ÿWPC¢ "¹èVÚÜ)Nì½?†mŸ„;µ~Oì1O'^4L1[;“˜Ç¾þ„hV¹š4¼djˆHÇéàqâb;¨£êåƒàú¢Õ¶`’ìVRòÑ 3Ý,h©Z:àýÑ!Y$P.'’<0*¬%~öR¦ËWû+'ôòûë…¡x÷õ%C» »&†Í‡7a÷욢è d‚"œM8)ÅÃIØ2¡Z²H÷ÛÒòÖÒr•^Öe 1ÆôÕr4Gð㫸Cׂ̄%êÏ­ë){Þ÷ ПPÒg6?ä=iç•õ»ÿÛç’ȇ+zÅ’¡/2¿÷ý"„s².R¦±âÅf†~¿g«ì²Í  Â;TªŒ_|i³„«¾¿çÜ)–¹z4ùT‹˜¨/ÐþSéã«^ Ú¶Y“†¯?’õ;—~׿ª +‚&Ë$‘ ÆÏ Æ• Æ[ Æ!UNçN577E? 0CAA„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„b•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0ë Bˆˆ 0¤¥ D5I D-~ 0K«« ASöÆI 0¤ 0D³ A«÷˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6ÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0»³-s (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularüPH,.bk„w¥ ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|x ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀô\  `&Times New RomanLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular (ÿÿ$òòÚ  ÚÚ  Úóó Ý ƒR@g$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôí=ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔMs.€Ô_ÔSharkleyÔ_Ôððs€first€name€is€variously€spelled€in€the€record€as€ð ðÔ_ÔValisaÔ_Ôðð€and€ð ðÔ_ÔVilisaÔ_Ô.ðð€€Because€the€spelling€inÐ ° Ðthe€indictment€is€ð ðÔ_ÔVilisaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔSharkleyÔ_Ô,ðð€that€spelling€will€be€used€in€this€opinion.- ù-(|G2@g$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€J»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôí=ò»»Ô d(|3Gs$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€J»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3Gs$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€J»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€J»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼J»»»ÔÑ8€YXXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îWDJÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼J»îîWD #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àJune€19,€2002€SessionÐ üL ÐÔ‡XYX»¼JÔÌò òÔ#†¼J»XXY#ÔòòSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEóó€v.€òòóóJAMES€ALFRED€CAREYÔ‡XYX»¼JÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Sumner€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€966„1999,€968„1999,€4„2000€€€€€€Jane€Wheatcraft,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<½ ` AßÐ ¾   ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2001„02003„CCA„R3„CD€„€Filed€July€31,€Ô_Ô2002Ô_ÔÐ ¹  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<` AßÐ ‘á  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÔ‡ XYXXXYÔThe€Defendant€pled€guilty€to€one€count€of€selling€less€than€0.5€grams€of€cocaine,€a€Schedule€IIÐ ŒÜ  Ðcontrolled€substance,€and€to€three€counts€of€domestic€assault.€€The€trial€court€sentenced€theÐ xÈ  ÐDefendant€as€a€Range€II,€multiple€offender€to€ten€years€incarceration€for€the€drug€conviction€and€toÐ d´ Ðeleven€months€and€twenty„nine€days€for€each€of€the€assault€convictions.€€The€trial€court€ordered€thatÐ P  Ðthe€sentences€be€served€concurrently,€but€consecutive€to€a€prior€sentence.€€The€Defendant€nowÐ <Œ Ðappeals,€arguing€that€he€was€improperly€sentenced.€Ô#†XYXX XYÎ#ÔÔ#†¼J»XXY#ÔÔ‡XYX»¼JÔ€Finding€no€error,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€theÐ (x Ðtrial€court.Ð d ÐÓÂÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmedó óÐ ì< ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼J»àXY±#ÔÔ‡XYX.¼JÔRobert€W.€Wedemeyer,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€G.€Hayesóó€andÐ Ä ÐòòAlan€E.€Glenn,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð ° ÐÌRandy€P.€Lucas,€Gallatin,€Tennessee,€for€the€Appellant,€James€Alfred€Carey.Ð ˆØ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General;€Jennifer€L.€Bledsoe,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€Lawrence€RayÐ `° ÐWhitley,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Dee€David€Gay,€Assistant€District€Attorney€General,€for€theÐ L œ ÐAppellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð 8!ˆ  ÐÓ´ÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼J»XXYã#ÔÔ‡XYX»¼JÔÐ #`" ÐÌI.€€FACTSÐ è$8 $ ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼J»XXY‚ #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XYX»¼JÔÔ‡ XYXXXYÔà  àIn€December€1999,€the€Sumner€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€the€Defendant,€James€AlfredÐ À&"& ÐCarey,€for€one€count€of€selling€cocaine,€a€Schedule€II€controlled€substance,€in€an€amount€more€thanÐ ¬'ü"' Ð0.5€gramsÔ  Ôòòóó;€for€one€count€of€domestic€assault€against€Vilisa€Sharkley;òòóóÑÈÑ׃×Ý ƒÿÿÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€for€one€count€of€attemptedÐ ˜(è#( Ðfirst€degree€murder€against€Satonya€Fitts.€òòóó€In€January€2000,€the€Sumner€County€Grand€Jury€indictedÐ „)Ô$) Ðthe€Defendant€for€one€count€of€assault€against€Kiley€Bittis.òòóó€€On€March€15,€2001,€the€Defendant€pledÐ p*À%*ýG Ðguilty€to€the€reduced€offense€of€the€sale€of€less€than€0.5€grams€of€cocaine.€€On€May€4,€2001,€pursuantÐ ° Ðto€a€plea€agreement,€the€Defendant€entered€pleas€of€guilty€to€three€domestic€assault€charges,€one€ofÐ œì Ðwhich€was€a€reduction€of€the€attempted€first€degree€murder€charge€involving€victim,€Satonya€Fitts.Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àOn€June€12,€2001,€the€trial€court€conducted€a€sentencing€hearing€to€determine€the€length€andÐ `° Ðmanner€of€service€of€the€Defendantððs€sentences.€€At€the€conclusion€of€the€hearing,€the€trial€courtÐ L œ Ðdetermined€that€the€Defendant€was€a€multiple€offender,€qualified€for€a€sentencing€range€of€six€to€tenÐ 8 ˆ Ðyears€for€the€felony€cocaine€sale.€€The€court€found€no€mitigating€factors€and€applied€threeÐ $ t Ðenhancement€factors.€€The€court€denied€alternative€sentencing€and€ordered€that€the€Defendant€serveÐ  ` Ðten€years€in€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction€for€the€felony€sale€of€cocaine€under€0.5€grams.€Ð ü L  ÐThe€court€further€ordered€that€the€Defendant€serve€eleven€months€and€twenty„nine€days€on€each€ofÐ è 8  Ðthe€three€misdemeanor€assault€charges.€€The€trial€court€ordered€that€the€sentences€be€servedÐ Ô$  Ðconcurrently,€resulting€in€an€effective€sentence€of€ten€years€in€the€Tennessee€Department€ofÐ À  ÐCorrection,€to€be€served€consecutively€to€a€prior€felony€sentence.€€This€appeal€ensued.Ð ¬ü  ÐÌà  àThe€facts€underlying€the€Defendantððs€convictions,€as€set€forth€in€the€indictments€and€fromÐ „Ô  Ðevidence€presented€at€the€sentencing€hearing,€are€as€follows:€On€July€9,€1999,€the€Defendant€soldÐ pÀ Ðcrack€cocaine€to€an€undercover€agent€in€Gallatin,€Tennessee.€€Tennessee€Bureau€of€InvestigationÐ \¬ Ðlaboratory€tests€revealed€the€amount€of€cocaine€to€be€under€0.5€grams.€€On€June€5,€1999,€theÐ H˜ ÐDefendant€assaulted€Vilisa€Sharkley€by€holding€her€down€by€the€face,€choking€her,€beating€her€aboutÐ 4„ Ðthe€head,€and€pulling€her€hair€out€during€an€argument€concerning€telephone€numbers€stored€in€herÐ  p Ðpager.€€On€June€5,€1999,€the€Defendant€assaulted€sixteen„year„old€Satonya€Fitts.€€Fitts€was€eightÐ  \ Ðmonths€pregnant€with€the€Defendantððs€unborn€child€at€the€time.€€On€August€31,€1999,€the€DefendantÐ øH Ðassaulted€Kiley€Bittis€by€picking€her€up€and€dropping€or€throwing€her€in€a€ditch.€Ð ä4 ÐÌà  àThe€evidence€presented€at€the€sentencing€hearing€was€as€follows:€Sergeant€William€SorrellsÐ ¼  Ðof€the€Gallatin€Police€Department€testified€that€he€arrested€the€Defendant€on€August€31,€1999.€€HeÐ ¨ø Ðtestified€that€Kiley€Bittis€approached€him€and€stated€that€she€and€the€Defendant€had€formerly€beenÐ ”ä Ðinvolved€in€a€romantic€relationship,€but€that€she€had€ended€their€relationship€about€six€monthsÐ €Ð Ðbefore.€€According€to€Sorrells,€Bittis€also€told€him€that€the€Defendant€had€tried€to€stop€her€while€sheÐ l¼ Ðwas€walking€on€Pemberton€Circle,€but€Bittis€did€not€stop€because€she€was€afraid€of€the€Defendant.Ð X ¨ ÐSorrells€further€testified€that,€according€to€Bittis,€the€Defendant€became€angry€when€she€would€notÐ D!” Ðstop,€called€her€names,€picked€her€up€over€his€head,€and€threw€her€into€a€ditch.€€Bittis€also€stated€toÐ 0"€  ÐSorrells€that€as€she€was€trying€to€get€out€of€the€ditch,€the€Defendant€hit€her€in€the€back€of€the€headÐ #l! Ðwith€his€fist.€€Sorrells€testified€that€he€observed€various€injuries€on€Bittis,€including€scrapes€on€herÐ $X" Ðelbows,€a€large€abrasion€on€her€back,€and€a€large€knot€on€the€back€of€her€head.€€Sorrells€testified€thatÐ ô$D # ÐBittis€was€nineteen€years€old€at€the€time.€€Sorrells€testified€that€he€spoke€with€a€witness,€MahoganyÐ à%0!$ ÐTalley,€who€was€walking€with€Bittis€at€the€time€and€who€corroborated€Bittisðð€story.€Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àOfficer€Gail€Humes€of€the€Gallatin€Police€Department€testified€that€on€June€5,€1999,€sheÐ ¤(ô#' Ðobtained€two€warrants€against€the€Defendant.€€She€testified€that€she€and€several€other€officersÐ )à$( Ðresponded€to€a€ð ðshots„fired€callðð€in€the€area€of€Alexander€Court€and€Lackey€Circle€at€approximatelyÐ |*Ì%) Ð7:29€p.m.€€There€they€encountered€sixteen„year„old€Satonya€Fitts€along€with€a€number€of€otherÐ h+¸&* Ðpeople.€€Fitts,€who€appeared€distressed,€told€them€that€she€was€pregnant€with€the€Defendantððs€unbornÐ ° Ðchild€and€that€approximately€five€minutes€prior€to€the€officersðð€arrival,€she€and€the€Defendant€hadÐ œì Ða€verbal€altercation.€€She€stated€that€she€had€asked€the€Defendant€to€leave€because€she€was€afraid€ofÐ ˆØ Ðhim€and€because€she€had€heard€that€he€had€previously€beaten€another€girlfriend€earlier.€€HumesÐ tÄ Ðtestified€that€Fitts€then€stated€that€the€Defendant€told€her€that€he€ð ðwasnððt€going€to€let€anyone€run€hisÐ `° Ðlife,ðð€whereupon€she€asked€him€again€to€leave.€€At€that€point,€according€to€Fittsðð€report€to€Humes€atÐ L œ Ðthe€scene,€the€Defendant,€who€was€about€fifteen€feet€away,€pulled€a€chrome€handgun€from€hisÐ 8 ˆ Ðwaistband,€pointed€it€at€Fitts€and€fired€one€shot€directly€at€her€before€walking€away€and€getting€intoÐ $ t Ða€vehicle€of€unknown€make€and€model.€€Humes€testified€that€a€.22„caliber€shell€casing€was€recoveredÐ  ` Ðnear€the€area€where€Fitts€said€the€Defendant€had€been€standing.€€Ð ü L  ÐÌà  àThe€State€introduced€an€affidavit€sworn€out€at€the€office€of€the€Defendantððs€attorney€by€FittsÐ Ô$  Ðsubsequent€to€the€night€of€the€offense.€€In€the€affidavit,€Fitts€swore€that€the€Defendant€never€fired€aÐ À  Ðweapon€at€her,€that€she€never€saw€a€weapon,€and€that€she€never€told€the€police€that€the€DefendantÐ ¬ü  Ðhad€fired€a€weapon€at€her.€€Humes€acknowledged€that€no€laboratory€analysis€had€been€performed€onÐ ˜è  Ðthe€shell€casing€to€determine€from€what€weapon€it€was€fired,€nor€was€it€tested€for€fingerprints.€Ð „Ô  ÐHumes€further€testified€that€she€was€aware€of€Fittsðð€affidavit€and€that€no€.22„caliber€weaponÐ pÀ Ðconsistent€with€the€facts€as€alleged€originally€by€Fitts€was,€at€any€time,€recovered€from€theÐ \¬ ÐDefendant.€€Humes,€however,€reaffirmed€her€testimony€that€Fitts€did€tell€her€that€the€Defendant€hadÐ H˜ Ða€weapon€and€that€he€fired€it€at€her.€€Ð 4„ ÐÌà  àOfficer€Humes€also€testified€about€a€separate€incident€on€the€same€day€involving€theÐ  \ ÐDefendant.€€When€Humes€returned€to€the€Gallatin€Police€Department€to€obtain€warrants€for€theÐ øH Ðassault€against€Fitts,€another€victim,€Vilisa€Sharkley,€came€to€the€Police€Department.€€Sharkley€toldÐ ä4 ÐHumes€that€the€Defendant€had€assaulted€her€at€the€residence€of€Patrina€Franklin€on€Lackey€Circle.€Ð Ð  ÐSharkley€stated€that€the€Defendant€arrived€at€the€location,€demanded€her€pager,€and€started€lookingÐ ¼  Ðthrough€the€numbers.€€According€to€Sharkley,€the€Defendant€then€ð ðhead„buttedðð€her€and€told€one€ofÐ ¨ø Ðthe€witnesses€to€leave€and€come€back€in€about€ten€minutes€so€that€he€could€beat€Sharkley.€€SharkleyÐ ”ä Ðreported€that€the€Defendant€then€choked€her,€beat€her€about€the€head,€pulled€out€her€hair,€and€left.€Ð €Ð ÐThe€officer€testified€that€she€observed€a€mark€on€the€victimððs€forehead€and€ð ðobvious€choke€marksÐ l¼ Ðaround€her€neck.ðð€€Humes€testified€that€although€it€is€customary€to€photograph€victims€who€displayÐ X ¨ Ðvisible€signs€of€violence,€no€photographs€were€taken€in€this€case.€€Humes€explained€that€such€marksÐ D!” Ðdo€not€show€up€well€in€photographs€of€someone€who€has€dark€skin.€€She€also€testified€that€the€victimÐ 0"€  Ðdeclined€Humesðð€suggestion€that€she€obtain€medical€treatment.€€Ð #l! ÐÌà  àOfficer€Humes€testified€that€the€Defendant€was€not€arrested€that€evening.€€Humes€noted€thatÐ ô$D # Ðan€arrest€report€stated€that€the€Defendant€was€arrested€on€the€Sharkley€charges€in€€October€1999€andÐ à%0!$ Ðthat€she€was€not€the€arresting€officer.€€Humes€testified€that€she€had€an€encounter€with€the€DefendantÐ Ì&"% Ðon€a€prior€occasion,€in€1998€or€early€1999,€when€she€witnessed€the€Defendant€in€possession€of€aÐ ¸'#& Ðstolen€weapon.€€Humes€also€related€knowledge€of€an€occasion€when€the€Defendant€was€taken€intoÐ ¤(ô#' Ðcustody€as€he€fled€from€a€residence€in€which€a€weapon€was€found€immediately€afterward.€€SheÐ )à$( Ðrecalled€another€incident€where€the€Defendant€had€shot€a€victim€in€the€leg€on€Blakemore€Street,€andÐ |*Ì%) Ðshe€stated€that€the€Defendant€had€been€convicted€of€aggravated€assault.€€Humes€testified€that€she€wasÐ h+¸&* Ðnot€personally€involved€in€the€latter€two€incidents,€but€relied€on€information€received€from€others.€Ð ° ÐFollowing€Humesðð€testimony,€the€State€introduced€into€evidence€certified€copies€of€the€DefendantððsÐ œì Ðprior€convictions€for€aggravated€assault€and€for€possession€of€over€0.5€grams€of€cocaine€with€intentÐ ˆØ Ðto€sell.Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àMichelle€Thurman,€the€Defendantððs€adoptive€mother,€testified€that€she€had€known€and€caredÐ L œ Ðfor€the€Defendant€since€he€was€three€months€old.€€She€testified€that€since€the€Defendant€had€been€inÐ 8 ˆ Ðjail,€he€seemed€like€a€different€person€because€he€had€calmed€down€a€lot€and€ð ðtalked€better.ðð€Ð $ t ÐThurman€also€testified€that€she€was€aware€that€the€Defendant€was€working€on€his€G.E.D.€€SheÐ  ` Ðbelieved€he€could€turn€his€life€around.€€Thurman€stated€she€wanted€the€Defendant€to€come€home.Ð ü L  ÐHelen€Morehead,€the€Defendantððs€legal€grandmother€who€raised€him,€expressed€her€hope€that€theÐ è 8  ÐDefendant€would€be€able€to€come€home€soon.€€Morehead€testified€that€the€Defendant,€if€given€theÐ Ô$  Ðchance,€could€become€a€productive€citizen.€€Ð À  ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€testified€that€he€had€readily€admitted€his€involvement€in€the€crimes€to€whichÐ ˜è  Ðhe€was€pleading€guilty.€€He€maintained€that€he€committed€the€crimes€because€of€stress€and€becauseÐ „Ô  Ðhe€was€involved€with€drugs.€€The€Defendant€stated€that€he€had€been€in€trouble€of€one€kind€or€anotherÐ pÀ Ðsince€he€got€involved€with€drugs€at€the€age€of€sixteen€or€seventeen.€€He€also€said€that€he€sometimes€Ð \¬ Ðgot€into€trouble€because€someone€else€provoked€it.€€The€Defendant€testified€that€he€had€served€eightÐ H˜ Ðmonths€of€a€five„year€sentence€for€probation€violations.€€He€testified€that€since€becomingÐ 4„ Ðincarcerated,€he€had€tried€to€ð ðturn€his€life€aroundðð€by€enrolling€in€anger€management€classes.€€HeÐ  p Ðstated€that€he€was€working€toward€his€G.E.D.€in€prison,€having€been€expelled€from€Gallatin€HighÐ  \ ÐSchool.€€The€Defendant€explained€that€he€looked€forward€to€sending€a€picture€of€himself€graduatingÐ øH Ðto€his€mother€when€he€completed€his€G.E.D.€€He€also€confirmed€that€he€had€signed€up€for€drug€andÐ ä4 Ðalcohol€classes,€but€had€been€placed€on€a€waiting€list.€€He€testified€that€his€experience€in€theÐ Ð  Ðpenitentiary€system€made€him€want€to€change€and€return€home€to€his€family.€€When€asked€if€he€wasÐ ¼  Ðsorry€for€everything€he€had€done,€the€Defendant€said,€ð ðYes,€I€regret€everything.ðð€€Ð ¨ø ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€maintained€that€he€never€assaulted€Fitts€with€a€gun.€€He€testified€that€sheÐ €Ð Ðmade€the€claim€about€the€gun€because€she€was€angry€that€he€had€ð ðmessedðð€with€a€lot€of€women.€€HeÐ l¼ Ðstated€he€had€three€children,€ages€four,€two,€and€one,€and€that€he€did€not€want€his€children€to€growÐ X ¨ Ðup€knowing€he€is€in€prison.€€He€testified€that€after€he€stopped€using€drugs,€he€gained€weight€andÐ D!” Ðcould€think€better€than€he€could€when€he€was€on€drugs.€€He€also€testified€that€he€wanted€anÐ 0"€  Ðopportunity€to€become€a€productive€citizen.€€The€Defendant€stated€he€was€not€married€and€that€eachÐ #l! Ðof€his€three€children€had€a€different€mother.€€He€testified€that€none€of€his€children€lived€with€him€andÐ $X" Ðthat€he€had€not€supported€them€financially.€€He€stated€that€he€was€expelled€from€Gallatin€HighÐ ô$D # ÐSchool€for€ð ðfights€and€all€kind€of€things.ðð€€€However,€he€claimed€that€blame€was€cast€on€him,€withoutÐ à%0!$ Ðinvestigation,€for€a€number€of€altercations€at€school.€€Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àRegarding€his€employment€history,€the€Defendant€testified€that€he€worked€for€a€period€ofÐ ¤(ô#' Ðtime€at€Duncanððs€Diner€as€a€dishwasher€until€the€restaurant€closed€in€1996€and€that€he€then€workedÐ )à$( Ðfor€Williamððs€Disposal€for€five€months€in€1998.€€He€testified€that€his€only€other€means€of€supportÐ |*Ì%) Ðsince€leaving€high€school€was€selling€drugs€and€that€he€supported€himself€by€selling€drugs€from€1996Ð h+¸&* Ðuntil€his€arrest,€a€period€of€three€to€four€years.€€The€Defendant€stated€that€he€sold€cocaine€andÐ ° Ðmarijuana,€but€he€maintained€that€he€did€not€sell€pills€or€other€drugs.€€He€testified€that€he€got€hisÐ œì Ðdrugs€from€two€sources€and€that€he€sold€drugs€to€the€same€fifteen€people€during€the€entire€period.€Ð ˆØ ÐThe€Defendant€admitted€that€he€knew€that€selling€drugs€could€kill€people,€but€he€stated€that€at€theÐ tÄ Ðtime€he€was€doing€it,€he€cared€only€about€the€money.€€He€stated€that€he€made€between€$600€andÐ `° Ð$1,000€per€week€and€that€he€had€never€reported€the€income€to€the€Internal€Revenue€Service.€€Ð L œ ÐÌà  àRegarding€his€prior€record,€the€Defendant€admitted€that€in€July€1998,€he€was€convicted€ofÐ $ t Ðdriving€on€a€suspended€license,€possession€of€a€9„millimeter€weapon€with€intent€to€go€armed,€andÐ  ` Ðpossession€of€drugs.€€He€confirmed€that€he€was€placed€on€probation€for€those€convictions.€€TheÐ ü L  ÐDefendant€also€confirmed€that,€while€he€was€still€on€probation,€he€pled€guilty€to€shooting€MarkÐ è 8  ÐVincent€in€the€leg€on€September€26,€1998.€€However,€at€the€hearing,€the€Defendant€claimed€that€heÐ Ô$  Ðdid€not€have€a€weapon€that€day,€that€he€did€not€know€how€the€victim€got€shot,€and€that€he€pled€guiltyÐ À  Ðonly€because€he€ð ðdidnððt€know€the€systemðð€and€ð ðjust€took€anything€to€get€out€on€the€street€as€soon€asÐ ¬ü  Ð[he]€could.ðð€€The€Defendant€explained,€ð ðIf€I€knew€better,€I€would€have€tried€to€beat€it.ðð€€TheÐ ˜è  ÐDefendant€also€admitted€that€on€November€1,€1998,€while€still€on€probation,€he€was€caught€with€2.5Ð „Ô  Ðgrams€of€cocaine€in€his€pocket,€and€he€stated€he€was€also€smoking€marijuana€at€the€time€of€his€arrest.€Ð pÀ ÐHe€confirmed€that€he€pled€guilty€on€March€15,€1999,€after€serving€four€months€in€jail,€and€receivedÐ \¬ Ðfive€yearsðð€probation.€€Furthermore,€he€confirmed€that€two€days€later,€on€March€17,€1999,€he€violatedÐ H˜ Ðhis€probation€by€testing€positive€for€cocaine€and€marijuana.€€Finally,€he€confirmed€that€he€was€onÐ 4„ Ðprobation€when€he€committed€the€present€offenses.€€Ð  p ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€testified€regarding€the€assault€on€Sharkley€as€follows:€ð ðI€went€over.€€I€askedÐ øH Ðfor€her€pager,€like€they€said.€€We€had€words,€you€know.€€She€struck€me,€so€I€just€grabbed€her€by€theÐ ä4 Ðface€and€pushed€her€away€on€the€couch.€€She€come€up€swinging.€€I€pushed€her€down€by€her€faceÐ Ð  Ðagain€just€to€keep€her€from€hitting€me.€€And€my€ride€came€back€and€I€ran€up€out€of€the€house€andÐ ¼  Ðleft.ðð€€The€Defendant€also€testified€that€he€briefly€saw€Satonya€Fitts€on€June€5,€1999.€€He€confirmedÐ ¨ø Ðthat€she€was€sixteen€years€old€and€eight€months€pregnant€at€the€time,€but€denied€that€they€had€anÐ ”ä Ðaltercation.€€The€Defendant€guessed€that€he€had€angered€her€when€he€struck€Sharkley.€€TheÐ €Ð ÐDefendant€then€testified€that€on€August€31,€1999,€he€assaulted€another€former€girlfriend,€Bittis.€€HeÐ l¼ Ðsaid,Ð X ¨ Ðà8  à[Ô_ÔS]heÔ_Ô€stopped€on€the€street€and€she€came€to€me.€€We€talked€for€a€minute,€and€theÐ D!” Ðconversation€got€heated€up€so€it€turned€into€an€argument.€€So€I€put€my€hands€on€her.Ð 0"€  Ð.€.€.€€I€grabbed€her€and€she€struggled€away€from€me€and€thumped€a€cigarette€and€itÐ #l! Ðburned€my€face.€€So,€you€know,€I€grabbed€her€again€and€she€swung€and€hit€me€withÐ $X" Ðher€fist€in€my€mouth.€€So€I€picked€her€up,€but€I€didnððt€body€slam€her.€€I€just€laid€herÐ ô$D # Ðdown€in€the€ditch€and€held€her€where€she€couldnððt€swing€at€me.€€And€she€was€justÐ à%0!$ Ðkicking€me€and€I€let€her€go€in€the€ditch.€.€.€.€€I€did€drop€her€but€I€never€slammed€her.ÐÌ&"%Ð Ð  ÐLastly,€the€Defendant€testified€that€he€knew€he€had€a€severe€problem,€but€maintained€that€he€did€notÐ ¸'#& Ðbelieve€he€was€a€menace€to€society.€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌò òà@yy$ìàó óII.€€ANALYSISˆÐ |*Ì%) ÐÓ XÓÐ h+¸&* ÐThe€Defendant€pled€guilty€to€one€count€of€selling€less€than€0.5€grams€of€cocaine,€a€Class€CÐ ° Ðfelony,€for€which€he€was€sentenced€to€ten€years€incarceration.€€The€Defendant€also€pled€guilty€toÐ œì Ðthree€counts€of€domestic€assault,€a€Class€A€misdemeanor,€and€the€trial€court€sentenced€him€to€elevenÐ ˆØ Ðmonths€and€twenty„nine€days€for€each€of€the€assault€convictions.€€The€Defendant€now€challenges€theÐ tÄ Ðlength€and€manner€of€service€of€his€sentence,€raising€three€issues€on€appeal.€€First,€the€DefendantÐ `° Ðasserts€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€failing€to€apply€mitigating€factors€and€in€its€application€ofÐ L œ Ðenhancement€factors.€€In€addition,€the€Defendant€asserts€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€refusing€toÐ 8 ˆ Ðconsider€alternatives€to€incarceration€in€sentencing€him.Ð $ t ÐÐ  ` ÐÔ_ÔÔ#†XYXX XY* #Ôò òó óÔ‡ XYXXXYÔWhenÔ_Ô€a€criminal€defendant€challenges€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€service€of€a€sentence,Ð ü L  Ðthe€reviewing€court€must€conduct€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€of€the€sentence€with€a€presumption€that€theÐ è 8  Ðdeterminations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€€ThisÐ Ô$  Ðpresumption,€however,€ð ðis€conditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showing€in€the€record€that€the€trial€courtÐ À  Ðconsidered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.ðð€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823Ð ¬ü  ÐS.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€In€the€event€that€the€record€fails€to€show€such€consideration,€theÐ ˜è  Ðreview€of€the€sentence€is€purely€òòdeóó€òònovoóó.€€òòState€v.€Sheltonóó,€854€S.W.2d€116,€123€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð „Ô  Ð1992).Ð pÀ ÐÐ \¬ ÐIn€making€its€sentencing€determination,€the€trial€court,€at€the€conclusion€of€the€sentencingÐ H˜ Ðhearing,€determines€the€range€of€sentence€and€then€determines€the€specific€sentence€and€the€proprietyÐ 4„ Ðof€sentencing€alternatives€by€considering€(1)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€and€theÐ  p Ðsentencing€hearing,€(2)€the€presentence€report,€(3)€the€principles€of€sentencing€and€arguments€as€toÐ  \ Ðsentencing€alternatives,€(4)€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€the€criminal€conduct€involved,€(5)Ð øH Ðevidence€and€information€offered€by€the€parties€on€the€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors,€(6)€anyÐ ä4 Ðstatements€the€defendant€wishes€to€make€in€the€defendant's€behalf€about€sentencing,€and€(7)€theÐ Ð  Ðpotential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„210(a),€(b),€„103(5);€òòState€v.Ð ¼  ÐWilliamsóó,€920€S.W.2d€247,€258€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).Ð ¨ø ÐÐ ”ä ÐThe€presumptive€sentence€to€be€imposed€by€the€trial€court€for€a€Class€B,€C,€D€or€E€felony€isÐ €Ð Ðthe€minimum€within€the€applicable€range€unless€there€are€enhancement€or€mitigating€factors€present.€Ð l¼ ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(c).€€If€there€are€enhancement€or€mitigating€factors,€the€court€must€startÐ X ¨ Ðat€the€presumptive€sentence,€enhance€the€sentence€as€appropriate€for€the€enhancement€factors,€andÐ D!” Ðthen€reduce€the€sentence€in€the€range€as€appropriate€for€the€mitigating€factors.€€òòId.óó€ðð€40„35„210(e).€Ð 0"€  ÐThe€weight€to€be€given€each€factor€is€left€to€the€discretion€of€the€trial€judge.€€òòSheltonóó,€854€S.W.2dÐ #l! Ðat€123.€€However,€the€sentence€must€be€adequately€supported€by€the€record€and€comply€with€theÐ $X" Ðpurposes€and€principles€of€the€1989€Sentencing€Reform€Act.€€òòState€v.€Mossóó,€727€S.W.2d€229,€237Ð ô$D # Ð(Tenn.€1986).Ô#†XYXX XYZ#ÔÔ‡ XYXXXYÔÐ à%0!$ ÐÐ Ì&"% ÐWhen€imposing€a€sentence,€the€trial€court€must€make€specific€findings€of€fact€on€the€recordÐ ¸'#& Ðsupporting€the€sentence.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„209(c).€€The€record€should€also€include€anyÐ ¤(ô#' Ðenhancement€or€mitigating€factors€applied€by€the€trial€court.€€òòId.óó€ðð€40„35„210(f).€€Thus,€if€the€trialÐ )à$( Ðcourt€wishes€to€enhance€a€sentence,€the€court€must€state€its€reasons€on€the€record.€€The€purpose€ofÐ |*Ì%) Ðrecording€the€courtððs€reasoning€is€to€guarantee€the€preparation€of€a€proper€record€for€appellateÐ h+¸&* Ðreview.€€òòState€v.€Ervinóó,€939€S.W.2d€581,€584€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996).€€On€appeal,€the€defendantÐ ° Ðbears€the€burden€of€showing€the€impropriety€of€the€sentence€imposed.€€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€169.Ð œì ÐÐ ˆØ ÐÔ#†XYXX XYèe#ÔÔ‡ XYXXXYÔà@55 ìàA.€LENGTH€OF€SENTENCEˆÐ tÄ ÐÐ `° ÐThe€Defendant€alleges€that€the€trial€court€erred€because€it€refused€to€find€any€mitigatingÐ L œ Ðfactors€despite€the€evidence€presented.€€The€mitigating€factors€that€the€Defendant€contends€the€trialÐ 8 ˆ Ðcourt€should€have€applied€are€not€among€the€statutorily€defined€mitigating€factors€set€out€inÐ $ t ÐTennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€40„35„113.€€Rather,€they€are€mitigating€factors€that€have€beenÐ  ` Ðrecognized€in€other€cases€under€a€catch„all€subsection€which€includes€ð ð[Ô_Ôa]nyÔ_Ô€other€factor€consistentÐ ü L  Ðwith€the€purposes€of€this€chapter.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ô-  ÔððÔ-  Ô€40„35„113(13).Ð è 8  ÐÐ Ô$  ÐSpecifically,€the€Defendant€alleges€that€the€court€should€have€found€his€ð ðfreeðð€admission€ofÐ À  Ðguilt€as€a€mitigating€factor.€€The€Defendant€relies€on€òòState€v.€Butleróó,€900€S.W.2d€305€(Tenn.€CrimÐ ¬ü  ÐApp.€1994),€to€support€the€proposition€that€the€admission€of€guilt€is€a€mitigating€factor.€€In€òòButleróó,Ð ˜è  Ðthe€defendant€voluntarily€came€forward€and€confessed€his€guilt,€and€the€court€noted€that€the€caseÐ „Ô  Ðwould€not€have€been€solved€if€the€defendant€had€not€come€forward.€€òòButleróó,€900€S.W.2d€at€314.€€ThisÐ pÀ Ðcase€is€distinguishable€from€òòButleróó,€because,€in€the€instant€case,€the€Defendantððs€guilt€could€still€haveÐ \¬ Ðbeen€proven€without€the€admission.€€Moreover,€the€Defendant€did€not€confess€his€guilt€until€after€heÐ H˜ Ðhad€been€caught.€€The€Defendant€was€arrested€on€the€drug€charge€when€he€sold€the€cocaine€to€anÐ 4„ Ðundercover€agent.€€With€regard€to€the€three€assaults,€the€Defendant€was€not€arrested€until€OctoberÐ  p Ð1999,€four€months€after€the€first€two€offenses€and€nearly€two€months€after€the€last€assault.Ð  \ ÐÐ øH ÐAdditionally,€the€record€clearly€shows€that€the€trial€court€did€consider€the€Defendantððs€ð ðfreeððÐ ä4 Ðadmission€of€guilt€and€rejected€it€as€a€mitigating€factor.€€The€court€found€that€the€Defendant€refusedÐ Ð  Ðto€take€responsibility€for€his€actions.€€€At€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€Defendant€testified€that€ð ðstressÐ ¼  Ðand€drugsðð€made€him€commit€the€crimes.€€€He€testified€that€Ô_ÔSharkleyÔ_Ô€had€attacked€him€first€and€thatÐ ¨ø Ðhe€had€acted€in€self„defense.€€He€also€testified€that€Ô_ÔBittisÔ_Ô€attacked€him,€and€he€stated€that€he€droppedÐ ”ä Ðher€in€the€ditch€to€prevent€her€from€hitting€him.€€In€addition,€the€Defendant,€while€pleading€guiltyÐ €Ð Ðto€the€charge€of€domestic€assault€against€Ô_ÔFittsÔ_Ô,€did€not€plead€guilty€to€attempted€first€degree€murder,Ð l¼ Ðthe€original€charge,€and€still€maintains€that€he€did€not€have€an€altercation€with€Ô_ÔFittsÔ_Ô,€even€though€heÐ X ¨ Ðpled€guilty€to€the€reduced€charge.€€Consequently,€we€find€no€error€in€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€theÐ D!” ÐDefendantððs€admission€of€guilt€was€not€a€mitigating€factor€in€this€case.Ð 0"€  ÐÐ #l! ÐThe€Defendant€next€alleges€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€not€finding€the€DefendantððsÐ $X" Ðexpression€of€remorse€as€a€mitigating€factor.€€Genuine,€sincere€remorse€is€a€proper€basis€upon€whichÐ ô$D # Ðto€mitigate€a€defendantððs€sentence.€€òòState€v.€Williamsonóó,€919€S.W.2d€69,€83€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð à%0!$ Ð1995).€€However,€ð ðthe€mere€speaking€of€remorseful€words€or€a€genuflection€in€the€direction€ofÐ Ì&"% Ðremorse€will€not€earn€an€accused€a€sentence€reduction.ðð€€òòId.óó€€The€Defendant€relies€on€òòState€v.Ð ¸'#& ÐAntonio€Coachóó,€No.€02C01„9805„CC„00160,€1999€Tenn.€Crim.€App.€LEXIS€279€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,Ð ¤(ô#' ÐJackson,€Mar.€25,€1999),€to€support€the€proposition€that€remorse€is€a€mitigating€factor€in€TennesseeÐ )à$( Ðâ âcriminal€jurisprudence.€€While€the€òòCoachóó€court€did€mention€in€passing€that€remorse€may€be€used€asÐ |*Ì%) Ða€mitigating€factor,€it€failed€to€conclude€that€the€defendant€qualified€for€a€sentence€reduction€becauseÐ ° Ðof€mere€remorseful€words.€òòId.óó€at€*8„9.Ð œì Ðâ âÐ ˆØ ÐNothing€in€the€record€suggests€that€the€Defendantððs€statements€demonstrated€genuineÐ tÄ Ðremorse.€€The€Defendantððs€expression€of€remorse€was€perfunctory€and€non„specific.€€At€theÐ `° Ðsentencing€hearing,€he€was€asked,€ð ðAre€you€sorry€for€what€youððve€done?ðð€€The€Defendant€replied,Ð L œ Ðð ðYes,€I€regret€everything.ðð€€The€Defendant€gave€the€overall€impression€to€the€court€that€he€did€notÐ 8 ˆ Ðtake€responsibility€for€his€actions€and€that€his€remorse€was,€therefore,€not€genuine.€Ô#†XYXX XY¶i#ÔÔ‡ XYXXXYÔÐ $ t ÐÐ  ` ÐThe€Defendant€also€alleges€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€its€application€of€enhancement€factors.Ð ü L  ÐThe€trial€court€in€this€case€found€that€enhancement€factor€(1)€Ô-  Ô€applied.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„Ð è 8  Ð35„114(1).€€That€factor€is€a€history€of€prior€convictions€and€a€history€of€criminal€convictions€orÐ Ô$  Ðcriminal€behavior€in€addition€to€those€necessary€to€establish€the€range.€€The€court€also€foundÐ À  ÐTennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€40„35„114(8)€applicable,€namely,€the€Defendantððs€previous€history€ofÐ ¬ü  Ðunwillingness€to€comply€with€a€sentence€involving€release€into€the€community,€as€evidenced€by€theÐ ˜è  ÐDefendantððs€prior€probation€violations.€€Finally,€the€court€found€that€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ððÐ „Ô  Ð40„35„114(13)€was€applicable,€in€that€the€present€felony€was€committed€while€the€Defendant€wasÐ pÀ Ðon€probation.€€The€court€concluded€that€these€three€factors€justified€enhancing€the€sentence€to€tenÐ \¬ Ðyears.€€The€weight€to€be€given€to€both€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€is€left€to€the€soundÐ H˜ Ðdiscretion€of€the€sentencing€judge.€€òòState€v.€Alexanderóó,€957€S.W.2d€1,€5€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1997).€Ð 4„ ÐThe€record€supports€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€these€three€enhancement€factors€applied.€€The€trialÐ  p Ðcourt€properly€noted€that€ð ðthe€Defendant€has€a€previous€history€of€unwillingness€to€comply€withÐ  \ Ðsentencing€involving€release€into€the€community.€€[The€Defendant]€has€been€twice€on€probation€andÐ øH Ðpicked€up€charges,€[and]€continues€to€use€drugs€while€.€.€.€on€a€community„based€sentence.€€He€justÐ ä4 Ðdoesnððt€appear€to€take€seriously€his€obligation€to€the€criminal€system.ðð€€The€record€also€supports€theÐ Ð  Ðtrial€courtððs€determination€that€the€Defendant€is€ð ða€danger€to€society€and€someone€from€whom€weÐ ¼  Ðneed€protection.ðð€€Ô#†XYXX XY>~#ÔÔ‡ XYXXXYÔWe€find€no€abuse€of€discretion€by€the€trial€court€in€enhancing€the€sentence€to€tenÐ ¨ø Ðyears,€the€maximum€sentence€within€the€appropriate€range.€€Ð ”ä ÐÐ €Ð Ðà@==ìàB.€ALTERNATIVE€SENTENCINGˆÐ l¼ ÐÐ X ¨ ÐÔ-  ÔÓ XÓà  àFinally,€the€Defendant€alleges€the€trial€court€erred€by€refusing€to€consider€alternatives€toÐ D!” Ðincarceration€in€sentencing€the€Defendant.Ô#†XYXX XYц#ÔÔ‡XYXXXYÔ€Ô#†XYXXXYöˆ#Ôò òó ó€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€40„35„102(5)€provides€asÐ 0"€  Ðfollows:€Ð #l! Ðà8  àà ` àIn€recognition€that€state€prison€capacities€and€the€funds€to€build€and€maintainÐ $X" Ðthem€are€limited,€convicted€felons€committing€the€most€severe€offenses,€possessingÐ ô$D # Ðcriminal€histories€evincing€a€clear€disregard€for€the€laws€and€morals€of€society,€andÐ à%0!$ Ðevincing€failure€of€past€efforts€at€rehabilitation€shall€be€given€first€priority€regardingÐ Ì&"% Ðsentencing€involving€incarceration€.€.€.€.€Ð¸'#&Ð Ð  ÐA€defendant€who€does€not€fall€within€this€class€of€offenders€ð ðand€who€is€an€especially€mitigatedÐ ¤(ô#' Ðoffender€or€standard€offender€convicted€of€a€Class€C,€D,€or€E€felony€is€presumed€to€be€a€favorableÐ )à$( Ðcandidate€for€alternative€sentencing€options€in€the€absence€of€evidence€to€the€contrary.ðð€€Tenn.€CodeÐ |*Ì%) ÐAnn.€ðð€40„35„102(6).€€Furthermore,€unless€sufficient€evidence€rebuts€the€presumption,€ð ð[t]he€trialÐ h+¸&* Ðcourt€must€presume€that€a€defendant€sentenced€to€eight€years€or€less€and€not€an€offender€for€whomÐ ° Ðincarceration€is€a€priority€is€subject€to€alternative€sentencing€and€that€a€sentence€other€thanÐ œì Ðincarceration€would€result€in€successful€rehabilitation€.€.€.€.ðð€€òòState€v.€Byrdóó,€861€S.W.2d€377,€379„80Ð ˆØ Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„303(a).€Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àHowever,€all€offenders€who€meet€the€criteria€are€not€entitled€to€relief;€instead,€sentencingÐ L œ Ðissues€must€be€determined€by€the€facts€and€circumstances€of€each€case.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Tayloróó,€744Ð 8 ˆ ÐS.W.2d€919,€922€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987)€(citing€òòMossóó,€727€S.W.2d€at€235).€€Even€if€a€defendantÐ $ t Ðis€presumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing€under€Tennessee€Code€AnnotatedÐ  ` Ððð€40„35„102(6),€the€statutory€presumption€of€an€alternative€sentence€may€be€overcome€ifÐ ü L  Ðà8  àà ` à(A)€[Ô_Ôc]onfinementÔ_Ô€is€necessary€to€protect€society€by€restraining€a€defendantÐ è 8  Ðwho€has€a€long€history€of€criminal€conduct;ÐÔ$ Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(B)€[Ô_Ôc]onfinementÔ_Ô€is€necessary€to€avoid€depreciating€the€seriousness€of€theÐ À  Ðoffense€or€confinement€is€particularly€suited€to€provide€an€effective€deterrence€toÐ ¬ü  Ðothers€likely€to€commit€similar€offenses;€orИè Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(C)€[Ô_Ôm]easuresÔ_Ô€less€restrictive€than€confinement€have€frequently€or€recentlyÐ „Ô  Ðbeen€applied€unsuccessfully€to€the€defendant€.€.€.€.ÐpÀÐ Ð  ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„103(1)(A)„(C).€€In€choosing€among€possible€sentencing€alternatives,€theÐ \¬ Ðtrial€court€should€also€consider€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€40„35„103(5),€which€states,€in€pertinentÐ H˜ Ðpart,€ð ðThe€potential€or€lack€of€potential€for€the€rehabilitation€or€treatment€of€the€defendant€shouldÐ 4„ Ðbe€considered€in€determining€the€sentence€alternative€or€length€of€a€term€to€be€imposed.ðð€€òòId.óó€ðð€40„Ð  p Ð35„103(5);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòState€v.€Dowdyóó,€894€S.W.2d€301,€305€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).Ô‡ XYXXXYÔÐ  \ Ðà  àÌà  àThe€Defendant€misstates€the€law€in€contending€that€a€multiple€offender€convicted€of€a€ClassÐ ä4 ÐC€felony€is€presumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€for€alternative€sentencing€options€under€TennesseeÐ Ð  ÐCode€Annotated€Ô-  ÔððÔ-  Ô€40„35„102(6).€€It€is,€rather,€the€especially€mitigated€or€standard€offender€who€isÐ ¼  Ðpresumed€to€be€a€favorable€candidate€for€such€sentencing€considerations.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ ¨ø Ð40„30„102(6).€Ð ”ä ÐÌà  àFurthermore,€at€the€conclusion€of€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€noted€that€theÐ l¼ ÐDefendant€was€a€twenty„one„year„old€man€who€had€two€prior€felony€convictions€and€numerousÐ X ¨ Ðmisdemeanors€convictions,€which€concerned€the€court€because€the€Defendantððs€prior€offensesÐ D!” Ðinvolved€drugs€and€weapons.€€The€court€also€noted€that€the€Defendant€had€a€poor€social€history€andÐ 0"€  Ða€history€of€violence.€€The€court€determined€that€the€Defendant€was€a€danger€to€society€and€that€heÐ #l! Ðwas€someone€from€whom€society€needed€protection.€€The€trial€court€found€that€the€Defendant€hadÐ $X" Ðnot€assumed€responsibility€for€his€actions€because€he€maintained€that€each€of€his€assaults€was,€inÐ ô$D # Ðsome€measure,€self„defense.Ô#†XYXX XY;—#ÔÔ‡ XYXXXYÔ€€We€conclude€that€the€record€supports€these€findings€by€the€trial€court.Ð à%0!$ Ðà  àÌà  àThe€record€in€this€case€indicates€that€the€trial€court€adequately€considered€the€enhancementÐ ¸'#& Ðand€mitigating€factors€as€well€as€the€underlying€facts.€€Our€review€also€reflects€that€the€trial€courtÐ ¤(ô#' Ðfollowed€the€statutory€sentencing€procedure,€that€the€court€imposed€a€lawful€sentence€after€havingÐ )à$( Ðâ âgiven€due€consideration€and€proper€weight€to€the€factors€and€principles€set€out€under€the€sentencingÐ |*Ì%) Ðlaw,€and€that€the€trial€courtððs€findings€of€fact€are€adequately€supported€by€the€record.€€We€find€thatÐ ° Ðthe€Defendant€has€not€met€his€burden€of€showing€any€impropriety€in€the€sentence€imposed.€€Ð œì Ðâ âÌà  àAccordingly,€the€sentence€imposed€by€the€trial€court€is€AFFIRMED.Ð tÄ ÐòòóóÔ#†XYXX XY#ÔÌÌÌà0  àà0` (#(#àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#àà0Àh(#h(#àà  àà p àà È àà  àà x àà Ð àà @Ð à¼___________________________________€Ð `À(#À(# Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àROBERT€W.€WEDEMEYER,€JUDGE