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B 0D" 0Df f D/ª ª BÙ D3ö ˜HP LaserJet 4HPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLàÏ<èÀ( 9Z &Courier RegularX(ÅÕÐ$¡¡Ñ  ÑÑ7€'CXXdÈXXdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÓ  ÓÓiU°X` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#€%Ø'0*ˆ,à.813è5@8˜:ð<H? A°œXiÓ<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpi:M+%3|x¬«<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiXXxþ6X@ÉJQX@,†r‰AZ‹"Arial Regular \Ñ\R AØ'ÿ Legal\Ñ Ñ Ü ÑÑ  Ñ £¤D¥¦D§¨D©Dª«D¬(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(á(3áÒ$¤¤Ý ƒÕÐ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ7€ûÎXXdÈXXdð7ÑÑ  ÑÓ  ÓÓiU°X` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#€%Ø'0*ˆ,à.813è5@8˜:ð<H? A°œXiÓÝ  Ýà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó #Ñ#€ i Xÿÿd#Ñ Ý ƒ¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€XÜÞXXXÔÔ€»1XXÜÞÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€XÜÞX»1ÔÐ  ÐÌò òSeptember€15,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôô¯ôXXÜÞÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular!#$&Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 d(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó(('÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd""""'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒÕÐ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ7€ûÎXXdÈXXdð7ÑÑ  ÑÓ  ÓÓiU°X` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#€%Ø'0*ˆ,à.813è5@8˜:ð<H? A°œXiÓÝ  ݛѰÑÑܰÑÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓÓÑ€ †ÑÑ€ í:ÑÔ€ XÜÞXXXÔÑ7€ ÜÞ XXdæXXdÈ7Ñ€à8 ¸ àà@Ñ Ñ D¸ x¸ xàIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ  Ðà@~~%DàAT€KNOXVILLEà@@66-Rà€€€€€€€€€ˆÌà ¸ àà  à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€JULY€1998€SESSIONÌÌÓÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à h àà À à)à  àÐ 80 Ѐà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)Ð   Мßr€ )<,(j 8` `€€@E ` ttx$Xð Õrß›à ¸ àAppellee,€à h àà À à)à  àNo.€œ03C01„9708„Cñ£ññ£ññ¥ññ¥ññªñCñªññ«ññ¥ñcñ¥ññ«ññ¬ñ„ñ¬ññ¦ññ£ñcñ£ññ¦ññ©ññ§ñCñ§ññ©ññ¤ñRñ¤ññ¨ñ„ñ¨ñ00326›Ð ü  Ðà ¸ à€€€€€à  àà h à€€à À à)Ð êâ  Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àBlount€CountyÐ ÐÈ  Ðv.à ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)€€€€€€€€€Ð ¶®  Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHonorable€D.€Kelly€Thomas,€Jr.,€Judge€€€€€Ð œ”  Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)ÌROBERT€JAY€BRIDWELL,à À à)à  à(Aggravated€assault)Ð h` Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)€€€€€€€€Ìà ¸ àAppellant.à h àà À à)Ð 4, ÐÌÌÌòòFor€the€Appellantóó:à  àà h àà À àà  àòòFor€the€Appelleeóó:Ð ÌÄ ÐÌMack€Garner€€€€€à  àà h àà À àà  àJohn€Knox€Walkupà  àà x àÐ ˜ ÐDistrict€Public€Defenderà h àà À àà  àAttorney€General€of€TennesseeÐ ~v Ð419€High€Street€€€à  àà h àà À àà  àà p àandà È àà  àà x àà Ð àÐ d\ ÐMaryville,€TN€37801à h àà À àà  àGeorgia€Blythe€FelnerÐ JB Ð(AT€TRIAL€AND€ON€APPEAL)à À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€General€of€Tennessee€Ð 0 ( Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Avenue€Northà x àà Ð àÐ ! ÐC.€Michael€Robbinsà  àà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€37243„0493Ð ü!ô Ð3074€East€StreetÌMemphis,€TN€38128à h àà À àà  àMichael€L.€FlynnÐ È#À  Ð(ON€APPEAL)à  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÐ ®$¦! Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à€à p àandÐ ”%Œ" Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àKirk€AndrewsÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àBlount€County€CourthouseÌà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àMaryville,€TN€37804ÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:____________________ÌÌÌœÌCONVICTION›€œAFFIRMEDÌÌ›ÌJoseph€M.€TiptonÌJudgeÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÐ >:639 ÐÓÓòòò òÑ€< Ñà@õõ)DàO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó óóóà@@DD/DàˆÐ  ÐÌà ¸ àThe€defendant,€Robert€Jay€Bridwell,€appeals€as€of€right€from€hisÏconviction€by€a€jury€in€the€Blount€County€Circuit€Court€for€aggravated€assault,€a€Class€CÏfelony.€€The€trial€court€sentenced€the€defendant€as€a€Range€I,€standard€offender€to€fourÏyears,€with€the€defendant€to€serve€one€month€in€the€county€jail€followed€by€three€yearsÏand€eleven€months€œon›€intensive€probation.€€It€imposed€a€fine€of€seven€thousand€fiveÏhundred€dollars.€€The€defendant€contends€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€hisÏconviction€as€the€assailant€and€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€denying€full€probation.€€WeÏhold€that€the€evidence€is€sufficient€and€that€the€trial€court€properly€sentenced€theÏdefendant.€€œWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€conviction.€ÌÌà ¸ àOliver€Margetin,€the€victim€of€the€assault,€testified€that€he€was€drivingÏhome€from€a€friendððs€house€on€June€15,€1996.€€He€stated€that€his€wife€was€a€passengerÏin€his€truck.€€He€said€that€when€he€was€stopped€at€a€traffic€light,€a€Mazda€truck€with€twoÏoccupants€inside€drove€beside€him€in€the€left€turn€lane.€€He€described€the€driver€as€aÏyoung,€black€male€having€a€tall€Afro€and€the€passenger€as€having€an€Afro€but€not€as€tallÏas€the€driver.€€He€stated€that€he€had€his€window€down€and€that€the€occupants€of€theÏtruck,€whom€he€did€not€know,€began€making€crude,€sexual€remarks€and€gestures€to€himÏand€his€wife.€€The€victim€testified€that€he€yelled€at€the€occupants€to€shut€up€and€to€leaveÏthem€alone.€€He€stated€that€the€passenger€continuously€asked€him€if€he€had€a€problem.€ÏHe€said€that€the€truck€turned€off€the€road€but€that€it€drove€behind€him€approximately€oneÏminute€later€when€he€was€stopped€at€another€traffic€light.€€The€victim€stated€that€heÏbecame€worried€because€he€did€not€know€what€the€occupants€of€the€truck€were€going€toÏdo.€€He€said€that€he€saw€through€the€mirror€that€the€occupants€were€moving€their€hands.€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€victim€testified€that€he€moved€into€the€right€lane€and€the€truck€droveÏup€beside€him€in€the€left€lane,€approximately€four€or€five€feet€away.€€He€said€that€itÐ ˜706 Ðconcerned€him€when€the€truck€moved€beside€him.€€He€testified€that€the€passengerÏasked€him€if€he€had€called€him€a€ð ðpunk,ðð€and€he€replied,€ð ðno.ðð€€He€said€that€he€tried€toÏignore€the€occupants€of€the€truck€and€told€them€to€shut€up€and€to€leave€them€alone.€€HeÏtestified€that€when€he€looked€over,€the€juvenile€pulled€out€a€gun€from€his€right€side€andÏpointed€it€out€the€window€at€him.€€€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€victim€testified€that€he€became€afraid€that€he€or€his€wife€would€beÏshot.€€He€stated€that€he€grabbed€his€wife€and€threw€her€to€the€floorboard€of€the€truck.€ÏHe€said€that€he€panicked,€accelerating€quickly€leaving€the€truck€behind.€€He€stated€thatÏhe€saw€the€truck€turn€left€onto€a€street€shortly€after€the€traffic€light.€€The€victim€testifiedÏthat€his€wife€then€called€911€from€their€cellular€telephone,€and€he€pulled€into€a€shoppingÏcenter€to€wait€for€the€police€to€arrive.€€€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€victim€testified€that€he€later€went€to€the€police€station€and€that€heÏidentified€the€defendant€and€Jason€Stallings,€a€juvenile€friend€of€the€defendant,€as€theÏoccupants€of€the€truck€and€the€defendant€as€the€person€who€pointed€the€gun€at€him.€ÏThe€victim€also€identified€the€defendant€and€Stallings€at€trial.€€The€victim€said€thatÏalthough€it€was€dark€when€the€assault€took€place,€there€were€street€lights€and€he€got€aÏgood€look€at€the€occupants€of€the€truck.€€The€victim€identified€a€gun€that€looked€similarÏto€the€one€that€the€defendant€pointed€at€him.€€On€cross„examination,€the€victim€testifiedÏthat€the€person€who€asked€him€if€he€had€called€them€punks€was€the€same€person€whoÏpulled€the€gun€out€and€pointed€it€at€him.€€He€said€that€it€made€him€angry€and€frustratedÏwhen€the€defendant€made€the€sexual€remarks€and€gestures.€€He€denied€calling€theÏdefendant€or€Stallings€names.€€€€ÌÌà ¸ àGina€Margetin,€the€victimððs€wife,€testified€that€the€defendant€and€StallingsÏwere€in€a€red€Mazda€truck.€€She€said€that€they€yelled€very€bad€things€at€her€and€cursedÏthem.€€Ms.€Margetin€testified€that€her€husband€became€upset€and€told€the€defendantÐ Œ7„06 ÐÑ í:ÑÑÜÜÑÑÑÑ  Ññ¡ñÑ í:ÑÑÜÜÑÑÑÑ  Ññ¡ñand€Stallings€to€shut€up.€€She€stated€that€she€was€hysterical,€crying€and€scared€for€herÏlife€when€the€defendant€pulled€a€gun€from€the€front€of€the€truck€and€pointed€it€at€them.€ÏShe€said€that€the€defendant€held€the€gun€towards€her€husband€for€approximately€thirtyÏto€forty€seconds.€€She€stated€that€the€defendant€said,€ð ðIððve€got€a€gun,€Iððll€kill€you.ðð€€SheÏsaid€that€she€also€heard€something€said€about€stopping€the€truck.€€She€testified€that€herÏhusband€told€the€defendant€and€Stallings€to€leave€them€alone.€€Ms.€Margetin€testifiedÏthat€she€then€called€911.€€She€identified€the€911€tape,€and€it€was€played€for€the€jury.€ÏShe€described€the€gun€as€a€black€gun€with€a€semi„long€barrel.€€€ÌÌà ¸ àOfficer€James€Wilson€of€the€Maryville€Police€Department€testified€that€onÏJune€15,€1996,€at€approximately€midnight,€he€received€a€call€to€be€on€the€lookout€for€aÏtruck€in€the€area€that€he€was€patrolling€and€was€given€a€description€of€the€truck€and€itsÏoccupants.€€He€said€that€soon€afterwards,€he€saw€a€red€Mazda€truck€matching€theÏdescription€of€the€truck€drive€past€him€traveling€approximately€fifteen€to€twenty€miles€perÏhour.€€He€stated€that€two€people€were€in€the€truck.€€Officer€Wilson€testified€that€heÏturned€around€and€followed€the€truck.€€He€said€that€when€another€officer€arrived,€theyÏturned€on€their€blue€lights€to€stop€the€truck.€€He€stated€that€the€truck€stopped,€and€theyÏordered€the€occupants€to€get€out€of€the€truck.€€Officer€Wilson€identified€the€defendant€asÏthe€passenger.€€He€said€that€the€defendant€was€reluctant€to€get€out€of€the€truck.€€HeÏstated€that€the€defendant€eventually€got€out€of€the€truck€and€that€at€one€point,€theÏdefendant€stuck€his€hands€in€the€air,€danced€around,€and€shook€his€buttocks.€€OfficerÏWilson€testified€that€other€officers€arrived€and€the€defendant€was€arrested.€€He€statedÏthat€the€officers€searched€the€truck€and€found€a€loaded,€nine„millimeter€semi„automaticÏgun€in€the€rear€portion€of€the€truck€between€the€driverððs€seat€and€the€passengerððs€seatÏlying€on€top€of€some€items.€€He€said€that€a€clip€was€not€in€the€gun€but€that€a€clip€wasÏfound€in€the€glove€compartment,€which€was€unlocked€and€one€bullet€was€loaded€intoÏthe€gunððs€chamber.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌÐ Œ7„06 Ðà ¸ àDetective€William€Manuel€of€the€Maryville€Police€Department€testified€thatÏon€June€15,€1996,€he€received€a€call€from€Officer€James€Wilson€to€come€to€the€policeÏstation.€€He€said€that€Officer€Wilson€told€him€what€happened.€€He€said€that€heÏconducted€a€show„up€lineup€in€the€lobby€of€the€police€department€and€that€the€victimÏidentified€the€driver€of€the€vehicle€and€identified€the€defendant€as€the€person€whoÏpointed€the€gun€at€him.€€Detective€Manuel€testified€that€he€questioned€the€defendantÏafter€reading€him€his€rights€and€that€the€defendant€said€that€he€did€not€recall€theÏincident.€€He€said€that€the€defendant€told€him€that€he€had€been€to€a€carnival.€€HeÏdescribed€the€defendant€as€arrogant.€€ÌÌà ¸ àJason€Stallings,€a€friend€of€the€defendant,€testified€that€he€was€seventeenÏyears€old€and€that€he€had€known€the€defendant€approximately€a€month€and€a€half€whenÏthe€offense€occurred.€€He€stated€that€they€had€spent€the€day€together€and€had€left€aÏcarnival.€€He€said€that€he€was€driving€a€friendððs€red€Mazda€truck.€€He€conceded€that€theÏdefendant€had€a€gun€with€him€and€that€the€defendant€had€put€it€behind€the€passengerððsÏseat.€€Stallings€said€that€he€saw€a€white€truck€with€a€male€driver€and€a€femaleÏpassenger€while€they€were€in€the€left€turn€lane€at€a€traffic€light.€€He€said€that€he€heardÏsomeone€make€a€racist€remark.€€He€stated€that€he€turned€left€and€then€asked€theÏdefendant€whether€he€heard€what€was€said€and€the€defendant€told€him€that€he€had€not.€ÏStallings€testified€that€he€decided€to€turn€back€onto€the€road€to€get€behind€the€truck€andÏask€the€occupants€if€they€had€called€them€racist€names.€€He€stated€that€he€pulledÏbehind€the€truck€and€that€when€the€light€turned€green,€the€truck€accelerated€quickly.€€HeÏsaid€that€he€pulled€beside€the€truck€and€he€and€the€defendant€asked€the€occupants€ofÏthe€truck€whether€they€had€said€anything€to€them€at€the€red€light.€€Stallings€testified€thatÏthe€driver€responded,€ð ðyes,ðð€cursed€them,€and€called€them€racist€names€again.€€He€saidÏthat€he€and€the€defendant€yelled€at€the€driver.€Ìâ âÐ À5¸.4 Ðà ¸ àStallings€said€that€he€was€not€very€angry€but€that€the€defendant€was€upsetÏâ âand€the€other€driver€was€angry.€€He€stated€that€shouting€took€place€for€approximatelyÏfifteen€to€twenty„five€seconds.€€He€said€that€he€sped€up€as€the€defendant€started€to€pullÏthe€pistol€from€behind€the€seat.€€Stallings€testified€that€the€defendant€reached€behindÏthe€seat€and€pulled€the€gun€over€his€right€shoulder€and€laid€it€on€his€lap.€€He€stated€thatÏthe€defendant€and€the€occupants€of€the€truck€continued€talking€as€he€drove.€€He€saidÏthat€the€white€truck€accelerated€each€time€he€tried€to€go€faster.€€Stallings€testified€thatÏthe€defendant€opened€the€glove€compartment,€removed€the€clip,€and€put€the€clip€besideÏhim.€€He€stated€that€when€he€came€to€the€next€red€light,€he€turned€left€and€the€whiteÏtruck€went€straight.€€He€said€that€the€defendant€then€put€the€gun€behind€the€seat€andÏthe€clip€into€the€glove€compartment.€€He€stated€that€he€continued€to€drive.€€He€said€thatÏthe€defendant€was€cursing€and€that€he€told€the€defendant€to€calm€down.€€The€policeÏstopped€them€shortly€afterwards.€€Stallings€conceded€that€he€lied€to€the€officers€whenÏhe€told€them€his€name,€age€and€birth€date.€€He€explained€that€he€had€escaped€fromÏcustody€and€did€not€want€to€get€caught€by€the€police.€€ÌÌà ¸ àStallings€testified€that€the€defendant€did€not€point€the€gun€at€the€occupantsÏof€the€white€truck,€threaten€to€shoot€them,€or€ask€them€to€stop.€€He€said€that€theÏoccupants€could€only€see€the€pistol€grip,€if€anything,€because€the€gun€was€lying€in€theÏdefendantððs€lap.€€Stallings€admitted€that€the€defendant€told€the€occupants€that€if€theÏoccupants€wanted€to€do€something,€such€as€fight,€the€defendant€and€Stallings€wereÏwilling.€€€€€€€€ÌÌà ¸ àOn€cross„examination,€Stallings€testified€that€he€and€the€defendant€gotÏinto€an€argument€with€some€men€while€at€the€carnival.€€He€denied€that€he€and€theÏdefendant€were€angry€when€they€left€the€carnival.€€He€stated€that€the€defendant€did€notÏmake€any€sexual€remarks€to€the€female€passenger.€€He€said€that€he€planned€on€cursingÏthe€occupants€of€the€truck,€if€the€driver€had€called€them€racist€names.€€Stallings€testifiedÐ Œ7„06 ÐÑ †ÑÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÑ  Ññ¡ñÑ †ÑÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal[  AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÑ  Ññ¡ñthat€he€was€trying€to€get€away€from€the€white€truck€when€he€accelerated€and€when€heÏturned€left€off€the€street€the€second€time.€€Stallings€did€not€believe€that€the€defendantÏhad€done€anything€wrong.€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€defendant€testified€that€he€did€not€do€anything€wrong€and€assertedÏthat€he€was€trying€to€protect€himself.€€He€admitted€that€he€owned€a€gun.€€He€said€thatÏhe€bought€the€gun€for€protection€because€he€had€experienced€problems€with€people€inÏAlcoa€and€had€received€threatening€mail.€€He€stated€that€he€did€not€know€the€victim€orÏhis€wife€and€had€never€seen€them€or€their€vehicle.€€The€defendant€said€that€JasonÏStallings€was€driving€the€truck€on€the€night€of€the€crime.€€He€said€that€after€he€and€ÏStallings€left€a€carnival,€they€saw€a€man€driving€a€white€truck€with€a€woman€in€theÏpassengerððs€seat.€€He€said€that€his€gun€was€in€the€backseat€of€the€truck€and€that€theÏclip€was€in€the€glove€compartment.€€He€stated€that€Stallings€cut€in€front€of€the€whiteÏtruck€and€that€the€truck€pulled€beside€them€as€they€were€stopped€at€a€traffic€light.€€HeÏstated€that€the€man€and€woman€began€cursing€them€and€making€racist€comments.€€TheÏdefendant€testified€that€he€did€not€say€anything€at€this€time.€€He€denied€that€either€he€orÏStallings€was€angry€but€asserted€that€he€did€not€know€how€to€react€because€he€hadÏnever€been€called€a€racist€name.€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€defendant€said€that€Stallings€turned€left€off€the€road,€but€after€theÏdefendant€told€Stallings€that€they€should€go€ask€the€driver€what€he€said,€they€turnedÏaround€to€catch€up€with€the€truck.€€He€stated€that€they€drove€beside€the€white€truck€andÏasked€the€driver€what€comment€he€had€earlier€made.€€He€said€that€the€driver€repeatedÏthe€name€he€had€earlier€called€him€and€then€repeatedly€called€them€racist€names.€€TheÏdefendant€testified€that€he€and€the€driver€began€arguing€and€cursing€each€other.€€HeÏsaid€that€the€driver€leaned€forward€as€he€was€arguing€with€the€defendant.€€TheÏdefendant€stated€that€because€he€did€not€know€what€the€driver€was€doing,€he€pulled€hisÏgun€over€his€right€shoulder€from€behind€the€seat€and€sat€it€on€his€lap.€€He€testified€thatÐ Œ7„06 Ðhe€also€placed€the€clip€beside€the€gun.€€He€said€that€the€driver€then€ran€a€red€light€andÏdrove€straight€as€he€and€Stallings€were€in€the€left€turn€lane.€€He€stated€that€they€wereÏstopped€by€the€police€shortly€after€turning€left€off€the€street.€€€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€defendant€denied€pointing€the€gun€at€the€driver€or€making€any€threatsÏto€shoot€him€or€damage€his€truck.€€He€denied€trying€to€scare€the€driver€with€the€gun,€andÏhe€believed€that€the€driver€did€not€see€the€gun.€€The€defendant€claimed€that€he€placedÏthe€gun€on€his€lap€because€he€was€scared€that€the€occupants€of€the€truck€were€going€toÏdo€something€to€him.€€He€stated€that€he€did€not€intend€to€scare€or€hurt€the€occupants€ofÏthe€truck.€€He€denied€telling€the€driver€to€stop€the€truck.€€He€conceded€that€he€told€theÏdriver€that€if€he€wanted€to€do€something,€then€he€should€do€it.€€He€also€admitted€that€heÏwas€angry€at€the€driver.€€ÌÌà ¸ àOn€cross„examination,€the€defendant€testified€that€he€was€the€type€ofÏperson€that€was€not€scared€of€anyone€and€that€he€refused€to€allow€anyone€to€tell€himÏwhere€he€could€go.€€He€asserted€that€he€removed€the€clip€from€the€glove€box€just€inÏcase€he€had€to€put€it€in€the€gun,€but€he€stated€that€he€would€not€have€put€the€clip€in€theÏgun€or€pointed€it€at€the€driver€until€he€saw€the€driver€grab€a€weapon.€€He€said€that€heÏand€Stallings€followed€the€white€truck€only€to€find€out€what€the€occupants€had€said€toÏthem.€€The€defendant€believed€that€the€driver€of€the€white€truck€was€intoxicated.€€TheÏdefendant€denied€that€he€acted€arrogant€when€he€was€stopped€by€the€police,€and€heÏexplained€that€he€was€trying€to€keep€his€pants€from€falling€down€when€he€raised€hisÏhands€in€the€air.€€He€said€that€he€told€the€police€that€he€did€not€pull€a€gun€on€anyone.€€ñœñÌñœñññÐ  \0T). ÐññHe€stated€that€he€told€the€officers€that€he€did€not€know€anything€about€the€offenseÏbecause€he€was€not€given€any€details€regarding€the€victims€or€the€truck€involved.€€€€€€€€€€€€Ï€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌñžñÐ  À5¸.4 Ðñžñà@““ Dàò òI.€€SUFFICIENCY€OF€THE€EVIDENCEˆÐ  Ðà ¸ àó óThe€defendant€contends€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€establishÐ àØ Ðbeyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€the€defendant€was€the€person€who€assaulted€theÏvictim.€€He€argues€that€the€victim€identified€the€juvenile,€Jason€Stallings,€as€the€personÏwho€pointed€the€gun€at€him.€€Our€standard€of€review€when€the€sufficiency€of€theÏevidence€is€questioned€on€appeal€is€"whether,€after€viewing€the€evidence€in€the€lightÏmost€favorable€to€the€prosecution,€òòanyóó€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€theÐ ÜÔ  Ðessential€elements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt."€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443Ð ¨   ÐU.S.€307,€319,€99€S.€Ct.€2781,€2789€(1979).€€This€means€that€we€do€not€reweigh€theÏevidence,€but€presume€that€the€jury€has€resolved€all€conflicts€in€the€testimony€andÏdrawn€all€reasonable€inferences€from€the€evidence€in€favor€of€the€state.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.Ð   ÐSheffieldóó,€676€S.W.2d€542,€547€(Tenn.€1984);€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835Ð ØÐ Ð(Tenn.€1978).€€Also,€the€identity€of€the€defendant€as€the€perpetrator€of€the€crime€was€aÏquestion€of€fact€for€determination€by€the€jury.€€òòState€v.€Stricklandóó,€885€S.W.2d€85,€87Ð ph Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).ÌÌà ¸ àIn€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€state,€the€evidence€establishes€beyond€aÏreasonable€doubt€that€the€defendant€was€the€perpetrator€of€the€assault.€€The€victimÏinitially€referred€to€the€person€who€pointed€the€gun€at€him€as€a€juvenile.€€However,€theÏvictim€also€testified€that€the€person€who€asked€him€whether€he€had€called€him€a€punk,Ïthe€defendant,€was€the€same€person€who€pointed€the€gun€at€him.€€He€also€identified€theÏdefendant€at€the€police€station€and€at€trial€as€the€individual€who€pointed€the€gun€at€him.€ÏDetective€Manuel€confirmed€that€the€victim€identified€the€defendant€as€the€perpetratorÏof€the€assault.€€The€victimððs€wife€testified€that€the€person€who€had€the€gun€was€theÏpassenger.€€The€defendant€conceded€that€he€was€in€the€passengerððs€seat.€€OfficerÏWilson€testified€that€the€defendant€got€out€of€the€passengerððs€seat€of€the€truck€whenÏstopped€by€police.€€This€evidence€is€sufficient€to€justify€the€guilty€verdict.ÌÐ ˜706 Ðà ¸ àAlthough€not€raised€as€a€separate€issue,€the€defendant€also€contends€thatÏOfficer€Wilson€did€not€authenticate€the€gun€introduced€at€trial€as€the€one€he€retrievedÏfrom€the€truck€in€which€the€defendant€was€a€passenger.€€He€argues€that€the€evidenceÏshould€have€been€considered€demonstrative€evidence€only€given€the€victimððs€testimonyÏthat€the€gun€merely€looked€like€the€gun€the€defendant€pointed€at€him.€€However,€theÏdefendant€failed€to€object€to€the€introduction€of€the€gun€and€failed€to€include€the€issue€inÏhis€motion€for€new€trial.€€Therefore,€we€hold€that€the€defendant€has€waived€the€issue.€Ïð ðA€trial€court€cannot€be€held€in€error€when€it€is€not€given€an€opportunity€to€rule€on€anÏissue€at€an€appropriate€time€during€the€course€of€the€trial.ðð€€òòState€v.€Walkeróó,€910€S.W.2dÐ h` Ð381,€396€(Tenn.€1995).€€In€any€event,€the€defendant€admitted€that€the€gun€was€his€andÏthat€he€had€it€with€him€when€the€offense€took€place.€€Under€these€circumstances,€theÏgun€was€properly€admitted.€€€€€€€ò òÐ ÌÄ Ðó óÌà@00!Dàò òII.€DENIAL€OF€FULL€PROBATIONˆÐ d\ Ðó óà ¸ àThe€defendant€asserts€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€denying€full€probation.€Ð < 4 ÐHe€argues€that€given€his€overall€achievements€as€demonstrated€by€his€education€andÏemployment€and€given€his€lack€of€a€serious€criminal€record,€the€defendant€is€not€one€forÏwhom€confinement€is€necessary.€€The€state€responds€that€the€trial€court€properlyÏsentenced€the€defendant.€€We€agree.ÌÌà ¸ àAppellate€review€of€sentencing€is€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€on€the€record€with€aÐ +ü#( Ðpresumption€that€the€trial€court's€determinations€are€correct.€€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€€AsÏthe€Sentencing€Commission€Comments€to€this€section€notes,€the€burden€is€now€on€theÏdefendant€to€show€that€the€sentence€is€improper.€€This€means€that€if€the€trial€courtÏfollowed€the€statutory€sentencing€procedure,€made€findings€of€fact€that€are€adequatelyÏsupported€in€the€record,€and€gave€due€consideration€and€proper€weight€to€the€factorsÏâ âand€principles€that€are€relevant€to€sentencing€under€the€1989€Sentencing€Act,€we€mayÐ Ì5Ä.4 Ðnot€disturb€the€sentence€even€if€a€different€result€were€preferred.€€òòState€v.€Fletcheróó,€805Ð  ÐS.W.2d€785,€789€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€Ìâ âÌà ¸ àHowever,€"the€presumption€of€correctness€which€accompanies€the€trialÏcourt's€action€is€conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trialÏcourt€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances."€ÏòòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€In€this€respect,€for€the€purpose€ofÐ ÐÈ  Ðmeaningful€appellate€review,ÌÓÓÓ  Óà8 ¸ àthe€trial€court€must€place€on€the€record€its€reasons€forÏarriving€at€the€final€sentencing€decision,€identify€theÏmitigating€and€enhancement€factors€found,€state€theÏspecific€facts€supporting€each€enhancement€factorÏfound,€and€articulate€how€the€mitigating€andÏenhancement€factors€have€been€evaluated€andÏbalanced€in€determining€the€sentence.€€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„¼210(f)€(1990).€€Ð ¸ x¸ x ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÓÓState€v.€Jonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€597,€599€(Tenn.€1994).€€In€conducting€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review,€weÐ ~v Ðmust€consider€(1)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€and€sentencing€hearing,€(2)Ïthe€presentence€report,€(3)€the€principles€of€sentencing€and€arguments€as€to€sentencingÏalternatives,€(4)€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€the€criminal€conduct,€(5)€any€mitigatingÏor€statutory€enhancement€factors,€(6)€any€statement€that€the€defendant€made€on€hisÏown€behalf€and€(7)€the€potential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€T.C.A.€ðððð€40„35„102,Ì„103€and€„210;€òòseeóó€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€168;€òòState€v.€Mossóó,€727€S.W.2d€229,€236„37Ð F(>!% Ð(Tenn.€1986).€ÌÌà ¸ àAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€defendant€testified€that€he€lived€with€hisÏmother€and€grandmother.€€The€defendant€denied€pointing€the€gun€at€the€victim€or€hisÏwife€and€denied€threatening€them.€€The€defendant€testified€that€he€was€enrolled€inÏcollege€but€that€he€was€unable€to€attend€recently€because€he€had€mental€problemsÏcausing€him€to€be€unable€to€concentrate.€€He€stated€that€he€had€attended€classes€whenÏthe€trial€took€place€but€that€he€was€unable€to€complete€the€courses€because€he€hadÏmissed€several€days€to€be€in€court.€€He€said€that€he€planned€to€take€nine€hours€ofÐ r8j17 Ðclasses€during€the€summer€semester€and€that€he€had€obtained€financial€assistance€forÏhis€education.€€He€stated€that€he€planned€to€obtain€a€degree€in€electrical€engineering.€ÏHe€said€that€he€also€worked€approximately€twenty„two€to€twenty„three€hours€a€weekÏcleaning€the€federal€courthouse.€€A€letter€from€the€defendantððs€employer€wasÏintroduced,€and€it€reflects€that€the€defendant€is€a€responsible€and€reliable€employeeÏwho€makes€a€great€effort€at€being€punctual€and€completing€his€assignments€with€qualityÏwork.€€Theñ˜ñHeñ˜ññ™ñ€ñ™ññšññ™ñdfñ™ññšññšñdefendantñšññ™ñ€ñ™ññ›ñ€ñ›ñstated€that€medication€had€been€prescribed€for€him€in€April€1996,Ïbecause€he€suffered€from€depression.€€He€said€that€he€had€been€depressed€forÏapproximately€two€years.€€The€defendant€stated€that€the€medication€helped€hisÏdepression€by€controlling€his€anger€and€impulses.€€The€defendant€admitted€that€he€didÏnot€take€his€medication€regularly€when€it€was€first€prescribed.€€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€defendant€testified€that€he€had€no€prior€felony€convictions€or€assaultÏconvictions.€€He€conceded€that€he€had€a€prior€misdemeanor€conviction€for€carrying€aÏweapon€with€the€intent€to€go€armed€approximately€one€year€before€the€present€offenseÏoccurred.€€He€explained€that€he€had€carried€the€gun€because€a€couple€of€men€fromÏAlcoa€had€shot€at€his€car.€€He€also€conceded€that€he€had€been€convicted€of€illegallyÏpossessing€alcohol€and€public€intoxication.€€The€defendant€acknowledged€charges€ofÏpossessing€brass€knuckles.€€The€defendant€admitted€that€he€violated€curfew€as€aÏjuvenile.€€He€conceded€that€he€used€marijuana€almost€every€day€since€the€age€ofÏeighteen€and€that€he€had€used€alcohol€approximately€twice€a€week€since€the€age€ofÏsixteen.€€He€also€admitted€that€he€was€drinking€every€day€when€interviewed€for€theÏpresentence€report.€€He€said€that€the€last€time€he€used€marijuana€was€in€DecemberÏ1996,€and€he€also€said€that€he€had€stopped€drinking€alcohol.€€The€defendant€deniedÏthat€he€had€a€drug€or€alcohol€problem,€and€he€said€that€he€could€abstain€from€usingÏdrugs€or€alcohol.€€He€did€not€believe€that€he€needed€treatment€for€his€drug€and€alcoholÏñžñÑ< ÑÑ7€ ŒÙ XXdæ XXdæ7ÑÑ  Ññžññ›ñÑ< ÑÑ7€ ŒÙ XXdæ XXdæ7ÑÑ  Ññ›ññšñÑ< ÑÑ7€ ŒÙ XXdæ XXdæ7ÑÑ  Ññšññ˜ñÑ< ÑÑ7€ ŒÙ XXdæ XXdæ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ< ÑÑ7€ ŒÙ XXdæ XXdæ7ÑÑ  Ññ˜ñuse.€€He€conceded€that€he€had€consumed€one€beer€at€the€time€of€the€present€offense,Ïbut€he€denied€that€he€was€intoxicated.€€The€defendant€testified€that€he€had€not€gottenÐ Œ7„06 ÐÑ< ÑÑ7€ ÜÞ XXdæ XXdæ7ÑÑ  Ññ¡ñÑ< ÑÑ7€ ŒÙ XXdæ XXdæ7ÑÑ  Ññ¡ñinto€any€fights€and€had€stayed€out€of€trouble€since€the€offense€occurred.€€The€defendantÐ  Ðstated€that€he€no€longer€owned€a€gun.€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌÌà ¸ àThe€presentence€report€reflects€that€the€defendant€is€a€high€schoolÏgraduate€and€a€student€at€a€community€college€majoring€in€psychology.€€It€showed€thatÏthe€defendant€was€employed€part„time€while€attending€college€and€was€assigned€toÏclean€the€federal€courthouse.€€The€defendantððs€supervisor€reported€that€the€defendantÏwas€a€dependable€worker.€€The€report€states€that€the€defendant€also€had€beenÏemployed€at€a€couple€of€restaurants.€€It€reflects€that€the€defendant€had€no€prior€felonyÏconvictions€but€had€a€prior€misdemeanor€conviction€for€carrying€a€weapon€with€theÏintent€to€go€armed.€€The€defendant€also€conceded€that€he€had€been€arrested€forÏcarrying€brass€knuckles.€€As€a€juvenile,€the€defendant€was€convicted€of€the€illegalÏpossession€of€alcohol.€€The€presentence€report€states€that€the€defendant€reported€thatÏhe€had€excellent€physical€health€but€fair€mental€health.€€He€explained€that€he€obtainedÏpsychiatric€treatment€in€April€1996€after€exhibiting€a€ð ðparanoid,€hostile,€and€violentÏattitudeðð€at€home.€€The€defendantððs€psychiatrist€confirmed€that€the€defendant€was€easilyÏangered€and€irritated€and€that€he€showed€signs€of€severe€depression.€€The€defendantððsÏpsychiatrist€stated€that€he€prescribed€medication€for€the€defendantððs€condition,€that€heÏsaw€the€defendant€monthly,€and€that€the€defendantððs€condition€had€improved.€€Ìà ¸ àÌà ¸ àThe€presentence€report€reflects€that€the€defendant€admitted€that€he€beganÏdrinking€alcohol€twice€a€week€at€the€age€of€sixteen.€€The€defendant€conceded€that€hisÏdrinking€increased€during€the€summer€of€1996,€stating€that€he€drank€alcohol€almostÏevery€day.€€The€defendant€believed€that€he€could€quit€on€his€own€but€stated€that€heÏwould€go€for€treatment€if€ordered€by€the€court.€€The€defendant€also€admitted€that€he€hadÏused€marijuana€every€day€since€the€age€of€eighteen€but€that€he€had€stopped€using€theÏdrug€in€December€1996€because€he€knew€that€he€would€have€to€submit€to€a€drug€test.€ÏThe€report€states€that€drug€testing€of€the€defendant€was€negative€for€drugs.€€TheÐ Œ7„06 Ðdefendant€denied€any€other€drug€use,€except€for€trying€Valium€a€few€years€earlier.€€TheÏpresentence€report€reflects€that€the€defendant€had€never€obtained€treatment€for€hisÏsubstance€abuse.ÌÌà ¸ àAt€the€conclusion€of€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€sentenced€theÏdefendant€as€a€Range€I,€standard€offender€to€four€years,€with€the€defendant€to€serveÏone€month€in€the€county€jail€followed€by€three€years€and€eleven€months€of€intensiveÏprobation.€€The€trial€court€stated€that€it€chose€not€to€sentence€the€defendant€to€theÏcustody€of€the€Department€of€Correction€but€informed€the€defendant€that€he€could€beÏsent€to€the€Department€of€Correction€if€he€did€not€abide€by€the€rules.€€The€court€notedÏthe€problems€that€carrying€a€gun€involves€and€that€the€defendant€had€been€in€trouble€forÏcarrying€weapons€in€the€past.€€It€found€that€although€it€could€not€determine€who€startedÏthe€argument,€both€the€victim€and€the€defendant€had€said€things€to€each€other.€€It€alsoÏstated€that€the€defendant€should€not€have€responded€by€pulling€out€a€gun€and€that€heÏwas€lucky€that€nothing€worse€happened.€€The€trial€court€determined€that€it€would€be€aÏhuge€mistake€to€place€the€defendant€on€straight€probation€because€of€the€defendantððsÏcontinuing€course€of€conduct.€€It€held€that€one€month€of€incarceration€in€the€county€jailÏwas€appropriate€under€the€circumstances.€€The€trial€court€required€that€the€defendantÏgo€to€college€and€work€as€a€condition€of€his€probation.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌÌà ¸ àInitially,€we€note€that€the€transcript€of€the€sentencing€hearing€does€notÏcontain€the€arguments€of€counsel€made€in€the€trial€court.€€In€order€to€conduct€a€full€òòdeóóÐ Ä,¼%* Ðòònovoóó€review,€we€must€consider€the€arguments€of€counsel€as€to€sentencing€alternatives.€Ð .ˆ', ÐT.C.A.€ðð€40„35„210(b)(3).€€It€is€the€defendantððs€obligation€to€prepare€a€fair,€accurate€andÏcomplete€account€of€what€transpired€with€respect€to€the€issues€raised€on€appeal.€ÏT.R.A.P.€24(b).€€Ìâ âÐ À5¸.4 Ðà ¸ àIn€any€event,€the€record€reflects€that€the€trial€court€failed€to€state€whether€itÏâ âpresumed€the€defendant€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing.€€As€aÏRange€I,€standard€offender€who€has€been€convicted€of€a€Class€E€felony,€the€defendantÏis€presumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€for€a€sentence€other€than€confinement,€if€thereÏis€no€evidence€to€the€contrary.€€òòSeeóó€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„102(5)€and€(6).€€The€presumption€inÐ 80 Ðfavor€of€alternative€sentencing€may€be€rebutted€if€(1)€ð ðconfinement€is€necessary€toÏprotect€society€by€restraining€the€defendant€who€has€a€long€history€of€criminal€conduct,ððÏ(2)€ð ðconfinement€is€necessary€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousness€of€the€offense€orÏconfinement€is€particularly€suited€to€provide€an€effective€deterrence€to€others€likelyÏcommit€similar€offenses,ðð€or€(3)€ð ðmeasures€less€restrictive€than€confinement€haveÏfrequently€or€recently€been€applied€unsuccessfully€to€the€defendant.ðð€€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„¼103(1)(A)„(C);€òòseeóó€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€€1991).€€Ð ÌÄ ÐÌà ¸ àNevertheless,€the€trial€court€properly€required€that€the€defendant€serveÏone€month€of€his€sentence€in€the€county€jail.€€We€believe€that€some€period€ofÏincarceration€was€necessary€given€the€nature€of€the€offense€and€the€defendantððsÏbackground.€€òòSeeóó€T.C.A.€ðð€40„35„103(1)(B).€€The€defendant€should€not€have€beenÐ È#À  Ðcarrying€a€gun€with€him€and€should€not€have€used€it€against€the€victim€merely€becauseÏhe€was€angry€at€him€for€calling€him€racist€names.€€The€defendant€had€been€in€trouble€inÏthe€past€for€carrying€a€weapon€and€should€have€known€that€the€use€of€a€weapon€wasÏnot€an€appropriate€response€to€the€situation.€€Under€these€circumstances,€a€period€ofÏone„month€incarceration€is€appropriate€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousness€of€theÏoffense€to€the€defendant€and€to€deter€him€from€similar€conduct€in€the€future.Ì›Ìà ¸ àIn€consideration€of€the€foregoing€and€the€record€as€a€whole,€we€affirm€theÏœjudgment€of€conviction.€ÌÌÓÓ€à ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÐ Œ7„06 Ðà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJoseph€M.€Tipton,€Judge€Ð r8j17 ЇñŸñÌÌñŸñCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÐ   ˜ ÐGary€R.€Wade,€Presiding€Judge€ÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ð   ÐóóDavid€H.€Welles,€Judge€Ð ü  ÐÌ