WPC6 ~m䣿AFϋP栥8FJF.䇿PiUFͳUf!Z<ɡ%5b-/q Xbg3R טA`ĭ W+Ek>XaYYLh 0SZR @<+y1LTv@{d x3 +_&rqtfYCz]%J.? w_ZJ-x༜fo'BxTּ8Qƒ_hdOM2`V4_ ^{.q`*&xΘWޏf-;F}] **~W%;1R> ߓrqP6l/SOu!iaI^ /ڢmiR+,Ͳ/}#I|^g忦C)^n)=Sĺ}8 DW#.n:6.lFOuh@xt^i&:}df lN3.2a ";k % N 0 UNb  z F zNd 0DfU> zb(zNLNNNN zPEN zN zhN:::: z<Nb z N zZN,,, z.Nzzz z|N zDN   z  Nd!d!d! zf!!N""" 0" z#$N$ B$$ 0 % D5% D-% 0K&& AS[&& 0t' 0D( A\( z))NS*S*S* zU**N+++ z+,N,,, z,k-N=.=.=. z?..N/// z/0N000 z0U1N'2'2'2 z)22^ u3w34333 m3U@3#4(`$.8dd8    ("  Z6Times New Roman Regular  R2F$      1  l  _ԀWenotethattheStatearguablyprovedthattheappellantcommittedrobberybyplacingKernsinfear.XgXl#lXXg#See  Tenn.CodeAnn.3914103.However,theindictmentchargingtheappellantwithrobberysolelyallegedthatthe q appellantcommittedrobberybyviolence.C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt(#$  0  \  `&Times New RomanC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5C:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt$C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt*C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt- -0C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt5C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt:C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt?C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptDC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptIC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptNC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt(|G22F$ !.8dd8         0  lTC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt d(|37$ !.8dd8     VVVV)!dxdx)!dxdx( $ Figure  1  ^_X`YE<<CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|37$ !.8dd8     ($$   1  X[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8C HKKKKcC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpthC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptmC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptrC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptwC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt|C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptC:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt/ ~/\P:i+003|xU(9 Z(Times New Roman \\IB01S02\CLERKJAC,,,,0 !.8dd8     __   8gXXdd8@hh&~INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @%ATJACKSON#&~#Ԉ #    @  @` AssignedonBriefsAugust5,2003 F XgX #XXg-#STATEOFTENNESSEEv.TITUSCHAMPIONXgX  ? @@ DirectAppealfromtheCircuitCourtforGibsonCounty  9 @@No.7136_Clayburn_Ԁ_Peeples_,Judge  # @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.W200202829CCAR3CDFiledDecember15,_2003_   AV) ` dE<]` A ^     Theappellant,TitusChampion,wasconvictedofrobberypursuanttoabenchtrialintheGibson V  CountyCircuitCourt.ThetrialcourtsentencedtheappellantasaRangeIImultipleoffendertosix ? yearsincarcerationintheTennesseeDepartmentofCorrection.Onappeal,theappellantcontends (x thattheStatedidnotprovetheelementofviolenceaswasallegedintheindictmentchargingthe a appellantwithrobbery.Findingtheappellantsargumenttohavemerit,wemodifyhisconviction J forrobberytoaconvictionfortheftunder$500andremandtothetrialcourtforsentencing. 3  Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentoftheCircuitCourtisModifiedand  Remanded.     #Xg#XgX.NormaMcGeeOgle,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichThomasT._Woodall_and r RobertW._Wedemeyer_,JJ.,joined. [ _Periann_ԀS.Houghton,Trenton,Tennessee,fortheappellant,TitusChampion. -} PaulG.Summers,AttorneyGeneralandReporter;BradenH._Boucek_,AssistantAttorneyGeneral; O GarryBrown,DistrictAttorneyGeneral;andEdwardL._Hardister_,AssistantDistrictAttorney  8  General,fortheappellee,StateofTennessee. !!! @@OO& OPINION #XXg#XgX ## #XXg #  XgX@ I.FactualBackground  v% %   OnJanuary28,2002,theGibsonCountyGrandJuryreturnedanindictmentchargingthe I'"' appellantwithrobberyby unlawfully,knowinglyandbyviolenceobtainingcashfromthevictim, 2(#( DonnaKerns.AbenchtrialonthischargewasheldintheGibsonCountyCircuitCourtonJune24, )k$) 2002. *T%*   Attrial,DonnaKernstestifiedthatonthedayoftheoffenseshewasworkingasaSpecial +&', Agentforthe30thJudicialDistrictDrugTaskForce.Atapproximately5:30p.m.onOctober30, ,(- 2001,Kerns,whowasworkingundercover,accompaniedafemaleconfidentialinformant tothe -(. _areaofFrontandVineinordertopurchasecrackcocaine.Kernsdrovetotheareawhichwas  knownfordrugactivity.Immediatelyuponarrival,thetwowomenwere wavedoverbyseveral  people.Anindividualapproachedthefrontpassengersidewindowofthevehicleandbegan  conversingwiththeconfidentialinformant.Meanwhile,theappellantapproachedthedrivers k windowandengagedKernsinconversation. T   TheappellantshowedKernsasmallamountof whitishrockthat,duetoherexperience & v asapoliceofficer,Kernsbelievedtobecrackcocaine.Kernsheld$200inonehandandinformed  _ theappellantthatshewantedtopurchase$100worthofcrackcocaine.Theappellantagain  H displayedthecrackcocaine.Kernsadvisedtheappellantthatshewouldnotpay$100forthesmall  1  amountofcrackcocainetheappellantpossessed.However,Kernsofferedtheappellant$50forthe    crackcocaine.     Kernstestifiedthattheappellant wasveryinterestedinthemoneythatsheheldinher   hand.Therefore,whenKernsbegancountingthecashforthepurchaseofthecrackcocaine,she n  movedtowardthecenterofthecartoavoidtheappellantsreach.Theappellantrepeatedly W  attemptedtograbthecashinKernshand.Kernsinformedtheappellantthathewouldhavetowait @ untilshecountedthecorrectamountofcash. )y   Kernsstatedthattheappellantthen reachedinand!withonehandandgrabbedmyhand K andtookthemoneywiththeotherhandandran.Kernselaborated,explainingthat Itookouttwo 4 twentiesandatenwiththishandandIputtheothermoney!justbecause!hewasawfullyantsy,  ifyouknowwhatImean,andItuckeditundermyleglikeandthenbeforeIcouldeventurnback  around...hereachedinandsnatchedthemoneyandtookoff.TheappellantdidnotgiveKerns  anycrackcocaineinexchangeforthemoney.Kernsdidnotpursuetheappellantbecauseshe  believedthattodosowouldbea badidea. q   Theappellanttestifiedinhisownbehalf.Herelatedhisownversionofeventsasfollows: C 8  8`   Well,itwasonefellow,hewasoverthereservingthemsomecrack e cocaineandwhileshewasserving,IwenttothedriverssideandI N lookedinthereandwhiletheywasmakingtheirexchangeshe!I  7 dontknowwhatitwas.Shegottheplasticandshediditlikethis !   here....IguessshewasthrowingitoutthewindowandIgrabbed, " ! butwasntnothinginitandthenshewastellingtheotherladythatI #" haddonerippedheroff,soIjustwalkedoffawayfromthecarand $# thenthatwasthatonthat.t% $` x` x TheappellantmaintainedthathedidnottakeanymoneyfromKerns,nordidheevergrabherhand. F'"&   Attheconclusionofthebenchtrial,thetrialcourtsummarilystated, Itsarobberyinthe )h$( technicalsense.IbelieveitisandIdofindyouguilty...ofsimplerobbery.Atthesentencing *Q%)  hearing,thetrialcourtsentencedtheappellanttosixyearsincarceration.Theappellanttimely *:&* appealedhisrobberyconviction,arguingthattheproofwasinsufficienttoproverobberybyviolence  aswasallegedintheindictment.   @$ II.Analysis  k X XXXg  Onappeal,ajuryconvictionremovesthepresumptionoftheappellantsinnocenceand >  replacesitwithoneofguilt,sothattheappellantcarriestheburdenofdemonstratingtothiscourt ' w whytheevidencewillnotsupportthejurysfindings.SeeStatev.Tuggle,639S.W.2d913,914  ` (Tenn.1982).Theappellantmustestablishthatno reasonabletrieroffactcouldhavefoundthe  I essentialelementsoftheoffensebeyondareasonabledoubt.See#XgX XX#X XXXgԀJacksonv.Virginia,443U.S.307,  2  319,99S.Ct.2781,2789(1979);Tenn.R.App.P.13(e).        Accordingly,onappeal,theStateisentitledtothestrongestlegitimateviewoftheevidence   andallreasonableinferenceswhichmaybedrawntherefrom.SeeStatev.Williams,657S.W.2d   405,410(Tenn.1983).Inotherwords,questionsconcerningthecredibilityofwitnessesandthe o  weightandvaluetobegiventheevidence,aswellasallfactualissuesraisedbytheevidence,are X  resolvedbythetrieroffact,andnottheappellatecourts.SeeStatev.Pruett,788S.W.2d559,561 A (Tenn.1990).#XgX XXz"# *z   TennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection3913401(a)(1997)(emphasisadded)definesrobbery L as theintentionalorknowingtheftofpropertyfromthepersonofanotherbyviolenceorputting 5 thepersoninfear. Apersoncommitstheftofpropertyif,withtheintenttodeprivetheownerof  property,thepersonknowinglyobtainsorexercisescontroloverthepropertywithouttheowners  effectiveconsent.Tenn.CodeAnn.3914103(1997).    Aswenotedearlier,theappellantwaschargedwithrobberyby unlawfully,knowinglyand r byviolencetakingcashfromKerns.InStatev.Fitz,19S.W.3d213,216(Tenn.2000),our [ supremecourtexaminedwhatevidenceconstitutedproofof violence.Thecourtconcludedthat D theplainmeaningoftheelementofviolenceasusedintheoffenseofrobberypursuanttoTennessee -} CodeAnnotatedsection3913401is physicalforceunlawfullyexercisedsoastodamage,injure f orabuse.Id.at217;seealsoStatev.Allen,69S.W.3d181,186(Tenn.2002).Thecourtexplained O that violenceandforceareobviouslyrelatedbutnotsynonymous!ineffect,violenceisamore  8 severedegreeofforce.Statedanotherway,aviolentactnecessarilyinvolvesforcebutaforcible !!  actdoesnotnecessarilyinvolveviolence.Fitzat216.Forexample,the theftofawalletfromthe " ! pocketorpurseofanunknowingorunresistingvictim,forexample,mayrequirecompulsionby #" theuseofphysicalpowerbutnotviolence.Id.at217(citing X XXXgWayneR.LaFave&AustinW. $# Scott,Jr.,#XgX X Xh-# X XXXgCriminalLaw#XgX X X-# X XXXgԀ#XgX X XF.# X XXXg#XgX X X.# X XXXg8.11(d),at781(2ded.1986))#XgX X X.#. u% $   ApplyingthereasoningofFitz,wecandiscernnoevidenceofviolenceintheappellants G'"& actions.Kernsstatedthattheappellant grabbedherhandandtookhermoney.Whilethe 0(#'  appellantsactionsinvolvedforce,wedonotconcludethattheactionsconstitutedaviolentact. )i$( Therefore,weconcludethattheappellantcorrectlyarguedthattheStatefailedtoprovethathe  utilized violenceincommittingthetheftofKernsproperty.  #  1           Nevertheless,wealsoconcludethattheStateamplyprovedtheelementsoftheftunder$500, k aClassAmisdemeanor.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.3914103.Asweearliernoted,anoffender T  commitstheftofpropertyif,withtheintenttodeprivetheownerofproperty,thepersonknowingly =  obtainsorexercisescontroloverthepropertywithouttheownerseffectiveconsent.Id.Kerns & v testimonyclearlyestablishedthattheappellantcommittedtheoffenseoftheftandthattheamount  _ ofpropertytakenwas$50.  H @NN" III.Conclusion       Accordingly,wemodifytheappellantsconvictionofrobberytoaconvictionoftheftunder   $500andremandtothetrialcourtforsentencingonthatoffense.      `     h     ___________________________________ *z    `     h     NORMAMcGEEOGLE,JUDGE