WPC[b $Oic)-Id$ƕ 7EbIV`ӹwZ$I.̊\nEQ{ťU,>H xS:n nAz;)B|j#aX4@ ?ٞB"2kGs29\+̬8F2k _ߡ2ߟeJEMgĕP C/󨊧hO:}XҨ }0O(`a,`0N ev,˙5o~>:t [a8Qg A=:EKD+w_B ] ܷ3lR~ ^v1-`Zh6. XxApuz޳P8FTfBV{ּN b}/gA5%cjru>K$5% U2ZB"x,Xzo⛩P W3ޚSUI> L 0  UiH 0<V 0< 0< 0<  0F D+ Aw& 0v B+ D3H{ 0(A AMio)@o)@;aN 0  0(S AQ{-s - -  !$$.&R' %g'-m''"+$,---.1$>3-b4-44D8$9-:-,;Y;&?$@-A-B;BF$GHHHL$RNvO B+O 0CO;O4P!SUNSKT 1STTT 72.U.Ut`U`U`U^ WWW8WWW 0Y B-ZGZ 0WZ#ZU3N\\M](]N,]w.]42]F] mH];_]U#@] 1] 72a^ 1u^ 72_ 0"c:_-_b_k_________3=`;papaUHa-a; b\  `&Times New Roman'  "Unknown User"0Unknown User .   6 4Heading 1  XXX]*`0Baskerville Old Face]  8.` hp x (#8       e[X` hp x (#eS\  `&Times New RomanS*`0Baskerville Old Face<:Default Para<:Footnote Ref<:Footnote Re1< :Footnote Tex(2;$ ^~k!..      `X`X`  'dxd o&"D&raw Object Text <C HKKKK   ;"..      `X`X`  K(XK?+ ` hp x X?XéXN>: \ Kp.1E J J ?   (2;$ ^~k!..      `X`X`    d'dxd Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5($  A<< cWPC.1.1!.1 j  u  "- "--$ ~ ~ ~ ~ --   ;"..      `X`X`  K(XKXéXN>: \ Kp.1E J J ?   WPC.1.1!.1 j  u  "- "--$ ~ ~ ~ ~ -- 1      4 W      9    >  ;)..      `X`X`  _B.` hp x (#XBE.` hp x (#X(#E (#(#    (#(#WGCz hG p @X@E7 /7}߰XéX_{]MIz h x p Zd@E7x `7_XXé(2;$ ^~k!..      `X`X`  ݃ Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5($ C<< c   ;"..      `X`X`  _B.` hp x (#XB  E.` hp x  #X(#EXéXԄ  2  ڄ   #       #       #          ~ ;)..      `X`X`  XéXXéXXXéB.` hp x (#XBXXé (#(#    (#(#%WGCz hG p @X@E7 /7}XéX&WGCz h x p @X@E7x `7XXé   ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XB  E.` hp x  #X(#EXéXԄ  4  ڄ     ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XBXéXXéXXXé     `X #       ~ ;)..      `X`X`  XéXXéXXXéB.` hp x (#XBXXé (#(#    (#(#+WGCz hG p @X@E7 /7}XéX,WGCz h x p @X@E7x `7XXé   ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XB  E.` hp x  #X(#EXéXԄ  6  ڄ     ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XBXéXXéXXXé      #       ~ ;)..      `X`X`  XéXXéXXXéB.` hp x (#XBXXé (#(#    (#(#0WGCz hG p @X@E7 /7}XéX1WGCz h x p @X@E7x `7XXé   ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XB  E.` hp x  #X(#EXéXԄ  7  ڄ     ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XBXéXXéXXXé   #       #       ~ ;)..      `X`X`  XéXXéXXXéB.` hp x (#XBXXé (#(#    (#(#5WGCz hG p @X@E7 /7}XéX6WGCz h x p @X@E7x `7XXé   ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XB  E.` hp x  #X(#EXéXԄ  8  ڄ     ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XBXéXXéXXXé   #       #        ;)..      `X`X`  XéXXéXXXéB.` hp x (#XBXXéE.` hp x (#X(#E (#(#    (#(#:WGCz hG p @X@E7 /7}XéX;WGCz h x p @X@E7x `7XXé   ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XB  E.` hp x  #X(#EXéXԄ  9  ڄ     ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XBXéXXéXXXé   #       #        ;)..      `X`X`  XéXXéXXXéB.` hp x (#XBXXéE.` hp x (#X(#E (#(#    (#(#?WGCz hG p @X@E7 /7}XéX@WGCz h x p @X@E7x `7XXé   ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XB  E.` hp x  #X(#EXéXԄ  9  ڄ     ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XBXéXXéXXXé          ;)..      `X`X`  XéXXéXXXéB.` hp x (#XBXXéE.` hp x (#X(#E (#(#    (#(#DWGCz hG p @X@E7 /7}XéXEWGCz h x p @X@E7x `7XXé   ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XB  E.` hp x  #X(#EXéXԄ  10  ڄ     ;"..      `X`X`  B.` hp x (#XBXéXXéXXXé     'Single1 d($     1      X  ^~k!..      `X`X`  __B.` hp x (#XB          25^  ,ԀjInourview,thetestimonyofMr.Mitchellcanbereconciledwiththephysicalevidence.Forexample,ifthe  jugscontainedkeroseneatsomepointandwerelaterusedforgasoline,asmallportionofkerosenecouldbepresentin o thebottomofthejug.#jާ#݌ .~ Ќ    e       ("  Z6Times New Roman Regular (CEKQW]cioAutoList2A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A. J    /NA. j_    `h`X1#`XéX,`+#`X`Xéj`Attrial,itwasrevealedthatthejugsfoundinthetrunkofRandyscarcontainedasmallportionofliquid,  whichwasfoundtobeanaccelerantinthekerosenerangesuchaskerosene,fueloil#jXéXjq#ԀjXjXénumberone,somebrandsof o charcoalstarter,andsomeaviationfuel.#`jސ##`XéX`ޭ#}-s  . 8)..      `X`X`  _B.` hp x (#XBr  r(2p$ ^~k!..      `X`X`  éX  0  )Hairline d#|x(r~k$..      `X`X`HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6,,,,0(uH Z6Times New Roman RegularPH,rtyBarU 1      C(nN Z(Times New Roman (5hCEKQW]cioAutoList1I.I.I.I.I.I.I.I.kI.3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)mi)(;3$2#  0  .3  0   #      - - a#`F`Xd# q        )  ;"..      `X`X`  _B.` hp x (#XBXéX~XéXXXé   1      $*`0Baskerville Old Face #       1      * ^~k!..      `X`X`  _         0p x (#X0^ej^e^er y=|#y=##(zi#7 py= !y= "y= #')y=-.y=2y=3y=7y=8y=<y==y= ABFI#LK 3OXvQhhj{j^eINTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  Qgg$ATNASHVILLEj^ej{Ԉ    H.` hp x (#X(#HMarch13,2002Session > jXéXj^ej^eXjXé RANDYCALDWELL&STEVIEW.CALDWELLv.STATEOF 0 TENNESSEE򀀀jXéXj^e   <  DirectAppealfromtheCriminalCourtforWhiteCounty  . No.951FCharlesD._Haston_,Sr.,Judge   ̀-  jXjXéj  cSO~ K p X@Ev K Vv K-  XéX XéXXXéjXéXXXéNo.M200100334CCAR3PC#XéXXjXé9#ԀFiledDecember4,_2002_ k  -  XXé  aQM~ K p @X@E7 K V7 K-  XéX    jXéXXXéThepetitioners,brothers,weretriedandconvicted,jointly,offirstdegreemurder,aggravated ,| arson,andconspiracytocommitarsonagainstpersonalproperty.Theyfiledpetitionsforpost b convictionrelief,whichthepostconvictioncourtdenied.Aftercarefulreview,weaffirmthe H decisionofthepostconvictioncourt. .   Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentoftheCriminalCourtAffirmed     JohnEverettWilliams,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichJoeG.Rileyand v ThomasT._Woodall_,JJ.,joined. \ HarveyDouglasThomas,_Algood_,Tennessee,fortheappellant,RandyW.Caldwell. (x CynthiaF._Burnes_,Nashville,Tennessee,fortheappellant,StevieW.Caldwell. D MichaelE.Moore,SolicitorGeneral;DavidH._Findley_,AssistantAttorneyGeneral;William  EdwardGibson,DistrictAttorneyGeneral;andBenjaminW._Fann_ԀandAnthonyJ._Craighead_,    DistrictAttorneysGeneral,fortheappellee,StateofTennessee. !!   OPINION  >$$     Thepetitioners,StevieCaldwellandRandyCaldwell,weretriedtogetherandconvicted  &Z!& byajuryoffirstdegreemurder,aggravatedarson,andconspiracytocommitarsonagainst &@"' personalproperty.Bothweresentencedtolifeinprisonforthefirstdegreemurderconvictions, '&#( nineteenyearsfortheaggravatedarsonconvictions,andsixmonthsfortheconspiracytocommit ( $) arsonagainstpersonalpropertyconvictions,tobeservedconcurrently.Ondirectappeal,this )$* Courtaffirmedthepetitionersconvictionsandsentences.SeeStatev.Caldwell,977S.W.2d *%+ 110(Tenn._Crim_.App.1997). n+&,   T,'- r r8`é`XXdd8q   r  _ XOnOctober12,1998,RandyCaldwellfiledapetitionforpostconvictionrelief,andon   November9,1998,StevieCaldwellalsofiledapetitionforpostconvictionrelief.Thereafter,  StevieCaldwellfiledtwoamendedpetitionsforpostconvictionrelief.Followinganevidentiary | hearing,thetrialcourtdeniedbothpetitionersrequestsforrelief.Inthisconsolidatedappeal b fromthetrialcourtsdenialoftheirpetitionsforpost-convictionrelief,thepetitionersraisethe H followingissues: . ~  X! ,X(#! X X0 4  1.044 4 Whetherthepostconvictioncourtenteredproperfindingsoffacttopermit  d appellatereviewofthedenialofStevieCaldwellspostconvictionpetition, J4 4  Ѐ2.0 4 Whetherthepetitionersweredeniedtheirconstitutionalrighttobepresent  0 duringjuryselection,  4 4  0 4  3.Whethertherewasaconflictofinterestaffectingthedistrictattorneyandthe    assistantsintheThirteenthJudicialDistrictregardingRandyCaldwell, 4 4  0 4  4.044 4 Whetherthepetitionerswereaffordedeffectiveassistanceofcounsel x  regardingalibiwitnesses,analternatetheoryofthevictimsdeath,production ^  ordiscoveryofadditionalexculpatoryevidence,andthepetitionersalleged D  intoxicationduringthetrial,*z 4 4  0 4  5.044 4 WhetherRandyCaldwellstrialcounselwasineffectiveforfailingtofilea ` motiontosuppressevidence,andF4 4  6.WhetherStevieCaldwellspostconvictioncounselwasineffective. , % X(#,% X X k(5h83m   @ 0 @` "o3"  o3 25h  I  .3  0@ ` (#` (#  ݀Background o3 9݌  Ќ      Inthedirectappealofpetitionersconvictions,thisCourtsummarizedthefactsas t follows: Z  X X XB+ ` hp x X(#BLutherGist,aresidentofGumSpringsMountaininWhiteCounty,diedin @ theearlymorninghoursofDecember8,1994,afterhishomeliterallyburnedto &v theground.Thedefendants,brothersRandyandStevieCaldwell,alongwiththeir  \ cousin,LesterCunningham,werearrestedinconnectionwiththefire. B Cunningham,whowassixteenyearsoldatthetimeofthetrial,decidedtotestify ( againsthiscousinsinexchangeforthechargesbeingdroppedagainsthim.   X X XE.` hp x (#X E X X XB+ ` hp x X(#BPriortotrial,Cunningham,whowasalsoknownas Bossor BossHog,   hadmadeseveralconflictingstatementsabouthisroleandtheroleofthe p!  Caldwellsinthedeathofthevictim.Whenhewasinitiallyquestionedbythe V"! police,CunninghamstatedthatonthenightofthefirehehadbeenatRandy <#" Caldwellshouseallnight.Then,afterextensiveinterrogation,Cunningham "$r# statedthathewaswiththeCaldwellsonthenightofthefireandthatStevie %X $ Caldwellhadburnedthehouse.Cunninghamsstatementwascapturedonvideo %>!% tapeandheretracedtheentireeveningontape.ThefollowingJanuary,however, &$"& Cunninghammetwiththedefendantsattorneysandagainsaidthatheandthe ' #' Caldwellshadbeenfightingchickensonthenightofthefireandthattheydidnot (#( leavethehouse.Thisstatementwastaperecorded,andthetapewasplayedforthe )$) juryatthedefendantstrial.Ontape,Cunninghamtoldthedefenseattorneysthat l*%*  hisearlierstatementinwhichheimplicatedtheCaldwellshadbeenaresultof R+&+  y=        pressurehereceivedwhilebeingquestionedbythepolice.Hesaidthepolicetold  himwhattosayandhethenrepeateditonthetape.   X X XE.` hp x (#X E X X XB+ ` hp x X(#BAttrial,Cunninghamreturnedtotheversioninwhichheadmittedthathe b andtheCaldwellshadbeentheonestosetthefire.Hetestifiedthatonthe H eveningofDecember7,1994,heandtheCaldwellbrotherswereplanningto . ~ fightchickenswhentheydiscoveredtheyneededsometapeinordertotapethe  d spursonthechickens.ThethreeofthemthenwenttoBainsGrocerytopurchase  J thetape.Sometimeafter10:00p.m.,theyreturnedtoRandyCaldwellshouseto  0 fightthechickens.LesterBain,ownerofthegrocery,confirmedthatthethreeof    themhadcomebyhisstoreshortlyafter10:00p.m.Uponreturningtothehouse,    thethreebegantofightthechickens.Cunninghamtestifiedthatonechickengot   away,leavingthemunabletocontinuethefight.Cunninghamfurthertestifiedthat x  theythendecidedtofindanotherchicken.Theydecidedtogotothevictims ^  housebecausehewasthoughttohavesomechickensthatbelongedtothe D  defendants.Cunninghamtestifiedthattheyhadarrivedatthevictimshouse *z  around11:15p.m.AccordingtoCunningham,RandyCaldwellparkedhis ` OldsmobileCutlassuptheroadfromthevictimshouseratherthaninhis F driveway.Hetestifiedthatthereasonforthiswasthatthethreesomewasafraid , thevictimmightshootthemforbeingathishouseatsuchalatehour.  Cunninghamtestifiedthatheandthedefendantshadwalkedtowardsomehay  balesinthevictimsyardhopingtofindsomechickens.Whentheywereunable  todoso,Cunninghamtestifiedthattheyhadthendiscussedburningsomeofthe t haybalesasajoketoscarethevictim.Hefurthertestifiedthatthedefendants Z thendecidedtoburnthehouseratherthanthehay. @  X XE.` hp x (#X E &v  X XB+ ` hp x X(#BCunninghamtestifiedthatRandyCaldwellgaveStevieCaldwellsome  \ waddeduppaper.StevieCaldwellputsomehayintothepaper;thenheand B CunninghamwaitedwhileRandyCaldwellwentbacktohiscartogetaplastic ( jugwhichcontainedgasoline.CunninghamtestifiedthatafterStevieCaldwell  pouredgasolineonthebundleofhayandpaper,RandyCaldwellreturnedtothe  car.StevieCaldwellthenapproachedthehousewithCunninghamrightbehind   him.StevieCaldwellthenputthebundleinawindowonthefarendofthehouse p!  andlitthebundlewithalighterheproducedfromhispocket.Cunningham V"! testifiedthatoncetheysawflamestheyranbacktothehaybalesandultimately <#" backtothecar.Hefurthertestifiedthatthethreesomethendrovedowntheroad "$r# andparkedinafieldsothattheycouldseeifthehousecaughtonfire. %X $  X XE.` hp x (#X E %>!%  X XB+ ` hp x X(#BCunninghamtestifiedthatheandStevieCaldwellthenapproachedthe &$"& houseonfootsothattheycouldgetabetterlookattheflames.Hetestifiedthat ' #' theyweresoclosetheycouldhearshotgunshellsexploding.RandyCaldwellthen (#( leftinhiscaranddrovebackdownthemountain.Cunninghamtestifiedthathe )$) andStevieCaldwellwerethenforcedtofeeltheirwaydownthemountainby l*%* goingthroughanearbywoodedarea.Hetestifiedthattheywouldonlygotento R+&+ twentyfeetbeforestoppingtorest.Heestimatedthatittookthemtwotothree 8,', |# | e $7 |  hourstogettothebottomofthemountain.Hetestifiedthatwhilemakingthetrek  throughthewoods,StevieCaldwellthreatenedtokillhimifhesaidanything  aboutthefire.CunninghamtestifiedthatwhenheandStevieCaldwellreached | thebottomofthemountain,theywenttoLinvilleRobertshouseinordertouse b herphone.HetestifiedthattheyhadtoldRobertstheyhadrunoutofgasand H neededtocallRandyCaldwelltocomegetthem.CunninghamandStevie . ~ CaldwelleventuallyreturnedtoRandyCaldwellshouselaterthatmorning.The  d policefoundallthreeatRandyCaldwellshouseandtooktheminfor  J questioning.  0  X XE.` hp x (#X E     X XB+ ` hp x X(#BThethreewerequestionedseparately,andCunninghamoriginallytoldthe    policethathedidnotknowanythingaboutthefire.Hetestifiedthatpriorto   beingseparatedfromthedefendants,theyhadtoldhimnottosayanythingtothe x  police.Thus,inhisfirststatementtothepolice,hedeniedhavinganyknowledge ^  aboutthefire.However,Cunninghamtestifiedthatwhenhelearnedthathis D  punishmentwouldbethesameasthedefendantspunishment,hedecidedtotell *z  thetruthbecausehe aintdonenothingtogetthat.Hetestifiedthatatthetime ` headmittedthatheandthedefendantshadbeentheonestosetthefire,no F promiseshadbeenmadetohimaboutthechargesagainsthimbeingdropped. ,  X XE.` hp x (#X E   X XB+ ` hp x X(#BInJanuary,themonthafterthefire,Cunninghamgaveadifferent  statementtothedefendantsattorneys.Thestatementwastakenatthehomeof  LindaGailCaldwell,sisterofthedefendants,whileCunninghamwasontherun t afterescapingfromthegrouphomewherehehadbeenplaced.Inthisstatement, Z heagaindeniedhavinganyknowledgeofthefireandsaidthatheandthe @ defendantshadbeenatRandyCaldwellshouseallnight.Attrial,Cunningham &v explainedthatmostofthisstatementwasalie.Hetestifiedthathewastoldtosay  \ his confessionhadbeen hassledoutofhim.Hesaidthedefendantshad B thoughtthatiftheyhadbeenhassledatthejail,they couldgetoutof[the ( charges].   X XE.` hp x (#X E   X XB+ ` hp x X(#BInthemonthsbeforethetrial,Cunningham,whowasinstatecustody,   wrotelettersandmadephonecallstoSueCaldwell,motherofthedefendants.In p!  theseletters,heexpressedhisdesiretogetthefamilytogetherandhowmuchhe V"! missedthefamily.Inoneletter,heagaintoldthestorythatonthenightofthe <#" fire,heandthedefendantshadstayedatRandyCaldwellshouseallnighttofight "$r# chickens.DuringthephonecallstoMs.Caldwell,Cunninghamalsosaidthathe %X $ andthedefendantshadnothingtodowiththefire.Attrial,Cunninghamtestified %>!% thathehadsaidandwrittenthosethingsatatimewhenhedidnotplantotestify &$"& againstthedefendants.Sincethattime,however,hedeterminedthatitwasinhis ' #' bestintereststosimplytellthetruth.Hetestifiedthattheversionofeventshetold (#( thejurywasinfactthetruth. )$)  X XE.` hp x (#X E l*%*  X XB+ ` hp x X(#BAttrial,theStateofferedthetestimonyofseveralwitnessesinorderto R+&+ corroborateCunninghamsstory.LinvilleRoberts,thewomanwhosephone 8,',8 y=  e    CunninghamsaidheandStevieCaldwellusedonthemorningofthefire,testified  thatthetwocametoherhousearound3:00a.m.Shetestifiedthatsheliveddown  themountainfromthevictimshouse.Shefurthertestifiedthatbythewayofthe | road,itwouldtakeonlytenorfifteenminutestowalkfromherhousetothe b victimshouse.RobertstestifiedthatStevieCaldwellhadsaidsomethingabout H beingoutofgasandthathehadusedherphone.ShetestifiedthatStevieCaldwell . ~ andCunninghamhadleftherhouseataboutdaylight.Shesaidtheysimply  d walkedaway.Robertsalsotestifiedthatthevictimshousewasmorethanseventy  J yearsold,thatithadnorunningwater,andthatitwasheatedwithwood.  0  X XE.` hp x (#X E     X XB+ ` hp x X(#BThomasK.Austin,chiefofWhiteCountyRescueSquad,testifiedthathe    hadseenthefirebetween1:45a.m.and2:00a.m.Hetestifiedthatfiretrucks   arrivedshortlythereafter,butthatthehousewasalreadyfullyinvolved.He x  testifiedthatthehouseliterallyburnedtotheground,withonlythechimneystill ^  intact.Austinfurthertestifiedthatthevictimwasfoundleaningagainstthebase D  ofthechimneyinasittingposition;hewasburnedbeyondrecognition.The *z  medicalexaminersreportrevealedthatthevictimdiedofsmokeinhalation. `  X XE.` hp x (#X E F  X XB+ ` hp x X(#BGuyGoff,thechiefcriminalinvestigatorforWhiteCountyatthattime, , testifiedthathespokewithStevieCaldwellthemorningfollowingthefire.He  testifiedthatStevieCaldwellhadtoldhimthatheheardaboutthefirefroma  relativeandthatheandRandyCaldwellwenttoseethefirearound3:30a.m.  However,GofftestifiedthatotherwitnessesatthefirehadseenSteviearound t 6:00a.m.ratherthan3:30a.m.GofftestifiedthathedidnotknowwhetherStevie Z Caldwellcouldtelltimeornot.GofffurthertestifiedthatStevieCaldwellsaidhe @ hadnotrunoutofgasnorhadhebeenwalkinganywherelately.Goffalso &v testifiedthatasearchofRandyCaldwellscarhadrevealedtwoplasticgallon  \ jugswithasmallportionofliquidwhichappearedtobeflammable.Areport B fromtheTBICrimeUnitrevealedthatthejugscontainedanaccelerantinthe ( kerosenerangesuchaskerosene,fueloilnumberone,somebrandsofcharcoal  starter,andsomeaviationfuel.TerryHembree,acriminalinvestigatorwiththe  districtattorneysoffice,testifiedthathehadsearchedStevieCaldwellthe   morningafterthefireandfoundapinkcigarettelighterinhispocket,buthe p!  foundnocigarettes. V"!  <#" B+ ` hp x X B  EdwardBain,wholivedaboutamilefromthevictim,testifiedthatinthe "$r# earlymorningofDecember8,heheardacardrivingveryfastdownthe %X $ mountain.Hetestifiedthataround1:50a.m.,acarwithwhatsoundedlikealoud %>!% mufflercamedownfromthedeadendroad.Hedidnotactuallyseethecar. &$"& NormanRoberts,whoalsolivednearthevictim,alsotestifiedthatheheardaloud ' #' caratabout2:15am.Hetestifiedthatitsoundedlikeacarwithaglasspack (#( muffler.HealsotestifiedthathehadheardRandyCaldwellscarearlierthatday )$) andthatthecarthatpassedat2:15a.m.soundedlikeRandyCaldwellscar. l*%* However,Robertsdidnotactuallyseethecar. R+&+  X XE.` hp x (#X E 8,', #   *$o   X XB+ ` hp x X(#BJamesKennethRobinson,asupervisorwithWhiteCountyCentral  Maintenance,testifiedthathehadexaminedRandyCaldwellscarand  determinedthatithadaglasspackorcherrybombmuffler.Hefurthertestified | thatsuchamufflerwouldmakeadistinctive,loudroaringorpoppingsound. b However,hetestifiedthathedidnotactuallystartRandyCaldwellscarand H listentoitsmuffler.HealsonotedthattheexhaustsystemonRandyCaldwells . ~ carisfairlycommon.  d   J  X X XE.` hp x (#X EThedefendantsofferednoproof.  0 [   Statev.Caldwell,977S.W.2d110,11315(Tenn.Crim.App.1997).     b       II.Post-ConvictionHearing   Ѐ cc XHiltonConger,trialcounselforStevieCaldwell,andChrisCantrell,trialcounselfor ^  RandyCaldwell,bothtestifiedatthepostconvictionhearing.Steviesattorneytestifiedthathe D  andRandysattorneyworkedtogetheronthepetitionersdefense.Hehasbeenpracticinglaw *z  since1972andapproximatelyhalfofhispracticeiscriminaldefensework.Priortotrial, ` Steviesattorneyconferredwithbothpetitioners,petitionersfamily,andRandysattorneyon F numerousoccasions.AccordingtoSteviesattorney,theyinvestigatedthecasebyinterviewing , witnessesidentifiedbythepetitionersandtheState,butdidnotconductanindependent  investigationtodiscoverotherwitnesses.SteviesattorneydidnotrecallinterviewingKelcy  Butler,TimmyYoung,DebbieYoung,orEugeneMitchell,andhadnoindependentrecollection  ofbeinginformedpriortotrialthattheywerepotentialwitnesses.Steviesattorneydidrecall t interviewingthewives,parents,andcousinofbothpetitioners.Healsorecalledinterviewing Z LinvilleRoberts,awitnessfortheState,butvaguelyrecalledhearingthenameTimmyDildine. @ HebelievedthatheandRandysattorneyhadbeenunabletoverifyDildinesstatement. &v   \ AccordingtoSteviesattorney,thefocusoftheirdefensewasthattheboyshadanalibi B andthatLesterCunninghamwasnotcredible.Tothatend,thetwodefenseattorneysaudio ( tapedaninterviewofCunninghamduringwhichCunninghamrecantedhisstatementtopolice  andclaimedthathewasactuallyathomewiththepetitionersatthetimeofthefire.Theyalso  conductedamocktrialwithalloftheintendedalibiwitnesses,whichincludedthewivesand   parents.However,thedefenseattorneysdidnotputonanyproofattheactualtrial.The p!  decisionnottoputonanyproofwasbasedonbothattorneysopinionthatCunningham,thekey V"! witnessfortheState,hadbeensuccessfullyimpeached. <#"  X XӀSteviesattorneyopinedthat,ifthejurybelievedCunninghamafterhehadbeen %X $ impeachedwithnumerouspriorinconsistentstatements,therewasnothingthatanyotherwitness %>!% couldsaythatwouldchangethejurysmind.Inaddition,bothRandyandStevieCaldwellwere &$"& adamantlyopposedtotestifying.Steviesattorney#XéXXjXé #jXéXXXéԀacknowledgedthatallofthealibiwitnesses ' #' werebelievable,yet#XéXXjXéEo#jXéXXXé,noneofthemwouldhavebeenverygoodwitnesses.Healsorecalledthat (#( someofthewitnessescouldnotestablishanalibiforthetimewhenthefireactuallyoccurred. )$) Specifically,hebelievedthatthepetitionersfathercouldonlyaccountfortheboys l*%* whereaboutsat10:00p.m. R+&+  X 8,',8 OXv O  /*o O  XWithrespecttotheallegationthatthepetitionerswerenotpresentduringvoirdire,  Steviesattorney#XéXXjXéo#jXéXXXéԀtestifiedthatthepetitionerswereeitherinthecourtroomorwitheitherattorney  atalltimesduringthetrial.HealsotestifiedthattherewasnoindicationtohimthatStevie | Caldwellwasundertheinfluenceofalcoholormedicationduringthetrial,butaddedthatitwas b averylongtrial. H  X XChrisCantrelltestifiedthatherepresentedRandyCaldwellattrialandagreedboth  d defenseattorneysworkedtogether.Hestatedthathespentatleasthalfofhistimepracticing  J criminaldefense.Steviesattorney#XéXXjXér#jXéXXXéԀdidnotrecallKelcyButler,EugeneMitchellorDebbie  0 Young.HerecalledthattherewasaTimmy,butcouldnotrememberifitwasYoungorDildine.    Hedidrememberthatwhoeveritwasdidnotmentionanythingaboutabadrelationshipbetween    thevictimandWayneCunningham.Bothattorneysagreedthattheyspokeatlengthwiththe   petitionerswives,parents,andsisteronnumerousoccasionsinpreparationforthetrial.After x  themocktrialwiththepotentialalibiwitnesses,Randysattorney#XéXXjXéu#jXéXXXéԀtestifiedthatthereappearedto ^  bethreewitnessesthatcouldhavebeenusefultothedefense:JuniorCaldwell,Bridgett D  Caldwell,andGayleCaldwell.JuniorCaldwell,thepetitionersfather,couldtestifytothe *z  petitionersactivitiesearlierinthenight,placingthepetitionershomeaboutanhourbeforethe ` fire.BridgettandGayle,thepetitionerswives,couldtestifythattheywereinbedwiththemall F night.However,Randysattorney#XéXXjXéPx#jXéXXXéԀopinedthateventhoughneitherwasaverygoodwitness, , Bridgettwasthebetterofthetwo.Heexplainedthatbothwerecredibleandbelievable,but  Gaylewaseasilyconfusedandhaddifficultykeepingtimesstraight.Healsorecalledthat,prior  totrial,itappearedpossible,ifnotlikely,thatLesterCunningham,theStateskeywitness,  wouldbetestifyingforthedefensebasedonthestatementshemadeasthetrialneared. t However,theywerepreparedtoimpeachhistestimonyshouldhedecidetotestifyfortheState. Z  X XAfterthecloseoftheStatesproof,bothattorneysfeltthatthecasehadgoneaswellfor &v thedefenseandasbadfortheStateastheycouldhaveimagined.Theyrecalledthatboth  \ petitionerswereadamantlyopposedtotakingthestandandthattheonlydecisionwaswhetheror B nottopresentthewivestestimony.Theconsensusofbothattorneyswasnottoputonany ( witnesses.   X XBridgettCaldwell,StevieCaldwellsexwife,testifiedthatsheandSteviewereliving   withRandyandGayleCaldwellatthetimeofthevictimsdeath.Sherecalledparticipatingina p!  mocktrialwiththepetitionerstrialattorneyspriortothetrial.Atthemocktrial,Bridgett V"! verifiedthatthepetitionersandLesterCunninghamwerehomeallnight,exceptforafifteen <#" minuteperiodoftime.Duringtheirfifteenminuteabsence,thethreemenreportedlywenttothe "$r# grocerystoretopurchasetape.Inaddition,Bridgettstatedthatthefamilylearnedaboutthefire %X $ at6:00a.m.whenthepetitionerssister,LindaCaldwell,telephonedtheirhometotellthem %>!% aboutit.Atthepostconvictionhearing,Bridgetttestifiedthatshewaspreparedtotestifyattrial &$"& totheaforementioned,butwasnevercalledbythedefenseattorneys. ' #'  (#( BridgettacknowledgedthatshedivorcedStevieCaldwellafterhewasconvictedofthe )$) instantcrimes.SheindicatedthatshewascurrentlydatingandplannedtomarryTimmy l*%* Dildine.BridgettadmittedthatsheknewthatDildinewasalsoplanningtotestifyforthe R+&+ petitionersatthehearing.ShedidnotknowifDildineandStevieCaldwellgotalong,but 8,', #(   4/o   admittedthatStevieCaldwellhadconfrontedheraboutTimmyDildineallegedlyspankinghis  andBridgettschild.Shealsoadmittedthatshetoldthedistrictattorneysofficeadifferent  storythantheaforementionedversionsherelatedtothedefenseattorneys.Accordingto | Bridgett,thepetitionerswerenotreallyathomeonthenightofthefire,andsheonlyagreedto b testifythattheywerebecausethefamilyputpressureonher.However,sinceherdivorcefrom H Stevie,shefeltnopressuretocontinuelyingaboutwhathadhappened.Bridgettadmittedthat, . ~ priortothepostconvictionhearing,shespokewiththepetitionerspostconvictioncounselover  d thetelephoneandrelatedthesameversiontohimthatshehadgivenatthemocktrial.She  J explainedthatshedidnotwantthepetitionerstoknowwhatwasgoingon,soshegavediffering  0 versionstotheStateanddefense.        AccordingtoBridgett,thetruestoryisthatbothpetitionersandLesterCunninghamleft   theirhomeatdark,andCunninghamgrabbedagunbeforeheleft.Later,Bridgettreceiveda x  telephonecallfromthepetitionersmother,whoinformedBridgettthatsheheardaboutthefire ^  onherpolicescanner.AlthoughBridgettwasunabletoremembertheexacttime,sheclaimed D  thatSteviecalledherlaterthatmorningfromLinvilleRobertshouse.Shespokewithboth *z  StevieandLinvilleonthetelephone.AccordingtoBridgett,whenSteviereturnedhomearound ` 5:00or6:00a.m.,hetoldhertheyhadaccidentlyburnedthevictimshousedown. F  , G l<` EugeneMitchell,RandyCaldwellsfatherinlaw,testifiedatthepostconvictionhearing  thathealsospentthenightatthepetitionershomeonthenightofthefire.Heexplainedthathe  frequentlystayedtherewhenhevisitedhisdaughter.Althoughhewasnotquestionedpriorto  trialbyeitherofthepetitionerstrialcounsel,Mr.Mitchellwouldhavetestifiedattrialhadhe t beencalledasawitness.AccordingtoMr.Mitchell,thesubstanceofhistestimonywouldhave Z beenthatthepetitionerswereathomeallnightthatnight,exceptfortenminutes.The @ petitionersfoughtchickensattheirresidenceuntilmidnight,onlyleavingtogotothestorefor &v tenminutesbetween9:00and10:00p.m.Inaddition,Mr.Mitchellclaimedthatheranoutof  \ gasolinetwoorthreeweekspriortothefire,andRandyCaldwellbroughthimthreejugsof B gasolinetoputinhisvan.Mr.MitchellreturnedtheemptyjugstoRandyonthenightofthe ( fire.HeplacedtwooftheminthetrunkofRandyscarandsetonebesidethehouseintheyard.  Oncrossexamination,headmittedthathisvanhasagasolineengineand,tohisknowledge,#XéXXjXéz#jXéXXXé  doesnotrunonkerosene.R H  1      ׀TheStaterequestedthatMr.Mitchellstestimonybedisregarded   pursuanttothe physicalfactrule,whichappliestotestimonythatisirreconcilablewith p!  physicalevidence.  eall  J H  2      ׀ V"!  <#" GayleCaldwell,RandyCaldwellswife,testifiedthatsheandRandywereattheirhome "$r# onthenightofthefire.StevieandBridgettCaldwell,LesterCunningham,andEugeneMitchell %X $ werealsothere.Atsomepoint,thepetitionersandCunninghamwenttoBainsStoretobuy %>!% z    94o>9o   tape.Aftertheyreturnedfromthestore,Randy,Stevie,andCunninghamstayedatthe  Caldwellsresidencetherestofthenight.AccordingtoGayle,thethreeofthemcameinside  aroundmidnightafterfightingchickensintheyard.Everyonewatched FamilyMatterson | televisionuntil12:30a.m.andthenwenttobed.Gayleshusband,Randy,wenttobedwithher b andtheirinfantson,andSteviewentintothebedroomwithhiswife,Bridgett.Cunningham H sleptinthelivingroom.Around2:00a.m.,JuniorCaldwellandJuniorEmertonwokeGayleand . ~ Randybyknockingontheirbedroomwindow.Randylettheminthehouse,andtheyaskedif  d anyonehadseentheircoondogs.Theyleftafterfiveortenminutes,andGayleandRandy  J returnedtobed.GayledidnotactuallyseeCunninghamorStevieat2:00a.m.,butbelievedthat  0 SteviealsogotoutofbedwhilehisfatherandJuniorEmertonwerethere.        Around6:00a.m.,thepetitionerssistercalledandinformedthemthattherehadbeena   fireatthevictimshome.Gaylerecalledthatthepetitioners,Cunningham,Bridgett,andGayles x  fatherwereallpresentatthattime.Afewdaysafterthefire,GaylewasinthecarwithStevie ^  CaldwellwhenWayneCunningham,LesterCunninghamsfather,blockedtheroadwithhiscar. D  AccordingtoGayle,WaynetoldSteviethathewouldkillhimifhesaidanythingaboutthe *z  victim.Gayleattendedthepetitionersjurytrialandwaspreparedtotestifyasanalibiwitness. ` SherecalledbeingpresentaftertheStatecloseditsproofandclaimedthatthetrialattorneys F madethedecisionnottocallanywitnesses.Oncrossexamination,Gayleadmittedthatshedid , notseeStevieorCunninghamaftertheywenttobedaround12:30a.m.untilafter6:00a.m.the  nextmorning.However,shedidseeRandy,whowasinbedwithher.Gaylealsotestifiedthat  Randyscardidnotmakealoudernoisethananyothercar.   t William JuniorCaldwell,thepetitionersfather,testifiedthathewasatthepetitioners Z homearound10:00p.m.onthenightofthefire.Herecalledthetimebecausethepetitioners @ werefightingchickensandaskedhimfortapetotapethechickensspurs.Headvisedthemthat &v Bainsstoremightstillbeopen.Heandhishuntingpartner,JuniorEmerton,continuedtolook  \ fortheircoondogsandstoppedbackatthepetitionershomeat2:10a.m.JuniorCaldwell B noticedtheexacttimeonthebedroomwallclockafterJuniorEmertontoldhimthatheneededto ( gohomebecausehehadtogotoworklaterthatmorning.JuniorCaldwelltestifiedthathe  knockedonRandysbedroomwindowandthenenteredthehousethroughthebackdoortothe  bedroom.HeobservedRandy,Gayle,andtheirbabyinthebedroom.Healsoindicatedthat   StevieandBridgettwereintheirroom,andhebelievedthatCunninghamandEugeneMitchell p!  wereinthelivingroom.Althoughhewasnotcertain,hebelievedthatMr.Mitchellgotuptogo V"! tothebathroomwhilehewasthere. <#"  X XJuniorCaldwellwaspresentduringameetingwiththetrialattorneysaftertheState %X $ closeditsproof.HerecalledthatSteviesattorneysaid, Theyaintlaidagloveonusyet,boys. %>!% Youaintgotnothingtoworryabout.Juniorindicatedthathewantedtotestifyandtoldthe &$"& attorneystheywerewrongfornotcallinganywitnesses.AccordingtoJunior,GayleCaldwell ' #' wouldbewrongifshetestifiedthatnoonesaidanythingwhentheattorneysdecidednottoput (#( onproof. )$)  X XSueCaldwell,thepetitionersmother,testifiedthatsherecalledthedayfollowingthefire R+&+ becausepoliceinvestigatorscametoherhouseandinquiredaboutStevie.Sheinformedthem 8,', i#7  i n C>o i  thatSteviewasatRandyshouse.Thereafter,oneoftheinvestigatorsdroveStevie,andthe  otherinvestigatordroveLesterCunninghamtothepolicestation.Randydrovehiscartohis  mothershouse,andsherodewithhimtothepolicestation.AccordingtoMs.Caldwell,oneof | themen,Mr.Goff,informedherthatshecouldnotdriveRandyscarhomeandrefusedtoassist b herinfindingaridehome.Therefore,shegotherexhusbandtoassistheringettinghertruck H fromherhome.Whenshereturnedtothejail,sheobservedpoliceofficerssearchingRandys . ~ car.Ms.CaldwelldidnotspeaktoeitherofhersonsatthejailbutdidspeakwithLester  d Cunningham,hernephew.ShetestifiedthatshegaveCunninghamapinklighterandthree  J cigarettes.However,uponfurtherquestioning,sheexplainedthatshewasnotallowedtohand  0 Cunninghamtheitemspersonally.Instead,shehandedthemtothejailadministrator,Rooster,    who,inturn,wastohandthemtoCunningham.Cunninghamwasintheholdingroomatthe    time,andshedidnotpersonallyobserveRoosterplacethelighterandcigarettesinto   Cunninghamshand.Oncrossexamination,Ms.Caldwelladmittedthatheraffidavitstatedthat x  CunninghamgaveStevieoneofthecigarettesandthelighterbutthatshedidnothavepersonal ^  knowledgeofthatassertion. D   X XMs.Caldwellalsorelatedaconversationshehadwiththevictimaweekbeforehisdeath. ` SheclaimedthatsheandJuniorCaldwellsawthevictimwhilelookingforoneofJuniorscoon F dogs.ThevictimtoldtheCaldwellsthatLinvilleRoberts,aStatewitnessattrial,hadrecently , toldthevictimthatheshouldbe tarredandfeatheredandrunoffthemountain.Ms.Caldwell  deniedanyknowledgeofherbrother,WayneCunningham,owingthevictimmoney.Oncross  examination,Ms.Caldwelladmittedtherewasatypographicalerrorinheraffidavit,which  reflectedthat,inAugustof1995,thevictimtoldherthatherbrotherowedhim$1,700.00.The t victimdiedinDecemberof1994. Z  X XMs.Caldwellwaspresentwiththerestofthefamilyatameetingafterthecloseofthe &v Statesproof.Oneofthetrialattorneyssaid, Theyaintlaidagloveonusyet.Thereisno  \ needinmeputtingnobodyonthewitnessstand.Ms.Caldwellclaimedthatshewasveryupset B aboutitandaskedtheattorneys, Whynot? (  X XTimmyDildinetestifiedthathealsolivesonGumSpringsMountain.Thedayofthe  victimsdeath,heoverheardaconversationbetweenthevictimandWayneCunningham,which   tookplaceatagrocerystoreonthemountain.AccordingtoDildine,thevictimtoldWaynethat p!  hewantedhismoneyorhewouldblowWaynesheadoff,andWaynerespondedthathewould V"! getthemoneyassoonashecould.Thereafter,thevictimagreedtogiveWayneafewmore <#" days.DildinetestifiedthatherelatedthisinformationtobothRandyandSteviestrialcounsel "$r# priortotrial.HeclaimedthatRandysattorneywrotedownhisstatement,andhesignedit. %X $ Dildinealsoassertedthathewaspresentforthemocktrialandwassurprisedwhenhewasnot %>!% calledasawitnessatthejurytrial.Heacknowledgedthatalthoughhewaspresently &$"& incarceratedfortheft,hedidnothaveacriminalrecordatthetimeofpetitionersjurytrial. ' #' AlthoughDildineispresentlyengagedtoBridgettCaldwell,Steviesformerwife,hedeniedany (#( hardfeelingsbetweenhimandStevie. )$)  X XOncrossexamination,Dildineacknowledgedthathegavetheaffidavitin1998,three R+&+ yearsafterthemurder.HedidnotknowwhotypeditbutadmittedthatStevieandRandywere 8,', py=  p n  p  kindoftellinghimabout[whattosay].Dildinefurtheradmittedthatpresently,fiveyears  afterthemurder,hecouldnotrememberwhetheranythinginhisaffidavitwasactuallysaidor  not. |  X XTimmyYoungtestifiedthathelivedonGumSpringsMountainandwasbestfriendswith H  XRandyCaldwellwhenhewasgrowingup.AccordingtoMr.Young,thevictimpulledapistol . ~ outandtoldWayneCunninghamhewasgoingtoshoothimifWaynedidnotpaybackthe  d moneyheowedthevictim.Thenextday,Wayneplacedapistolontopofhiscarandsaidthat  J hewouldkillthevictimbeforethevictimcouldkillhim.Mr.Youngrecalledthatbothincidents  0 tookplaceatthehomeofYoungsmother.Hecouldnotrecalltheexactdateoftheincidents    butestimatedthatitwastwoorthreeweeksbeforethevictimsdeath.Mr.Youngclaimedthat,    priortotrial,#XéXXjXé&#jXéXXXéԀheinformedRandysattorneyabouttheseincidents.Specifically,hetestifiedthat   RandysmomdrovehimtotheattorneysofficeinSmithville. x   XJuneSwindell,thecourtofficeratthetimeofthepetitionersjurytrial,testifiedthatshe D  waschargedwithisolatingLesterCunnninghamfromeveryoneelseduringthetrial.However, *z  Ms.SwindellobservedCunninghamyellingoutthewindowtohisfather,Wayne#XéXXjXé#jXéXXXé.Shealso ` heardhisfatheryellbacksomethingtotheeffectof donttell,or youshouldnttell. F Thereafter,sheremovedCunninghamfromthewindowwherehewassitting.Oncross , examination,Ms.SwindelltestifiedthatshedidnotbelievethatWaynecouldhavesaid tellthe  truth.WhenaskedifWaynecouldhavesaid donttellanylies,Ms.Swindellresponded,   Well,hecouldhave.   X XLindaGailYoung,thepetitionerssister,testifiedthatshewaspresentwhenhermother Z purchasedapinkcigarettelighterandacartonofcigarettesatUnclePetesstoreinLebanon. @ Ms.Youngdidnothavepersonalknowledgeofwhathermotherdidwiththelighter.Ms. &v Youngwaspresentatthepetitionersjurytrialandwaslistedasapotentialwitness.Afterthe  \ Statecloseditsproof,Ms.YoungremainedoutinthehallwithTimmyDildinewhiletherestof B thefamilydiscussedthecaseinaclosedroom. (  X XOllaJuneYoungtestifiedthatshelivedonGumSpringsMountainonthenightofthe  fire.Herhomewasthefirsthouseontheroadwherethevictimlived,andalltraffictothe   victimshomewouldhavepassedinfrontofherhome.Ms.Youngtestifiedthatshewasat p!  homeonthedayofthefireandeithersaworheardseveralofthepeoplewholivedontheroad V"! drivepastherhome.Ms.YoungtestifiedthatshewasfamiliarwiththesoundofRandyscarat <#" thattime.Sheneithersawnorheardthecarpassherhomeonthenightofthefire.Althoughshe "$r# wassleepingaftermidnightthatnight,sheclaimedthatthecarwouldhaveawakenedherhadit %X $ gonepastherhome.Ms.Youngwasneverinterviewedbythepetitionerstrialcounsel. %>!% However,shewaspresentinthecourtroomontheseconddayofthetrialtosupporthersister, &$"& thepetitionersmother. ' #'  X XStevieCaldwelltestifiedthathistrialcounselwasHiltonConger.Heoriginallywent )$) withhismotherandbrothertotheofficeofChrisCantrell,Randysattorney.However,Randys l*%* attorneyadvisedthemthathecouldnotrepresentbothpetitioners.Basedonhis R+&+ recommendation,StevieretainedConger,andRandyretainedCantrelltorepresentthemattrial. 8,',v !y=  ! H  !  Thereafter,Steviemetwithhisownattorneyonseveraloccasions.Steviespecificallyrecalled  providinghisattorneywithTimmyDildinesnameasapotentialwitness.Healsoclaimedhe  toldhis#XéXXjXé=#jXéXXXéԀattorneythatEugeneMitchellwasattheirhouseonthenightofthefire,andhisattorney | statedthathewouldbetalkingtothewitnessesatalaterdate.Randysattorney#XéXXjXé#jXéXXXéԀalsoinformed b Steviethatthedistrictattorneysofficehadnoevidencetoprovethatacrimewascommittedbut H thattheywantedtoconvictStevieofsomething.Therefore,thedistrictattorneysofficehad . ~ offeredadealforStevietopleadguiltytofightingchickensinexchangeforthedismissalofall  d othercharges.AccordingtoStevie,herefusedthedealbecause theydidnotcatch[him]  J fightingchickens.  0  X XStevietestifiedthat,priortotrial,#XéXXjXé#jXéXXXéԀhistrialcounselonlyinterviewedtwoStatewitnesses,    LinvilleRobertsandLesterCunningham.Hefurtherallegedthathewasnotpresentduringjury   selection.AccordingtoStevie,hewasnevernotifiedthatthejurywasbeingselected.Later,he x  askedhistrialcounselwhyhedidnotgetto pickhalfthejury.Histrialcounselallegedly ^  replied, Wepickedthejudge,theDistrictAttorneysofficepickedthejury.AftertheState D  closeditsproof,thetwopetitionersandtheirfamilymetwiththeirattorneys.Steviesattorney *z  toldthemthattheState aintlaidagloveonus;itisjustlikerollingthedice.Hefurther ` advisedthemthatitwasuptothejudgeandthejurytobelieveordisbelievetheirwitnesses. F Whenaskedifhewouldtestify,Stevierepliedthathewould.However,Randyansweredthat , hewouldrathernottestifybecausehewasnervous,butwouldtestifyiftheattorneysthoughthe  should.Finally,Steviesattorneyaskedwhattheywantedtodo,adding itislikerollingthe  dice.Steviereplied, Well,letsrollwithitandseewhathappens.Heexplainedthathe  meant letsputonourwitnessesandseewhathappens. t  X XWhenthepetitionersreturnedtothecourtroom,theattorneysmadeanargumentandsat @ backdown.AccordingtoStevie,hisattorneyinformedhimthatitwasoverandthatthejuryhad &v foundhimguilty.Atthispoint,hewasstillexpectinghisattorneytoputonproof.Hebegan  \ pokinghisattorneyandtryingtogethimtogetbackup.Hisattorneytoldhimto sitdownand B shutup. (  X XSteviealsotestifiedthatonthefirstdayofthetrial,heandRandydrankhalfapintof  liquorduringthelunchbreak.Theygottheliquorfromtheirsister,whohaditinhervan.Later,   Randystrialcounselaskedthepetitionersmotherifshehadanythingtogivethepetitionersfor p!  theirnerves.HismotherrespondedthatshehadabottleofValiumandhandedittoRandys V"! attorney.Apparently,Randy,inparticular,wasextremelynervousduringthetrial.Accordingto <#" Stevie,RandysattorneydispensedtheValiumtothemduringthetrial.Theyeachtookabout "$r# fivepills.Stevieclaimedthat,asaresultofthealcoholandValium,#XéXXjXé#jXéXXXéԀhewasunabletokeepup %X $ withwhatwasgoingonduringthefirstdayofthejurytrial.Steviealsomaintainedthathistrial %>!% counselshouldhaverequestedamentalevaluationofhimpriortotrial,becausehiscounselwas &$"& awarethatSteviewasonsocialsecuritydisabilityforamentaldefect. ' #'  X XOncrossexamination,Stevieacknowledgedthathehadbeentofivepsychiatrists,which )$) eventuallyledtohisdisabilitystatus.Hefurtheracknowledgedthathecouldnotreadorwrite l*%* andhaddifficultytellingtime.WithrespecttothetestimonyofBridgett,hisexwife,Stevie R+&+ claimedthatshewaslyingwhenshetestifiedthathewasnothomeonthenightofthefireand 8,', "y=  " H  "  thathehadcalledfromLinvilleRobertshouseandtoldherthathe,Randy,andCunninghamhad  accidentlyburneddownthevictimshouse.Headmittedthathepreviouslytoldpolicethathe  wenttoinvestigatethefireat3:30a.m.,buthemaintainedthathecouldnot tellgoodtimeand | thatitwasactuallyaround6:00.a.m.AccordingtoStevie,therewerestillfiretrucksandrescue b personnelblockingtheroadatthattime.However,areviewofthetrialtranscriptrevealsthata H neighbortestifiedthatthefiretrucksleftaround5:00a.m.Whenaskedhowheknewthevictim . ~ hadbeenkilledinthefire,Stevieclaimedthathissisterhearditonthepolicescannerandrelated  d ittohim.  J  X XRandyCaldwelltestifiedthathisreadingandwritingabilitieswerefair,but    acknowledgedthathewasalsoonsocialsecuritydisabilityforamentaldefect.Specifically,he    assertedthathewas offinthehead.Asaresult,Randywasverynervousduringthetrialand   didnotwanttotestify.HetestifiedthathismothermadethedecisiontohireRandysattorneyas x  histrialcounselandthatshepaidthelegalfees. ^   X XUponmeetingRandysattorneyatthejail,Randytoldhimthathewasnotguiltyand *z  providedCantrellwiththenamesofalibiwitnesses.EugeneMitchellandJuniorEmerton#XéXXjXé#jXéXXXéԀwere ` amongthosehenamed.Later,RandytoldhisattorneythatTimmyYoungandDebbieYoung F mightbeusefulwitnesses.AccordingtoRandy,hisattorneyinformedhimthatheintendedto , presentthetestimonyofhiswifeGayle,StevieswifeBridgett,andthepetitionersparents,  StevieandEugene.Hemetwithhisattorneyonseveraloccasionspriortothejurytrial.Randy  reiteratedSteviestestimonythatbothattorneystoldthemthatthedistrictattorneygottopick  #XéXXjXéx#jXéXXXéthejuryandthedefensegottopickthejudge.Randywasalsoundertheimpressionthat,based t onthemostrecentcommunicationsfromCunningham#XéXXjXé#jXéXXXé,LesterCunninghamwouldbetestifying Z forthedefenseattrial.However,Randywasawarethatbothattorneyswerepreparedto @ impeachCunninghamwithhispriorinconsistentstatementifhetestifiedfortheState.Randy &v believedthathisattorneywasalsoplanningtoputonalibiwitnessesanddidnotrealizethathe  \ wasnotgoingtocallanywitnesses,untilhisattorneyannouncedittothecourt.Accordingto B Randy,heneverassentedtothedecisionnotputonadefense,butdidmakethedecisionnotto ( personallytestify.    Randyalsoallegedhewasintoxicatedafterlunchonthefirstdayofthejurytrial.   However,RandycorrectedSteviestestimonythattheysplitahalfpintofliquor,claimingthatit p!  wasactuallyapintofliquor.Althoughheneverspecificallytoldhistrialcounselthathehad V"! consumedliquoratlunch,Randybelievedthathisattorneymusthavesmelleditonhisbreath. <#" Randyalsoclaimedthathisattorneyaskedhimhowhefeltateverybreakinthetrial.When "$r# Randyrespondedthathewasnervous,hisattorneywouldgivehimValium.TheValiumwere %X $ tenmilligramseach,andRandytookfiveafterlunchandthenacouplemoreateachbreak %>!% duringthetrial.AsaresultoftakingtheValium,Randy justsatoverthereminding[his]own &$"& business;didntknownothingthatwasgoingoninthecourt;didntreallycare.Atthe ' #' conclusionofthetrial,Randybelievedthetrialjudgetoldhimhecouldgohomewithhiswife, (#( whenheactuallysentencedhimtolifeinprison. )$)  l*%* Randysattorneyneverinformedthetrialjudgethatthepetitionerswereonmedication R+&+ oraskedRandywhetherhewasawareofwhatwasgoingonattrial.However,afterlearning 8,', =y= = H  =  thatthepetitionersbothreceivedsocialsecuritydisabilitychecksformentaldefects,theDistrict  AttorneyaskedRandyifheknewthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong.Randyrespondedthat  hedid,andtheDistrictAttorneysaid, Thatisgoodenoughforme. |  b Oncrossexamination,Randyclaimedthathedidnotknowthathewasontrialfor H murder,butbelievedthathewasactuallybeingtriedforfightingchickensbecausethatwasthe . ~ pleahewasoffered.Headmittedthathemadethedecisionnottotestifybecausehewas  d nervous,butmaintainedthatheneveragreednottoputonanyalibiwitnesses.  J   0  X   III.Analysis     ; X    Inordertoobtainpost-convictionrelief,apetitionermustallegethathisconvictionor   sentenceisvoidorvoidablebecauseofanabridgementofaconstitutionalright.Tenn.Code x  Ann.40-30-203(1997).Ifgrantedanevidentiaryhearing,thepetitionerhastheburdenof ^  provinghisallegationsbyclearandconvincingevidence.Id.40-30-210(f).Findingsoffact D  andconclusionsoflawmadebythepost-convictioncourtareaffordedtheweightofajury *z  verdictandmaynotbereweighedorre-evaluatedbythisCourt.Tidwellv.State,922S.W.2d ` 497,500(Tenn.1996);Blackv.State,794S.W.2d752,755(Tenn.Crim.App.1990). F Consequently,thisCourtisboundbythosefindingsunlesstheevidencecontainedintherecord , preponderatesotherwise.Statev.Burns,6S.W.3d453,461(Tenn.1999).    Apetitioner,allegingineffectiveassistanceofcounsel,mustprovetheallegationsoffact  underlyinghisclaimbyclearandconvincingevidence.Tenn.CodeAnn.40-30-210(f)(1997); t Fieldsv.State,40S.W.3d450,458(Tenn.2001).Inordertodeterminewhethercounsel Z providedeffectiveassistance,thisCourtmustdecidewhethercounselsperformancewaswithin @ therangeofcompetencedemandedofattorneysincriminalcases.Baxterv.Rose,523S.W.2d &v 930,936(Tenn.1975).Whenreviewingadefenseattorneysactions,thisCourtmaynotuse  \  20-20hindsighttosecond-guesscounselsdecisionsregardingtrialstrategyandtactics. B Hellardv.State,629S.W.2d4,9(Tenn.1982). (   Tosucceedonaclaimthathistrialcounselwasineffectiveattrial,apetitionerbearsthe  burdenofshowingthathiscounselmadeerrorssoseriousthathewasnotfunctioningas   counsel,asguaranteedbytheSixthAmendment,andthatthedeficientrepresentationprejudiced p!  thepetitioner,resultinginafailuretoproduceareliableresult.Stricklandv.Washington,466 V"! U.S.668,687,80L.Ed.2d674,104S.Ct.2052(1984);Cooperv.State,849S.W.2d744,747 <#" (Tenn.1993).Tosatisfythesecondprong,thepetitionermustshowthathewasprejudicedby "$r# hiscounselsunprofessionalerrorssuchthatthereisareasonableprobabilitythat,butfor %X $ counselserrors,theresultoftheproceedingwouldhavediffered.Strickland,466U.S.at694. %>!% Petitionersfailuretoproveeitherelement,deficientperformanceorprejudice,requires &$"& dismissalofhisclaim.Id.at697. ' #'  (#(  #XéXXjXé#`XéXXXé XI.TrialCourtsFindingsofFact  )$)  XThepetitioner,StevieCaldwell,allegesthepostconvictiontrialcourtfailedtomake R+&+ sufficientfindingsoffactandconclusionsoflawtopermitproperreview.#XéXX`Xé#jXéXXXéThetrialcourtis 8,', <y= < H  <  requiredtosetforthwrittenfindingsoffactandconclusionsoflawforeachclaimraisedina  postconvictionpetition.Tenn.CodeAnn.4030211(b).Althoughthisrequirementis  mandatory,reversalisnotalwayswarrantedwhenatrialjudgefailstoincludewrittenfindings | offactandconclusionsoflawintheorderdismissingapostconvictionpetition.Statev. b Swanson,680S.W.2d487,489(Tenn.Crim.App.1984).Thelegislativeintentofthestatuteis H toaidtheappellatecourtsreviewofpostconvictionproceedings.Id.;Georgev.State,533 . ~ S.W.2d322,326(Tenn.Crim.App.1975).#XéXXjXé<#`XéXXXéApostconvictioncourtsfailuretoaddressspecific  d findingsastoeachissueraisedbypetitionerdoesnotnecessarilyprecludemeaningfulreview.  J SeeRickmanv.State,972S.W.2d687,692(Tenn.Crim.App.1997).  0     Thepostconvictioncourt,inlieuofwrittenfindings,madeoralfindingsoffactand    conclusionsoflawthatweredulytranscribedintherecord.Afairreadingofthejudges   findingsstronglyinfersthatthetestimonyofthetrialattorneyswasaccredited.Thepetitioners x  complainthatthepostconvictionjudgefailedtoaddressallissuesintheoralorwrittenorder. ^  Arguably,thisistrue;however,inhisconclusion,thejudgespecificallyaskedbothpost D  convictioncounseliftherewereotherissueshehadnotaddressed.Bothrespondednegatively. *z  Additionally,thepetitionersappellatebrieffailstospecificallyidentifytheissuesallegedly ` omitted,thusinvitingspeculationastotheissuesweshouldreview.Forthereasonscited,we F holdthisissueiswithoutmerit. ,    XII.JurySelection    XCWenextaddressthepetitionersallegationsthattheywerenotpresentforjuryselection. t ThiswasdirectlycontradictedbyStevieCaldwellsattorney,Mr.Conger.RandyCaldwells Z attorneyagreedwithMr.Congerstestimony.Havingpreviouslyconcludedthatthepost @ convictionjudgeaccreditedthetrialattorneystestimony,wedismissthisissue. &v   \  XIII.DisqualificationofDistrictAttorney  B  XkThenextissueraisedbythepetitioner,RandyCaldwell,iswhetherthetrialcourtabused  itsdiscretionbydenyingthemotiontodisqualifytheDistrictAttorneyGeneralandhisstaff.In  determiningwhethertodisqualifyaprosecutorinacriminalcase,thetrialcourtmustdetermine   whetherthereisanactualconflictofinterest,whichincludesanycircumstancesinwhichan p!  attorneycannotexercisehisorherindependentprofessionaljudgmentfreeof compromising V"! interestsandloyalties.SeeTenn.R.Sup.Ct.8,EC51.Ifthereisnoactualconflictof <#" interest,thecourtmustnonethelessconsiderwhetherconducthascreatedanappearanceof "$r# impropriety.SeeTenn.R.Sup.Ct.8,EC91,96. %X $  %>!% Ifdisqualificationisrequiredundereithertheory,thetrialcourtmustalsodetermine &$"& whethertheconflictofinterestorappearanceofimproprietyrequiresdisqualificationofthe ' #' entireDistrictAttorneyGeneralsoffice.SeeStatev.Tate,925S.W.2d548,550(Tenn.Crim. (#( App.1995).ThedeterminationofwhethertodisqualifytheofficeoftheDistrictAttorney )$) Generalinacriminalcaserestswithinthediscretionofthetrialcourt.Appellatereviewofsuch l*%* arulingislimitedtowhetherthetrialcourthasabuseditsdiscretion.Seeid.at50;Statev. R+&+ Culbreath,30S.W.3d309,312(Tenn.2000). 8,', 8y= 8 s  8    Onthemorningofthepostconvictionevidentiaryhearing,amotionwaspresentedto  disqualifytheDistrictAttorneyGeneralandstaffduetoafederalcivilsuitfiledbypetitioners | namingtheGeneralandhisstaffasdefendants.Thecivilactionhadbeendismissedpriortothe b postconvictionhearing.Petitionerscounselallegedthattheactioncouldpotentiallybe H reinstituted,raisingthespecterofaconflictofinterest.Thepostconvictionjudgedeclinedto . ~ grantthepetitionersmotiononthismerespeculativepossibility.Noevidenceisfiledinthe  d technicalrecordshowingthenatureofthecivilcomplaint.Furthermore,thepetitionersciteno  J authorityinsupportoftheirposition.Weconcludethisissueiswithoutmerit.  0      XIV.IneffectivePostConvictionCounsel     XThepetitioner,StevieCaldwell,nextarguesthathispostconvictionattorneywas x  ineffective.Specifically,thepetitionerallegesthatnotallclaimsallegedintheoriginaland ^  amendedpetitionsweredevelopedatthepostconvictionhearing.#XéXX`Xé #LXéXXXéThepostconvictionprocess D  isgovernedbythePostConvictionProcedureActof1995.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4030201 *z  222;Lesliev.State,36S.W.3d34,36(Tenn.2000).Thereisnoconstitutionalrightto ` representationbycounselinpostconvictionproceedingsand,thus,norighttoeffective F assistanceofcounselinpostconvictionproceedings.Housev.State,911S.W.2d705,712 , (Tenn.1995).However,thereisastatutoryrighttocounsel.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4030  207(b)(1). Theappointmentofcounselassistsinensuringthatapetitionerassertsallavailable  groundsforreliefandfullyandfairlylitigatesthesegroundsinasinglepost-conviction  proceeding.Leslie,36S.W.3dat38. t  Z #XéXXLXé>#LXéXXXéTenn.Sup.Ct.R.28wasadoptedbyoursupremecourtonOctober28,1996,and @ providescomprehensiverequirementsforthehandlingofpostconvictionpetitions.The &v followingisrequiredofcounsel:  \  X XAppointedorretainedcounselshallberequiredtoreviewtheprose B petition,fileanamendedpetitionassertingotherclaimswhichpetitionerarguably ( hasorawrittennoticethatnoamendedpetitionwillbefiled,interviewrelevant  witnesses,includingpetitionerandpriorcounsel,anddiligentlyinvestigateand  presentallreasonableclaims.    X$ Xv$ XTenn.Sup.Ct.R.28,6(C)(2).Counselisalsorequiredtofileacertificationindicatingthathe p!  orshehas thoroughlyinvestigatedthepossibleconstitutionalviolations,hasdiscussedthe V"! possibleconstitutionalviolationswiththepetitioner,andhasraisedallnon-frivolous <#" constitutionalgroundswarrantedbyexistinglaworagoodfaithargumentfortheextension, "$r# modification,orreversalofexistinglaw.Tenn.Sup.Ct.R.28,6(C)(3)andApp.C.#XéXXLXéP##`XéXXXé %X $ #XéXX`Xé(# Xy&LXéXXXé %>!% Thesestandardsstriketheproperbalancebetweencounselandthepetitionerin &$"& determiningthecourseandconductofpost-convictionproceedings.Leslie,36S.W.3dat38. ' #' Counselmustconsultwiththepetitionerwhenfeasible,butcounselretainsthediscretionto (#( maketacticaldecisionsastowhichissuestopursue.Id.#XéXXLXéC)#`XéXXXéԀ )$)  l*%* Thepetitionerhereincitesnocaselawasauthorityinsupportofthisissue.Hecontends R+&+ thataconflictexistedbetweentheclientsandtheirpostconvictioncounsel,asevidencedbythe 8,', 7y= 7 6  7  prosemotiontoexcusecounsel.Thepetitionerconcedesthereisnoconstitutionalrightto  effectivecounselinapostconvictionproceeding,House,911S.W.2dat712,butmaintainsa   manifestinjusticeresultsunderthesecircumstances.Weareboundbytheconstraintsof | statutoryandcaselawauthoritypreviouslycitedand,accordingly,concludethatthisissueis b withoutmerit. H  . ~  X V.IneffectiveTrialCounsel   d  X.  J Thelastissueconcernsanallegationofineffectiveassistanceoftrialcounsel.  0 Specifically,thetwopetitionerspresentjointlyand/orseparatelythefollowingalleged    derelictionsoftrialcounsel:     k(5h88k"o3"  X X XK4S,S4`  XX(#Ko3025h   I   .3  0 4   failuretoproducedpromisedalibiwitnesses;o30g1݌ 4 4  Ќ  "o3"  o3\225h   II   .3  0 4   failuretoutilizeanalternativetheoryastocauseofdeath;o3\22݌x 4 4  Ќ  "o3"  o3325h   III   .3  0 4   failuretodoanindependentinvestigation;o333݌^ 4 4  Ќ  "o3"  o3425h   IV   .3  0 4   allowingtrialtoproceedwhenthepetitionerswereimpairedbydrugsand/or D  alcohol;o344݌*z 4 4  Ќ  "o3"  o3625h   V   .3  0 4   failuretoproduceadditionalevidencebeneficialtothedefense;and,o36A6݌`4 4  Ќ  "o3"  o3P725h   VI   .3  0 4   failuretofileasuppressionmotionconcerningevidenceseizedfromthe F petitioners.o3P7}7݌,4 4  Ќ  X X X  #XéXX`Xé)+#jXéXXXé X A.PromisedAlibi   X Intheopeningstatement,trialcounselstatedthattheyexpectedtheprooftoshowthe t petitionerswereathomeinbedwiththeirwivesduringthenightinquestion.Nowitnesseswere Z calledbythetrialdefenseteam. @  &v Theputativealibiwitnesseswere:BridgettCaldwell(wifeofStevieCaldwell),Gayle  \ Caldwell(wifeofRandyCaldwell),WilliamCaldwell(fatherofpetitioners),EugeneMitchell, B andJuniorEmerton.Atthepostconvictionhearing,BridgettCaldwellsaidshewouldhave ( testifiedattrialthatthepetitionerswereathomeonthenightoftheoffense.Shefurthersaid  thiswouldhavebeenperjuredtestimony,givenduetopressurefromCaldwellfamilymembers.     GayleCaldwell,wifeofRandyCaldwell,testifiedatthepostconvictionhearingthat p!  bothpetitionerswereathomeonthenightoftheoffenseexceptforabrieftimewhentheywent V"! toastore.Sheadmittedthataftermidnight,sheonlysawRandyCaldwellatabout2:00a.m.and <#" didnotseeStevieCaldwelluntilthenextmorning.Thistestimonywouldnothavebeen "$r# inconsistentwiththatStatestheoryastothesequenceofevents. %X $  %>!% WilliamCaldwell,fatherofpetitioners,statedinhispostconvictiontestimonythatboth &$"& petitionerswereattheirhomeat10:00p.m.and1:50a.m.onthenightoftheoffense. ' #'  (#( JuniorEmertonsaffidavit,introducedatthepostconvictionhearing,statedhewaswith )$) WilliamCaldwellonthenightoftheoffenseandsawRandyCaldwellat2:00a.m.Theaffidavit l*%* isbriefandneitherfullysupportsnordisputesothertestimonyofWilliamCaldwell.Likewise, R+&+ EmertonsaffidavitwouldnotconflictwiththeStatestheoryofevents. 8,', 3y= 3 s  3    EugeneMitchell,RandyCaldwellsfatherinlaw,testifiedatthepostconvictionhearing  thathespentthenightatthepetitionershouseonthenightinquestion.Hestatedboth | petitionerswerehomeallnight,exceptforabriefperiodwhentheymadeatriptoastore. b Mitchellwasnotinterviewedbytrialdefensecounsel.StevieCaldwellstrialcounseldidstate H thatallnamesfurnishedbytheirclientsaspotentialwitnesseswereinterviewed. . ~   d Amocktrialwasconductedbytrialdefensecounsel.Alltheproposedalibiwitnesses,  J withtheexceptionofMitchell,wereevaluated.Bothattorneyshadmisgivingsaboutthewives  0 capabilityaswitnesses,althoughtheydidnotquestiontheircredibility.AstoWilliamCaldwell,    thetrialattorneysdoubtedhistestimonyactuallyprovidedanalibiastothesignificanttimes.       Afailurebytrialdefensecounseltopresentproofthatwaspromisedinopening x  statementsmayhavesuchanadverseeffectonthetrialastorequirereversaloftheconviction. ^  Statev.Zimmerman,823S.W.2d220,225(Tenn.Crim.App.1991).Thetrialtranscriptwas D  notmadeanexhibitatthepostconvictionproceeding,butwewillreviewourrecordfromthe *z  directappeal.Statev.Townes,56S.W.3d30,34(Tenn.Crim.App.2000).Attrial,theState ` presentedGuyGoff,theChiefCriminalInvestigatorforWhiteCountySheriffsDepartment. F GoffwenttothepetitionersresidenceonDecember8,1994,thedayoftheoffense,and , separatelyinterviewedthepetitioners,LesterCunningham(theiraccomplice)andthepetitioners  wives.ThefollowingexchangewithGoffoccurredoncrossexaminationbyStevieCaldwells  counsel:   X X XQuestion:0 Okay.Sowhenyougotthereandyougoteverybodyseparatedand Z talkedtotheminseparateroomsandsoforth,theconsistentstory,the @ themethatranthroughthetestimonyorthestatementsthatyougot &v fromStevie;fromBridgett;fromRandy;fromGail,Randyswife;and  \ fromBosswasthattheyhadfoughtchickensthere,allnight,orfought B chickensthereupuntiltheearlymorninghours,twelveorso.Right?(  Answer:0 Correct.  Question:0 Andthattheywenttobedandsleptthereuntilarelativecalledabout  sixoclockinthemorningandtoldthemthatLutherGistshousehad   beenburneddown?p!   Answer:0 Idont,letssee,Idontrecallifitwasexactlysixoclockornot,but V"! thats,therestofthatscorrect.<#"   X X XDuringclosingargument,trialcounselforStevieCaldwellwasabletoargue,without %X $ objection,asfollows: Wecertainlycouldhavecalledwitnessesupheretotestifywherethose %>!% boyswerethatnight.Theirwiveswouldhavetestifiedthattheywerehomewiththem. &$"&  ' #' Duringthemocktrial,t#XéXXjXé9#jXéXXXérialcounselhadtheopportunitytoassesstheproposedalibi (#( witnesses.Bothcounselhadobviousmisgivingsconcerningtheproposedalibiwitnesses.As )$) theproofdeveloped,counselwereabletoputthewivesstatementsofalibiintoevidence l*%*  throughtheSheriffschiefinvestigator,Mr.Goff.Evenintheluminescenceofhindsight,we R+&+ 2y= 2 z  2  cannotconcludethattrialcounselscourseofactionandtacticalchoices,astothealibi  witnesses,fellbelowthecompetencedemandedofattorneysincriminalcases.    |  N(88k! !"o3"  Xo3T2  B  .3  0    AlternativeTheory o3TT݌b(#(# Ќ  XT H  #XéXXjXéP# jXéXXXéThepetitionersnextallegethattrialcounselwereineffectiveduetotheirfailureto . ~ developanalternativetheoryofotherindividualswithamotivetokillthevictim.Tosupport  d thischarge,relianceismadeuponthreewitnesses:SueCaldwell,TimDildine,andTimYoung.  J   0 SueCaldwell,motherofthepetitioners,relatedaconversationwithLutherGist,the    victim,whereinGistsaid, LinvilleRobertstoldhimheoughttobetarredandfeatheredandrun    offthemountain.LinvilleRobertstestimonyattrialwasthatthevictimwasthe nicest   person. x   ^  TimothyDildinetestifiedtooverhearingaconversationbetweenthevictimandWayne D  Cunningham,fatherofthepetitionersaccomplice,LesterCunningham.Thevictimthreatened *z  tokillWayneCunninghamifthevictimwasnotrepaidcertainmoneyowedhim.Dildine ` equivocatedoncrossexaminationastothedeaththreatandadmittedthatthepetitionerstold F himwhattosay. ,   TimYoungclaimedtohavetoldbothtrialdefenseattorneysofdeaththreatsbythe  victimagainstWayneCunninghamandCunninghamsvowto getLuther[thevictim]first.  SteviesattorneystatedthathewasunabletoverifyDildinesallegations.Furthermore,hedid t notrecallTimYoung,butstatedthatthepetitionerswereurgedtolocateWayneCunningham Z forverification,butthiswasnotaccomplished.Randysattorneycouldonlyremember @ interviewinga Timmy,butcounseldeniedeverhearingofahostilerelationshipbetweenthe &v victimandWayneCunningham.  \  B ThepetitionersplacegreatrelianceonStatev.Burns,6S.W.3d453(Tenn.1999),forthe ( propositionthattrialcounselwasineffectiveforfailingtopursueanalternativetheoryofthe  victimsdeathormotivetokillthevictim.InBurns,trialcounselwasadjudgeddeficientfor  failuretoinvestigateanalternativetheorywhentheStateonlyhadonewitnessimplicatingthe   defendant,andcorroborationwasscant.Undertheinstantfacts,theStatealsoreliedheavilyon p!  onekeywitness,Cunningham.However,ondirectreview,thisCourtfoundsubstantial V"! corroboration: <#"  X X XAstoRandyCaldwell,thecorroboratingevidenceconsistsofthetwoplasticjugs "$r# containingakerosenetypeliquidwhichwerefoundinhiscarandwitnesses %X $ testimonythattheyheardaloudsoundingcarleavingthemountainaround2:00 %>!% a.m.onthenightofthefire.Onewitnesstestifiedthatthecarleavingthe &$"& mountainsoundedlikeRandyCaldwellscarwhichthewitnesshadheardearlier ' #' intheday.AstoStevieCaldwell,thecorroboratingevidenceconsistsofthepink (#( cigarettelighterfoundonhimthenextdayandLinvilleRobertstestimonythat )$) StevieCaldwellandCunninghamwereatherhouseafewhoursafterthefire l*%* askingtousethephonebecausetheyhadrunoutofgas.Furthercorroborationas R+&+ tobothdefendantscomesfromLesterBainstestimony#XéXXjXéU#`XéXXXéthatRandyCaldwell, 8,', .y= . z  .  StevieCaldwell,andCunninghamweretogethershortlybeforethefirestarted.  Thethreewerealsofoundtogetherthemorningafterthefire.Again,wepoint  outthatevidenceofcorroborationneednotinitselfbesufficienttosupportthe | conviction.Itistheexclusivejobofthejury,astriersoffact,todetermine b whethertheaccomplicestestimonywassufficientlysupportedbythe H corroboratingevidence.ThisCourthasheldbeforethat#XéXX`Xéd#`XéXXXéԀ presence, . ~ companionship,andconductbeforeandafterthecommissionoftheoffense,are  d circumstancesfromwhichonesparticipationmaybeinferred.(Citations  J omitted)  0  X XStatev.Caldwell,977S.W.2dat116.     XConsideringallthepetitionersallegationsandwitnessesinthisregardandaccrediting   thetrialcounselstestimony,wecannotconcludethealternativetheorywasviableorworthyof x  counselspursuit.Therefore,trialcounselwasnotineffectiveinthisrespect. ^   D  "o3"  Xo3j2  C  .3  0    AdditionalEvidence/IndependentInvestigationo3jk݌*z (#(# Ќ  XkNext,StevieCaldwellallegescounselwasineffectiveforfailuretoproduceadditional F evidenceofbenefittothepetitioner.RandyCaldwellallegesineffectivenessduetocounsels , failuretodoanindependentinvestigation.Wewillconsidertheseissuesjointly.    SueCaldwelltestifiedatthepostconvictionhearingthatshegaveapinkcigarettelighter  to RoosteratthejailtogivetoLesterCunningham.Apinkcigarettelighterhadbeenseized t fromStevieCaldwellafterhisarrestandwasintroducedasanexhibitinthetrialas Z corroborativeevidence.Noconnectingevidencewaspresentedatpostconvictionastohow @ StevieCaldwellallegedlyreceivedthepinklighterthatSueCaldwelltooktothejail.Linda &v Young,thepetitionerssister,confirmedthathermothertookacigarettelighter,pinktopurple  \ incolor,tothejail.Shealsostatedshetoldthepetitionerscounselofthismonthsbeforetrial. B StevieCaldwellstrialcounselstatedheneverheardoftheincidentuntilafterthetrial. (   KelcyButlersubmittedanaffidavittotheeffectthathewascoonhuntinginthevicinity  ofthevictimshousefrom10:00p.m.until2:00a.m.ontherelevantnightandsawnocarsor   peopleinthearea.StevieCaldwellscounselstatedhehadneverheardofKelcyButlerpriorto p!  thepostconvictionproceeding.Thepetitionersprovidenoguidanceastohowcounselwasto V"! havegainedknowledgeofthisinformation. <#"  "$r# OllaJuneYoung,thepetitionersaunt,testifiedsheresidedontheroadleadingtothe %X $ victimshouseandwouldhaveawakenedhadRandyCaldwellscarpassedherhouse.She %>!% admittedshedidnotsharethisinformationwithtrialcounsel,althoughsheattendedthesecond &$"& dayoftrial. ' #'  (#( RebaCunningham,grandmotherofthepetitionersandLesterCunningham,submittedan )$) affidavitthatsheobservedLesterCunninghamdiscussingtestimonywiththeStateattorneysand l*%* Statewitnesses.Theaffidavitisnonspecificastotimeofthetrialandunenlighteningastoany R+&+ prejudicetothepetitioners. 8,', - - s -    Thepetitionershavenotshownthetrialcounseltobeineffectiveforfailuretoproduce  additionalevidenceorintheirindependentinvestigation. |  b "o3"  Xo3ww2  D  .3  0    ImpairmentatTrialo3www݌H(#(# Ќ  XwNext,bothpetitionersclaimthattheywereimpairedbytheiringestionofalcoholand  d Valiumduringthetrial.Noneoftheirsupportingwitnessesatpostconvictiongavetestimonyas  J tothisclaim.Theonlytrialcounselquestionedonthis,Steviesattorney,deniedobservingany  0 impairmentofhisclient.Thepostconvictionjudgedidnotfindtheseclaimscredible.Wehold    thisallegationofcounselsineffectivenessiswithoutmerit.       "o3"  Xo3z2  E  .3  0    SuppressionMotion o3zz݌x (#(# Ќ  Xz ^  RandyCaldwellnextclaimsineffectivecounselduetoafailuretofileasuppression D  motionregardingtheplasticjugsandthecigarettelighterintroducedlater#XéXX`Xég#`XéXXXéԀattrial.Whilethis *z  maybeacolorableclaim,theissuewasnotdevelopedinanyfashionatthepostconviction ` hearing.Withouttestimonyconcerningthecircumstancesoftheseizure,weareunabletodivine F whetheramotionwouldhavebeensuccessfuliffiled.Lackingthisprerequisite,wecannot , concludethatthepetitionerswereprejudicedbytheinactionofcounsel.SeeBrimmerv.State,  29S.W.3d497,51415(Tenn.Crim.App.1998).#XéXX`Xé|#jXéXXXé    Thepetitionerstrialcounselprovidedeffectiveassistance,albeittheassistancedidnot t concludeinadifferentresult.Thepetitionersdidnotmeettherequisiteburdenofshowingthat Z eitherattorneywasineffectiveandthatthepetitionerswereprejudicedbyanyerrorsbytrial @ counsel.Forthisreason,wedismissthisissue. &v      \  XIV.Conclusion  B  X' ( Fortheforegoingreasons,weaffirmthedecisionofthepostconvictioncourt.  #XéXXjXé#XXél.` hp x (#S,S4`  Xl   c   "!r   !1!  ""  ` 0 0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#XéX jXéXXXé_____________________________________##(#(#  ` 0 0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#JOHNEVERETTWILLIAMS,JUDGE#XéXXjXé# #XXéx#