recalled€that€the€night€of€the€accident€he€was€driving€fifty„five€orŠ €4 +0 Šsixty€miles€per€hour€and€came€upon€a€vehicle€stopped€in€the€road.€€He€saw€no€lightsĻon€the€vehicle€and,€while€he€tried€to€avoid€the€vehicle,€he€could€not.€€He€admittedĻthat€he€had€been€drinking€at€a€bar€immediately€prior€to€the€accident.€€His€bloodĻalcohol€level€was€.16.€€He€sustained€a€broken€arm€and€cuts€to€his€head.€€TheĻdefendant€expressed€remorse€and€maintained€that€the€wreck€was€an€accident.€ĻSince€then,€he€claimed€to€have€been€saved€and€now€is€"right€with€the€Lord."€€HeĻasserted€that€he€has€not€"touched€a€drop"€of€alcohol€since€August€of€1996.€€TheĻdefendant€maintained€that€he€could€keep€his€life€together€if€the€trial€court€awardedĻprobation€or€community€corrections.€€He€stated€he€would€do€whatever€the€courtĻrequired.€€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąKeith€Allen€Kile,€the€defendant's€pastor,€attested€to€the€conversion€ofĻthe€defendant.€€When€asked€whether€he€had€ever€seen€the€defendant€drive€toĻchurch,€Reverend€Kile€acknowledged€that€he€had€but€he€was€unaware€that€theĻdefendant's€drivers€license€had€been€revoked.€€Linda€Hickman,€a€friend€of€theĻdefendant's€family,€testified€that€the€defendant€had€"straightened€up€his€life€...€he's€aĻtotally€different€person."€€She€acknowledged€that€the€defendant€had€"run€with€theĻwrong€crowd"€in€the€past€but€maintained€that€he€no€longer€associated€with€his€oldĻfriends.€€Ms.€Hickman€stated€that€she€would€help€the€defendant€with€his€drinkingĻproblem€if€he€were€given€probation.ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąHarold€Bidwell,€the€defendant's€father,€allowed€the€defendant€and€hisĻwife€to€live€in€a€mobile€home€on€his€property.€€He€testified€that€since€the€accident,Ļthe€defendant€had€been€saved€and€no€longer€drank€alcohol.€€Mr.€Bidwell€runs€aĻsawmill€and€the€defendant€helps€him€in€the€mornings€before€he€goes€to€work€at€œń=!ńLa„ń=!ńń!ńLań>!ńń?!ńń>!ń_ń>!ńń?!ńń@!ń„¼Z„ń@!ńBoy.›€€Aware€that€the€defendant€did€not€have€a€driver's€license,€he€conceded€thatĻhe€saw€the€defendant€driving€only€one€week€prior€to€the€sentencing€hearing.€€Š 8ø.4 Їą Œ ąą ä ąJoyce€Bidwell,€the€defendant's€mother,€testified€that€she€was€aware€ofĻthe€defendant's€drinking€problem€and€did€not€approve.€€She€stated€that€her€son€hadĻexperienced€a€religious€conversion,€had€acted€responsibly€since€then,€attendedĻchurch€regularly,€and€no€longer€consumed€alcohol.€€Charles€Armour€and€EddieĻArmour,€first€cousins€to€the€defendant,€also€testified€to€the€defendant's€conversionĻand€offered€support.€€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąDavid€Shinn,€a€probation€officer€with€the€Department€of€Correction,Ļtestified€that€according€to€the€records€of€the€Department€of€Safety,€the€defendant'sĻdriver's€license€had€been€revoked.€€Mr.€Shinn€stated€that€he€had€contacted€theĻdefendant€several€weeks€prior€to€the€sentencing€hearing€and€that€the€defendantĻclaimed€that€his€wife€drove€him€to€and€from€work.€€€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€state€recommended€a€three„year€sentence€with€the€Department€ofĻCorrection.€€Defense€counsel€sought€a€suspended€sentence.€€The€trial€courtĻconcluded€that€the€defendant€had€a€history€of€criminal€convictions€and€criminalϜbehavior›€and€had€continued€to€drive€on€a€revoked€license.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„¼35„114(1).€€The€trial€court€also€concluded€that€personal€injuries€to€the€victims€andĻproperty€damages€to€their€vehicle€were€particularly€great€and€that€the€crime€wasĻcommitted€under€circumstances€in€which€the€potential€for€bodily€injury€was€great.€ĻTenn.€Code€Ann.€šš€40„35„14(6),€(16).€€The€trial€court€placed€greatest€weight€onĻthese€latter€two€enhancement€factorsńA!ńœńC!ń׃×ńC!ńńC!ń׃×ńC!ńńA!ńńA!ń׃×ńA!ńŻ ƒ #ĆŻņņŚ  Ś3Ś  ŚóóŻ  Ż×  כ€and€sentenced€the€defendant,€who€qualifiedŠ /¼%* Šas€a€Range€I€offender,€to€two€concurrent€four„year€terms.€€He€was€ordered€to€serveĻone€year€in€the€county€jail€followed€by€ten€years€on€supervised€probation.€€As€aĻcondition€of€probation,€the€defendant€was€ordered€to€complete€three€hundred€hoursŠ €4 +0 Šof€public€service€work,€attend€AA€meetings,€and€pay€a€total€of€$50,000.00€inĻrestitution.ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąAfterward,€the€defendant€retained€new€counsel€and€within€thirty€daysĻfiled€a€motion€to€withdraw€his€pleas.€€He€cited€as€grounds€that€he€had€not€beenĻinformed€that€he€could€not€withdraw€his€pleas€if€the€trial€court€rejected€the€state'sĻrecommended€three„year€sentence,€that€he€entered€the€pleas€because€his€attorneyĻmisadvised€him€about€the€sentence€he€would€face€had€he€gone€to€trial,€and€that€hisĻsentence€was€illegal.€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąAt€the€hearing€on€the€motion€to€withdraw,€defense€counsel€asked€theĻcourt€to€strike€the€third€assignment€of€error€regarding€the€imposition€of€an€illegalĻsentence.€€The€motion€hearing€proceeded€on€the€two€remaining€grounds,€that€is,€(a)Ļthat€the€defendant€was€not€informed€that€he€could€not€withdraw€his€pleas€if€the€courtĻrejected€the€state's€recommended€sentence,€and€(b)€that€the€defendant€entered€hisĻpleas€because€of€the€œmisadvice›€of€his€attorney.ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€defendant€testified€that€his€former€counsel€had€advised€him€that€ifĻhe€proceeded€to€trial,€a€sentence€of€twelve€years€could€be€imposed€for€each€countĻof€vehicular€assault€and€that€the€trial€court€could€order€them€to€be€servedĻconsecutively.€€He€claimed€his€attorney€advised€him€that€nolo€contendere€pleasĻwould€result€in€"10€to€30€days€in€jail€and€I€could€do€that€on€weekends.€...€And€that€heĻcould€issue€probation€at€the€time."€€The€defendant€maintained€he€was€never€advisedĻthat€the€trial€court€could€impose€a€sentence€regardless€of€the€recommendations€ofĻcounsel.€€He€stated€that€it€was€his€understanding€that€œńD!ńthe€ńD!ńassistant›€district€attorneyĻhad€agreed€to€probation.€€He€contended€that€he€would€have€withdrawn€his€pleasĻafter€the€sentencing€hearing€had€the€trial€court€given€him€an€opportunity€to€do€so,Š 8ø.4 Šclaiming€that€he€never€would€have€entered€the€pleas€had€he€known€what€hisĻsentence€would€be.€€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąDuring€cross„examination,€the€defendant€conceded€that€the€mainĻreason€he€wished€to€withdraw€his€pleas€was€because€he€expected€a€lower€sentenceϜand€because›€he€had€complaints€about€his€counsel.€€He€acknowledged€that€he€hadĻunderstood€what€the€trial€judge€had€told€him€at€the€plea€submission€hearing,€that€heĻhad€told€the€truth,€and€that€he€was€not€under€the€influence€of€drugs€or€alcohol€whenĻentering€his€pleas.€€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąKim€Bidwell,€wife€of€the€defendant,€testified€that€his€former€counselĻhad€warned€that€if€he€went€to€trial,€he€would€"get€the€maximum€...€and€they'll€runĻthem€separate€...."€€She€claimed€that€the€defendant's€former€counsel€returned€from€aĻdiscussion€with€assistant€district€attorney€and€announced€the€state€would€ask€forĻimmediate€probation€in€return€for€a€plea€of€nolo€contendere€and€that€the€defendantĻcould€expect,€at€worst,€a€few€months€of€jail€time.€€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąLater,€the€assistant€district€attorney€argued€that€there€was€no€suchĻagreement€and€he€had€been€inclined€to€proceed€to€trial€given€the€facts€of€the€caseĻand€the€seriousness€of€the€injuries€to€the€victims.€€He€entered€as€an€exhibit€theĻdefendant's€criminal€trial€docket€sheet€which€indicated€as€follows:€"3„13„96[:]€Deft.Ļpresent€w/€counsel€„€Waives€Jury€Trial€„€Enters€Plea€of€Nolo€Contendere€to€bothĻcounts€of€Vehicular€Assault€„€Range€I,€Standard€„€Sentence€stayed€pending€Pre„¼sentence€Investigation.€€Sentencing€6„18„97."ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€trial€court€ruled€as€follows:ĢÓÓą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąIt€really€boils€down€to€an€issue€of€credibility€of€theĻwitnesses.€...€[A]lcohol€was€involved€...€we€had€twoŠ ž8ž/5 Švictims€horribly€injured.€Yes,€[the€defendant]€testifiesĻtoday€that€he€thought€he€could€plea€for€a€few€days€in€jailĻand€a€little€community€service€work€and€that€his€attorneyĻwas€telling€him€œthat€that›€was€the€kind€of€plea€that€heĻcould€get.€€Even€though,€again,€we€have€extremelyĻserious€injuries€...€I€just€don't€find€it€credible€that€[theĻdefendant]€was€told,€or€could€have€believed,€that€nearlyĻkilling€two€people€with€the€level€of€blood€alcohol€that€heĻhad€in€his€body€was€going€to€be€something€that€he€couldĻwalk€away€from€with€basically€a€slap€on€the€hand.€€I€don'tĻfind€that€to€be€a€credible€position.€€I€don't€find€hisĻtestimony€in€that€regard€to€be€credible.€€Š ä Š ä Š  ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąą < ąI€spent€some€amount€of€time€in€the€plea€...€goingĻover€with€[the€defendant]€the€nature€of€the€charge€....€ĻThere€was€never€any€announcement€that€anybody€butĻthe€Court€would€sentence€him€œafter›€a€pre„sentenceĻinvestigation.€€There's€nothing€in€any€of€the€transcriptsĻthat€indicates€anything€to€the€contrary.€...€[T]he€standardĻis€manifest€injustice€...€I€don't€think€[the€defendant]€hasĻshown€manifest€injustice€based€on€the€testimony€....Š ä Š ä Š  ŠÓBZÓĢĢą@``/Śą(a)ą@@ŚŚ0ŚąˆĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€defendant€maintains€that€he€was€not€warned€that€the€trial€courtĻcould€disregard€the€sentencing€recommendation€of€the€state€and€the€defense€and,Ļthus,€he€should€be€permitted€to€withdraw€his€plea.€€ņņSeeóó€Rule€11,€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.Š :%Ś ŠĢą Œ ąą ä ąRule€11,€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.,€governs€the€entry€and€withdrawal€of€pleasĻin€Tennessee.€€It€is€substantially€the€same€as€the€federal€rule.€€ņņSeeóó€CommissionŠ ž*>!% ŠComment.€€€Subsection€(e),€in€particular,€approves€the€common€practice€of€pleaĻnegotiationand€contemplates€three€types€of€plea€agreements:ĢÓÓą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ą(1)€In€general.€€€The€district€attorney€general€and€theĻattorney€for€the€defendant€or€the€defendant€when€actingĻpro€se€may€engage€in€discussions€with€a€view€towardĻreaching€an€agreement,€that€upon€the€entering€of€a€pleaĻof€guilty€or€nolo€contendere€to€a€charged€offense€or€to€aĻlesser€or€related€offense,€the€district€attorney€will€do€anyĻof€the€following:Š ä Š ä Š  Šą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąą < ą(A)€€move€for€dismissal€of€other€charges;€orŠ ä Š ä Š  Šą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąą < ą(B)€€make€a€recommendation,€or€agree€not€toĻoppose€the€defendant's€request,€for€a€particularĻsentence,€with€the€understanding€that€suchŠ ž8ž/5 Šrecommendation€or€request€shall€not€be€binding€upon€theĻcourt;€orŠ ä Š ä Š  Šą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąą < ą(C)€€agree€that€a€specific€sentence€is€theĻappropriate€disposition€of€the€case.ÓTbÓŠ ä Š ä Š  ŠThe€Commission€Comment€explains€that,€while€subsection€(e)(1)€lists€three€types€ofĻplea€agreements,€this€list€is€not€exclusive.€€In€ņņGoosby€v.€Stateóó,€917€S.W.2d€700Š ŖJ Š(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995),€this€court€discussed€the€three€types€of€plea€agreementsĻauthorized€by€this€rule:€€ĢÓÓą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąA€plea€agreement€under€Rule€11(e)(1)(A)€anticipates€aĻplea€to€certain€charges€in€exchange€for€dismissal€of€otherĻcharges.€€An€agreement€under€Rule€11(e)(1)(B)Ļanticipates€a€recommended€disposition€by€the€state€(orĻan€agreement€not€to€oppose€a€recommendedĻdisposition),€but€the€recommendation€does€not€bind€theĻcourt.€€Under€Rule€11(e)(1)(C),€known€as€a€"bindingĻplea,"€the€parties€agree€to€a€"specific€sentence€[as]€theĻappropriate€disposition€of€the€case."€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.Ļ11(e)(1)(c).Š ä Š ä Š  Šą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąą < ąA€court€retains€discretion€to€accept€or€reject€anĻ(e)(1)(A)€or€(e)(1)(C)€plea.€€In€an€(e)(1)(B)€plea,€the€courtĻis€required€to€advise€the€defendant€that€the€court€is€notĻbound€by€the€prosecution's€recommendation.€€If€the€courtĻrejects€the€terms€of€an€(e)(1)(B)€agreement,€ņņthe€trialŠ ¢!B Šjudge€must€advise€the€defendant€personally€in€open€courtĻthat€since€the€court€is€not€bound€by€the€agreement,Ļdefendant's€persistence€in€the€plea€may€result€in€aĻdisposition€less€favorable€than€that€contemplated€by€theĻagreementóó.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€11(e)(2).€€Once€anŠ  &Ą  Š(e)(1)(B)€guilty€plea€is€accepted€by€the€court,€theĻdefendant€may€not€withdraw€the€plea.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.Ļ11(e)(2).€€If,€however,€the€court€rejects€the€terms€of€aĻ"binding€plea"€pursuant€to€(e)(1)(A)€or€(C),€then€theĻdefendant€may€withdraw€the€guilty€plea€since€the€plea€isĻconditioned€upon€a€specific€result.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.Ļ11(e)(2).Š ä Š ä Š  ŠĢÓbgÓņņId.óó€at€706€(emphasis€added).Š 6.Ö$) Šą Œ ąĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€plea€agreement€in€this€case€was€not€enumerated€by€the€rule.€€TheĻdefendant€pled€to€the€indictment;€that€is,€there€was€neither€a€reduction€of€theĻcharges€nor€a€dismissal€of€any€charge,€thus€this€was€not€an€(e)(1)(A)€agreement.€ĻNor€was€there€an€agreed„upon€sentence€at€the€time€the€plea€was€entered;€therefore,Ļthis€was€not€a€classic€(e)(1)(C)€agreement.€€Lastly,€an€(e)(1)(B)€agreement€wouldŠ ž8ž/5 Šrequire€a€recommended€sentence€by€the€state€or€a€declaration€by€the€state€that€itĻwould€not€take€a€position€against€the€defendant's€requested€sentence.€€That€was€notĻdone€in€this€case.€€The€district€attorney€simply€requested€a€pre„sentence€report€andĻsentencing€hearing.€€At€the€motion€to€withdraw,€the€trial€court€found€as€a€fact€thatĻthere€was€no€sentencing€agreement€between€the€prosecutor€and€the€defendant.€ĻThus,€this€plea€was€an€open€plea,€involving€no€recommendation€by€the€state€otherĻthan€a€pre„sentence€investigation,€through€which€a€defendant€is€sentencedĻaccording€to€the€œCriminal€Sentencing›€Reform€œAct€of€1989.›€€In€our€view,€the€trial€courtĻis€not€required€to€inform€the€defendant€under€these€circumstances€that€the€pleaĻcannot€later€be€withdrawn.Ģą Œ ąĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€withdrawal€of€a€plea€is€governed€by€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€32(f).€€ņņSeeóóŠ $Ä ŠņņState€v.€Bilbreyóó,€816€S.W.2d€71,€75„76€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€When€the€motionŠ š Šis€filed€after€the€imposition€of€sentence,€as€in€this€case,€the€standard€to€be€applied€isĻwhether€there€is€"manifest€injustice."€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€32(f);€ņņsee€alsoóó€œņņState€v.Š ˆ"( ŠDavisóó,›€823€S.W.2d€œ217,€219„20€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).›€€While€the€principle€ofŠ T$ō Šmanifest€injustice€encompasses€constitutional€violations,€it€also€may€includeĻsituations€where€there€was€a€clear€injustice€without€a€constitutional€deprivation.€ĻņņState€v.€Antonio€Demonte€Lyonsóó,€No.€01C01„9508„CR„00263,€slip€op.€at€16€(Tenn.Š ø)X $ ŠCrim.€App.,€at€Nashville,€Aug.€15,€1997).€€Whether€there€has€been€manifest€injusticeĻis€determined€by€the€courts€on€a€case€by€case€basis.€€ņņState€v.€Turneróó,€919€S.W.2d€atŠ P-š#( Š355.€€In€ņņTurneróó,€this€court€observed€as€follows:ÓÓŠ /¼%* ŠĢą8 Œ ąą8ä Œ (#Œ (#ąą < ąA€trial€court€may€permit€the€withdrawal€of€a€plea€ofĻguilty€to€prevent€"manifest€injustice"€when€it€isĻestablished€that€the€plea€was€entered€due€to€(a)Ļ"coercion,€fraud,€duress€or€mistake,"€(b)€"fear,"€(c)€aĻ"gross€misrepresentation"€made€by€the€district€attorneyĻgeneral,€or€an€assistant,€(d)€the€district€attorney€general,Ļor€an€assistant,€withholds€material,€exculpatory€evidence,Ļwhich€influences€the€entry€of€the€plea,€or€the€plea€ofĻguilty€was€not€voluntarily,€understandingly,€or€knowinglyĻentered.€€Conversely,€the€trial€court€will€not,€as€a€generalŠ ž8ž/5 Šrule,€permit€the€withdrawal€of€a€plea€of€guilty€to€preventĻ"manifest€injustice"€when€the€basis€of€the€relief€isĻpredicated€upon€(a)€an€accused's€"change€of€heart,"€(b)Ļthe€entry€of€the€plea€to€avoid€harsher€punishment,€or€(c)Ļan€accused's€dissatisfaction€with€the€harsh€punishmentĻimposed€by€the€trial€court€or€a€jury.Š ä Š ä Š  ŠĢÓøvÓņņId.óó€at€355€(footnotes€omitted).€€Whether€to€grant€a€motion€to€withdraw€a€plea€restsŠ ŖJ Šwithin€the€sound€discretion€of€the€trial€court.€€ņņState€v.€Haynesóó,€696€S.W.2d€26,€29Š v  Š(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1985).€€The€burden€of€proof€is€on€the€defendant.€€œņņDavisóó,›€823Š Bā  ŠS.W.2d€œat€220ńD!ń›ńD!ń.›€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€trial€court€concluded€that€the€defendant€had€failed€to€demonstrateĻmanifest€injustice.€€In€our€view,€the€record€supports€this€conclusion.€€The€defendantĻtestified€that€the€main€reason€he€wanted€to€withdraw€his€œpleań:!ńsń:!ń›€was€because€he€wasĻunhappy€with€his€sentence.€€Under€the€rationale€of€ņņTurneróó,€this€would€not€qualify€asŠ  Ŗ Ša€basis€for€relief.€€ņņTurneróó,€919€S.W.2d€at€355.€€We€find€no€abuse€of€discretion€on€theŠ Öv Špart€of€the€trial€court.€ĢĢą@``/Śą(b)ˆĢą Œ ąą ä ąThe€defendant€also€maintains€that€his€pleas€were€not€knowing€orĻvoluntary€because€his€attorney€misadvised€him€as€to€the€length€of€the€sentence€heĻcould€receive€for€the€offenses€in€the€event€he€proceeded€to€trial.€€In€order€for€theĻpetitioner€to€be€granted€relief€on€grounds€of€ineffective€counsel,€he€must€establishĻthat€the€advice€given€or€the€services€rendered€were€not€within€the€range€ofĻcompetence€demanded€of€attorneys€in€criminal€cases€and€that,€but€for€his€counsel'sĻdeficient€performance,€the€result€of€his€trial€would€have€been€different.€€ņņBaxter€v.Š Ī1n(- ŠRoseóó,€523€S.W.2d€930,€936€(Tenn.€1975);€ņņStrickland€v.€Washingtonóó,€466€U.S.€668,Š š3:*/ Š687€(1984).€€This€two-part€standard,€as€it€applies€to€guilty€pleas,€is€met€when€theĻpetitioner€establishes€that,€but€for€his€counsel's€errors,€he€would€not€have€pled€guiltyĻand€would€have€insisted€on€a€trial.€€ņņHill€v.€Lockhartóó,€474€U.S.€52,€59€(1985).€ą T$ ąŠ ž8ž/5 Їą Œ ąą ä ąThe€defendant€and€his€wife€testified€that€former€counsel€had€advisedĻthem€that€the€defendant€could€face€consecutive€twelve„year€sentences,€for€anĻeffective€sentence€of€twenty„four€years.€€The€state€did€not€subpoena€the€priorĻattorney€and€presented€no€proof€on€this€issue,€relying€instead€on€the€defendant'sĻburden€to€show€manifest€injustice.€€The€defendant's€testimony€at€the€motion€toĻwithdraw€was,€however,€contradicted€by€the€record€of€the€guilty€pleas.€€At€the€pleaĻsubmission€hearing,€the€state€represented€in€open€court€that€the€possible€sentenceĻwas€between€two€and€four€years.€€The€defendant€informed€the€trial€court€that€heĻunderstood€the€range€of€sentence€that€could€be€imposed.€€He€had€no€questions.€€AtĻthe€motion€to€withdraw,€the€defendant€testified€that€his€prior€statements€wereĻtruthful.€€The€trial€court€concluded€that€the€defendant's€testimony€at€the€motion€toĻwithdraw€was€not€credible.€€The€trial€judge€saw€the€demeanor€of€the€witnesses€andĻheard€their€testimony€firsthand.€€Under€those€circumstances,€we€are€hesitant€toĻsubstitute€our€inferences€or€to€reassess€the€credibility€of€the€defendant€and€that€ofĻhis€wife.€€€ĢĢą Œ ąą ä ąAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.€ĢĢÓÓą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ą__________________________________Ģą Œ ąą ä ąą < ąą ” ąą ģ ąą D ąGary€R.€Wade,€Presiding€JudgeĢĢCONCUR:ĢĢĢ__________________________________ĢJoseph€M.€Tipton,€JudgeĢĢĢ__________________________________ĢDavid€H.€Welles,€Judge