ÿWPC \Ót@w‡Z*؆F¦ÇËŠ¾LÚÁsPžE¡ZCéËÍf0VÑü`ú¢´\µp„Ð ~(=ÉàJg‰tº,þÑ_ãÙUÞpJ2†%Á#öê fqêëúæÈYï0¦&á‹$Ë}’˜`üšiÍHßþ•›E±pg½„e–þ[±-_«WÆ2RB‡Õ6ù7à{oááOpYY¨y®ô)Y7 ]v5 œJZ€K½=O•ä@‘Ë£®t@·“¦?îL`!>J/‡Ò3n°FI'ÝèËŸœ^X+(¿X06ŸôŸúî§µÔ 'Üp'¦W¥ãg¾C\òñ4Ž ¬‚•;XØû—áÙ÷;ÕV¦–7 j]+··> +ãË6ù`ۉ˜#¬ózâ6=Á%›¥ñÒŸ÷ïEZD×nm>”ÇCÁ¿xU?M‚Çq ù¯'jEI),&3`Ï]‚êÕZªRô"pÀSöÃßµá"k1 kTJ¯˜CoA{+M©GÆÊ[?À!äN Ê?¥Fñ„­n¸4iÔapý(¿œÞBèÄXFicŒæè ‘ém‹b#Á\ % ^ # 0ˆ/ U-N· w 4 z Ò— i x mz ‘ Æ™ Æ_ Æ% Æë U"@±NñññEóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóóbõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõõ 0ëýýýý Bèè 0¤ D5© D-Þ 0K   ASVÆ© 0¤o 0D A«W˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0»¤) (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularÖJ~'ê:i œ ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman - ù-(|G2«$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€A0»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€X- X»»Ô d(|3Vv$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€A0»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3Vv$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€A0»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€A0»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€¼A0»»»ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ÔÑ8€- XXdæ»»d8Ñà@HHìàÔ#†¼A0»XX- ª#ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@§§$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ‡X- X»¼A0ԈР¾ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àÔ_ÔFEBURARYÔ_Ô€2000€SessionÐ Ì Ðò òÓ  ÓÔ#†¼A0»XX- —#ÔSTATEòòóó€OF€TENNESSEE€v.€MICHAEL€BYRDÔ‡X- X»¼A0Ôòòóóó óÐ ² ÐÓUÓÌà@Í Í ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Giles€CountyˆÐ ¦ ö Ðà@ë ë ìàNo.€7243€€€€€€Jim€T.€Hamilton,€JudgeˆÐ Œ Ü ÐÌÌà@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<= ` A߈Ð > Ž  ÐÌà@Ì Ì ìàNo.€M1999„00456„CCA„R3„CD„€Filed€August€31,€Ô_Ô2000Ô_Ô€ˆÐ 3ƒ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<þ` AßÐ ÿO  Ðó óÌOn€February€13,€1996,€the€appellant€was€convicted€of€attempted€aggravated€child€abuse,€a€class€CÐ ôD  Ðfelony,€pursuant€to€his€plea€of€nolo€contendere€in€the€Giles€County€Circuit€CourtÔ#†¼A0»XX- ¬#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0Ô.€€The€trial€courtÐ Ú*  Ðimposed€a€sentence€of€six€years€incarceration€in€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction,€suspendingÐ À Ðthe€appellantððs€sentence€and€ordering€an€equal€term€of€participation€in€the€local€communityÐ ¦ö Ðcorrections€program.€€On€March€3,€1999,€the€trial€court€revoked€the€appellantððs€communityÐ ŒÜ Ðcorrections€sentence,€and€the€appellant€now€challenges€the€revocation€and€his€consequentÐ r Ðincarceration€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€€Following€a€review€of€the€record€and€the€partiesððÐ X¨ Ðbriefs,€we€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€and€remand€this€case€for€proceedings€consistentÐ >Ž Ðwith€this€opinion.Ð $t ÐÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€is€Reversed€andÐ ð@ ÐRemanded.ó óÐ Ö& ÐÌòòNorma€McGee€Ogle,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€G.€Hayes,€J.,€andÐ ¢ò ÐJerry€L.€Smith,€Ô_ÔJ.J.Ô_Ôóó,€joined.Ð ˆØ ÐÌBeverly€J.€White,€Assistant€District€Public€Defender,€for€the€appellant,€Michael€Byrd.Ð T¤ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter,€Todd€R.€Kelley,€Assistant€Attorney€General,€andÐ  !p! ÐMike€Bottoms,€District€Attorney€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð "V" ÐÌà@55'ìàò òOPINIONó óˆÐ Ò#"$ Ðà  àà ` àThe€appellant,€Michael€Byrd,€appeals€the€trial€courtððs€revocation€of€his€communityÐ ¸$ % Ðcorrections€sentence€and€his€consequent€incarceration€in€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction.€Ð ž%î & ÐÔ‡X- XXX- ÔSpecifically,€the€appellant€contends€that€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€in€revoking€hisÐ „&Ô!' Ðcommunity€corrections€sentence€on€the€bases€of€the€appellantððs€violation€of€his€curfew€and€his€failureÐ j'º"( Ðto€maintain€telephone€service€at€his€residence€for€purposes€of€electronic€monitoring.€€Moreover,€theÐ P( #) Ðappellant€contends€that,€to€the€extent€the€trial€court€revoked€his€alternative€sentence€on€the€basis€ofÐ 6)†$* Ðhis€failure€to€maintain€telephone€service€at€his€residence,€he€was€denied€the€equal€protection€of€theÐ *l%+ Ðlaws.Ô#†X- XXX- à #ÔÔ#†¼A0»XX- Ï#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0Ô€€Following€a€review€of€the€record€and€the€partiesðð€briefs,€we€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€trialÐ +R&, Ðcourt€and€remand€this€case€for€proceedings€consistent€with€this€opinion.Ð è+8'- ÐÌà@¬¬)ìàò òI.ó óˆÐ ´-)/ý ÐÔ_Ôà  àà ` àò òòòó óóóOn€February€13,€1996,€the€appellant€was€convicted€of€attempted€aggravated€childÐ ° Ðabuse€pursuant€to€his€plea€of€nolo€contendere€in€the€Giles€County€Circuit€CourtÔ#†¼A0»XX- Ž#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0Ô.€€The€trial€courtÐ –æ Ðimposed€a€sentence€of€six€years€incarceration€in€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction,€suspendingÐ |Ì Ðthe€appellantððs€sentence€and€imposing€an€equal€period€of€participation€in€the€local€communityÐ b² Ðcorrections€program.€€On€May€29,€1996,€the€trial€court€revoked€the€appellantððs€communityÐ H˜ Ðcorrections€sentence€due€to€threatening€statements€made€by€the€appellant€concerning€an€assistantÐ . ~ Ðdistrict€attorney€general€who€had€prosecuted€his€case.€€However,€on€May€1,€1998,€this€court€reversedÐ  d Ðthe€trial€courtððs€judgment€and€ordered€the€reinstatement€of€the€appellantððs€community€correctionsÐ ú J Ðsentence€ð ðunder€such€additional€terms€and€conditions€as€the€trial€court€may€require.ðð€€òòState€v.€Byrdóó,Ð à 0 ÐNo.€01C01„9609„CC„00411,€1998€WL€216859,€at€*10€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Nashville,€May€1,Ð Æ   Ð1998).€€In€reversing€the€trial€courtððs€judgment,€this€court€concluded€that,€although€the€appellantððsÐ ¬ ü  Ðstatements€concerning€the€assistant€district€attorney€general€ð ðare€cause€for€serious€concern,€becauseÐ ’â  Ðthey€reflect€a€lack€of€remorse€for€his€crimes€and€raise€doubts€as€to€whether€the€defendant€possessesÐ xÈ  Ðrehabilitative€qualities,ðð€the€statements€did€not€constitute€a€violation€of€specific€conditions€of€theÐ ^®  Ðcommunity€corrections€program€nor,€generally,€a€violation€of€the€laws€of€this€state.€€òòId.óó€at€**6„7.Ð D”  ÐÌà  àà ` àOn€August€3,€1998,€pursuant€to€this€courtððs€mandate,€the€trial€court€reinstated€theÐ ` Ðappellantððs€community€corrections€sentence€and,€in€addition€to€requiring€the€appellant€to€follow€allÐ öF Ðof€the€rules€set€forth€in€his€ð ðbehavioral€contractðð€with€the€community€corrections€program,€imposedÐ Ü, Ða€curfew€on€the€appellant€and€ordered€the€appellant€to€stay€away€from€the€victim€in€his€case€and€theÐ Â Ðassistant€district€attorney€general€who€was€the€subject€of€his€threatening€statements.€€According€toÐ ¨ø Ðthe€appellantððs€community€corrections€case€officer,€Melanie€Rice,€the€court€ð ðstressed€that€[theÐ ŽÞ Ðappellant]€needed€to€be€supervised.ðð€€Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àà ` àSubsequently,€on€January€14,€1999,€the€trial€court€issued€another€revocation€warrantÐ @ Ðon€the€basis€of€an€affidavit€by€Ms.€Rice€alleging€the€appellantððs€failure€to€abide€by€his€curfew€andÐ &v Ðhis€failure€to€maintain€an€operational€telephone€at€his€residence€for€purposes€of€electronicÐ  \ Ðmonitoring.€€The€trial€court€conducted€a€revocation€hearing€on€February€17,€1999.Ð òB ÐÌà  àà ` àAt€the€revocation€hearing,€testimony€adduced€by€the€State,€including€testimony€byÐ ¾ ÐMs.€Rice,€officers€of€the€Pulaski€Police€Department,€and€an€employee€of€Favorite€Market€in€Pulaski,Ð ¤ô Ðestablished€that€the€appellant€had€violated€his€curfew€by€frequenting€the€Favorite€Market€both€lateÐ Š Ú Ðat€night€and€during€early€morning€hours.€€Indeed,€testimony€established€that,€on€at€least€one€occasionÐ p!À  Ðin€October€1998,€the€appellant€lingered€at€the€market€from€midnight€until€3:00€a.m.€€On€anotherÐ V"¦! Ðoccasion€in€November€1998,€the€appellant€stayed€at€the€market€from€3:00€a.m.€until€6:45€a.m.€€TheÐ <#Œ" Ðappellant€was€ultimately€barred€from€the€market€due€to€his€persistent€harassment€of€an€employee.Ð "$r# ÐÌà  àà ` àMs.€Rice€also€testified€at€the€revocation€hearing€that€the€appellantððs€behavioralÐ î%>!% Ðcontract€required€that€the€appellant€be€electronically€monitored,€at€a€minimum,€during€the€first€ninetyÐ Ô&$"& Ðdays€of€his€participation€in€the€community€corrections€program.€€However,€according€to€Ms.€Rice,Ð º' #' Ðthe€appellant€did€not€fully€cooperate€in€obtaining€telephone€service€at€his€residence,€which€serviceÐ  (ð#( Ðwas€necessary€for€electronic€monitoring.€€Moreover,€although€the€appellant€finally€installed€anÐ †)Ö$) Ðoperational€telephone€in€October€1998,€his€telephone€service€was€disconnected€on€several€occasions.€Ð l*¼%* ÐAccording€to€Ms.€Rice,€the€appellant€explained€to€her€that,€on€at€least€one€occasion,€his€telephoneÐ R+¢&+ Ðservice€was€disconnected€due€to€his€failure€to€pay€his€telephone€bill.€€The€appellant€informed€Ms.Ð 8,ˆ', ÐRice€that€he€had€made€a€van€and€a€car€payment€instead.€€Ms.€Rice€acknowledged€that,€dependingÐ ° Ðupon€individual€case€assessments,€some€participants€in€the€community€corrections€program€areÐ –æ Ðrelieved€of€the€requirement€of€electronic€monitoring€due€to€their€limited€financial€resources.Ð |Ì ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€appellant€testified€on€his€own€behalf€at€the€revocation€hearing.€€He€asserted€thatÐ H˜ ÐMs.€Riceððs€supervisor€had€granted€him€permission€to€violate€his€curfew€in€order€to€maintain€twoÐ . ~ Ðjobs.€€Although€he€admitted€visiting€the€Favorite€Market€after€his€curfew,€he€asserted€that€he€onlyÐ  d Ðstopped€at€the€market€en€route€to€work€or€as€he€was€returning€home€from€work.€€Moreover,€theÐ ú J Ðappellant€claimed€that€he€generally€only€stayed€at€the€market€for€ð ða€half€hour€or€so.ðð€€The€appellantÐ à 0 Ðconceded€that,€on€one€occasion,€he€may€have€lingered€at€the€market€for€one€and€one€half€hours.Ð Æ   ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€appellant€further€testified€that,€upon€the€reinstatement€of€his€communityÐ ’â  Ðcorrections€sentence,€he€was€unable€to€immediately€obtain€telephone€service€at€his€residence,Ð xÈ  Ðbecause€he€was€ð ðbroke,ðð€he€owed€several€unpaid€bills,€and€the€trailer€in€which€he€was€living€ð ðhadÐ ^®  Ðto€be€wired€for€a€telephone€and€all€the€lines€put€in.ðð€€The€appellant€confirmed€that€he€obtainedÐ D”  Ðtelephone€service€in€October€1998,€but,€in€contrast€to€Ms.€Riceððs€testimony,€he€asserted€that€hisÐ *z  Ðservice€was€only€disconnected€on€one€occasion€in€December€1998€due€to€the€loss€of€his€primaryÐ ` Ðemployment€and€his€consequent€failure€to€pay€his€telephone€bill.Ð öF ÐÌà  àà ` àFollowing€the€revocation€hearing,€on€March€3,€1999,€the€trial€court€revoked€theÐ Â Ðappellantððs€community€corrections€sentence€and€ordered€the€appellantððs€incarceration€in€theÐ ¨ø ÐDepartment.€€In€revoking€the€appellantððs€alternative€sentence,€the€trial€court€neglected€Ô‡X- XXX- Ôto€make€anyÐ ŽÞ Ðoral€or€written€findings€of€fact€stating€the€evidence€relied€upon€and€the€reasons€underlying€the€courtððsÐ tÄ Ðdecision.Ô#†X- XXX- Þ,#ÔÔ#†¼A0»XX- Á#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ÔÐ Zª ÐÌà@……)ìàò òII.ó óÔ‡X- XXX- ԈР&v ÐÓ  Óà  àà ` àÔ#†X- XXX- <.#ÔÔ#†¼A0»XX- ì-#ÔÔ‡¼A0»»¼A0ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ÔInitially,€we€note€that€revocation€procedures€for€probationary€sentences€andÐ  \ Ðcommunity€corrections€sentences€are€similar.€€òòÔ#†X- XXX- Û.#ÔState€v.€Harkinsóó,€811€S.W.2d€79,€82€(Tenn.€1991)Ô‡X- XXX- Ô.Ô#†X- XXX- 0#ÔÔ‡X- XXX- ÔÔ#†¼A0»XX- ú.#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ԀРòB ÐÔ#†X- XXX- D0#ÔÔ‡X- XXX- ÔòòSee€alsoóó€òòState€v.€Cousettóó,€No.€W1999„01256„CCA„R3„CD,€2000€WL€205055,€at€**1„2€(Tenn.Ð Ø( ÐCrim.€App.€at€Jackson,€February€10,€2000).€€òòCompareóó€òòState€v.€Tayloróó,€992€S.W.2d€941,€945Ð ¾ Ð(Tenn.€1999).€€Thus,€a€trial€court€may€revoke€a€defendantððs€community€corrections€sentenceÐ ¤ô Ðwhenever€it€finds€that€a€defendant€has€violated€the€conditions€of€his€sentence.€€òòÔ#†X- XXX- Þ0#ÔHarkinsóó,€811Ð Š Ú ÐS.W.2d€at€82€(citingÔ‡X- XXX- Ô€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„311(d))Ô#†X- XXX- 3#ÔÔ#†¼A0»XX- †0#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ÔÔ‡X- XXX- Ô.€€òòSee€alsoóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ p!À  Ð40-36-106(e)(4)€(1998€Supp.).Ô#†X- XXX- ´3#ÔÔ‡X- XXX- ÔÔ#†¼A0»XX- •3#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0Ô€€In€determining€whether€or€not€to€order€revocation,€the€trial€judgeÐ V"¦! Ðneed€not€find€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€a€violation€has€occurred.€€Rather,€the€existence€of€aÐ <#Œ" Ðviolation€need€only€be€supported€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence.€€òòId.Ô#†¼A0»XX- 4#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ÔÔ#†X- XXX- N4#ÔÔ‡X- XXX- Ôóó€€Upon€revocation,€theÐ "$r# Ðcourt€may€order€a€defendant€to€serve€his€sentence€in€confinement.€€òòId.óó€€Ô#†X- XXX- 06#ÔÔ#†¼A0»XX- î5#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ÔÔ‡X- XXX- ÔÐ %X $ ÐÌà  àà ` àOn€appeal,€this€court€will€not€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€absent€anÐ Ô&$"& Ðabuse€of€discretion,€reflected€in€the€record€by€an€absence€of€substantial€evidence€to€support€theÐ º' #' Ðtrial€judgeððs€findings.€€òòId.óó€€This€court's€review€of€the€evidence€does€not€encompass€an€evaluationÐ  (ð#( Ðof€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses€at€the€revocation€hearing.€€The€trial€judge€determines€theÐ †)Ö$) Ðcredibility€of€witnesses.€€òòCf.óó€òòState€v.€Mitchellóó,€810€S.W.2d€733,€735€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.1991).€Ð l*¼%* ÐòòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Hudsonóó,€No.€01C01„9310„CR„00335,€1994€WL€142730,€at€*2€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€atÐ R+¢&+ ÐNashville,€April€21,€1994).€€That€having€been€said,€a€trial€judgeððs€failure€to€make€oral€or€writtenÐ 8,ˆ', Ðfindings€of€fact€denies€a€defendant€due€process€of€law€and€requires€the€reversal€of€any€revocationÐ ° Ðand€a€remand€of€a€defendantððs€case€to€the€trial€court€for€the€entry€of€appropriate€findings.€€òòCf.óóÐ –æ ÐòòState€v.€Weaveróó,€No.€03C01„9607„CR„00269,€1998€WL€19935,€at€*3€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€atÐ |Ì ÐKnoxville,€January€22,€1998).Ô#†X- XXX- 07#ÔÔ#†¼A0»XX- 7#ÔÔ‡¼A0»»¼A0ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ÔÐ b² ÐÌà  àà ` àAgain,€in€the€instant€case,€the€trial€court€failed€to€make€the€requisite€findings€ofÐ . ~ Ðfact.€€Accordingly,€we€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€and€remand€this€case€forÐ  d Ðproceedings€consistent€with€this€opinion.€Ô#†¼A0»XX- ¤<#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ÔÔ#†X- XXX- …<#ÔÔ‡X- XXX- Ô€Although€the€appellant€correctly€states€and€it€wasÐ ú J Ðundisputed€at€the€revocation€hearing€that€he€had€received€permission€from€Ms.€Riceððs€supervisorÐ à 0 Ðto€violate€his€curfew€in€order€to€maintain€his€employmentÔ#†X- XXX- U>#ÔÔ‡X- XXX- ÔÔ#†¼A0»XX- >#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0Ô,€this€authorization€did€not€encompassÐ Æ   Ðprolonged€visits€to€Favorite€Market.€€However,€if€the€trial€court€intends€to€rely€upon€theÐ ¬ ü  Ðappellantððs€failure€to€maintain€telephone€service€at€his€residence,€the€trial€court€should€makeÐ ’â  Ðspecific€findings€concerning€the€appellantððs€financial€ability€to€maintain€such€service.€€òòCf.óó€òòStateÐ xÈ  Ðv.€Dyeóó,€715€S.W.2d€36,€39„41€(Tenn.€1986)(citing€òòBearden€v.€Georgiaóó,€461€U.S.€660,€665„668,Ð ^®  Ð672„674,€103€S.Ct.€2064,€2069„2070,€2073„2074€(1983)Ô#†¼A0»XX- Ñ?#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ÔÔ#†X- XXX- ?#ÔÔ‡X- XXX- Ô).€€If€the€appellant€wilfully€refused€to€payÐ D”  Ðfor€the€telephone€service€or€failed€to€make€bona€fide€efforts€to€obtain€the€means€to€pay,€then€theÐ *z  Ðtrial€court€may€revoke€the€community€corrections€sentence€and€order€the€appellantððsÐ ` Ðincarceration.€€òòId.óó€€If€instead€the€appellant€was€unable€to€pay€through€no€fault€of€his€own,€hisÐ öF Ðinability€may€not€form€the€basis€for€incarceration€unless€alternative€measures€other€thanÐ Ü, Ðincarceration€are€inadequate€to€meet€the€Stateððs€need€for€punishment€and€deterrence.€€òòId.óóÔ#†¼A0»XX- eB#ÔÔ‡X- X»¼A0ÔÔ#†X- XXX- §B#ÔÔ‡X- XXX- ÔÐ Â ÐÌà@^^(ìàò òIII.ó óˆÐ ŽÞ Ðà  àà ` àFor€the€foregoing€reasons,€we€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€and€remandÐ tÄ Ðthis€case€for€proceedings€consistent€with€this€opinion.€€Ô#†¼A0»XX- WE#ÔÔ#†¼A0»»¼A0™E#ÔÐ Zª ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÐ jº Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àNORMA€McGEE€OGLE,€JUDGE