ÿWPCH þiò‡`§‚fØ‚ÞËfCµYÃðƒfT×àæ[§Yµsãc&ŽnÄaæ`ÁïKWâqóK× ýœóiˆ”*rûñp¢Ÿ½zÿR$Šu:¯!¶?TÇ„šŒX4érˆî{«³G¹“C·åÁ€A“<Õh¥†Ÿ T*([¼CšM±\Œ1$…h¦?°2=PµÅsÆm ¯Ÿzá›aø¼ô%·{±òFÁ¤Iã}2 ~¶ÏzÄϛģ–É i QddÜÙû¥E «s4Ÿ¥¼`¢3Ÿ¸l‘Êz{³š”˜Ô)kL(ag¦€[0P7¼ÖX^µ >*uÙéÅ"º(„€~V þ\MkªÝÃúÕ ¶*Å׺PHÚ:S-“Ù;ÊY£¤`ð9¡mí²ÛE©XNáŽ_ò}Eä¾Jx¥ecX#üÝÊæªq¯«~œÒÑ º«TÂ4Ÿ"0‡‡’z€½§ô Yæ8Õ¡Ë‘-þ äóŒ'ÝG=Ò-ôšsÐËÍ~BpwjÄåÂKÅðµã€ƒÒ??ÀÝcJ/y +À@áû÷²C÷j™ß5dt“-Œ­Gš‘è^ƒ&m •ÞÖU9ñ/‡ð᧙Ƶ8Œ×ÔºU&LI"±ÖbUN\ %ª 0ˆ°^ 8wD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ #ÁÐ UN‘ Æß Æ¥ Æk Æ1÷NÿÿÿEb 0:                               0ëEEEE B00 0¤M D3ñ D-$ 0KQQ ASœÆï 0¤µ 0DY A«(ÈhH  Z6Times New Roman Regular»(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓX›W-s üPH,êÖ€€NashN3|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6ÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 - ù-4ÿÿ2Emphasisòòóó(|G2"×$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€/ü»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô‘tò»»Ô d(|3Gy$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€/ü»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3Gy$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€/ü»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€/ü»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼/ü»»»ÔÑ8€ XXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡î==/üÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼/ü»îî== #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€August€14,€2002Ð üL ÐÔ‡X X»¼/üÔÌò òÔ#†¼/ü»XX #ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€RICHARD€RUSSELL€BRANDTòòóóÔ‡X X»¼/üÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò ò€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Bedford€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.14866€€€€€€Charles€Lee,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2001„02129„CCA„R3„CDÔ#†¼/ü»XX ž#ÔÔ‡X X»¼/üÔ€„€Filed€October€22,€Ô_Ô2002Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÔ‡ X XXX ÔThe€Appellant,€Richard€Russell€Brandt,€was€convicted€by€a€Bedford€County€jury€of€voluntaryÐ xÈ  Ðmanslaughter€and€received€a€fifteen„year€sentence,€as€a€persistent€offender.€€On€appeal,€Brandt€raisesÐ d´ Ðthe€following€issues€for€our€review:€€(1)€whether€the€evidence€was€sufficient€to€support€the€juryððsÐ P  Ðverdict,€and€(2)€whether€his€sentence€was€proper.€€After€review,€we€find€that€Brandtððs€issues€areÐ <Œ Ðwithout€merit.€€Accordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€Bedford€County€Circuit€Court€is€affirmed.Ô#†X XX X #ÔÔ#†¼/ü»XX 1#ÔÔ‡X X»¼/üÔÐ (x ÐÓùÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€Affirmed.ó óÐ P ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼/ü»àX ¢#ÔÔ‡X X.¼/üÔDavid€G.€Hayes,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòJoe€G.€Rileyóó€and€òòNorma€McGeeÐ Ø( ÐOgleóó,€JJ.,€joined.Ð Ä ÐÌÔ_ÔMerrilynÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔFeirmanÔ_Ô,€Nashville,€Tennessee,€and€Andrew€Jackson€Ô_ÔDearingÔ_Ô,€III,€Assistant€PublicÐ œì ÐDefender,€Ô_ÔShelbyvilleÔ_Ô,€Tennessee,€for€the€Appellant,€Richard€Russell€Brandt.Ð ˆØ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Michael€Moore,€Solicitor€General;€David€H.Ð `° ÐÔ_ÔFindleyÔ_Ô,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€William€Michael€Ô_ÔMcCownÔ_Ô,€District€Attorney€General;€andÐ L œ ÐMichael€Ô_ÔRandlesÔ_Ô,€Assistant€District€Attorney€General,€for€the€Appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð 8!ˆ  ÐÔ#†¼/ü»XX p#ÔÔ‡X X»¼/üÔÌÓAÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼/ü»XX Z #ÔÔ‡X X»¼/üÔÐ ü#L# ÐÌò òFactual€Backgroundó óÐ Ô%$!% ÐòòóóÔ#†¼/ü»XX Í #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X X»¼/üÔÌÔ‡ X XXX Ôà  àAnthony€Blake€Wisdom€and€the€Appellant€met€while€patients€at€the€Tony€Rice€Drug€CenterÐ ¬'ü"' Ðin€Bedford€County.€€After€both€men€left€the€center,€they€became€acquainted€with€the€victim,€BoydÐ ˜(è#( ÐBrown,€and€made€arrangements€to€rent€a€room€in€his€trailer.€€On€January€15,€2001,€the€Appellant,Ð „)Ô$) Ðthe€victim,€and€Wisdom€drove€to€the€store€to€get€beer.€€Upon€returning€to€the€trailer,€all€three€menÐ p*À%* Ðdrank€and€watched€wrestling.€€In€need€of€more€beer,€the€Appellant€and€Wisdom€walked€to€the€storeÐ \+¬&+ Ðand€purchased€a€twelve€pack.€€Wisdom,€after€returning€to€the€trailer,€was€ð ðfeeling€sweatyðð€andÐ H,˜', Ðdecided€to€take€a€shower.€€As€Wisdom€stepped€out€of€the€shower,€he€heard€the€Appellant€and€theÐ 4-„(-ýà ÐÔ_Ôvictim€arguing,€and€the€victim€say€to€the€Appellant,€ð ðIf€you€donððt€like€it,€you€can€get€the€fuck€out.ðð€Ð ° ÐHe€did€not€hear€the€Appellant€respond€and€proceeded€to€the€bedroom€to€get€dressed.€€Wisdom€thenÐ œì Ðwalked€into€the€living€room€and€saw€the€Appellant€walk€up€to€the€victim€and€pretend€to€punch€him.€Ð ˆØ ÐThe€victim€ð ðsmirkedðð€and€said,€ð ðYou€wonððt€hit€me.ðð€€At€that€point,€the€Appellant€wrapped€his€armÐ tÄ Ðaround€the€victimððs€throat€in€a€choke€hold,€and€ð ð[t]hey€began€to€wrestle€to€the€ground.ðð€€The€victimÐ `° Ðhit€his€head€on€the€floor.€€Wisdom€thought€the€two€men€were€wrestling€and€told€them€to€ð ðquitÐ L œ Ðplaying€around.ðð€€The€victimððs€legs€were€kicking€and,€then,€he€went€limp.€€Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌà  àThe€Appellant€got€up€from€the€floor€and€said,€ð ð[H]e€deserved€to€die.ðð€€Wisdom€checked€theÐ  ` Ðvictim€to€see€if€he€had€a€pulse.€€The€Appellant€grabbed€money€out€of€the€victimððs€pockets,€turned€theÐ ü L  Ðvictim€over€onto€his€back,€and€calmly€asked€Wisdom€to€help€move€the€body€into€the€bathroom.€Ð è 8  ÐWisdom€refused,€and€the€Appellant€dragged€the€body€into€the€bathroom€himself.€€The€Appellant€andÐ Ô$  ÐWisdom€packed€their€personal€belongings,€and€the€Appellant€wiped€down€the€trailer€to€remove€anyÐ À  Ðfingerprints,€removed€a€trash€bag€from€the€trailer,€and€covered€up€a€blood€stain€with€a€towel.€€TheÐ ¬ü  Ðtwo€men€left€the€area;€Wisdom€was€driving€because€the€Appellant€could€not€drive€a€stick„shift.€€TheÐ ˜è  Ðnext€day,€Wisdom€left€the€Appellant€inside€a€store€and€returned€to€Nashville.€€He€contacted€theÐ „Ô  Ðpolice€on€January€17,€2001.€€The€Appellant€was€later€arrested€at€the€Salvation€Army€in€Murfreesboro.€Ð pÀ ÐHe€gave€a€statement€to€the€police,€during€which€he€changed€his€story€several€times.Ð \¬ ÐÌà  àOn€February€22,€2001,€the€Appellant€was€indicted€for€second€degree€murder.€€Following€aÐ 4„ Ðjury€trial,€he€was€found€guilty€of€the€lesser€offense€of€voluntary€manslaughter€and,€based€upon€hisÐ  p Ðclassification€as€a€persistent€offender,€was€sentenced€to€a€fifteen„year€term€of€imprisonment.€ThisÐ  \ Ðtimely€appeal€followed.€Ð øH ÐÌÓ  Óò òANALYSISó óÐ Ð  ÐÌÓwÓò òÓ  ÓI.€€Sufficiency€of€the€Evidenceó óÐ ¨ø ÐÌÓºÓà  àThe€Appellant€argues€that€the€evidence€introduced€at€trial€was€insufficient€to€support€hisÐ €Ð Ðconviction€for€voluntary€manslaughter.€€Specifically,€he€contends€that€the€evidence€Ð l¼ ÐÌà8  àfailed€to€show€that€Mr.€Brandt€either€knowingly€or€intentionally€caused€Mr.€BrownððsÐ D!” Ðdeath.€.€.€.€€There€was€nothing€in€Mr.€Wisdomððs€testimony€that€would€haveÐ 0"€  Ðindicate[d]€that€Mr.€Brandt€intended€to€cause€the€death€of€Mr.€Brown€nor€that€Mr.Ð #l! ÐBrandt€was€reasonably€certain€that€his€conduct€would€[cause]€Mr.€Brownððs€death.€€Ð$X"Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àA€jury€conviction€removes€the€presumption€of€innocence€with€which€a€defendant€is€cloakedÐ à%0!$ Ðand€replaces€it€with€one€of€guilt,€so€that€on€appeal,€a€convicted€defendant€has€the€burden€ofÐ Ì&"% Ðdemonstrating€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982).€Ð ¸'#& ÐIn€determining€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€court€does€not€reweigh€or€reevaluate€theÐ ¤(ô#' Ðevidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€Likewise,€it€is€not€the€duty€of€thisÐ )à$( Ðcourt€to€revisit€questions€of€witness€credibility€on€appeal,€that€function€being€within€the€province€ofÐ |*Ì%) Ðthe€trier€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Holderóó,€15€S.W.3d€905,€911€(Tenn.€1999);€€òòState€v.€Burlisonóó,€868€S.W.2dÐ h+¸&* Ð713,€719€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€Instead,€the€Appellant€must€establish€that€the€evidence€presentedÐ ° Ðat€trial€was€so€deficient€that€no€reasonable€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€theÐ œì Ðoffense€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòóóTenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e);òò€Jackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.€307,€319,Ð ˆØ Ð99€S.€Ct.€2781,€2789€(1979);€òòState€v.€Cazesóó,€875€S.W.2d€253,€259€(Tenn.€1994)òòóó.€€Moreover,€the€StateÐ tÄ Ðis€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€and€all€reasonable€inferences€which€mayÐ `° Ðbe€drawn€therefrom.òò€€State€v.€Harrisóó,€839€S.W.2d€54,€75€(Tenn.€1992).€€These€rules€are€applicableÐ L œ Ðto€findings€of€guilt€predicated€upon€direct€evidence,€circumstantial€evidence,€or€a€combination€ofÐ 8 ˆ Ðboth€direct€and€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€776,€779€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð $ t Ð1990).€€As€in€the€case€of€direct€evidence,€the€weight€to€be€given€circumstantial€evidence€and€ð ðtheÐ  ` Ðinferences€to€be€drawn€from€such€evidence,€and€the€extent€to€which€the€circumstances€are€consistentÐ ü L  Ðwith€guilt€and€inconsistent€with€innocence,€are€questions€primarily€for€the€jury.ðð€€òòMarable€v.€Stateóó,Ð è 8  Ð313€S.W.2d€451,€457€(Tenn.€1958)€(citation€omitted).€Ð Ô$  ÐÐ Ðà  àVoluntary€manslaughter€is€defined€as€"the€intentional€or€knowing€killing€of€another€in€a€stateÐ ¬ü  Ðof€passion€produced€by€adequate€provocation€sufficient€to€lead€a€reasonable€person€to€act€in€anÐ ˜è  Ðirrational€manner."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„211(a)€(1997).€€Intentional€conduct€refers€to€a€personÐ „Ô  Ðwho€acts€intentionally€with€respect€to€a€result€of€the€conduct€when€it€is€the€person's€consciousÐ pÀ Ðobjective€or€desire€to€cause€the€result.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„106(a)(18)€(1997).€€ð ðA€person€actsÐ \¬ Ðknowingly€with€respect€to€a€result€of€the€personððs€conduct€when€the€person€is€aware€that€the€conductÐ H˜ Ðis€reasonably€certain€to€cause€the€result.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„106(a)(20)€(1997).€€Whether€theÐ 4„ ÐAppellant€ð ðintentionallyðð€or€ð ðknowinglyðð€killed€his€victim€is€a€question€of€fact€for€the€jury.€€Intent,Ð  p Ðwhich€can€seldom€be€proven€by€direct€evidence,€may€be€deduced€or€inferred€by€the€trier€of€fact€fromÐ  \ Ðthe€character€of€the€Appellantððs€conduct,€the€nature€of€the€act,€and€from€all€the€circumstancesÐ øH Ðsurrounding€the€commission€of€the€offense.€€òòSee€State€v.€Hollandóó,€860€S.W.2d€53,€59€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ä4 ÐApp.€1993);€òòsee€generally€State€v.€Blandóó,€958€S.W.2d€651,€660€(Tenn.€1997).Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àThe€proof€at€trial,€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€State,€established€that€the€Appellant€andÐ ¨ø Ðthe€victim€were€engaged€in€an€argument,€and€the€victimððs€demeanor€was€described€as€irate.€€BothÐ ”ä Ðhad€been€drinking.€€The€Appellant€faked€punching€the€victim€and,€after€the€victim€responded,€ð ðYouÐ €Ð Ðwonððt€hit€me,ðð€the€Appellant€placed€the€victim€in€a€choke€hold,€lasting€from€a€minute€and€a€half€toÐ l¼ Ðtwo€minutes.€€The€victim€stopped€moving,€and€the€Appellant€stated,€ð ð[H]e€deserved€to€die.ðð€€TheÐ X ¨ ÐAppellant€removed€money€from€the€victimððs€pockets€and€dragged€him€into€the€bathroom.€Ð D!” ÐThereafter,€the€Appellant€attempted€to€remove€any€incriminating€evidence€from€the€trailer€and€stoleÐ 0"€  Ðthe€victimððs€truck.€€After€the€Appellantððs€arrest,€he€was€untruthful€with€police€authorities.€€We€findÐ #l! Ðthe€evidence€sufficient€to€support€the€jury's€verdict€of€voluntary€manslaughter,€Ý‚4ÿÿÿÝòòÝ  Ýi.e.óó,Ý‚4ÿ0ƒÝÝ  Ý€that€the€AppellantÐ $X" Ðintentionally€or€knowingly€killed€Mr.€Brown€in€a€state€of€passion€produced€by€adequate€provocationÐ ô$D # Ðsufficient€to€lead€a€reasonable€person€to€act€in€an€irrational€manner.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.€Ð à%0!$ ÐÌÓ  Óò òII.€€Sentencingó óÐ ¸'#& ÐÌÓ  Óà  àThe€Appellant€argues€that€his€fifteen„year€sentence€as€imposed€by€the€trial€court€wasÐ )à$( Ðexcessive.€€When€an€accused€challenges€the€length,€range,€or€the€manner€of€service€of€a€sentence,Ð |*Ì%) Ðthis€court€has€a€duty€to€conduct€a€òòde€novoóó€review€of€the€sentence€with€a€presumption€that€theÐ h+¸&* Ðdeterminations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€òòóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)€(1997);€òòStateÐ ° Ðv.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€This€presumption€is€"conditioned€upon€the€affirmativeÐ œì Ðshowing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€factsÐ ˆØ Ðand€circumstances."€€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€169.€€When€conducting€a€òòde€novoóó€review€of€a€sentence,Ð tÄ Ðòòóóthis€court€must€consider:€(a)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€and€the€sentencing€hearing;€(b)Ð `° Ðthe€pre„sentence€report;€(c)€the€principles€of€sentencing€and€arguments€as€to€sentencing€alternatives;Ð L œ Ð(d)€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€the€criminal€conduct€involved;€(e)€any€statutory€mitigating€orÐ 8 ˆ Ðenhancement€factors;€(f)€any€statement€that€the€Appellant€made€on€his€own€behalf;€and€(g)€theÐ $ t Ðpotential€or€lack€of€potential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„102,€„103,Ð  ` Є210€(1997);€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€168.€€òòóóFurthermore,€we€emphasize€that€facts€relevant€to€sentencingÐ ü L  Ðmust€be€established€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence€and€not€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòStateÐ è 8  Ðv.€Winfieldóó,€23€S.W.3d€279,€283€(Tenn.€2000)€(citing€òòState€v.€Pooleóó,€945€S.W.2d€93,€96€(Tenn.Ð Ô$  Ð1997)).Ð À  ЀòòóóÐ ¬ü  Ðà  àIf€our€review€reflects€that€the€trial€court€followed€the€statutory€sentencing€procedure,€imposedÐ ˜è  Ða€lawful€sentence€after€having€given€due€consideration€and€proper€weight€to€the€factors€andÐ „Ô  Ðprinciples€set€out€under€the€sentencing€law,€and€made€findings€of€fact€that€are€adequately€supportedÐ pÀ Ðby€the€record,€then€we€may€not€modify€the€sentence€even€if€we€would€have€preferred€a€differentÐ \¬ Ðresult.€€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805€S.W.2d€785,€789€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€However,€where€the€trialÐ H˜ Ðcourt€fails€to€comply€with€the€statutory€provisions€of€sentencing,€appellate€review€isÓÓ€òòde€novoóó€withoutÐ 4„ Ða€presumption€of€correctness.€€òòóóIn€the€case€before€us,€the€record€demonstrates€that€the€trial€courtÐ  p Ðproperly€considered€relevant€sentencing€principles.€€Accordingly,€we€apply€the€presumption.Ð  \ ÐÌà  àAs€a€Range€III€offender,€the€sentencing€range€for€voluntary€manslaughter,€a€class€C€felony,€Ð ä4 Ðis€ten€to€fifteen€years.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„112(c)(3)€(1997).€€In€determining€the€AppellantððsÐ Ð  Ðsentence,€the€trial€court€applied€two€enhancement€factors:€(1)€The€Appellant€has€a€previous€historyÐ ¼  Ðof€criminal€convictions€or€criminal€behavior€in€addition€to€those€necessary€to€establish€theÐ ¨ø Ðappropriate€range,€and€(8)€The€Appellant€has€a€previous€history€of€unwillingness€to€comply€with€theÐ ”ä Ðconditions€of€a€sentence€involving€release€into€the€community.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40-35-114(1),Ð €Ð Ð(8)€(Supp.€2001).€Ð l¼ ÐÌà  àThe€Appellant€does€not€contest€the€application€of€enhancement€factors€(1)€and€(8).€Ð D!” ÐRegarding€enhancement€factor€(1),€the€Appellant's€criminal€history€includes€twelve€class€E€forgeryÐ 0"€  Ðconvictions,€six€class€E€theft€convictions,€a€class€A€misdemeanor€theft€conviction,€two€convictionsÐ #l! Ðfor€simple€possession€of€marijuana,€passing€worthless€checks,€driving€under€the€influence,€beingÐ $X" Ðdeclared€a€habitual€motor€vehicle€offender,€and€numerous€other€misdemeanor€convictions.€Ð ô$D # ÐRegarding€enhancement€factor€(8),€the€presentence€report€reflects€that€the€Appellant€ð ðhas€a€markedÐ à%0!$ Ðhistory€of€failure€to€cooperate€and/or€adhere€to€the€rules€of€any€alternative€sentence€afforded€to€him.ðð€Ð Ì&"% ÐÌ€à  àWith€respect€to€mitigating€proof,€the€Appellant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€notÐ ¤(ô#' Ðapplying€the€ð ðcatch„allðð€or€non„enumerated€mitigator€(13),€based€upon€his€professed€ð ðchange€of€life.ðð€Ð )à$( ÐòòSeeóó€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€40„35„113(13)€(1997).€€At€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€followingÐ |*Ì%) Ðcolloquy€occurred:Ð h+¸&* Їà8  àQ.€€Since€you€have€been€in€jail€have€you€experienced€a€change€in€your€attitude€andÐ ° Ðyour€philosophy€toward€life?МìÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àA.€€Yes,€sir.ÐtÄÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àQ.€€What€have€you€learned?ÐL œÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àA.€€I€have€learned€to€totally€trust€upon€the€Lord.€€I€have€turned€my€whole€life€over€toÐ $ t Ðhim.€€We€have€a€daily€Bible€study,€morning€prayer.€€And€I€just€tell€everything€to€theÐ  ` ÐLord.€€He€has€made€a€remarkable€change€in€my€life.Ðü L Ð Ð  ÐÌThe€trial€court€declined€to€apply€mitigator€(13),€finding€that:Ð Ô$  ÐÌà8  àà ` àThe€Court€could€consider€the€defendantððs€stated€change€of€attitude,€changeÐ ¬ü  Ðof€life€that€he€has€professed€here€today€as€a€mitigating€factor€under€40„35„113(13),Ð ˜è  Ðwhich€is€the€so„called€catch„all€provision.€€But€even€if€the€defendant€is€sincere,€theÐ „Ô  ÐCourt€in€this€case€does€not€find€that€to€be€a€mitigating€factor.ÐpÀÐ Ð  ÐÌThe€trial€court€was€in€the€best€position€to€determine€the€credibility€of€the€Appellant,€based€upon€theÐ H˜ Ðdemeanor€and€appearance€of€the€Appellant€when€testifying.€€€This€court€gives€deference€to€the€trialÐ 4„ Ðcourtððs€findings€in€that€regard.€€Although€we€find€the€Appellantððs€recent€profession€of€faith€isÐ  p Ðcommendable,€his€reward€will€follow€at€the€appropriate€time€and€from€a€court€much€greater€thanÐ  \ Ðours.€€Therefore,€we€agree€with€the€trial€court€that€mitigating€factor€(13)€should€not€have€beenÐ øH Ðapplied€to€the€Appellantððs€sentence.€€€Ð ä4 ÐÌà  àThe€presumptive€sentence€for€a€class€C€felony€"shall€be€the€minimum€sentence€in€the€rangeÐ ¼  Ðif€there€are€no€enhancement€or€mitigating€factors."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(c)€(2001).€€WhenÐ ¨ø Ðthere€are€enhancement€factors€and€no€mitigating€factors,€there€is€no€presumptive€sentence€and€theÐ ”ä Ðcourt€may€sentence€above€the€minimum€in€the€range.€€Tenn.€Code.€Ann.€ðð€40-35-210(d).€€The€weightÐ €Ð Ðto€be€afforded€an€existing€factor€is€left€to€the€trial€court's€discretion€so€long€as€the€court€compliesÐ l¼ Ðwith€the€purposes€and€principles€of€the€1989€Sentencing€Act€and€its€findings€are€adequatelyÐ X ¨ Ðsupported€by€the€record.€€òòState€v.€Boggsóó,€932€S.W.2d€467,€475€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€The€weightÐ D!” Ðto€be€afforded€mitigating€and€enhancement€factors€derives€from€balancing€relative€degrees€ofÐ 0"€  Ðculpability€within€the€totality€of€the€circumstances€of€the€case€involved.€€òòId.óó€at€476;òò€see€alsoóó€òòStateÐ #l! Ðv.€Marshallóó,€870€S.W.2d€532,€541€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€€€Of€particular€weight€in€this€case€areÐ $X" Ðthe€Appellant's€prior€convictions€and€his€failure€to€comply€with€conditions€of€release.€€We€concludeÐ ô$D # Ðthat€the€record€supports€the€trial€courtððs€decision€to€enhance€the€Appellant's€sentence€beyond€theÐ à%0!$ Ðminimum€of€the€range.€€Therefore,€we€find€that€a€sentence€of€fifteen€years€for€voluntaryÐ Ì&"% Ðmanslaughter€is€justified.Ð  ¸'#& Ðò òÓ  ÓCONCLUSIONó óÐ ° ÐÌÓ»RÓà  àBased€upon€the€foregoing,€we€find€that€the€evidence€was€sufficient€to€support€the€AppellantððsÐ ˆØ Ðconviction€for€voluntary€manslaughter.€€We€further€conclude€that€the€trial€court€properly€sentencedÐ tÄ Ðthe€Appellant€to€fifteen€years€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€€Accordingly,€the€judgment€of€theÐ `° ÐBedford€County€Circuit€Court€is€affirmed.Ô#†X XX X „ #ÔÐ L œ ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð ü L  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JUDGE