ÿWPC— ;QwØ+g+êËÃþ MÁ`> Ò€ß4ô?ƒùÙ rN„Tñ* !Þ5šV[7ãö®ÈkÍ¿‡ª¤Pé„5Ãã¦uOÊyƒ«âY\òA€±±IÔÀ Mén› æýÑ}Õxíµ«RÍØg^7Ä‹«ÔØ÷r£¤ýÆŠ|5±ü8Х߻¼ëE´³¬Ñ›Å=;’ êä,[ÎêÅȪn>¸cHú5Ù:‹_Qêr4Ÿ.àþ®n©Œ¼h&sÕˆ‡Œ™:Cü•Gìê?°ÖI˜uB†N~“콩½S/Pû^­e«%ïžó¥YU‡oë:qÄìœyúô=”BC|“%å¯G„à ©W¯æ¸î.0á h2Í=ó©Ñ˜Iva͓ו-¢±†LèU¿XbOSCN˜x’UÑÊôÎAvW„§Ðô‡¤zšyŽLeáN²±gûTë™ôÚÒ×(Y͸+êþ‚X€wØ ÒO !y=¶U:¾vøU:nÒ¨U:z*´U:ÞÞÞÞÞÞ B AQ5Ɔ 0DL 0D 0DÔÔ D/ BG D3d˜HP LaserJet 4HPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLàÏ(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡,“í|AZ‹"Arial Regular- ù- >eBECDEEFGHJKÓ€Ìqæ$3|xV(v(2™`$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X«£XXXÔÔ€ôäÕôXX«£Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó ôÝ ƒ üÝ$Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝIt€is€the€policy€of€this€Court€to€refrain€from€disclosing€the€names€of€minor€victims€ofÐ `  Ðsexual€assault.€€Instead€we€will€refer€to€the€victim€by€her€initials. NÝ ƒ ™`$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X«£XXXÔÔ€ôäÕôXX«£Ôà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝIt€is€the€policy€of€this€Court€to€refrain€from€disclosing€the€names€of€minor€victims€of€sexualÐ `  Ðassault.€€Instead€we€will€refer€to€the€victim€by€her€initials. mÝ ƒ àÀ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X[ÚXXXÔÔ€ô$ßôXX[ÚÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€State€cites€in€its€brief€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€37„1„601(a)€as€a€statement€by€theÐ `  ÐGeneral€Assembly€of€Tennessee€that€the€public€policy€of€Tennessee€favors€severe€punishment€for€childÏsex€abusers.€€While€this€code€section€does€embody€a€legislative€expression€of€concern€about€theÏincidence€of€child€sexual€abuse,€the€General€Assembly€has€nevertheless€seen€fit€to€retain€probation€as€anÏalternative€sentence€for€many€child€sex€abusers. ÈÝ ƒ àÀ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X[ÚXXXÔÔ€ô$ßôXX[ÚÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAlthough€we€have€concluded€that€the€need€to€deter€child€sex€abuse€cases€through€incarcerationÐ `  Ðis€obvious,€the€question€of€the€need€for€extrinsic€proof€on€this€issue€is€the€subject€of€some€disagreement€inÏthe€courts.€€When€there€is€abundant€empirical€and€anecdotal€evidence€concerning€the€number€of€incidentsÏchild€sex€abuse€in€our€communities,€law€enforcement€efforts€to€curb€it,€and€the€problems€caused€by€it,€itÏescapes€us€why€prosecutors€in€many€instances€fail€to€introduce€such€proof€when€opposing€probation€inÏthese€types€of€case. Ý ƒ üÝ$Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€State€cites€in€its€brief€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€37„1„601(a)€as€a€statement€byÐ `  Ðthe€General€Assembly€of€Tennessee€that€the€public€policy€of€Tennessee€favors€severe€punishmentÏfor€child€sex€abusers.€€While€this€code€section€does€embody€a€legislative€expression€of€concernÏabout€the€incidence€of€child€sexual€abuse€the€General€Assembly€has€nevertheless€seen€fit€to€retainÏprobation€as€an€alternative€sentence€for€many€child€sex€abusers. oÝ ƒ üÝ$Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAlthough€we€have€concluded€that€the€need€to€deter€child€sex€abuse€cases€throughÐ `  Ðincarceration€is€obvious,€the€questions€of€the€need€for€extrinsic€proof€on€this€issue€is€the€subjectÏof€some€disagreement€in€the€courts.€€When€there€is€abundant€empirical€and€›anecdotal€evidenceÏconcerning€the€number€of€incidents€child€sex€abuse€in€our€communities€law€enforcement€effortsÏto€curb€it,€and€the€problems€caused€by€it,€it€escapes€us€why€prosecutors€in€many€instances€fail€toÏintroduce€such€proof€when€opposing€probation€in€these€types€of€case.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular lÝ ƒ àÀ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X[ÚXXXÔÔ€ô$ßôXX[ÚÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€State€cites€in€its€brief€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€37„1„601(a)€as€a€statement€by€theÐ `  ÐGeneral€Assembly€of€Tennessee€that€the€public€policy€of€Tennessee€favors€severe€punishment€for€childÏsex€abusers.€€While€this€code€section€does€embody€a€legislative€expression€of€concern€about€theÏincidence€of€child€sexual€abuse€the€General€Assembly€has€nevertheless€seen€fit€to€retain€probation€as€anÏalternative€sentence€for€many€child€sex€abusers.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ÈÝ ƒ àÀ$ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X[ÚXXXÔÔ€ô$ßôXX[ÚÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝAlthough€we€have€concluded€that€the€need€to€deter€child€sex€abuse€cases€through€incarcerationÐ `  Ðis€obvious,€the€questions€of€the€need€for€extrinsic€proof€on€this€issue€is€the€subject€of€some€disagreementÏin€the€courts.€€When€there€is€abundant€empirical€and€anecdotal€evidence€concerning€the€number€ofÏincidents€child€sex€abuse€in€our€communities€law€enforcement€efforts€to€curb€it,€and€the€problems€causedÏby€it,€it€escapes€us€why€prosecutors€in€many€instances€fail€to€introduce€such€proof€when€opposingÏprobation€in€these€types€of€case.,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ý ƒ"¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€X«£XXXÔÔ€C XX«£ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X«£X CÔÐ  ÐÌò òSeptember€10,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôäÕôXX«£ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular d!"#$&Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó(('÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝñKññ>ñ›ñ>ññKñÑ` °ÑÒ°ÒÒ„°ÒÔ€Š‚šŠXXÔÔ€Š£ŠŠŠ‚šÔÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ€ÑÑ7€6XXdìXXdð7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò òñKñßr€ )<,(j 8` `€€@Eôf ` ttx$,` ð Úrß›ñKñIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÐ `  ÐÌAT€KNOXVILLEÌÌFEBRUARY€SESSION,€1998ÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à À à)à  àC.C.A.€NO.€03C01„9706„CC„00220Ð ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àó ó)Ð ` Ðà ` àAppellee,à  àà h àà À àò ò)Ð Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àANDERSON€COUNTYÐ Xø  ÐVS.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àÐ Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHON.€JAMES€B.€SCOTT,€JR.ó óÐ Xø  Ðò òJOSEPH€J.€BROOKS,ó óà h àà À àò ò)à  àJUDGEó óÐ Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àò ò)ó óÐ Xø Ðà ` àAppellant.à  àà h àà À àò ò)à  à(Probation€Denial)Ð Xø Ðó óÌÌÓ  ÓÌÌòòÓ  ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à h àà À àà  àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:Ð 8Ø ÐÌNANCY€MEYERà  àà h àà À àà  àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÐ ( È ÐOffice€of€the€Public€Defenderà À àà  àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ  !À Ð101€South€Main€Streetà h àà À àÐ "¸ ÐSuite€450à ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àMARVIN€E.€CLEMENTS,€JR.Ð #° ÐClinton,€TN€€37716à h àà À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÐ $¨ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJAMES€N.€RAMSEYÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJAN€HICKSÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€District€AttorneyÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à127€Anderson€County€CourthouseÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àClinton,€TN€€37716ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÐ  x5,-S ÐÓ  Óò òòòÔ‡„ðï„ŠŠ£ÔOPINIONóóó óÔ#†Š£Š„„ðïÎ #ÔÐ `  ÐÌÓ  ÓÓÓÌà ` àAn€Anderson€County€grand€jury€indicted€Appellant€on€three€counts€of€rapeÏof€a€child€and€three€counts€of€incest,€alleging€sexual€penetration€of€MT,ÏAppellantððs€step„daughter.ñ>ñ׃ ×ñ>ññ>ñ׃ ×ñ>ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€On€August€19,€1996,€Appellant€entered€a€plea€of€€òònoloÐ Œ, Ðcontendereóó€to€the€reduced€charge€of€three€counts€of€simple€rape,€for€an€agreedÐ |  Ðsentence€of€eight€years€on€each€count,€with€the€sentences€to€be€run€concurrently.ÏThe€trial€court€conducted€a€probation€hearing€on€February€7,€1997,€after€whichÏthe€trial€court€denied€probation€and€ordered€Appellant€to€serve€his€sentence€in€theÏTennessee€Department€of€Correction.€Appellant€appeals€from€this€denial€ofÏprobation.ÌÌà ` àAfter€a€review€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà ` àWhen€a€defendant€complains€of€his€or€her€sentence,€we€must€conduct€aÐ ì$Œ Ðòòde€novoóó€review€with€a€presumption€of€correctness.€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„Ð Ü&| Ð401(d).€The€burden€of€showing€that€the€sentence€is€improper€is€upon€theÏappealing€party.€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)€Sentencing€CommissionÏComments.€This€presumption,€however,€is€conditioned€upon€an€affirmativeÏshowing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€andÏall€the€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169Ð Œ0,'( Ð(Tenn.€1991).Ìâ âÐ l4 +, Ðà ` àThe€Sentencing€Reform€Act€of€1989€established€specific€procedures€whichÏâ âmust€be€followed€in€sentencing.€These€procedures,€codified€at€Tennessee€CodeÏAnnotated€ðð€40„35„210,€œmandateñEñdñEñ›€the€œñDñtrial€ñDñcourtððs›€consideration€of€the€following:ÌÌÒ` „ÒÒ` ÒÓÓ(1)€The€evidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€and€theÏsentencing€hearing;€(2)€[t]he€presentence€report;€(3)€[t]heÏprinciples€of€sentencing€and€arguments€as€to€sentencingÏalternatives;€(4)€[t]he€nature€and€characteristics€of€theÏcriminal€conduct€involved;€(5)€[e]vidence€and€informationÏoffered€by€the€parties€on€the€enhancement€and€mitigatingÏfactors€in€ðððð€40„35„113€and€40„35„114;€and€(6)€[a]nyÏstatement€the€defendant€wishes€to€make€in€his€own€behalfÏabout€sentencing.ÌÒ` ÒÒ„` ÒÓÓÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210.€€In€determining€whether€incarceration€isÏappropriate€the€trial€court€must€take€into€account€the€following€principles:ÌÌÓÓà ` à(1)à0 ¸ à(A)€€Confinement€is€necessary€to€protect€society€by€restraining€aÐ ˜!8 Ðdefendant€who€has€a€long€history€of€criminal€conduct;Ð ¸ T$¸ T$ Ðà0 ` àà0¸ ` T$` T$à(B)€€Confinement€is€necessary€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousnessÏof€the€offense€or€confinement€is€particularly€suited€to€provide€anÏeffective€deterrence€to€others€likely€to€commit€similar€offenses;€orÐ ¸ T$¸ T$ Ðà0 ` àà0¸ ` T$` T$à(C)€€Measures€less€restrictive€than€confinement€have€frequently€orÏrecently€been€applied€unsuccessfully€to€the€defendant;Ð ¸ T$¸ T$ Ðà ` à(2)à0 ¸ àThe€sentence€imposed€should€be€no€greater€than€that€deserved€forÐ `(  Ðthe€offense€committed;Ð ¸ T$¸ T$ Ðà ` à(3)à0 ¸ àInequalities€in€sentences€that€are€unrelated€to€a€purpose€of€thisÐ P*ð " Ðchapter€should€be€avoided;Ð ¸ T$¸ T$ Ðà ` à(4)à0 ¸ àThe€sentence€imposed€should€be€the€least€severe€measureÐ @,à"$ Ðnecessary€to€achieve€the€purposes€for€which€the€sentence€isÏimposed;Ð ¸ T$¸ T$ Ðà ` à(5)à0 ¸ àThe€potential€or€lack€of€potential€for€the€rehabilitation€or€treatmentÐ (/È%' Ðof€the€defendant€should€be€considered€in€determining€the€sentenceÏalternative€or€length€of€a€term€to€be€imposed.€€The€length€of€a€termÏof€probation€may€reflect€the€length€of€a€treatment€or€rehabilitationÏprogram€in€which€participation€is€a€condition€of€the€sentence;€andÐ ¸ T$¸ T$ Ðà ` à(6)à0 ¸ àTrial€judges€are€encouraged€to€use€alternatives€to€incarceration€thatÐ 4 *, Ðinclude€requirements€of€reparation,€victim€compensation€and/orÏcommunity€service.Ð ¸ T$¸ T$ Ðâ âÓßÓÐ è6ˆ-/ ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103.€€Apart€from€a€stated€desire€to€avoid€depreciatingÏâ âthe€seriousness€of€the€offense,€and€the€need€for€deterrence,€the€record€does€notÏreflect€consideration€by€the€trial€judge€of€the€criteria€outlined€above.€€We€thereforeÏreview€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€the€determination€to€deny€probation€in€this€case.Ð 0Ð ÐÌà ` àIrrespective€of€whether€the€sentence€actually€imposed€by€the€trial€court€isÏreviewed€with€or€without€a€presumption€of€correctness,€on€appeal€the€burden€ofÏshowing€the€impropriety€of€the€sentence€and€the€entitlement€to€probation€remainsÏwith€the€defendant.€€Sentencing€Commission€Comments,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„¼35„210€(b)(3)€(1990);€òòState€v.€Binghamóó,€910€S.W.2d€448,€455€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð Ðp Ð1995).€€As€a€Range€I,€standard€offender,€convicted€of€a€Class€B€felony,€AppellantÏis€not€presumptively€entitled€to€a€sentence€other€than€continuous€confinement€forÏthe€duration€of€the€term€of€years€imposed.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„503(b)ñ9ñ€andÏðð€œ40„35„102(ñ9ññBññ9ñbñ9ññBññCñ6ñCññ9ñ)ñ9ñ›€(ñ:ñSuppñ:ññ;ññ:ñ€ñ:ññ;ññ<ñ.€ñ<ñ1994ñ=ñ€Supp.ñ=ñ).ÌÌà ` àThe€presentence€report€indicates€that€the€Appellant€is€a€47€year€old€manÏsuffering€from€alcoholism.€€He€has€a€history€of€arrests€and€convictions€for€publicÏintoxication€and€driving€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant.€€Although€he€hasÏbeen€in€and€out€of€treatment€for€alcoholism€since€the€1970's,€these€efforts€appearÏto€have€been€largely€unsuccessful€up€until€the€commission€of€the€presentÏoffenses.€€The€Appellant€also€has€a€poor€employment€history.ÌÌà ` àThe€Appellant€presented€proof€that€he€was,€at€the€time€of€sentencing,Ïemployed€and€had€completed€in„patient€treatment€for€alcoholism.€€He€was€alsoÏâ âparticipating€in€out„patient€treatment€and€he€had€stayed€away€from€M.T.€€TheÐ à7€.0 ÐAppellant€stated€that€he€was€not€a€danger€to€the€community,€and€he€presentedÏtwo€character€witnesses€in€support€of€his€request€for€probation.Ìâ âÌà ` àAt€the€close€of€the€hearing,€the€trial€court€denied€probation€in€order€to€avoidÏdepreciating€the€seriousness€of€the€offense€and€in€order€to€deter€others€fromÏcommitting€the€same€type€of€offense.ÌÌòòNeed€to€Avoid€Depreciating€the€Seriousness€of€the€OffenseÐ ð  ÐóóÌà ` àWhen€the€legislature€has€determined€that€probation€is€permissible€for€anÏoffense,€in€order€for€probation€to€be€denied€on€the€basis€of€a€need€to€avoidÏdepreciating€the€seriousness€of€the€offense,€ð ðthe€circumstances€of€the€offense€asÏcommitted€must€be€especially€violent,€horrifying,€shocking,€reprehensible,Ïoffensive,€or€otherwise€of€a€excessive€or€exaggerated€degree.ðð€€òòState€v.€Hartleyóó,Ð "0 Ð818€S.W.2d€370,€374€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).ñ>ññHñœ×ƒ×ñHññHñ׃×ñHññ>ññ>ñ׃×ñ>ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×›€€Although€the€Appellantððs€actionsÐ €$  Ðin€this€case€are€disgusting,€we€cannot€say€œthatñFñ,ñFñ›€as€œcommittedñGñ,ñGñ›€this€case€meets€theÏòòHartleyóó€standard.Ð `(  ÐÌòòNeed€for€DeterrenceóóÐ @,à"$ ÐÌà ` àOrdinarily,€the€denial€of€probation€based€on€the€need€for€deterrence€ofÏother€potential€offenders€must€be€supported€by€specific€evidence€of€the€need€inÏthe€community€for€deterrence€in€the€commission€of€crimes€like€those€committedÐ 4 *, Ðby€the€defendant.€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€170€(Tenn.€1991).€€However,Ð `  Ðno€extrinsic€proof€is€required€to€establish€the€need€for€deterrence€in€theÏcommission€of€certain€criminal€offenses;€the€need€for€incarceration€of€offendersÏin€these€cases€is€self„evident.€€òòState€v.€Damon€W.€Byrdóó,€No.€01C01„9503„CR„Ð 0Ð Ð00083€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€August€1,€1996);€òòState€v.€Pinkhamóó,€No.€02C01„9502„Ð  À ÐCR„00040€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€May€24,€1996);€òòState€v.€Millsapsóó,€920€S.W.2d€267,Ð °  Ð271€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).€€Sexual€molestation€of€children€is€an€offense€whereÏthe€need€for€deterrence€is€obvious.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Vinesóó,€No.€95€1991€WL€21603,Ð ð  Ðat€*1€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€Feb.€22,€1991);€òòSee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Krattsóó,€No.€193,€1988Ð à€ ÐWL€633512,€at€*4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€June€22,€1988)(commenting€that€ð ðthere€isÏa€public€awareness€of€the€need€to€deter€an€individual€who€would€sexually€abuseÏchildrenðð€and€that€ð ðthe€need€to€deter€.€.€.€is€obviousðð).€€Thus,€we€conclude€thatÏprobation€was€properly€denied€on€the€basis€of€the€need€to€deter€others€fromÏcommitting€crimes€similar€to€those€of€the€Appellant.ñ>ññJñœ×ƒ×ñJññJñ׃×ñJññ>ññ>ñ׃×ñ>ñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  כР"0 ÐÌà ` àAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.ÌÓ  ÓÌÓÓà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à____________________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGEÐ 4 *, ЇÌ___________________________________ÌWILLIAM€B.€ACREE,€JR.€SPECIAL€JUDGE