ÿWPC  ¼†T¹7^#êÄŽM‰A‘–ÇÃä0êÁŽ÷õgîB¥ž~’;â ÚÒ/ìwõ’†6†eü˜Xð%ÎqÝÁ]hÕw‘E«"‡JtC¯ I–æVv)1ßýÃ[0R]xĪ:-¿F¿S9ˆ¡+bÚ™KžWV½%#žÖƒQoÍ8³uÕ97újÍ-`$¡+àæÑQ}¿îæC½üŠÍŒTd4jÍ­h›¿ìž“õ7öœúú›§]Qré­X•ÙvÄ … ¨ì\ß!0˜N|ç™HÝâì…Ϫ²^ž©óôÖàÆÆ& .Ép™:ß«‚i:9ën²[3‡·‰â÷T±Â. GÁ ׿RøÈÇWÛEŒ@†[$.©›ª‘TãL ’€X‚p7‹ÎLɾ¼DÆ”ë I£ÞŽ™:Òæã±SûºÙPõ[…œŠ.ç}ÄO?çªS–®RLz†UÓì£ãȼÿH¬jž±ž'‰aß&!Må(qÍ~$?§kdº·ù»o2±¿¹i¤Çc»¥Î O;çŸ^¼jT²ù º…Ï’)Sk†mý0½Ï¯t™TSþeRHá·v*òE"²aíe sɳG§Ðê_0£JŽÒw4{[4ù«’$b %\^ b 0ˆnUNöwD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ #ÉÐ U@™ ÆÙ ÆŸ ÆeÆ+ñN 0DFKE‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘b““““““““““““““““““““““““““““““““““““ 0ë›››› B†† 0¤£ D5G D-| 0K©© ASôÆG 0¤  0D± A«õ»ОY1Ï (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular ~‰/ê:i¢×+003|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜\\IB01S02\CLERKJACÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0(ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 Ý ƒRÞ2$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôòÌò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€€This€psychological€test€was€alluded€to€in€cross„examination€and€in€argument€by€the€State€but€never€provedÐ ° Ðby€evidence.(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó FindleyRadford i]t BunnRawlsCrowellhad hadRickyCozartBlaylockBowlesShropshireTroutmanHumphreysHammersleythat that- ù-(|G2Þ2$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ú)»»dXXdé8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôòÌò»»Ô d(|3øn$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ú)»»dXXdé8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3øn$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ú)»»dXXdé8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ú)»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼Ú)»»»ÔÑ8€ާXXdé»»d8Ñà@hhìàÔ‡î"Æî»¼Ú)ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@òò%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†¼Ú)»îî"Æ #ԈРÓ# ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àJuly€13,€2004€SessionÐ öF ÐÔ‡XާX»¼Ú)ÔÌò òÔ#†¼Ú)»XXާ#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€LARRY€ALLEN€BLAYLOCKòòóóÔ‡XާX»¼Ú)Ôó óÐ ï? ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Carroll€CountyÐ é 9 Ðà@@øøìàNo.€03CR9€€€€€€C.€Creed€McGinley,€JudgeÐ Ó # ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<` AßÐ ‘á  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€W2003„02436„CCA„R3„CD€€„€Filed€September€29,€Ô_Ô2004Ô_ÔÐ ŠÚ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<]` AßÐ ^®  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€defendant€appeals€his€conviction€for€Class€A€misdemeanor€assault€and€the€refusal€of€the€trialÐ V¦  Ðcourt€to€impose€an€alternative€sentence€of€judicial€diversion€or€full€probation.€€After€review,€weÐ ? Ðreverse€the€conviction€for€the€trial€courtððs€failure€to€instruct€on€self„defense.€€In€the€event€of€furtherÐ (x Ðappellate€review,€we€have€considered€all€issues€raised€on€appeal.€€The€cause€is€remanded€for€a€newÐ a Ðtrial.Ð úJ ÐÌÓ  Óà @ àà @` àà @¸ àà @ àò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€Reversed€andÐ Ì ÐRemandedó óÐ ¶ ÐÓÄÓÌòòÔ#†¼Ú)»àXާ#ÔÔ‡XާX.¼Ú)ÔJohn€Everett€Williams,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòNorma€McGee€Ogleóó€andÐ ‰Ù ÐòòAlan€E.€Glenn,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð r ÐÌMatthew€M.€Maddox,€Huntingdon,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Larry€Allen€Blaylock.Ð D” ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€David€H.€Findley,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€Ð f ÐG.€Robert€Radford,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Eleanor€Cahill,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ ÿO ÐGeneral,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€€Tennessee.Ð è 8  ÐÌÌà@55'ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼Ú)»XXާÀ#ÔÔ‡XާX»¼Ú)ԈР£#ó# ÐÌò òÓ  ÓFactual€Backgroundó óÐ v%Æ % ÐÓž ÓòòóóÔ#†¼Ú)»XXާe #ÔÔ€XާX»¼Ú)Ôà@ìì*ìàˆ¹Ó XÓThe€defendant,€Larry€Allen€Blaylock,€was€indicted€for€attempted€rape€and€assault€by€bodilyÐ I'™"' Ðinjury.€€The€defendant€was€acquitted€by€a€jury€of€the€attempted€rape,€a€Class€C€felony,€and€convictedÐ 2(‚#( Ðof€assault€by€bodily€injury,€a€Class€A€misdemeanor.€€The€trial€court€rejected€the€defendantððsÐ )k$) Ðapplication€for€judicial€diversion€or,€alternatively,€full€probation€and€sentenced€the€defendant€toÐ *T%* Ðeleven€months€and€twenty„nine€days€with€probation€after€forty„five€days€service.€€The€defendantÐ í*=&+ Ðappeals€his€conviction,€alleging€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€refusing€to€charge€Class€B€misdemeanorÐ Ö+&', Ðas€a€lesser€included€offense€and€in€its€failure€to€instruct€on€self„defense.€€The€defendant€also€allegesÐ ¿,(- Ðerror€in€sentencing€due€to€the€trial€courtððs€denial€of€judicial€diversion€and€full€probation.€€WeÐ ¨-ø(.ý Ðconclude€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€failing€to€charge€self„defense,€reverse€the€conviction,€andÐ ° Ðremand€for€a€new€trial.€€We€find€no€error€in€the€trial€courtððs€refusal€to€charge€Class€B€misdemeanorÐ ™é Ðor€in€sentencing.Ð ‚Ò ÐÐ k» ÐJessica€Cozart€testified€that€on€August€14,€2002,€the€defendant€came€to€her€home€offeringÐ T¤ Ðher€some€furniture.€€Instead€of€transferring€the€furniture,€they€rode€around€for€several€hours€drinkingÐ =  Ðbeer€and€Wild€Turkey.€€She€stated€that€at€first€nothing€untoward€happened€and€that€ð ð[i]t€was€whatÐ & v Ðwe€usually€do,€just€rode€around€and€talked.ðð€€The€defendant€stopped€in€a€remote€area€of€CarrollÐ  _ ÐCounty€known€as€Kingððs€Levee.€€She€said€that€the€defendant€then€jerked€her€out€of€the€truck,€placedÐ ø H Ðher€in€an€arm€hold,€and€slammed€her€against€the€truck.€€The€defendant€then€removed€her€pants€andÐ á 1  Ðripped€off€her€panties.€€She€resisted,€and€the€defendant€slammed€her€into€the€truck€during€theÐ Ê   Ðstruggle.€€The€defendant€gave€up€the€struggle,€and€the€victim€gathered€her€pants€and€one€flip„flopÐ ³  Ðbefore€the€defendant€put€her€back€in€the€truck.€€She€said€that€the€defendant€drove€off€the€road€onceÐ œì  Ðwhile€carrying€her€home.€€When€they€arrived€at€her€house,€she€jumped€out€of€the€truck€and€ranÐ …Õ  Ðinside.€€After€spending€the€night€at€her€cousinððs€home,€Mrs.€Cozart€made€a€formal€complaint€theÐ n¾  Ðfollowing€day.€€Pictures€were€taken€of€her€injuries€and€a€statement€was€taken€by€David€Bunn,€anÐ W§  Ðinvestigator€for€the€Carroll€County€Sheriffððs€Department.€€Bunn€and€the€victim€rode€to€Kingððs€LeveeÐ @ Ðin€an€unsuccessful€search€for€the€site€of€the€victimððs€missing€panties€and€flip„flop.€€The€victim€laterÐ )y Ðwent€to€the€hospital€for€a€routine€examination.Ð b ÐÐ ûK ÐAngelina€Crowell,€the€victimððs€cousin,€testified€that€the€victim€came€to€her€home€the€eveningÐ ä4 Ðof€August€14th.€€Mrs.€Crowell€said€the€victim€had€a€bruise€on€her€face,€two€around€her€waistline,€andÐ Í Ðone€on€the€arm.€€Mrs.€Crowell€transported€the€victim€to€the€jail€the€following€day€to€file€a€complaint.€Ð ¶ ÐÐ Ÿï ÐSue€Barnes,€Jail€Administrator€for€the€Carroll€County€Sheriffððs€Department,€talked€with€theÐ ˆØ Ðvictim€on€August€15th.€€Barnes€also€took€pictures€of€the€victimððs€bruises.Ð qÁ ÐÐ Zª ÐDavid€Bunn€testified€that€he€talked€with€the€victim€and€took€her€statement.€€Bunn€observedÐ C“ Ða€bruise€on€the€victimððs€face.€€He€related€that€the€victim€accompanied€him€on€a€drive€to€KingððsÐ ,| ÐLevee.€€They€were€unable€to€find€the€site€where€the€victim€alleged€she€was€attacked.€€Ð e ÐÐ þN ÐBilly€Hodges€testified€that€the€victim€called€him€the€evening€of€August€14th,€saying€she€wasÐ ç 7 Ðafraid€and€asking€for€him€to€come€after€her.€€Hodges€first€took€her€to€Lucas€Rawlsðð€home,€then€laterÐ Ð!   Ðto€Angelina€Crowellððs.€€Ð ¹" ! ÐÐ ¢#ò" ÐChris€Cozart,€the€victimððs€husband,€testified€that€he€had€had€a€ð ðrocky€relationshipðð€with€theÐ ‹$Û# Ðvictim.€€His€wife€had€taken€criminal€warrants€against€him€for€domestic€abuse.€€He€stated€that€sheÐ t%Ä $ Ðexaggerated€some€complaints€but€also€had€been€ð ðbasically€pretty€honestðð€about€the€charges.Ð ]&­!% ÐÐ F'–"& ÐLucas€Rawls€testified€that€he€received€a€call€from€Billy€Hodges€on€the€night€of€August€14thÐ /(#' Ðthat€the€victim€was€at€Rawlsðð€home.€€Rawls€instructed€Hodges€to€get€her€out€of€the€house.Ð )h$( ÐÐ *Q%) ÐSergeant€Ricky€Sawyers€of€the€McKenzie€Police€Department,€testified€that€the€defendantÐ ê*:&* Ðcame€to€McKenzie€City€Hall€the€night€of€August€14th.€€The€defendant€€reported€that€a€girl€hadÐ Ó+#'+ Ðcaused€him€to€run€off€the€road€and€to€leave€ruts€in€a€yard.€€Sawyers€looked€at€the€defendantððs€truckÐ ° Ðand€told€the€defendant€to€contact€the€landowner.Ð ™é ÐÐ ‚Ò ÐAllen€Blaylock,€the€defendant,€testified€in€his€own€behalf.€€He€stated€that€in€August€of€2002,Ð k» Ðhe€was€planning€to€enter€active€military€service.€€He€had€offered€some€of€his€furniture€to€the€victim.€Ð T¤ ÐOn€August€14th,€he€stated€that€he€went€to€the€victimððs€home€with€the€intention€of€taking€her€to€getÐ =  Ðthe€furniture.€€The€victim€suggested€they€ð ðget€a€bottleðð€so€he€drove€to€Paris€and€bought€a€pint€ofÐ & v Ðwhiskey.€€The€pair€then€rode€the€back€roads,€drinking€the€whiskey,€and€eventually€went€toÐ  _ ÐBlaylockððs€house.€€The€victim€suggested€they€get€the€furniture€later.€€They€rode€around€more€andÐ ø H Ðconsumed€the€whiskey,€then€the€victim€wanted€some€beer.€€After€buying€a€six„pack€of€beer,€theyÐ á 1  Ðrode€around€more€and€stopped€several€times€to€relieve€themselves.€€Blaylock€stated€that€during€oneÐ Ê   Ðstop,€the€victim€vomited€and€then€fell€in€a€ditch€while€using€the€bathroom.€€He€said€she€had€gottenÐ ³  Ðmuddy,€and€he€helped€her€up€and€helped€her€get€her€pants€back€on.€€He€said€she€was€veryÐ œì  Ðintoxicated.€€Later,€he€said€the€victim€kept€putting€her€muddy€feet€on€the€seat€of€the€truck€and,€at€oneÐ …Õ  Ðpoint,€stomped€the€interior€door€with€her€foot.€€The€victim€became€angry€and€accused€the€defendantÐ n¾  Ðof€being€an€undercover€snitch.€€The€victim€became€sick€again,€Blaylock€stopped€the€truck,€and€sheÐ W§  Ðfell€out€the€door.€€After€the€victim€got€back€in€the€truck,€Blaylock€started€driving€her€home.€€SheÐ @ Ðstarted€cursing€him€and€kicking€at€him.€€He€stated€this€happened€two€or€three€times€and€on€eachÐ )y Ðoccasion,€he€stopped€and€pushed€her€back€by€the€arms.€€At€one€point,€she€jerked€the€steering€wheel,Ð b Ðcausing€him€to€run€off€the€road.€€At€her€house,€Blaylock€said€the€victim€started€cursing€him€again.€Ð ûK ÐHe€ordered€her€out€of€the€truck,€and€she€grabbed€him€by€his€hair.€€He€stated€that€he€grabbed€her€byÐ ä4 Ðher€arms€and€eventually€pushed€her€out.€€Blaylock€went€from€there€to€the€McKenzie€City€Hall€andÐ Í Ðtalked€with€Sergeant€Sawyers.Ð ¶ ÐÐ Ÿï Ðò òÓ XÓÓ  ÓLesser€Included€Offenseó óÐ ˆØ ÐÓj)ÓÓ X\)ÓÐ r ÐThe€defendant€asserts€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€declining€to€charge€Class€B€misdemeanorÐ [« Ðassault€as€a€Ô_Ôlesser€includedÔ_Ô€offense€of€Class€A€misdemeanor€assault.€€Ô‡ Xº XXXާÔThe€trial€court€has€a€duty€toÐ D” Ðinstruct€the€jury€on€any€Ô_Ôlesser€includedÔ_Ô€offenses€of€the€charged€offense€when€such€instruction€isÐ -} Ðsupported€by€the€evidence,€regardless€of€whether€the€defendant€has€requested€such€an€instruction.€Ð f ÐòòState€v.€Bowlesóó,€52€S.W.3d€69,€74€(Tenn.€2001);€òòState€v.€Burnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€453,€464€(Tenn.€1999).€Ð ÿO ÐThe€standard€for€an€appellate€courtððs€review€of€the€trial€courtððs€charge€to€the€jury€regarding€Ô_ÔlesserÐ è 8 ÐincludedÔ_Ô€offenses€is€òòde€novoóó€with€no€presumption€of€correctness.€€òòState€v.€Mooreóó,€77€S.W.3d€132,Ð Ñ!!  Ð134€(Tenn.€2002).€€Ð º" ! ÐÐ £#ó" ÐIf€an€offense€is€found€to€be€a€Ô_Ôlesser€includedÔ_Ô€offense,€the€court€must€next€ascertain€whetherÐ Œ$Ü# Ðthe€evidence€justifies€a€jury€instruction€on€the€Ô_Ôlesser€includedÔ_Ô€offense.€€òòóóòòBowlesóó,€52€S.W.3d€at€75.€Ð u%Å $ ÐTo€do€so,€the€court€must€first€determine€whether€there€is€evidence€that€ð ðreasonable€mindsðð€couldÐ ^&®!% Ðaccept€to€establish€the€Ô_Ôlesser€includedÔ_Ô€offense.€€òòBurnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€469.€€The€court€must€view€theÐ G'—"& Ðevidence€liberally€in€a€light€most€favorable€to€the€existence€of€the€lesser€included€offense€withoutÐ 0(€#' Ðjudging€its€credibility.€€òòState€v.€Elyóó,€48€S.W.3d€710,€722€(Tenn.€2001);€òòBurnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€469.€Ð )i$( ÐFinally,€the€court€must€determine€if€the€evidence€is€ð ðlegally€sufficientðð€to€support€a€conviction€forÐ *R%) Ðthe€lesser€included€offense.€€òòBurnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€469.€Ð ë*;&* ÐÐ Ô+$'+ ÐIn€this€case,€the€victim€clearly€sustained€various€bruises€which€is€a€ð ðbodily€injuryðð€as€definedÐ ° Ðby€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„11„106(a)(2).€€We€rely€upon€òòState€v.€Smileyóó,€38€S.W.3dÐ ™é Ð521€(Tenn.€2001),€as€controlling€authority€concerning€this€issue.€€Therein,€our€supreme€court€heldÐ ‚Ò Ðthat€Class€B€misdemeanor€is€a€lesser€included€offense€but€is€subject€to€the€second€prong€of€the€òòBurnsóóÐ k» Ðtest,€that€is€whether€the€evidence€is€legally€sufficient€to€support€a€conviction€for€the€lesser€includedÐ T¤ Ðoffense.€€òòId.óó€at€525.€€Because€bodily€injury€was€sustained€in€òòSmileyóó,€it€was€held€that€the€jury€shouldÐ =  Ðnot€have€been€instructed€on€the€lesser€included€offense.€€Since€the€victim€in€this€case€sustained€aÐ & v Ðbodily€injury,€we€conclude€that€the€trial€court€correctly€refused€to€instruct€the€jury€on€this€lesserÐ  _ Ðincluded€offense.òòÐ ø H ÐóóÐ á 1  Ðò òÓ XÓÓ  ÓSelf„DefenseÐ Ê   ÐÓQ6ÓÓ XC6ÓÐ ´  Ðó óThe€defendant€contends€that€he€was€entitled€to€a€jury€charge€of€self„defense.€€The€trial€judgeÐ žî  Ðhas€a€duty€to€give€a€complete€charge€of€the€law€applicable€to€the€particular€facts€of€the€case,Ð ‡×  Ðincluding€every€issue€of€fact€material€to€the€defense€if€raised€by€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Simsóó,€45Ð pÀ  ÐS.W.3d€1,€9€(Tenn.€2001).€€To€determine€whether€self„defense€is€fairly€raised€by€the€proof€and€mustÐ Y©  Ðbe€instructed€to€the€jury,€ð ða€court€must,€in€effect,€consider€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorableÐ B’ Ðto€the€defendant,€including€drawing€all€reasonable€inferences€flowing€from€that€evidence.ðð€€òòState€v.Ð +{ ÐShropshireóó,€874€S.W.2d€634,€639€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€An€individual€is€justified€in€using€forceÐ d Ðagainst€another€person€when€he€or€she€reasonably€believes€(1)€that€death€or€serious€bodily€injury€is€Ð ýM Ðimminent€and€(2)€that€the€force€used€is€immediately€necessary€to€protect€against€the€other€personððsÐ æ6 Ðuse€or€attempted€use€of€unlawful€force.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„611(a).Ð Ï ÐÐ ¸ ÐThe€trial€judge,€at€the€motion€for€new€trial,€made€the€following€observation:€€ð ðThe€issue€ofÐ ¡ñ Ðself„defense€was€not€really€raised€by€the€legitimate€evidence.€€He€denied€that€it€occurred.€€She€saidÐ ŠÚ Ðit€did.€€There€was€no€evidence€that€he€had€protected€himself€from€assault€or€anything€of€that€natureÐ sà Ð.€.€.€.ðð€€The€State€concedes€that€the€trial€judgeððs€comments€are€ð ðnot€precisely€accurateðð€but€maintainsÐ \¬ Ðthat€proof€relating€to€the€victimððs€injuries€did€not€correlate€to€the€defendantððs€testimony.€€The€StateÐ E• Ðcontends€the€defendantððs€testimony€would€only€explain€the€bruises€on€the€victimððs€arms.€Ð .~ ÐConsidering€the€proof€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€defendant,€we€disagree€with€the€StateððsÐ g Ðconclusion.€€The€defendant€testified€that€the€victim€was€very€intoxicated€and€at€one€point€fell€in€aÐ  P Ðditch,€muddying€her€clothes€in€the€Ô#†XާX X Xº²*#Ôprocess.€€Later€the€victim€became€sick€and€fell€out€of€the€truckÐ é 9 Ðdoor.€€The€defendant€said€that€he€stopped€the€vehicle€two€or€three€times€when€the€victim€wasÐ Ò!"  Ðfighting€him€while€he€was€driving.€€On€those€occasions,€he€pushed€her€back€by€the€arms.€€He€statedÐ »" ! Ðthat€he€pushed€her€out€of€the€truck€at€her€house€while€defending€himself.€€It€is€not€unreasonable€toÐ ¤#ô" Ðinfer€that€the€victimððs€bruises€resulted€from€these€incidents.€€We€conclude€that€the€failure€to€instructÐ $Ý# Ðon€self„defense€violated€the€defendantððs€substantial€rights€and€is€not€harmless€error.€€Therefore,€weÐ v%Æ $ Ðreverse€the€conviction€and€remand€the€matter€for€a€new€trial.Ð _&¯!% ÐÐ H'˜"& ÐÐ 1(#' Ðò òÓ  ÓÓ XÓSentencingÐ )j$( Ðâ âÐ *T%) ÐÓ XÓÓ  Óó óIn€this€case,€the€defendant€was€sentenced€to€eleven€months€and€twenty„nine€days,€to€serveÐ ° Ðforty„five€days.€€The€defendant€contends€that€he€was€entitled€to€judicial€diversion€or,€alternatively,Ð ™é Ðfull€probation.Ð ‚Ò Ðâ âÐ k» ÐDuring€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€defendant€called€two€police€officers€as€characterÐ T¤ Ðwitnesses.€€The€first€was€Corporal€Dennis€Taylor€of€the€McKenzie€Police€Department,€who€testifiedÐ =  Ðthat€he€had€known€the€defendant€most€of€the€defendantððs€life€and€had€supervised€him€on€the€policeÐ & v Ðforce.€€Officer€Taylor€praised€the€defendant€as€being€ð ðstraight€up.ðð€€Taylor€felt€that€this€offense€byÐ  _ Ðthe€defendant€was€an€aberration€and€unlikely€to€happen€again.€€On€cross„examination,€Officer€TaylorÐ ø H Ðwas€asked€if€he€knew€the€defendant€had€been€released€by€the€Carroll€County€Sheriffððs€DepartmentÐ á 1  Ðdue€to€a€ð ðbad€psychological.ðð׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Officer€Taylor€was€unaware€of€this.Ð Ê   ÐÐ ³  ÐAssistant€Chief€Bobby€Pate€of€the€McKenzie€Police€Department€stated€that€he€had€knownÐ œì  Ðthe€defendant€most€of€his€life€and€had€supervised€him€as€a€policeman.€€He€said€the€defendant€hadÐ …Õ  Ðperformed€his€duties€as€a€policeman€and€given€no€cause€for€disciplinary€actions.€€Chief€Pate€felt€thisÐ n¾  Ðoffense€was€uncharacteristic€of€the€defendant€and€would€not€likely€happen€again.€€When€Chief€PateÐ W§  Ðstated€that€incarceration€would€be€Ô_Ôinappropriate,Ô_Ô€he€was€questioned€by€the€trial€judge€about€theÐ @ Ðvictimððs€injuries.€€Chief€Pate€said€in€response€that€he€was€unaware€there€were€injuries€and€thatÐ )y Ðusually€required€incarceration.Ð b ÐÐ ûK ÐMisdemeanor€sentencing€is€controlled€by€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„35„302,€Ð ä4 Ðwhich€provides€in€part€that€the€trial€court€shall€impose€a€specific€sentence€consistent€with€theÐ Í Ðpurposes€and€principles€of€the€1989€Criminal€Sentencing€Reform€Act.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Palmeróó,€902Ð ¶ ÐS.W.2d€391,€393€(Tenn.€1995).Ð Ÿï ÐÐ ˆØ ÐThe€trial€court€retains€the€authority€to€place€the€defendant€on€probation€either€immediatelyÐ qÁ Ðor€after€a€time€of€periodic€or€continuous€confinement.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„302(e).€€The€trialÐ Zª Ðcourt€has€more€flexibility€in€misdemeanor€sentencing€than€in€felony€sentencing.€€òòState€v.€Troutmanóó,Ð C“ Ð979€S.W.2d€271,€273€(Tenn.€1998).€€One€convicted€of€a€misdemeanor,€unlike€one€convicted€of€aÐ ,| Ðfelony,€is€not€entitled€to€a€presumption€of€a€minimum€sentence.€€òòState€v.€Humphreysóó,€70€S.W.3d€752,Ð e Ð768€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2001).€€The€burden€of€showing€that€a€sentence€is€improper€is€on€theÐ þN Ðappellant.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401,€Sentencing€Commission€Comments.Ð ç 7 ÐÐ Ð!   ÐWhether€an€accused€should€be€granted€judicial€diversion€is€a€question€which€addresses€itselfÐ ¹" ! Ðto€the€sound€discretion€of€the€trial€court.€€Upon€review,€this€Court€will€not€interfere€with€the€refusalÐ ¢#ò" Ðof€the€trial€court€to€grant€judicial€diversion€if€there€is€ð ðany€substantial€evidence€to€support€theÐ ‹$Û# Ðrefusalðð€within€the€record.€€òòState€v.€Andersonóó,€857€S.W.2d€571,€572€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1992)Ð t%Ä $ Ð(quoting€òòState€v.€Hammersleyóó,€650€S.W.2d€352,€356€(Tenn.€1983).Ð ]&­!% ÐÐ F'–"& ÐThere€are€certain€criteria€that€the€trial€court€must€consider€in€weighing€the€appropriatenessÐ /(#' Ðof€a€grant€of€judicial€diversion,€and€they€include:€(a)€the€accusedððs€amenability€to€correction,€(b)€theÐ )h$( Ðcircumstances€of€the€offense,€(c)€the€accusedððs€criminal€record,€(d)€the€accusedððs€social€history,€(e)Ð ° Ðthe€status€of€the€accusedððs€physical€and€mental€health,€and€(f)€the€deterrence€value€to€the€accusedÐ ™é Ðand€others.€€The€trial€court€should€also€consider€whether€judicial€diversion€will€serve€the€ends€ofÐ ‚Ò Ðjustice€„„€the€interests€of€the€public€as€well€as€the€accused.€€òòSeeóó€òòHammersleyóó,€650€S.W.2d€at€355.€Ð k» ÐDeterrence€in€judicial€diversion€is€considered€in€the€same€manner€as€in€probation€cases;€that€is,€theÐ T¤ Ðdeterrence€factor€is€assigned€such€weight,€credit,€and€values€as€the€circumstances€warrant.€€òòState€v.Ð =  ÐMichaelóó,€629€S.W.2d€13,€15€(Tenn.€1982).Ð & v ÐÐ  _ ÐProbation€is€a€privilege€or€act€of€grace€which€may€be€granted€to€an€accused€who€is€eligibleÐ ø H Ðand€worthy€of€this€largesse.€€òòStiller€v.€Stateóó,€516€S.W.2d€617,€620€(Tenn.€1974).€€This€defendant€wasÐ á 1  Ðeligible€for€probation.€€In€determining€whether€to€grant€probation,€the€trial€court€must€consider€andÐ Ê   Ðweigh€all€of€the€òòStilleróó€factors€which€include€the€accusedððs€criminal€record,€social€history,€physicalÐ ³  Ðand€mental€condition,€the€circumstances€of€the€offense,€the€deterrent€effect€upon€criminal€activityÐ œì  Ðof€the€accused€and€others,€and€the€accusedððs€potential€for€rehabilitation€and€treatment.€€òòStilleróó,€516Ð …Õ  ÐS.W.2d€at€620;€òòseeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(5).Ð n¾  ÐÐ W§  ÐThe€trial€court€considered€the€defendantððs€application€for€judicial€diversion€or,€alternatively,Ð @ Ðfor€probation,€ruled€that€the€violent€aspects€of€the€offense€outweighed€the€mitigating€factors,€andÐ )y Ðcalled€for€a€deterrent€sentence.€€The€trial€court€stated€as€follows:Ð b ÐÓ XÓÓ XÓThere€were€injuries.€€They€were€not€serious€bodily€injury€as€defined€by€theÐ ûK Ðstatute.€€There€was€simply€bodily€injury,€and€itððs€clearly€confirmed€by€the€proof€inÐ ä4 Ðthis€case.Ð Í ÐÐ ¶ ÐIt€is€a€crime€of€violence.€€Itððs€a€misdemeanor,€but,€nevertheless,€itððs€a€crimeÐ Ÿï Ðof€violence.Ð ˆØ ÐÐ qÁ ÐOne€might€look€at€his€record€and€see€that€heððs€been€an€officer,€but€that€canÐ Zª Ðbe€a€two„edged€sword.€€I€donððt€personally€think€that€theyððre€held€to€a€higher€standardÐ C“ Ðthan€lay€people,€but€itððs€certain€that€they€should€know€and€follow€the€law.Ð ,| ÐÐ e ÐIn€this€particular€case,€he,€essentially,€is€asking€the€Court€to€allow€him€toÐ þN Ðescape€this€behavior€so€that€he€might€enlist€in€the€Army€or€some€branch€of€theÐ ç 7 ÐArmed€Services,€which€he€said€he€was€going€to€do€prior€to€this€incident.€€I€donððtÐ Ð!   Ðknow€if€itððs€true€or€not€true.€€I€know€that€that€is€what€he€has€represented.Ð ¹" ! ÐÐ ¢#ò" ÐIn€this€particular€case,€the€Court€is€sentencing€him€to€eleven€months€andÐ ‹$Û# Ðtwenty„nine€days€for€assault.Ð t%Ä $ ÐÐ ]&­!% ÐIn€this€case,€and€considering€the€record€as€a€whole,€and€particular€giving€„„Ð F'–"& Ðas€I€looked€through€the€record,€heððs€got€a€lot€of€qualifications.€€Those€are€notÐ /(#' Ðcommendations.€€Theyððre€simply€that€he€has€qualified€for€various€things€throughoutÐ )h$( Ðhis€military€career.€€I€think€there€was€various€schools.€€Thereððs€also€basic€PoliceÐ *Q%) ÐAcademy€and€things€like€that,€but€theyððre€not€meritorious€service,€valor,€anythingÐ ê*:&* Ðlike€that.Ð Ó+#'+ ЇIððve€considered€lack€of€criminal€record€in€this€case.€€Nevertheless,€I€feel€thatÐ ° Ðthere€must€be€something€as€far€as€deterrence,€and€thatððs€the€reason€that€I€questionedÐ ™é ÐChief€Pate€as€far€as€his€understanding€in€this€case€when€he€said€that€he€felt€that€noÐ ‚Ò Ðincarceration€was€appropriate.€€It€was€obvious€that€when€he€found€that€there€wasÐ k» Ðinjury€and€knew€more€about€the€facts€of€the€case,€that€he€would€not€stand€by€thatÐ T¤ Ðearlier€assessment.Ð =  ÐÐ & v ÐIn€this€case,€there€must€be€something€to€deter€others€that€would€engage€in€thisÐ  _ Ðtype€of€conduct.€€Itððs€basically€almost€a€domestic€assault€type€of€situation€althoughÐ ø H Ðhe€was€not€charged€with€domestic€assault€since€there€was€not€a€relationship€thatÐ á 1  Ðwould€support€that.€€Ð Ê   ÐÐ ³  ÐViolence€as€far€as€assaultive€offenses,€particularly€male€against€female€orÐ œì  Ðfemale€against€male,€are€becoming€of€increasing€concern€in€todayððs€society.€€TheyÐ …Õ  Ðlend€themselves€to€all€matters€of€harm,€and€they€simply€cannot€be€tolerated.€€Ð n¾  ÐÐ W§  ÐIn€this€case,€Iððm€going€to€require€that€he€serve€forty„five€days€of€this€elevenÐ @ Ðmonth€and€twenty„nine€day€sentence€in€confinement.€€The€balance€of€that€will€be€onÐ )y Ðsupervised€probation.Ð b ÐÐ ûK ÐI€do€not€feel€that€itððs€an€appropriate€case€for€judicial€diversion.€€First€of€all,Ð ä4 Ðit€is€a€crime€of€violence,€as€I€have€indicated.€€Also,€considering€the€need€forÐ Í Ðdeterrence.€€The€record€as€a€whole€simply€does€not€support€that€this€should€beÐ ¶ Ðappropriate€for€judicial€diversion.€€Your€motion€will€be€overruled.Ð Ÿï ÐÐ ˆØ ÐÓ X#[ÓÓ X[Óà ` àà ¸ àÌThe€trial€court€declined€to€grant€the€defendant€an€alternative€sentence.€€The€trial€court,Ð Zª Ðweighing€the€record€as€a€whole,€felt€that€due€to€the€violence€involved€and€the€need€for€deterrence,€Ð C“ Ðalternative€sentencing€was€inappropriate.€€We€cannot€say€that€this€was€an€abuse€of€the€trial€courtððsÐ ,| Ðsound€discretion.€€We€therefore€affirm€the€sentence.Ð e ÐÐ þN Ðò òÓ XÓÓ  ÓConclusionÐ ç 7 ÐÓKlÓÓ X=lÓÐ Ñ!!  Ðó óAfter€a€thorough€review,€we€find€no€error€in€the€refusal€of€the€trial€court€to€instruct€the€juryÐ »" ! Ðon€Class€B€misdemeanor€assault€or€in€the€sentence€imposed.€€However,€the€failure€to€instruct€on€self„Ð ¤#ô" Ðdefense€requires€reversal€and€remand€for€a€new€trial.ò òÐ $Ý# Ðó ó€Ô_ÔÔ_ÔÐ v%Æ $ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€__________________________________€Ð _&¯!% ÐÓ  Óà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€JOHN€EVERETT€WILLIAMS,€JUDGE